Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Decoding Obesity Through the Lens of Adipose Tissue Inflammatory Regulation: A Comparative Study of Obesity Subtypes.","authors":"Yinuo Chen, Yuchen Zhang, Yuang Song, Haonan Xing, Yucheng Luo, Yujin Lai, Ye Li, Ziqing Dong","doi":"10.1111/obr.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous condition rather than a single disease entity. Although body mass index remains widely used in clinical practice, it does not adequately reflect differences in fat distribution, metabolic status, inflammatory activity, or body composition. As a result, individuals with similar body mass index values may have markedly different cardiometabolic risk profiles and clinical trajectories. This review examines four clinically relevant obesity-related phenotypes, namely metabolically healthy obesity, metabolically unhealthy obesity, metabolically obese normal weight, and sarcopenic obesity, within an integrated framework linking inflammation, metabolism, and structural tissue remodeling. Across these phenotypes, adipose dysfunction and chronic low-grade inflammation represent a common biological background. However, important differences arise from the extent to which inflammatory stress is buffered, amplified, or coupled to maladaptive remodeling in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Metabolically healthy obesity is characterized by relatively preserved metabolic function and a more favorable fat distribution, although this state is often unstable over time. Metabolically unhealthy obesity reflects overt metabolic decompensation driven by visceral adiposity, ectopic fat deposition, and amplified inflammatory signaling. Metabolically obese normal weight highlights concealed metabolic risk despite normal body weight, whereas sarcopenic obesity represents the coexistence of excess adiposity with impaired muscle mass and function. Taken together, these phenotypes are best viewed as dynamic and partially overlapping states. A phenotype-informed approach may improve risk stratification and support more precise strategies for prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70232"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Lived Experience of Children and Adults with Overweight or Obesity Engaging in Weight Management Treatments: An Umbrella Scoping Review with Narrative Synthesis.","authors":"Cecelia MacFarling Meure, Jo Salmon, Anna Peeters, Steven Allender, Louise A Baur, Kristy A Bolton, Cadeyrn J Gaskin, Blake J Lawrence, Ralph Maddison, Elizabeth Rieger, Elizabeth Sturgiss, Lena D Stephens, Linda Sweet, Andrew Wilson, Judi Porter","doi":"10.1111/obr.70227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding the lived experience of people with overweight or obesity is essential to ensure that interventions are free from weight stigma, avoid adverse consequences including eating disorder pathology, increase engagement, and promote culturally sensitive approaches to care. We aimed to synthesize published review evidence of the lived experience of people living with overweight and obesity engaging in weight management interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Database searches using defined inclusion criteria were undertaken in Ovid MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO via EBSCOHost, CINAHL Complete via EBSCOHost, and Cochrane Library. After screening and data extraction, thematic synthesis was undertaken using the Copilot large language model and verified by a researcher who had detailed knowledge of all included reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The database searches identified 4183 studies, with 38 reviews meeting the inclusion criteria. Supportive networks (including familial, social, healthcare, and employment) were key to initiation, engagement and maintenance of weight loss across all age groups and interventions. Intervention design and delivery approaches that were accessible, individually tailored, collaborative, age-appropriate, culturally sensitive, and free from judgment and stigma were key to sustained engagement with programs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This umbrella review identified emotional, healthcare, cultural, and societal implications for the weight stigma and bias described by participants in the current literature. By actively working to reduce weight bias and stigma in clinical practice, research, and guideline development, healthcare professionals, and academics can foster more equitable and effective weight management interventions that prioritize the long-term health of people living with overweight or obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70227"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Intertwined Epidemics of Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Analysis.","authors":"Sarang Patil","doi":"10.1111/obr.70235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The escalating global prevalence of both obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) represents a major public health challenge due to their combined impact on individual health outcomes and healthcare infrastructure. This review provides an analytical evaluation of the complex, bidirectional relationship between these conditions. Evidence demonstrates that OSA prevalence rises markedly across progressive body mass index (BMI) categories, reaching up to 90% in individuals with Class III obesity. This association is driven by mechanical mechanisms-such as upper airway pharyngeal fat accumulation and reduced lung volumes-as well as systemic metabolic inflammation and cellular dysfunction. Conversely, OSA promotes weight gain and metabolic dysregulation through sleep fragmentation, excessive daytime somnolence, and disruption of appetite-regulating hormones (elevated ghrelin and leptin resistance). Interventions yielding weight loss, including structured lifestyle modifications, novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and bariatric surgery, demonstrate significant reductions in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and cardiometabolic risk. Given the high co-occurrence and severe cardiovascular risk associated with untreated OSA, routine clinical screening and integrated multidisciplinary management strategies targeting both conditions are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70235"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Approaches in Obesity and Overweight Research Focused on White Adipose Tissue and Browning: A Bibliometric Study.","authors":"Violeta Heras, Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira, Francisco J Tinahones, Isabel Moreno-Indias","doi":"10.1111/obr.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global rise in obesity has intensified scientific interest in adipose tissue biology, particularly the mechanisms underlying white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. This bibliometric study mapped the evolution, structure, and emerging directions of research on obesity, overweight, and WAT browning from 2011 to May 2025. Records were retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed and analyzed using VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and Biblioshiny. A total of 2106 publications were identified, with a notable surge in output over the last decade. The United States, China, and several European countries emerged as leading contributors in terms of publication volume and citations. Influential journals were identified, highlighting interdisciplinary collaboration across molecular biology, endocrinology, and metabolic research. Keyword co-occurrence and trend-topic analyses identified thermogenesis, mitochondrial activity, transcriptional regulation, and adipocyte differentiation as central themes, whereas more recent research has shifted toward omics-based approaches, autophagy, gut microbiota, extracellular vesicles, immune regulation, and neuroendocrine pathways. Despite major mechanistic advances, the literature remains predominantly preclinical, and the contribution of beige adipocytes to whole-body energy expenditure in humans appears modest. Overall, the field has evolved from the identification of thermogenic adipocytes toward a more integrated view of adipose tissue plasticity and interorgan communication, although substantial challenges remain for clinical translation and long-term validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70224"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Medium Chain Fatty Acids on Body Composition in Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Megumi Minamida, Hanako Nakajima, Hiroshi Okada, Nozomi Kuramoto, Naoko Nakanishi, Masahide Hamaguchi, Michiaki Fukui","doi":"10.1111/obr.70230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) intake on the body composition of individuals with overweight and obesity through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched until January 2026. The primary outcome was the change in fat mass (FM) between the MCT intake and control groups; secondary outcomes included body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), and lean mass (LM). Pooled effect sizes were estimated using random-effects models, and certainty was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). RoB-2 was used for assessing risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven RCTs (N = 346) were included in this study. MCT intake significantly reduced FM (SMD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.67 to -0.17), BW (SMD: -0.41; 95% CI: -0.64 to -0.18), and WC (SMD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.69 to -0.14) compared to controls, with no significant effect on LM. Heterogeneity was low (I² = 0%), although the certainty of the evidence was low. Sensitivity analyses for BMI ≧ 25 kg/m² confirmed these findings. Adverse events associated with MCT intake are rare and well-tolerated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MCT intake effectively and safely reduced body fat and waist circumference while preserving lean mass, suggesting its value in obesity management.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70230"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149000953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Family-Based Intervention for Childhood Obesity on Parental and Offspring Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Luojie Pang,&nbsp;Shenglan Yang,&nbsp;Jing Wu","doi":"10.1111/obr.70122","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childhood obesity is a global public health issue with strong familial and intergenerational transmission. However, existing syntheses often overlook the active role of parents and fail to assess outcomes beyond the child. This systematic review and meta-analysis specifically investigate the effects of family-based interventions, which position parents as active co-agents of change, on health outcomes for both children with obesity and their parents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Six databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) targeting children with obesity and at least one family member. Primary outcomes were children's BMI z-score and parental BMI; secondary outcomes included other adiposity measures and dietary behaviors. Outcomes for both children and parents were synthesized. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on intervention characteristics. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2, and evidence certainty was evaluated using GRADE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty RCTs with 1740 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The interventions demonstrated a significant reduction in children's BMI z-score. Additional benefits were observed for long-term BMI z-score and percentage of total body fat. The most effective interventions commonly integrate health education, behavioral strategies, and motivational support. Subgroup analyses indicated that interventions positioning parents as active co-participants, rather than mere supporters, yielded larger effects. However, no significant effects were found on parental BMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that family-based interventions can confer significant benefits for children with obesity. Their success hinges on strategically framing parents as active co-agents and integrating motivational strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147353121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating School-Based Obesity Prevention Interventions in 6- to 12-Year-Old Children: A Scoping Review of All Reported Outcomes and Expert Consultation","authors":"Teatske M. Altenburg,&nbsp;Lotte W. de Vries,&nbsp;Iris J. Grooten,&nbsp;Janneke van 't Hooft,&nbsp;Arend W. van Deutekom,&nbsp;Tessa Roseboom,&nbsp;Erica van den Akker,&nbsp;Michael Duncan,&nbsp;Ulf Ekelund,&nbsp;John J. Reilly,&nbsp;Lisa Reilly,&nbsp;Annette Stafleu,&nbsp;Martyn Standage,&nbsp;Mai J. M. Chinapaw,&nbsp;Deirdre M. Harrington","doi":"10.1111/obr.70125","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This scoping review aims to identify all outcomes reported in school-based obesity prevention interventions in childhood. It serves as an essential first step towards developing an internationally agreed-upon Core Outcome Set (COS), which defines <i>what</i> should be measured in all school-based childhood obesity prevention studies, thereby reducing research waste and enhancing the comparability and relevance of future research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PsycINFO) were searched for published studies on controlled trials of school-based overweight/obesity prevention interventions in 6- to 12-year-olds, from inception until June 2024. Two researchers independently searched for relevant articles, extracted study/intervention characteristics, and reported outcomes. Through multiple meetings and feedback rounds, an international expert panel, including researchers (<i>n</i> = 5), healthcare providers (<i>n</i> = 4; i.e., pediatrician, youth health physician, dietician, psychologist), and a health educator identified unique outcomes underlying all reported outcomes, by reflecting on what was measured irrespective of how outcomes were defined and measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 262 published studies that evaluated 242 interventions were included in this review. From these studies, we extracted 642 different reported outcomes. BMI (kg/m²) was the most frequently reported outcome (128 studies), then BMI-z (108 studies) and BMI categories (100 studies). Experts identified 69 unique outcomes from all reported outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is substantial heterogeneity in outcomes reported in studies evaluating school-based overweight/obesity prevention interventions in 6- to 12-year-olds, limiting a synthesis of evidence in meta-analyses. This highlights the need for a consensus-based COS to improve the comparability and relevance of evidence of childhood obesity prevention trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Interventions Targeting Obesity-Related Behaviors: Protocol for a Scoping Review","authors":"Lu Yang,&nbsp;Byron W. Keating,&nbsp;Shasha Wang","doi":"10.1111/obr.70128","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of this scoping review is to examine the nature, extent, and impact of AI-supported interventions that include an AI agent intended to influence obesity-related behavior change. Empirical studies published from 2020 to 2025 examining AI-supported interventions that provide personalized feedback, support natural language communication, or adapt content based on user progress will be included. A search of Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed will be undertaken, limited to English-language publications, with backward and forward citation searching to improve coverage. Data will be extracted and synthesized narratively by AI agent characteristics, interaction design, targeted behaviors, and intervention outcomes using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EffectS of Lifestyle Interventions in Older PEople With Obesity (Effective SLOPE): a Systematic Review With Network Meta-Analyses","authors":"Gabriel Torbahn,&nbsp;Daniel Schoene,&nbsp;Isabel Galicia Ernst,&nbsp;Lukas Schwingshackl,&nbsp;Gerta Rücker,&nbsp;Helge Knüttel,&nbsp;Wolfgang Kemmler,&nbsp;Cornel C. Sieber,&nbsp;John A. Batsis,&nbsp;Dennis T. Villareal,&nbsp;Nanette Stroebele-Benschop,&nbsp;Dorothee Volkert,&nbsp;Eva Kiesswetter","doi":"10.1111/obr.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background/Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic review with network meta-analyses (NMA) summarizing the effects and safety of lifestyle interventions containing nutrition (NUT; e.g., calorie restriction), exercise (EX; e.g., aerobic/resistance exercise) and behavior change interventions (BCI; e.g., behavioral therapy) on physical function, body composition, quality of life, psychosocial outcomes, health and adverse events in community-dwelling older adults with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used the methodology proposed by Cochrane and searched six databases and one trial registry for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs; intervention duration ≥ 12 weeks) up to May 2022 with a full new search in MEDLINE and a re-assessment of previously identified eligible trial registry entries in October 2025. Random-effects NMA ((standardized) mean difference ((S)MD), 95% confidence intervals) were conducted if possible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 72 RCTs (<i>n</i> = 6716) for descriptive summaries and 54 RCTs (<i>n</i> = 4249) for NMA. NUT+EX+BCI improved physical function (performance batteries) compared to control (SMD 3.37 [1.76;4.97]; high certainty of evidence). NUT+EX+BCI may reduce body (MD −8.69 [−13.14;−4.25]) and fat mass (MD −6.58 [−10.44;−2.73]) while not negatively affecting fat-free mass (MD −1.38 [−3.52;0.76]) or bone mineral density (MD −0.01 [−0.05;0.02]) (evidence very uncertain). Other interventions (single/combined) may also be effective; however, effects were often imprecise. For psychosocial outcomes, quality of life, and health events, data were insufficient or too heterogeneous to derive clear results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The evidence suggests that NUT+EX+BCI interventions are most suitable for the management of obesity in older adults. Nevertheless, further RCTs—especially in frail populations and on patient-relevant outcomes—are needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147615629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are There Any Effective Behavior Change Strategies for Communicating Genetic Risk in Obesity Prevention and Body Weight Reduction Interventions?","authors":"Zofia Szczuka,&nbsp;Paulina Krzywicka,&nbsp;Anna Kornafel,&nbsp;Jowita Misiakowska,&nbsp;Hanna Zaleskiewicz,&nbsp;Maria Kafyra,&nbsp;Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati,&nbsp;George Dedoussis,&nbsp;Aleksandra Luszczynska,&nbsp;the BETTER4U project consortium","doi":"10.1111/obr.70132","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review examined how differences in intervention components may contribute to inconsistent findings in genetic risk communication studies, addressing obesity-related outcomes (e.g., weight reduction, nutrition behavior, exercise). The review was preregistered (PROSPERO #CRD42024524026) and followed PRISMA guidelines. Searches across eight databases identified 23 randomized controlled trials, covering 18 intervention trials. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 tool. A narrative synthesis was used to cluster studies by the content of intervention and control groups. Genetic risk communication alone (no behavioral counseling, addressing nutrition and exercise) or combined with phenotype-based risk was ineffective and sometimes counterproductive among low-risk individuals. When combined with personalized behavioral counseling, effectiveness improved, but only when compared to waitlist control groups or non-personalized behavioral counseling. Significant effects emerged in high–genetic risk subgroups within personalized behavioral counseling, using behavior change techniques such as problem-solving, feedback on behavior, self-monitoring, and environmental changes. The most promising results emerged from complex interventions integrating genetic risk communication into multiple sessions and combining numerous additional behavioral change techniques, such as social reward, cues/prompts, self-reward. Complex personalized interventions combining multiple behavior change techniques and prompting experiential genetic risk awareness show promise for improving weight, nutrition, and exercise-related outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}