Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Polygenic Risk and Nutrient Intake Interactions on Obesity Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.","authors":"Guiomar Masip, Hannah Yang Han, Tongzhu Meng, Daiva E Nielsen","doi":"10.1111/obr.13941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diet is an important determinant of body weight and may modulate genetic susceptibility to obesity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence related to interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify observational studies that assessed interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity-related outcomes. Random effects meta-analyses were performed for pooled polygenic risk score (PRS)-total fat intake and PRS-protein intake interaction coefficients on body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six publications were retrieved with studies conducted among European, Asian, and African samples. Dietary fats (saturated fat, omega-3, and trans fat) and energy intake were most frequently reported to interact with PRS on obesity outcomes, but the total number of studies available was low. No significant interactions were identified in meta-analyses of PRS interactions with total fat intake and protein intake on BMI. Several studies were rated as low quality, heterogeneity was high, and although study samples were racially diverse, PRSs tended to be based on samples of European ancestry.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evidence of interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity outcomes is limited and inconsistent. Further research addressing limitations related to study quality and polygenic risk characterization is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13941"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural weight stigma in healthcare toward preconception, pregnant, and postpartum women: A systematic review.","authors":"Chloe Tran, Stephanie Pirotta, Haimanot Hailu, Pragya Kandel, Helen Skouteris, Briony Hill","doi":"10.1111/obr.13933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Structural weight stigma for reproductive-aged women can limit healthcare access and increase physical and mental health concerns, with adverse intergenerational outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence of structural weight stigma in healthcare and determine how that impacts the care for women across the preconception, pregnant, and postpartum periods.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The concepts of stigma, weight, healthcare, and women of reproductive age were combined and searched in five databases (Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL) and 12 gray literature sources. Inclusion criteria consisted of any peer-reviewed study or government policy that described a structural element within healthcare (e.g., guidelines, funding, insurance, equipment, physical environment) relevant to women of reproductive age (18-50 years) between 2001 and 2023. A narrative synthesis using a convergent approach was employed to analyze results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 studies were included in this review; 24 qualitative, 21 quantitative, 10 policies, 3 dissertations, and one mixed-method study. Structural weight stigma in healthcare presented across: 1) institutional policies that are weight-centric and often placed women in larger bodies on \"high-risk\" pathways; 2) the lack of government funding and insurance coverage for weight-related services; 3) uncertainty amongst healthcare professions regarding their roles and responsibilities, 4) stigmatizing physical environments; and 5) lack of appropriately sized equipment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Structural weight stigma impacting preconception, pregnant and postpartum women living in larger bodies was highly prevalent. Reducing structural weight stigma is important to improve healthcare access and improve the quality of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13933"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low- or No-Energy Sweeteners and Body Weight Management: Dissecting a \"Minor\" Effect.","authors":"France Bellisle","doi":"10.1111/obr.13937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonnutritive sweeteners were introduced on the market over a century ago to displace the calories of added sugars in foods and beverages and, therefore, facilitate weight loss. In spite of their widespread use, obesity has reached epidemic proportions. The present paper addresses this apparent paradox. Low- or no-energy sweeteners (LNES) are a small group of widely different substances that can be used to modify one single aspect of energy intake, i.e., consumption of added sugars. Their potential benefits for weight management can be predicted by energy balance equations. Decades of research confirm that LNES affect weight via a purely nutritional mechanism, in proportion of their actual displacement of sugar energy. LNES allow a substantial decrease in energy density of beverages (as opposed to solid foods) and can be maximally effective in consumers of sugar-containing drinks. Their average effect is robust but modest (1-2-kg weight loss) compared to comprehensive weight-loss programs (±5 kg), medication, or surgery (+10% of initial weight). Other benefits of LNES include sensory-specific satiety for sweet foods, improved diet adherence, and facilitation of weight-loss maintenance. Whether these effects are considered minor or major benefits in the present obesogenic context is a matter of individual definition.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13937"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review of Obesity Educational Interventions in Undergraduate and Postgraduate Medical Education.","authors":"Hafsa B Siddiqui, Gillian Nearing, Sophie M Regalado, Kerri Z Delaney, Erin Cameron","doi":"10.1111/obr.13938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A significant proportion of doctors feel they are not qualified or successful at treating obesity. Poor readiness to treat obesity may be due to the inconsistent quality of obesity education in Canadian medical schools. These inconsistencies highlight a need for evidence-based interventions that teach health professionals how to be confident in managing the various health and social complexities that accompany obesity. The objectives of this literature review were to (1) determine what educational interventions have been used to improve obesity training in medical education; (2) evaluate the best practices on designing obesity educational interventions; and (3) analyze whether the literature has any guidance on teaching obesity in a nonstigmatizing manner.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted searches in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), ERIC (EBSCOhost), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and Web of Science (Clarivate) for obesity-related health education interventions across various health disciplines. Our search strategy produced 30 full-text articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The included articles revealed a significant variance in educational interventions' goals, duration, and delivery methods. Undergraduate obesity education focuses more on knowledge of obesity, whereas postgraduate education focuses more on patient care. There is some evidence that interactive learning interventions have greater success in influencing student attitudes and practice behaviors towards obesity. While some interventions were able to positively affect explicit antifat stigma, only one of them had a positive effect on implicit biases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More research needs to be done to determine effective strategies for teaching obesity education.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13938"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Gestational Age in a Full Range With Childhood Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Scoping Review.","authors":"Yuantao Su, Marini Ahmad Suhaimi, Manish Prasad Gupta, Wenchong Du, Jing Hua","doi":"10.1111/obr.13939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Existing evidence shows inconsistent associations between preterm birth and childhood obesity. The impact of full gestational age on the risk of childhood obesity and overweight remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic scoping review aims to comprehensively explore the relationship between gestational age at birth across the entire spectrum and childhood overweight and obesity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A thorough search of online databases (PubMed, Ovid Medline, and Google Scholar) covering the period from January 2000 to September 2024 was conducted using selected keyword strings following the PRISMA-SCR guidelines. Studies investigating childhood overweight or obesity as either a primary or secondary outcome in association with various degrees of births were included.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Twenty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Substantial evidence linked preterm births to childhood overweight/obesity. However, the available evidence for term-born and post-term-born children was limited, showing mixed results regarding their relationship with childhood overweight and obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The available evidence regarding the association between different gestational age categories and childhood overweight/obesity is limited. This review underscores the importance of implementing primary prevention strategies during early childhood and highlights the need for further research to enhance our understanding of the nuanced relationship between gestational age and childhood overweight/obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13939"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacotherapies for Binge Eating Disorder: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Gabriel P A Costa, Beatriz R Assunção, Renata Belfort-DeAguiar, Julio C Nunes","doi":"10.1111/obr.13936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Binge eating disorder (BED) is a psychiatric diagnosis involving recurrent episodes of compulsive overeating followed by ensuing distress. Despite its significant impact on mental and physical health, pharmacological treatment options remain limited. We present the first network meta-analysis synthetizing evidence on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of pharmacological interventions for BED.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and LILACS was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials assessing pharmacological-only interventions for adults with BED. Outcomes included reduction in binge-eating episode frequency, changes from baseline in weight, BMI, and eating disorder scores, along with remission rates, medication discontinuation rates, and adverse events. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model was employed to estimate the overall effect size across studies. Heterogeneity was estimated using I², Tau-squared (τ²), and Cochrane's Q χ² tests. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 Tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among findings with high-certainty evidence, topiramate showed the greatest efficacy for reducing binge-eating episodes (mean difference [MD] = -1.72) and promoting remission (odds ratio [OR] = 3.99), followed by lisdexamfetamine (MD = -1.50; OR = 3.33) and dasotraline (MD = -0.97; OR = 1.97). Lisdexamfetamine had the highest odds of adverse events, including anxiety, insomnia, diarrhea, and headache. Most studies failed to use validated assessment instruments and inconsistently defined remission periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Topiramate, lisdexamfetamine, and dasotraline show significant potential in treating BED. However, the landscape of pharmacotherapy for BED lacks robust evidence and methodological standardization. Larger trials with expanded sample sizes and using validated scales are needed to guide clinical practice for this highly prevalent and damaging disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13936"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction Models for Maternal and Offspring Short- and Long-Term Outcomes Following Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Yasmina Al Ghadban, Nerys M Astbury, Abdallah Kurdi, Ankita Sharma, Beatrice Ope, Tzu-Ying Liu, Lucy MacKillop, Huiqi Y Lu, Jane E Hirst","doi":"10.1111/obr.13934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), affecting one in seven pregnant women worldwide, can have short- and long-term adverse outcomes for both the mother and her baby. Despite a raft of prognostic models aiming to predict adverse GDM outcomes, very few have impacted clinical practice. This systematic review summarizes and critically evaluates prediction models for GDM outcomes, to identify promising models for further evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and CENTRAL for studies that reported the development or validation of predictive models for GDM outcomes in mother or offspring (PROSPERO: CRD42023396697).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-four articles detailing 103 developed and 12 validated models were included in this review. Of these, 45% predicted long term, 31% birth, and 23% pregnancy outcomes. Most models (87%) had a high risk of bias, lacking sufficient outcome events, internal validation, or proper calibration. Only eight models were found at low risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight a gap in rigorously developed prediction models for adverse GDM outcomes. There is a need to further validate existing models and evaluate their clinical utility to generate risk prediction tools capable of improving clinical decision-making for women with GDM and their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13934"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Emotional Processing in Obesity: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/obr.13935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13935","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13935"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of the relationship between portion size and indexes of adiposity in children.","authors":"Anca T Dobrescu, Alice Porter, Danielle Ferriday, Peter J Rogers","doi":"10.1111/obr.13928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research suggests that larger food portion sizes (PS) during a meal or snack increase daily energy intake in children. However, it remains unclear whether this 'PS effect' would lead to a sustained increase in consumption and affect body adiposity. This systematic review assesses the evidence for a relationship between served, consumed, and preferred PS (food or drink size in grams or kcal) and indexes of adiposity (e.g., BMI percentile, BMI z-scores) in children (< 19 years). A total of 17 articles were identified using six electronic databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global). Articles were screened independently by 2 researchers; 21 studies were included (15 cross-sectional, 2 experimental, 1 case study, 1 longitudinal, and two interventions). A narrative review was conducted due to high levels of heterogeneity. Cross-sectional and experimental studies (n = 13) reported positive associations between PS and adiposity, but results differed according to the sex/gender of the participants and food type. Interventions (n = 2) showed that portion size reduction may be effective in reducing child adiposity. Due to the limited evidence on the causality and direction of the effect, and over-reliance on cross-sectional studies, more evidence on the longer-term impact of PS on indexes of body adiposity is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13928"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overweight and obesity in preschoolers: Overview of current treatment options.","authors":"Serafien Depoorter, Willem Staels, Elise Nauwynck, Jesse Vanbesien, Jean De Schepper, Inge Gies","doi":"10.1111/obr.13931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overweight and obesity present a burgeoning global health concern affecting both children and adults. Of particular alarm is the escalating prevalence among preschool-aged children, associated with a five-fold increased risk of persistent obesity and its attendant comorbidities in adulthood. Urgent intervention is thus imperative. Nevertheless, knowledge concerning treatment options for preschoolers remains limited. This study aims to provide a narrative overview of extant and potential treatment modalities for early childhood obesity. A review of randomized controlled trials and clinical studies emphasizes the crucial role of parents in the treatment paradigm. Several studies have delved into parent-support treatment programs, revealing a statistically significant reduction in body mass index (BMI) compared to conventional interventions. Notably, implementing a digital support system offering personalized data and feedback for home-based therapy has yielded a statistically significant decrease in BMI among preschoolers, suggesting its efficacy in fostering sustained therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13931"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}