Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Role of Reward Dysregulation in the Association Between Depression and Obesity: A Systematical Review.","authors":"Xuan Zhang, Lin Han, Yefei Xiao, Kayla M Teopiz, Roger S McIntyre, Xiao Gao, Bing Cao","doi":"10.1111/obr.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Depression and obesity represent major public health challenges, and their comorbidity suggests underlying shared mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of the common cognitive-behavioral and neurobiological pathways, particularly those involving reward processing, is essential for developing effective clinical and public health interventions. This systematic review synthesizes evidence regarding the overlap of behavioral and neural substrates or correlates of reward processing and manifestations in depression and obesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that comorbid depression and obesity are associated with reward-related behaviors, as well as functional and structural alterations in key reward-processing regions, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex. These alterations correlate with increased severity of depressive symptoms and abnormal reward-related behaviors. Insulin resistance and dysregulation of serotonin pathways constitute significant mediators that exacerbate reward dysfunction in affected individuals. Additionally, early-life stress and genetic predispositions significantly shape both the structure and function of the brain's reward circuitry.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights that the comorbidity of obesity and depression can be explained through complex behavioral and neural mechanisms, particularly those involving reward processing pathways. Further longitudinal and intervention studies are warranted to clarify causal relationships and underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70082"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noncoding RNAs in Obesity and Related Disorders.","authors":"Min Wang, Linhao Wang, Ting Zhao, Yanmin Zhang, Hua Li","doi":"10.1111/obr.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity, a global health crisis driven by excessive body fat accumulation, predisposes individuals to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and fatty liver disease. Although genetic and environmental factors play roles in the pathogenesis of obesity, recent transcriptomic studies have revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), act as key regulators of crucial pathways in obesity, including adipogenesis, inflammation, insulin resistance, and energy homeostasis. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on the roles of lncRNAs and circRNAs in obesity and its complications, emphasizing their utility as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We further discuss challenges in translating ncRNA biology into clinical practice and propose integrative strategies to advance precision medicine for obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 6","pages":"e70081"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147808957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) in Adolescents With Obesity: A Scoping Review of National and International Obesity and PCOS Management Guidelines.","authors":"Carey Yun Shan Lim, Kah Yin Loke, Sajini Mary Varughese, Yung Seng Lee, Nicholas Beng Hui Ng","doi":"10.1111/obr.70072","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is commonly associated with obesity and has cardio-metabolic, reproductive, and psychiatric comorbidities. PCOS in adolescents is challenging to diagnose. Appropriate screening for PCOS among adolescents with overweight/obesity is essential for timely diagnosis and management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>A PRISMA-compliant scoping review of international and national pediatric obesity (n = 32) and adolescent PCOS (n = 6) management guidelines was performed to evaluate recommendations on PCOS screening and management in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases searched included PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL. Data were extracted from guidelines using a predefined extraction template. Guideline quality was appraised using the AGREE-II instrument. Fourteen (of 32) pediatric obesity guidelines included some recommendations for PCOS evaluation, whereas six incorporated management recommendations. A summary of recommendations from reviewing PCOS-specific guidelines is that all adolescent females with overweight/obesity should be evaluated for PCOS, including a comprehensive menstrual history and clinical evaluation for hirsutism and severe acne. Free testosterone is helpful for PCOS diagnosis; ovarian ultrasound is not routinely recommended. Treatment of adolescent PCOS includes weight loss through multicomponent lifestyle or adjunct antiobesity pharmacotherapy, whereas off-label use of combined oral contraceptives and metformin may be indicated for PCOS-specific symptoms. Clear recommendations on PCOS in obesity guidelines are important to improve outcomes for this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70072"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative Comorbidities Associated With Weight Loss Following Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Rapid Review.","authors":"Evan Atlantis, Gabriel Mariadasan, Cristy Brooks, Milan Piya, Paul Fahey","doi":"10.1111/obr.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This rapid review aims to summarize the evidence of weight loss following Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (MBS) associated with preoperative comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases Medline and EMBASE were searched for relevant articles up to and including September 2023. Studies that reported associations between the presence of comorbidities and weight loss outcomes in adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) after MBS (with ≥ 6 months of follow-up). Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated and pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I² statistic and tested for statistical significance using the Q-statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-three studies published between 2001 and 2023 were reviewed. Mental illness (SMD = -0.33, 95% CI: -0.53, -0.13; I² = 64.72%, Q statistic p = 0.01), type 2 diabetes mellitus (SMD = -0.20, 95% CI: -0.36, -0.03; I² = 56.88%, Q statistic p = 0.04), and sleep apnea (SMD = -0.28, 95% CI: -0.45, -0.12; I² = 27.39%, Q statistic p = 0.24) achieved slightly lower weight loss outcomes compared to those without these comorbidities. There was no significant difference in weight loss after bariatric surgery between individuals with and without preoperative hypertension (SMD = -0.10, 95% CI: -0.22, 0.03), dyslipidemia (SMD = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.20, 0.10), and metabolic syndrome (SMD = -0.19, 95% CI: -0.58, 0.19). While other comorbidities were also linked to reduced weight loss, the statistical significance of these findings was more variable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our evidence synthesis reveals an association between the presence of several preoperative comorbidities and less favorable weight loss outcomes following MBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70084"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145861745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity Exposed to Physical Activity Interventions: An Umbrella Review Covering Over 1200 Trials.","authors":"Fernanda Dias Massierer, Cíntia Ehlers Botton, Jessica Pietra da Silva Carvalho, Gisele Cassão, Angélica Trevisan de Nardi, Jayne Feter, Andresa Conrado Ignacio, Rodrigo Leal-Menezes, Nórton Luís Oliveira, Lucineia Orsolin Pfeifer, Leandro Dos Santos, Lucas Porto Santos, Larissa Xavier Neves da Silva, Luciana Dos Passos Silva, Frederico Morais Schwingel, Carolina Weingärtner Welter, Daniel Umpierre","doi":"10.1111/obr.70085","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood and adolescent obesity poses health risks. Standardizing outcome measurements in physical activity interventions enhances evidence comparability. This study summarizes health outcomes reported in systematic reviews and classifies them under an existing taxonomy as a preliminary step toward the future development of a core outcome set. Eligible studies were systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses involving children and adolescents (4-19 years) with overweight or obesity, reporting health outcomes from physical activity interventions. Data extraction was performed independently in pairs, collecting study characteristics, intervention details, participant demographics, and outcomes. Outcomes were classified into taxonomy-based domains. This review identified key outcomes in body composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and physical functioning. The most frequent body composition outcomes were BMI, body weight, and body fat. Lipid profile outcomes included HDL, total cholesterol, and LDL. Blood pressure outcomes comprised systolic and diastolic measurements. Physical functioning was assessed by time spent in physical activity. Among 137 reviews, 841 outcomes were extracted, identifying 169 unique outcomes across 16 domains. The most reported unique outcomes were BMI (52.6%), body weight, body fat, HDL, and systolic blood pressure. This study highlights the need for a Core Outcome Set to standardize outcomes in physical activity interventions for children with overweight or obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70085"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145905341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initiatives for Advancing Planetary Health Through Sustainable Food Systems: An Umbrella Review.","authors":"Carmen Vargas, Danielle Brooke, Carolina Venegas Hargous, Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez, Rebecca Bennett, Felice Jacka, Steven Allender","doi":"10.1111/obr.70074","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Interventions in the food system to improve sustainability are emerging research areas reflecting complex relations between consumption, production, and environmental impact. This umbrella review aimed to explore current research on food systems initiatives and their relationship with human health and sustainability outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An umbrella review of systematic and scoping reviews describing food system initiatives with cobenefits for health and at least one sustainability outcome was conducted. Five databases were searched, covering 2015-2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The systematic search identified 2770 records and 20 articles were included. Most reviews described initiatives on sustainable diets (n = 7), food security (n = 3), urban agriculture (n = 4), food supply chain (n = 3), education (n = 2), and the global syndemic (n = 1). Three reviews (15%) reported on all three sustainability outcomes combined. Economic sustainability was reported only alongside social (n = 4) or environmental (n = 3) outcomes. Social and environmental outcomes were examined in isolation (social [n = 3]; environmental [n = 3]) or in combination (n = 4). No clear trends emerged between intervention topics and outcomes. Included reviews identified the need for further research that took a holistic approach to food system sustainability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review supports the crucial need for robust, methodological multidisciplinary systems research to effectively integrate all sustainability dimensions to drive transformative food systems' change.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70074"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145792631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity Paradox in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Anthropometric Measures and Age-Dependent Effects.","authors":"Jeongmin Son, Wanhyung Lee, Youjin Kim","doi":"10.1111/obr.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While obesity is linked to increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk via inflammatory and metabolic pathways, conflicting evidence suggests a protective effect \"obesity paradox.\" This meta-analysis investigates the association between various anthropometric measures and AD risk, focusing on age-dependent differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase for studies assessing the association between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and AD risk. Thirty-eight studies were included, and a random-effects model was used to calculate pooled effect sizes (EF). Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions examined age-specific relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Underweight BMI was associated with borderline increased risk (ES: 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.64), and obese BMI was associated with decreased risk (ES: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64-0.95). However, when stratified by age, overweight and obesity were protective on AD among aged ≥ 60 years (ES range: 0.81-0.90), but risk-enhancing for individuals aged < 60 years (ES range: 1.65-2.45). Weight loss increased AD risk, especially in older individuals (ES: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08-1.58). A dose relationship between BMI and AD risk indicated increased risk at both low and high extremes, while higher BMI was protective in older adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis revealed a complex, age-dependent association between obesity and AD, supporting the obesity paradox in older adults. These findings underscore the importance of age-specific considerations along with obesity management strategies for AD prevention and emphasize the need for further research to elucidate underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70078"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review Identifying Critical Evidence Gaps in Reporting Dietary Change in Randomized Controlled Trials Prescribing Liraglutide, Semaglutide, or Tirzepatide.","authors":"Anna K Jansson, María Gómez-Martín, Linnea Hedin, Erin D Clarke, Victoria Cross, Jordan Stanford, Rachael M Taylor, Leonie H Bogl, Nienke De Vlieger, Afsaneh Koochek, Marie Löf, Roberta C Asher, Tracy Burrows, Tamara Bucher, Clair Sullivan, Paulina Nowicka, Clare E Collins","doi":"10.1111/obr.70077","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With the growing use of GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist medications, their impact on dietary intake and quality remains unclear. This systematic review examined how randomized controlled trials (RCT) prescribing liraglutide, semaglutide, or tirzepatide assessed and reported dietary intake and quality as outcome measures, alongside weight loss and/or glycemic control, and identified gaps in the use and methodological quality of dietary assessment methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and CINAHL were systematically searched between January 2008-January 2025 (adults) and January 2014-January 2025 (children/adolescents). The review was registered with the Open Science Framework (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/XPNGY).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-three articles from 41 unique RCTs, comprising 50,690 participants (n = 688 children/adolescents, n = 50,002 adults) were included. Except for two studies targeting adults (one published and one unpublished data from an included study), this review found no other studies that assessed or reported dietary intake or changes in diet. Both reported a reduction in the total energy intake and altered macronutrient distribution in the medication plus diet group, although one was not significantly different from medication alone. Quality of assessment methods used was categorized as \"poor\" and \"acceptable,\" respectively. These results highlight a critical gap in the literature.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Only 2/41 studies (≈5%) reported or assessed dietary intake or evaluated diet changes secondary to GLP-1/GIP RA medication use. This review highlights a major gap in the evidence requiring urgent attention. More high-quality research, using validated dietary assessment methods as outcome measures in RCTs is needed to understand how these medications impact diet and diet quality, nutrient intake, and chronic disease risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70077"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145905344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Metabolic Factors on the Risk of Colorectal Precancerous Polyps Among Individuals at Above-Average Risk for Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Meseret Derbew Molla, Molla M Wassie, Erin L Symonds, Zegeye Abebe, Jean M Winter","doi":"10.1111/obr.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While the association between metabolic factors and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the general population is well established, their effect on precancerous polyps among individuals undergoing surveillance colonoscopy is not well understood. Additionally, most guidelines do not consider metabolic factors when determining surveillance colonoscopy intervals. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes current evidence for this association in individuals at above-average risk for CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant studies published from 2010 through 2023 were identified using seven databases. Two independent reviewers performed abstract and full-text screening and quality assessment. Effect estimates were reported using a pooled odds ratio (POR) or pooled hazard ratio (PHR) based on the primary studies measurement with 95% confidence intervals and heterogeneity was reported as I².</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>15,486 studies were screened, with 24 meeting the inclusion criteria. General obesity (POR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.09-1.57, I² = 67%), central obesity (POR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.16-1.49, I² = 0%), hypertension (POR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.02-1.44, I² = 57%), high triglyceride (POR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.06-1.83, I² = 0%), and metabolic syndrome (PHR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.01-1.51, I² = 24%) were significant risk factors for the development of any precancerous polyp. The association between diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and overall precancerous polyps was inconsistent. General obesity (PHR = 3.04, 95% CI 2.01-4.60, I² = 0%) but not diabetes (PHR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.72-1.57, I² = 0%) was significantly associated with the risk of advanced precancerous polyps.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Metabolic factors should be considered when recommending surveillance colonoscopy intervals, which in most guidelines are mainly determined based on the findings at colonoscopy, the significance of family history of CRC and genetic predispositions.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70086"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145987369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity-related cancer Risk and Survival: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews With Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.","authors":"Maci Winn, Prasoona Karra, Ryzen Benson, Svenja Pauleck, Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk, Win Khaing, Sajesh K Veettil, Mary M McFarland, Tallie Casucci, Yizhe Xu, Siwen Hu-Lieskovan, Michelle Litchman, Mary Playdon, Sheetal Hardikar","doi":"10.1111/obr.70073","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) may be associated with obesity-related cancer (ORC) owing to shared risk factors like physical inactivity, insulin resistance, gut microbiome dysfunction, and inflammation. We conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence on the association between MetS and ORC risk and survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searches in five databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) retrieved 2524 systematic reviews with meta-analyses (SRMAs), which underwent title and abstract screening (2524), full-text review (41), and data extraction for included SRMAs (21). Summary effects and 95% confidence intervals were re-estimated using random-effects models. Methodological quality, certainty of evidence, and publication bias were assessed using the AMSTAR 2, modified Ioannidis criteria, and Egger's test, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 25 associations between MetS and ORC risk and five between MetS and survival were evaluated. Overall, 10 associations evaluating MetS and ORC risk were highly suggestive (four) or suggestive (six), while the rest were classified as weak (seven) or nonsignificant (eight). One association was suggestive for MetS and ORC survival, while the rest were classified as weak (three) or nonsignificant (one). The Egger's and excess significance tests were significant for 8(32%) associations between MetS and ORC risk and 3(60%) associations between MetS and ORC survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This umbrella review suggests metabolic syndrome increases the risk of several obesity-related cancers and worsens colorectal cancer survival. Despite study variability, consistent associations across diverse populations highlight the urgency of prevention and management strategies targeting metabolic dysfunction to reduce cancer burden. Summary In this umbrella review, highly suggestive and suggestive evidence supports associations between MetS and the risk and survival of several obesity-related cancers. However, a better understanding of the relationship between metabolic syndrome and obesity-related cancers is still needed to provide appropriate clinical care, design optimal interventions, and prevent subsequent increases in the risks of cancer, morbidity, and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70073"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12795314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145931706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}