Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Role of Kisspeptin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Associated Pregnancy Complications.","authors":"Shaohua Zhang, Xinmeng Sun, Haiyun Guan, Rongmin Wang, Wei Zhang, Hexia Xia","doi":"10.1111/obr.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder with a complex pathogenesis that includes disordered follicle development, hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis dysfunction, hyperandrogenemia, and insulin resistance. The risk of complications during pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE), among PCOS patients is higher than that in the general population. Kisspeptin (KP) is a peptide hormone widely expressed in the hypothalamus, limbic system, gonads, pancreas, and liver; it is highly expressed in the placenta and is considered to play an important role in pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the complex relationships among KP levels and pregnancy complications in PCOS and to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of KP throughout pregnancy in PCOS patients. In our summary of the existing research, we provide information regarding the direct impact of high prepregnancy KP levels in PCOS patients on early embryo implantation and placental development, leading to abnormal KP levels during pregnancy and ultimately increasing the risk of complications such as gestational GDM and PE.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70008"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144797695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and Functional Brain Changes in Children and Adolescents With Obesity.","authors":"Sixiu Zhao, Lorenzo Semeia, Ralf Veit, Julia Moser, Hubert Preissl, Stephanie Kullmann","doi":"10.1111/obr.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity, particularly pediatric obesity, has dramatically increased over the last three decades, with a wide range of detrimental health outcomes, including negative consequences for brain neurodevelopment. The present article reviewed magnetic resonance imaging studies between January 2011 and March 2024 examining the brain's role in pediatric obesity, including parental influences and diverse interventions. A literature search identified 97 eligible MRI studies in the pediatric population. Findings suggest that altered brain structures and functions in pediatric obesity are strongly dependent on the developmental stage of children and adolescents. The function and structure of limbic regions, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and striatum, as well as the prefrontal cortex, seem to be particularly affected by higher body mass index during development. In response to palatable foods, children and adolescents with excess weight have increased activation in reward-related regions and decreased activation in regions involved in interoceptive signal processing, especially during decision processes. In addition, children of mothers with obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus show alterations in brain structure and function independent of their current obesity. Behavioral, exercise, and weight-loss intervention studies showed promising effects on the brain, with increased structural integrity, decreased brain responses to reward, and strengthened inhibitory brain responses in children and adolescents with excess weight after the intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70001"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Status on the Effects of Obesity on Acute Pancreatitis.","authors":"Dilinigeer Tayier, Kunlei Wang, Yufeng Yuan, Zhiyong Yang","doi":"10.1111/obr.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease characterized by the premature activation of trypsinogen. Mild acute pancreatitis is self-limiting; however, approximately 15-20% of patients progress to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), which is associated with pancreatic tissue necrosis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, organ failure, and a mortality rate of up to 30%. Obesity, a growing global public health concern with increasing yearly incidence worldwide, is an established independent risk factor for the development and exacerbation of AP. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the impact of obesity on the increased risk, occurrence, and progression of AP.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70007"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Childhood Obesity Phenotypes With Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jia-Shuan Huang, Xuan-Yu Zhang, Rema Ramakrishnan, Jia-Qing Chu, Min-Shan Lu, Dan-Tong Shao, Xiu Qiu, Jian-Rong He","doi":"10.1111/obr.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association between different metabolic phenotypes of childhood obesity and cardiometabolic outcomes in adulthood is inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence on the association between childhood obesity phenotypes including metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) and cardiometabolic outcomes in adulthood. Four cohort studies with 8446 participants were included in this review. A meta-analysis of three studies with 7270 participants shows that children in the MHO (pooled RR, 2.72, 95% CI, 1.14-6.48) and MUO (pooled RR, 3.94, 95% CI, 2.77-5.60) groups had a higher risk of diabetes compared with the metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) phenotype. Similarly, in a meta-analysis of two studies with 3772 participants, the children with MHO (pooled RR, 2.50, 95% CI, 1.62-3.84) and MUO (pooled RR, 3.33, 95% CI, 2.38-4.67) had a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. After adjustment for adult BMI, the risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in the MHO phenotype was substantially reduced, while the risk in MUO decreased somewhat but was still significant. Additionally, the mean carotid intimal thickness of MHO (pooled mean difference, 0.02, 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.05) and MUO (pooled mean difference, 0.05; 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.11) was greater than that of MHNW, in the meta-analysis of three studies with 3924 participants. These findings suggest that weight loss from childhood into adulthood remains a critical strategy to mitigate these long-term health risks. Additionally, regular monitoring of cardiovascular metabolic indicators and timely intervention are essential for children with MUO. Given the few studies conducted on this important topic, further research with large sample sizes is needed to confirm our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70006"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It Is a Vicious Circle\": Experiences of People Living With Obesity and Chronic Pain: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis (QES).","authors":"Natasha S Hinwood, Maire-Brid Casey, Colin G Dunlevy, Catherine Doody, Catherine Blake, Bróna M Fullen, Gráinne O'Donoghue, Susie Birney, Fionnuala Fildes, Keith M Smart","doi":"10.1111/obr.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The relationship between obesity and chronic pain (CP) is complex. Obesity is associated with increased pain-related disability, pain intensity, worse physical functioning, and poorer psychological well-being.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) was to systematically review and synthesize the qualitative literature reporting experiences of people living with obesity (PwO) and CP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We registered (PROSPERO: CRD42023361391) and undertook a QES to answer the following question: \"What are the first-person experiences of people living with obesity and chronic pain?\" We searched five databases on February 9, 2023 and February 8, 2024 to identify primary qualitative studies investigating the experience of PwO and CP. Two authors independently screened search results for eligibility, extracted data, assessed methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP), and undertook a thematic synthesis of the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 10 studies (n = 153 participants) and identified eight findings under four main themes: (1) A Predominant Bio-Mechanical Understanding of Pain; (2) Catch 22: Vicious Cycle of Pain and Obesity; (3) The Stigmas Associated With Pain and Obesity; and (4) Food as a Complex and Frustrating Pathway to Health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lived experiences of CP and obesity include complex interactions of pain beliefs, challenges relating to healthcare provision, pain-associated and weight-related stigmas, altered self-image, self-blame, and altered food habits in response to pain. Our QES enhances understanding of experiences of PwO and CP and highlights the need for improved strategies for healthcare professionals to address weight-based stigma and provide holistic care for PwO and CP.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-pharmacologicaL InterVEntions for Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain (RESOLVE) in People Living With Severe Mental Illness: A Realist Synthesis","authors":"Maura MacPhee,&nbsp;Jo Howe,&nbsp;Hafsah Habib,&nbsp;Emilia Piwowarczyk,&nbsp;Geoff Wong,&nbsp;Amy Ahern,&nbsp;Gurkiran Birdi,&nbsp;Suzanne Higgs,&nbsp;Sheri Oduola,&nbsp;Alex Kenny,&nbsp;Annabel Walsh,&nbsp;Rachel Upthegrove,&nbsp;Katherine Allen,&nbsp;Max Carlish,&nbsp;Justine Lovell,&nbsp;Ian Maidment","doi":"10.1111/obr.13962","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.13962","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antipsychotic medications are used to treat individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) but are associated with rapid weight gain and several physical and mental risk factors. Early, proactive weight management is necessary to preempt these risk factors. The aim of this research was to understand and explain how, why, for whom, and in what contexts non-pharmacological interventions can help to manage antipsychotic-induced weight gain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A realist review was conducted to identify contextual factors and underlying mechanisms associated with effective, non-pharmacological weight management interventions for adults &gt; 18-years old. Practitioners and lived experience stakeholders were integral.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy-four documents were used to construct a program theory and 12 testable context-mechanism-outcome configurations. People with SMI benefit from support when navigating interventions aimed at managing weight gain. From a practitioner perspective, a good therapeutic relationship is important in helping people with SMI navigate early diagnosis and treatment options and facilitate the exploriation of any pre-existing issues. Interventions that are flexible and tailored to the needs of individuals, ideally starting early in a person's recovery journey, are likely to yield better results. Additional sources of support include family, friends, and peers with lived experience who can help individuals transition to autonomous goal-setting. The review findings also emphasizes the significant effect of stigma/dual stigma on individuals with SMI and weight gain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Successful interventions are collaborative, flexible, and underpinned by early and comprehensive assessment with the use of appropriate behavior change approaches. The therapeutic relationship is key, with a destigmatizing approach required. A realist evaluation with primary data is currently underway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"26 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.13962","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sweet Misery: Association of Sugar Consumption With Anxiety and Depression-A Systematic Review.","authors":"Manali Deb Barma, Bharathi M Purohit, Harsh Priya, Sneha Malhotra, Upendra S Bhadauria, Ritu Duggal","doi":"10.1111/obr.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food choices we make have profound implications on mental well-being, and this is an area that demands detailed investigation. Hence, this systematic review was conducted to synthesize evidence to elucidate if sugar consumption is associated with anxiety and depression.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Electronic databases of PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, Google scholar, and EMBASE were searched for relevant articles. Cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies assessing the influence of sugar consumption on anxiety and depression were included. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used for assessing the risk of bias. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six articles were included for systematic review, out of which 14 were cross-sectional, 10 were cohort, and two were case-control studies. Risk of bias was assessed across all included studies. Nineteen studies were rated as high quality, while the remaining seven were of moderate quality. There was a considerable degree of heterogeneity between the studies, with a wide range of age groups and a lack of consistency in tools to measure anxiety and/or depression, and hence a meta-analysis was not conducted. However, an overall positive association was observed between high intake of sugar and increased risk of anxiety and depressive symptoms in different populations across the globe.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reducing sugar intake may serve as a modifiable risk factor for mental disorders, underscoring the need for public health interventions. A further understanding of the causal directions, as well as mediation mechanisms underlying the complex relationship between sugar consumption and mental disorders, is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70003"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Are Adolescents Participating in the Transformation of Healthy Food Environments? A Scoping Review of Empirical Research.","authors":"Allyson R Todd, Putu Novi Arfirsta Dharmayani, Sisi Jia, Rebecca Raeside, Seema Mihrshahi, Katrina E Champion, Penny Farrell, Alice A Gibson, Stephanie R Partridge","doi":"10.1111/obr.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescence (10-19 years) is a pivotal life stage, presenting both risks and opportunities for optimizing nutrition. There are global calls advocating for adolescents to play a central role in transforming food environments. The extent to which adolescents have participated in research to improve food environments is unknown. A scoping review was conducted to investigate the extent, impact, and processes of adolescent participation in food environment research. Included studies were mapped through the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index. Extent, impact (individual/community/national/international-level), and processes (barriers/enablers) were analyzed. Adolescent co-researchers informed each stage. Eighty-nine articles (70 unique studies with 20,697 participants across 31 countries) were identified. Most (81%) were conducted in high-income countries. Food retail (56%) and provision (54%) were most reported, improving the availability of healthy food in their local community and school. Most were adolescent-led (41%); however, only 16% included adolescents throughout each research stage. Impact included improved professional skills and implemented policy. Using engaging participatory methods helped reduce power imbalances. There is substantial evidence of adolescents participating in various modes, methods, and levels of research to transform healthy food environments through policy, demonstrating adolescents can be central actors for change. Ensuring diverse representation from priority population groups and lower-income countries is necessary to reduce the global noncommunicable disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Genetic Blueprint of Obesity: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapies.","authors":"Gašper Tonin, Stjepan Eržen, Zala Mlinarič, Dubravka Jurišić Eržen, Simon Horvat, Tanja Kunej, Jasna Klen","doi":"10.1111/obr.13978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by disturbances in energy homeostasis, leading to excessive fat accumulation. The pathogenesis of the disease is shaped by a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, biological, psychological, and environmental factors. These contributors affect regulatory mechanisms in the hypothalamus, hormonal signaling, and the gut-brain axis, all of which control energy intake, expenditure, and energy utilization in body tissues. In this context, particular attention is given to the role of genetic factors, which have a major impact on an individual's susceptibility to disease and support the development of personalized preventive and therapeutic approaches. Modern obesity treatment goes beyond weight reduction and focuses on optimizing body composition by reducing fat mass and increasing lean mass. This review includes a detailed overview of the mechanisms and clinical effects of current pharmacological approaches to obesity treatment, alongside other established strategies such as lifestyle modifications and bariatric surgery. It specifically discusses lipase inhibitors, opioid antagonists, sympathomimetics, and GLP-1 receptor agonists. Looking ahead, emerging therapies-such as microbiota modulation, dual and triple drug combinations, PYY agonists, and monoclonal antibodies-are expected to play a crucial role in the management of obesity. Furthermore, this review explores the potential of CRISPR-based technology for monogenic obesity, opening new avenues for targeted obesity treatments and identifying promising research directions. In the time to come, personalized medicine might have a fundamental place in the management of obesity, providing tailored and more effective therapeutic approaches that prioritize the long-term improvement of body composition and health outcomes in patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13978"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor re “Cryolipolysis and Associated Health Outcomes, Adverse Events, and Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” Ravindran et al.","authors":"Nick Finer","doi":"10.1111/obr.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}