Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Nonadherence to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among Individuals With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Efrata A Shegena, Mekdes Kiflu, Muktar Ahmed, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Tadesse M Abegaz","doi":"10.1111/obr.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists are widely used for obesity management in patients with or without diabetes. However, treatment persistence is often limited due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Understanding adherence patterns in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is crucial for predicting real-world treatment acceptance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the pooled nonadherence rates and reasons for nonadherence to GLP-1 agonists in overweight or patients with obesity participating in RCTs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs was conducted to evaluate nonadherence to GLP-1 receptor agonists. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to October 2, 2024. Studies were included if they evaluated GLP-1 receptor agonists for overweight or obesity management and reported adherence outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled RR for nonadherence to GLP-1 receptor agonists was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.82, p = 0.01), indicating a 37% lower risk of nonadherence compared with the control group. However, ADR-induced nonadherence was significantly higher in the GLP-1 group (RR: 2.29 [95% CI: 1.47, 3.56, p = 0.04]), particularly due to gastrointestinal side effects. Nonadherence due to loss to follow-up was lower in the GLP-1 group (RR: 0.43 [95% CI: 0.27, 0.71, p = 0.18]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GLP-1 receptor agonists were associated with a lower overall nonadherence rate in RCTs compared with control treatments, suggesting higher persistence. However, ADR-related nonadherence was significantly higher, particularly due to gastrointestinal side effects. These findings highlight the need for strategies to improve treatment tolerability and adherence in real-world settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70200"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148589836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Outcomes of GLP-1-Based Medicines Among People With Overweight and Obesity: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Muhammed Rashid, E Lyn Lee, Sajesh K Veettil, Teerapon Dhippayom, Alice Y Y Cheng, Juliana Simonetti, Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk","doi":"10.1111/obr.70198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiovascular (CV) outcomes of Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based medicines among people with overweight and obese (OW/OB) population have been investigated by meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but an overall summary is lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, Epistemonikos, and Cochrane databases were searched till May 2024 for meta-analyses of RCTs that assessed CV outcomes of GLP-1-based medicines among people with OW/OB. GRADE approach was used to assess strength of associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies with 58 unique meta-analyses were included. Fifteen (25.9%) associations were statistically significant. Five high certainty evidence demonstrated beneficial effects of GLP-1 RAs on any CV events (N= 1), major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (N = 2), and myocardial infarction (MI) (N = 2), whereas two associations on revascularization (N = 1) and CV events (N = 1) were supported by moderate certainty. Four associations demonstrated inverse effects of tirzepatide on MACE (N = 1; moderate) and hypertension (N = 3; low). Remaining four demonstrated higher risk of arrhythmia with GLP-1 RAs (N = 1; moderate) and increased heart rate with tirzepatide (N = 3; low to moderate). Although the inverse association between GLP-1 RAs and MACE and MI was significant and supported by high certainty evidence in both main and sensitivity analyses, these associations were no longer statistically significant among patients without CV disease (CVD) at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that GLP-1 RAs are associated with reduced risk of MACE, and MI among people with OW/OB, but they were driven by studies with established CVD at baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70198"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation Strategies Used in Effective Policies to Combat Obesity in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Communities: Systematic Review.","authors":"Maria Siwa, Anna Banik, Luis Cereijo, Sondre Haugsbø Herstad, Jeroen Lakerveld, Nanna Lien, Biljana Meshkovska, Natalia Paduszynska, Aleksandra Luszczynska","doi":"10.1111/obr.70183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The effectiveness of obesity prevention or obesity reduction policies is co-determined by policy content, the implementation process, and contextual factors. This systematic review provides insight into implementation strategies used in whole-of-community obesity prevention policies aimed at changes in two types of outcomes: (1) a reduction in obesity/overweight prevalence, body mass index-related outcomes, and other weight-related outcomes, or (2) a change in nutrition behaviors, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors or screen time. We specifically examined implementation strategies using the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) framework, focusing on policies implemented in low socioeconomic status communities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, eight databases were searched. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool. The efficacy of implementation strategies was considered supported if at least 66% of the studies that applied respective strategies reported significant improvements for a given outcome type across at least three studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 29 original studies were included. Fifteen implementation strategies from the ERIC framework were consistently associated with favorable outcomes. These strategies included altering incentive structures, assessing community readiness, and using data warehousing techniques. Six additional non-ERIC strategies (e.g., cultural adaptation and grassroots mobilization) received support across different outcome domains. Most studies (72%) had a low risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings may help prioritize implementation strategies that may drive the success of whole-of-community obesity policies targeting disadvantaged populations. The results suggest a need to expand existing implementation taxonomies to include community-driven strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70183"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toll Like Receptor 4: A Potential Link Between Obesity and Metabolic Diseases","authors":"Ghadeer Alhamar,&nbsp;Joanna Razafiarison,&nbsp;Fawaz Alzaid,&nbsp;Fahd Al-Mulla,&nbsp;Rasheed Ahmad","doi":"10.1111/obr.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Epidemiological evidence shows that obesity increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases. Nevertheless, the mechanisms behind this connection remain underappreciated. The substantial impact of these disorders on global health has led to extensive research efforts aimed at identifying the pathophysiological links between them. Chronic low-grade inflammation, induced by altered secretion of adipokines and other bioactive molecules, from adipose tissue, is believed to causally link obesity to various metabolic disorders. Multiple studies have indicated that TLR4 regulates inflammation, adipogenesis, thermogenesis, and glucose metabolism through its interaction with endotoxins, particularly in the context of obesity. The increased expression of TLR4 observed in obesity is believed to contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), as it disrupts key physiological processes that regulate metabolic inflammation. This review aims to summarize recent research on the pathobiological roles of TLR4-mediated inflammation in obesity and its contribution to the development of metabolic disorders. Overall, current evidence supports a central role for TLR4 as a mediator of obesity-associated metabolic inflammation, highlighting TLR4 and its downstream pathways as promising targets for preventing or treating obesity related metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146206102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects and Dose–Response Relationship of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiometabolic Risk in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Gaoning Zhang,&nbsp;Mingjing Zhang,&nbsp;Peiqiang Peng,&nbsp;Ruimeng Chao,&nbsp;Ruixue Jiang,&nbsp;Yi Liu,&nbsp;Ting Wang,&nbsp;Lijing Zhao,&nbsp;Xuejiao Lv,&nbsp;Yanwei Du","doi":"10.1111/obr.70115","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with overweight and obesity exhibit elevated cardiometabolic risks. While high-intensity interval training (HIIT) demonstrates potential in improving cardiometabolic health, evidence-based recommendations for optimal HIIT protocols remain uncertain. This study aimed to explore the effects of HIIT on cardiometabolic risk in individuals with overweight and obesity and to characterize dose–response relationships of HIIT programming variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search of five databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus) identified 19 randomized controlled trials comprising 24 intervention groups. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool. Relevant data were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.4 software.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Meta-analysis demonstrated that HIIT significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.18) and reduced TG (SMD = −0.40) compared to nonexercising controls. Subgroup analyses revealed greater CRF improvements with interventions ≥ 8 weeks, work/rest intervals ≥ 90 s, and high-volume long-interval protocols. Total cholesterol (TC) reductions were significant under work/rest intervals ≥ 90 s (SMD = −1.67) and high-volume protocols (SMD = −2.15). Maximal triglycerides (TG) benefits occurred with work/rest intervals ≥ 90 s (SMD = −0.64) and high-volume protocols (SMD = −0.72). However, HIIT showed no significant effects on body composition, blood pressure, glucose, or high-density lipoprotein/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HIIT is an effective strategy to reduce cardiometabolic risk (CRF, lipid metabolism) in individuals with overweight and obesity, with a preliminary dose–response relationship observed between training variables and outcomes. Future studies should optimize protocols and confirm sustained benefits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147300454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Suicidality: A Systematic Review","authors":"Hezekiah C. T. Au,&nbsp;Yang Jing Zheng,&nbsp;Gia Han Le,&nbsp;Sabrina Wong,&nbsp;Kayla M. Teopiz,&nbsp;Angela T. H. Kwan,&nbsp;Joshua D. Rosenblat,&nbsp;Rodrigo B. Mansur,&nbsp;Hayun Choi,&nbsp;Roger S. McIntyre","doi":"10.1111/obr.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased risk of suicidality has been reported in association with glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) prescription. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive review evaluating reports of GLP-1 RA prescription and suicidality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relevant articles were retrieved from OVID (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to May 20, 2024. Primary research examining the association between GLP-1 RAs (i.e., dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, semaglutide, tirzepatide) and suicidality were included for analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate liraglutide (reported odds ratio [ROR] = 3.26, 95% CI = 2.53, 4.22) and semaglutide (ROR = 1.73; 95% CI = 0.30, 0.80) are significantly associated with a greater odds ratio of reported suicidal ideation. Similarly, tirzepatide was associated with greater odds of reported suicidal ideation; however, this was nonsignificant (ROR = 1.49; 95% CI = −0.41, 1.21). Similarly, semaglutide (ROR = 8.81; 95% CI = 3.69, 21.04) and liraglutide (ROR = 3.74; 95% CI = 1.23, 11.38) are also associated with a greater odds ratio of reported suicidal depression. No significant association between other GLP-1 RAs and suicidality was observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reports of aspects of suicidality and exposure to select GLP-1 RAs exist; notwithstanding, no causality between GLP-1 RA exposure and suicidality is apparent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Movement Integration in Secondary Schools: A Scoping Review of Evidence","authors":"Jongho Moon,&nbsp;Collin A. Webster,&nbsp;Taemin Ha,&nbsp;Hyeonho Yu,&nbsp;Liana Davis,&nbsp;Vishwa S. Parikh","doi":"10.1111/obr.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physical activity (PA) is essential for adolescents' healthy development, yet many fall short of PA guidelines. Movement integration (MI)—infusing PA into regular classroom time—is a well-established approach to increasing elementary children's PA at school. However, less is known about MI in secondary school settings. This scoping review maps the breadth of empirical evidence on MI in secondary schools.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review adhered to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across seven electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, ERIC [EBSCOhost], SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) from November 10–15, 2023, and on August 5, 2025. Inclusion criteria centered on studies involving secondary school students and professionals. Exclusions applied to non-typically developing children and unpublished documents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MI strategies varied, with non-academic movement breaks (31 instances) and academic subject integration (28 instances) being the most common. The review included 44 studies published between 2014 and 2025. The studies originated from 11 countries and involved 59,973 participants. Two theoretical perspectives were prominent: social cognitive theory and the socio-ecological model. Methodological approaches included quantitative (28 studies), qualitative (10 studies), and mixed-methods (six studies) designs. Knowledge claims underscored student-centered benefits, the importance of contextual and institutional alignment, the feasibility and challenges of implementation, the adaptability of content for pedagogical integration, and the fact that no single MI strategy is universally sufficient for success.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MI in secondary schools presents a viable PA promotion strategy for adolescents. Future research on MI in secondary school settings is warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146163260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Adiposity With Gut Microbiota Composition Among Adults—Results From a Federated Analysis of Individual Participant Data From Eight European Observational Studies","authors":"Carolina Schwedhelm,&nbsp;Mariona Pinart,&nbsp;Sofia K. Forslund-Startceva,&nbsp;Kolade Oluwagbemigun,&nbsp;Andreas Dötsch,&nbsp;Kristina Schlicht,&nbsp;Florian Schwarz,&nbsp;Sofia M. Siampani,&nbsp;Demetris Avraam,&nbsp;Maria De Angelis,&nbsp;Jildau Bouwman,&nbsp;Patrizia Brigidi,&nbsp;Giovanna Caderni,&nbsp;Francesco Maria Calabrese,&nbsp;Rafael R. C. Cuadrat,&nbsp;Carlotta De Filippo,&nbsp;Francesca De Filippis,&nbsp;Danilo Ercolini,&nbsp;Marco Fabbrini,&nbsp;Matthias Laudes,&nbsp;Ute Nöthlings,&nbsp;Serdar Özsezen,&nbsp;Itai Sharon,&nbsp;Matthias B. Schulze,&nbsp;Silvia Turroni,&nbsp;Francesco Vitali,&nbsp;Tobias Pischon,&nbsp;Katharina Nimptsch","doi":"10.1111/obr.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gut microbiota may contribute to the adiposity-associated disease risk, but human studies reported inconsistent associations of adiposity with gut microbiota composition. We examined associations of body mass index (BMI) with alpha diversity and relative microbial abundance at the phylum and genus taxonomic levels (based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing or metagenomics) among 7415 adults from eight European observational studies in a joint federated analysis of harmonized data using DataSHIELD. Higher BMI (per 5 kg/m²) was associated with lower alpha diversity (<i>β</i>: −0.05; 95% CI: −0.07, −0.03) and, on the phylum level, positively associated with Proteobacteria, but neither with Firmicutes nor Bacteroidetes nor their ratio, where high between-study heterogeneity was observed. On the genus level, BMI was inversely associated with the relative abundance of <i>Faecalibacterium</i> of the Firmicutes phylum (<i>β</i>: −0.11; 95% CI: −0.14, −0.07) but positively with the odds of detection of <i>Dorea</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i>, and <i>Clostridium</i> (all three Firmicutes) as well as <i>Collinsella</i> (Actinobacteria). This federated analysis of multiple studies found lower alpha diversity, alongside depleted <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, as well as higher odds of detection of <i>Dorea</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Clostridium</i>, and <i>Collinsella</i> with higher adiposity. By combining data from diverse study populations using harmonized data and statistical methods, our analysis partly overcomes sources of heterogeneity that may explain previously observed inconsistencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (Mono and Combination Therapy) on Energy Expenditure: A Scoping Review","authors":"Flavio T. Vieira,&nbsp;ZhiDi Deng,&nbsp;Manfred J. Muller,&nbsp;Giovanna G. L. Bergamasco,&nbsp;Sarah Cawsey,&nbsp;Melania Manco,&nbsp;Steven B. Heymsfield,&nbsp;Carla M. Prado,&nbsp;Andrea M. Haqq","doi":"10.1111/obr.70116","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight loss results in reduced energy expenditure (EE) due to body composition alterations (e.g., fat-free mass and fat mass losses) and mass-independent adaptations in EE (e.g., hormones). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are indicated for obesity management; however, their effects on EE remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this scoping review, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library (inception to October 2025) for studies that investigated the effects of GLP-1RA (mono or combination therapy) on EE in humans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-three studies were included, 10 assessed GLP-1RA monotherapy (4 exenatide, 4 liraglutide, 1 semaglutide, 1 beinaglutide) and 13 combination therapy (11 dual, 2 triple agonists); drug regimen heterogeneity was high. Most studies assessed resting metabolic rate (RMR); 4 used 24-h whole-room indirect calorimetry; and none applied doubly labeled water. Eight studies (34.8%) concluded that GLP-1RA mono or combination therapy had non-significant effects on EE. Combination with glucagon produced varied impacts on EE components (RQ [<i>n</i> = 3], RMR [<i>n</i> = 1], and sleep metabolic rate [n = 1]), whereas combination with glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) decreased RQ and increased fat utilization (<i>n</i> = 1). Eleven studies (47.8%) produced inconclusive results due to the applied statistical analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute or chronic GLP-1RA monotherapy does not appear to impact EE independent of weight loss. Combining GLP-1RA with glucagon or GIP may impact EE in different ways, requiring further exploration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147353159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Behavioral Interventions for Children and Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Component Network Meta-Analysis","authors":"Xinran Xie,&nbsp;Yunhe Mao,&nbsp;Minghui Sun,&nbsp;Xinyu Zou,&nbsp;Yan Yang,&nbsp;Yiyuan Gao,&nbsp;Wei Xu,&nbsp;Lan Zhang,&nbsp;Leticia Kawano-Dourado,&nbsp;Arnav Agarwal,&nbsp;Jiafeng Li,&nbsp;Xia Hong,&nbsp;Yufang Bi,&nbsp;Ying Liu,&nbsp;Jing An,&nbsp;Jiahui Ma,&nbsp;Yuzi Cao,&nbsp;Kailei Nong,&nbsp;Jiyun Guo,&nbsp;Jing Zeng,&nbsp;Mengnan Zhao,&nbsp;Yibin Zhang,&nbsp;Qinbo Yang,&nbsp;Baihai Su,&nbsp;Changzheng Yuan,&nbsp;Changjian Qiu,&nbsp;Gordon Guyatt,&nbsp;Sheyu Li","doi":"10.1111/obr.70118","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The efficacy of individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) components for managing pediatric obesity remains unclear. This study systematically evaluated the impacts of CBT and its constituent techniques in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to July 17, 2024, for randomized controlled trials comparing CBT techniques or usual care targeting obesity management in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. Component network meta-analyses provided estimates of effects of each component on obesity-related outcomes. We rated the certainty of evidence using modified GRADE approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 125 trials with 16,513 children and adolescents. For conceptual level components, compared with minimal education, behavioral therapy probably reduces body fat percentage (MD, −1.16%; 95% CI, −1.68% to −0.64%), waist circumference (MD, −1.70 cm; 95% CI, −2.74 to −0.67 cm), and improves quality of life (SMD, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03–0.30). For technical-level components, when compared with minimal education, parental involvement (MD, −0.09; 95% CI, −0.16 to −0.03) and stimulus control (MD, −0.07; 95% CI, −0.12 to −0.01) probably reduce body mass index (BMI) z-score. Preplanning (MD, −3.05%; 95% CI, −5.82% to −0.28%) and feedback (MD, −2.73%; 95% CI, −5.31% to −0.14%) probably reduce body fat percentage, whereas device monitoring, problem-solving, rule-setting, and relaxation training might increase body fat percentage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interpretation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Behavioral therapy alone is likely effective for pediatric obesity management, irrespective of cognitive therapy integration. Techniques such as parental involvement, stimulus control, preplanning, and feedback should be prioritized in CBT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}