Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Relationship of fat in the pancreas with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yingxin Zhang, Yutong Liu, Maxim S Petrov","doi":"10.1111/obr.13914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>General adiposity is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. By contrast, the interconnection between high intra-pancreatic fat deposition and cardiovascular disease has been scantily investigated. This field-wide systematic review aimed to map the available evidence on cardiovascular disease according to the fat content of the pancreas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search using two electronic databases (MEDLINE and Embase) was conducted independently by two reviewers. Studies reporting on the association between intra-pancreatic fat deposition and cardiovascular disease in humans were included. Where meta-analysis was possible, data were pooled using a random-effects method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16 studies published between 1966 and 2024 were included. The most credible findings across domains of heart diseases, diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries, as well as subclinical atherosclerosis provided supportive evidence of a positive relationship between high intra-pancreatic fat deposition and cardiovascular disease. Meta-analysis showed that high intra-pancreatic fat deposition was significantly associated with increased aortic intima-media thickness (mean difference: 0.19 mm; 95% confidence interval: 0.12-0.26; p < 0.001), increased carotid intima-media thickness (mean difference: 0.06 mm; 95% confidence interval: 0.03-0.08; p < 0.001), and increased vascular stiffness (mean difference: 167 cm/s; 95% confidence interval: 81-254; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The accumulated evidence from more than 7000 people demonstrates a tangible connection of intra-pancreatic fat deposition with cardiovascular disease (especially, subclinical atherosclerosis). Purposely designed investigations of high intra-pancreatic fat deposition as an additional risk factor (independent of general adiposity) for cardiovascular disease are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13914"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of school food policies for secondary schools in Europe: Results for health, acceptance, and affordability from a scoping review.","authors":"Nadia Blecha, Janina Meuer, Wiebke Hübner, Lara Christianson, Maike Wolters, Heide Busse, Antje Hebestreit, Sarah Forberger","doi":"10.1111/obr.13911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>All European Union (EU) countries have established national school food policies. However, evaluations of those policies for secondary schools remain limited. This scoping review aims to synthesize the evidence of school food policies in secondary schools on child health, acceptance, and affordability in the EU, UK, Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The scoping review adheres to the PRISMA-ScR guideline. Searches were conducted in four databases from 2000 to September 2023 without language and methods restrictions following a published protocol. After a two-stage screening process, reviewers extracted data using a standardized and predefined coding scheme.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search identified 185 records with N = 10 articles meeting the inclusion criteria (n = 7 UK, n = 1 each in Norway, Sweden, and Portugal). Among the included articles, n = 7 addressed school meal acceptance, n = 6 addressed health impacts, and n = 3 addressed affordability. Findings indicate low acceptance rates of school meals. Results of several studies showed that the reformulated menus did not meet nutritional standards and were not accepted because of taste, quality, and pupils' different food preferences. Affordability was reported as a barrier across the three articles addressing this topic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The existing literature highlights challenges in interpreting the impact of school food policies on health, acceptance, and affordability. Further research is needed to strengthen the methodological approaches and increase the evidence to inform policy development and implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13911"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital health interventions to treat overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: An umbrella review.","authors":"Tone Nygaard Flølo, Christine Tørris, Kirsti Riiser, Kari Almendingen, Han Shi Jocelyn Chew, Alexander Fosså, Elena Albertini Früh, Erin Hennessy, May May Leung, Nina Misvær, Nenad Pavel, Turid Kristin Bigum Sundar, Toril Margaret Sæterstrand, Astrid Torbjørnsen, Borghild Løyland, Heidi Holmen","doi":"10.1111/obr.13905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digital health interventions can support the treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, yet primary research and systematic reviews leave uncertain evidence. In this umbrella review of reviews and meta-analyses, we methodologically appraise and investigate the effects of digital health interventions used to manage overweight and obesity in children. Systematic searches were conducted in July 2023 in Medline (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Cochrane, EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Epistemonikos and Web of Science (Core Collection). Reports on experiences and/or effectiveness of digital health interventions aimed at treating children with overweight or obesity aged 0 to 19 years and/or their parents were eligible for inclusion. Screening, data extraction, and methodological appraisal were conducted in blinded pairs of researchers. In total, the searches identified 2927 citations, of which 16 reviews and 10 meta-analyses, reporting on 162 distinct primary studies, were included. Effects on anthropometric measures of all digital health interventions were small when analyzing BMI and BMI-z-scores combined. Future research should strive to conduct more homogeneous and solid research, employing robust designs, standardized outcomes, and a longer follow-up time. Designing digital health interventions for the future should to a larger extent include end-users to ensure usability and relevance for the population, adding significance to the interventions that are evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13905"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the perceptions of Chinese adults toward overweight and obesity: A systematic literature review.","authors":"Yixi Wang-Chen, Hui Yang, Nicole J Kellow, Tammie S T Choi","doi":"10.1111/obr.13913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence of obesity among the Chinese population has increased more than three-fold over the last twenty years. It is crucial to understand Chinese people's perceptions toward obesity to inform effective weight management initiatives. This bilingual systematic review aimed to synthesize the existing literature regarding the perceptions of Chinese adults toward overweight and obesity and provide insight on methodological implications and future research directions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Six databases were searched from inception to 8th January 2025. Studies were included if they were published in English or Chinese, investigated perceptions toward overweight and obesity, and focused on Chinese adults living in or outside of Mainland China. Thematic synthesis was employed for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-three studies (24 in English, 29 in Chinese) were included, involving 83,688 participants. Three themes were identified; (1) Chinese adults connected obesity with appearance more than with health, (2) Chinese adults lacked practical knowledge to manage obesity, and (3) living with obesity was perceived as a solitary journey.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most studies were conducted on Chinese people within the healthy weight range, who predominantly focused on appearance-oriented weight perception. There was a strong motivation for weight control, but a lack of practical weight loss strategies among Chinese adults.</p><p><strong>Practitioner applications: </strong>The lack of practical weight management knowledge and weight loss failures lead to low self-efficacy, which may be mistaken as low motivation for weight management among Chinese adults. However, Chinese adults generally have the motivation to control their weight. It is important to empower Chinese people living with overweight or obesity with practical skills and increase self-efficacy through a multidisciplinary and affordable approach. The psychological burden caused by obesity stigma and the influence of Chinese culture makes the weight management journey lonely and challenging for Chinese adults living with overweight and obesity. Practitioners may need to openly address these issues and help reduce the mental burden toward more effective weight loss interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13913"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking and changes in the clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, and sleep across childhood and adolescence: A systematic review.","authors":"Finn Blyth, Emma Haycraft, Africa Peral-Suarez, Natalie Pearson","doi":"10.1111/obr.13909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clusters of health behaviors (e.g. physical activity/sedentary behavior/diet/sleep) can exert synergistic influences on health outcomes, such as obesity. Understanding how clusters of health behaviors change throughout childhood and adolescence is essential for developing interventions aimed at uncoupling unhealthy behaviors. This review synthesizes prospective studies examining changes in clusters of physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, and sleep through childhood and adolescence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic searches (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus) identified prospective studies, published in English up to/including January 2024, of children/adolescents (0-19 years) which used data-driven methods to identify clusters of 2/more behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behaviors, diet, sleep) at multiple timepoints. A narrative synthesis was conducted due to methodological heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen studies reporting data from 26,772 individual participants were included. Eleven studies determined clusters at each timepoint (i.e. identified clusters at T1 and T2, respectively), while seven determined clusters longitudinally using behavioral data across multiple timepoints. Among studies that identified clusters at each timepoint, participants commonly transitioned to similarly characterized clusters between timepoints. Where cluster tracking was examined, 64% of clusters had stable transition probabilities of 60-100%. The most prevalent longitudinal cluster trajectories were characterized by co-occurring healthy behaviors which remained stable. Remaining within unhealthy clusters at multiple timepoints was associated with higher markers of adiposity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>'Healthy' and 'unhealthy' clusters remained highly stable over time, suggesting behavioral patterns developed early can become entrenched and resistant to change. Interventions focused on instilling healthy behaviors early are required to provide a strong foundation for behavioral stability throughout life.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13909"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight gain, obesity, and the impact of lifestyle factors among people living with HIV: A systematic review.","authors":"Giulia Gilberti, Giorgio Tiecco, Silvia Marconi, Monica Marullo, Barbara Zanini, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan","doi":"10.1111/obr.13908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV remains a significant health concern, but the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed it into a manageable chronic condition. However, weight gain and obesity pose a substantial challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH). Moreover, the role of lifestyle has not yet been comprehensively investigated. This review aims to provide an updated perspective on the role of lifestyle factors in weight gain and obesity among PLWH. A systematic search was conducted on Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov according to PRISMA guidelines. Overall, 378 articles were identified, of which 22 studies met the inclusion criteria. No article comprehensively addressed all lifestyle factors, and only 8 (36.4%) evaluated 3 or more factors. Addictions (72.7%), food (34.4%), and physical activity (31.8%) were the most analyzed aspects. An absence of concordance was identified among the articles concerning the timing of assessments, methodologies employed in surveys, and the operational definitions utilized for \"weight gain,\" \"overweight,\" and \"obesity.\" Weight gain in PLWH represents a complex phenomenon necessitating a holistic approach to promote well-being in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13908"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight loss and asthma control: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi, George Doumat, Isis F Baroni, Carlos A Camargo","doi":"10.1111/obr.13907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the possible role of weight loss on asthma control, quality of life (QOL), and clinical outcomes among patients with asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, and OVID Medline for randomized controlled human trials that examined the effects of weight loss on asthma control, QOL, and spirometry results, from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2023. Twelve eligible studies (total n = 1052 participants) were included. Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the effect size. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression approaches were performed to reveal possible sources of heterogeneity. Fractional polynomial modeling was performed to assess non-linear associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weight loss reduced ACQ score (WMD -0.67 [95%CIs - 1.20, -0.13], P = 0.02; I² 91.3%, P < 0.001), and improved forced expiratory volume percent predicted (FEV)1_pp (WMD 13.08 [95%CIs 2.42, 23.73], P = 0.02; I² 94.1%, P < 0.001) among patients with asthma. In a dose-response analysis, a significant non-linear association was reported between change in weight and changes in FEV1_pp (P_{non-linearity} = 0.01). The effects of weight loss on QOL (WMD 0.53 [-0.38, 1.44], P = 0.25; I² 95.6%, P < 0.001) and forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC _pp, WMD 4.90 [-3.22, 13.02], P = 0.24; I² 91.4%, P < 0.001) were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Weight loss improves asthma control and FEV1_pp among patients with asthma in a two-class meta-analysis. Because of the relatively low number of well-designed clinical trials (n = 12), further trials are needed to better define the beneficial effects of weight loss on asthma control.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13907"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of overweight and obesity in incarcerated individuals in developed and developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Leonida Nyarwaba Mosomi, Magaly Aceves-Martins, Alexandra M Johnstone, Baukje de Roos","doi":"10.1111/obr.13906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We systematically assessed evidence of overweight and obesity prevalence, and possible determinants, in people who experience incarceration globally. We searched Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases. Overweight and obesity proportions were pooled into a meta-analysis and compared with national prevalences. Seventy-one studies met the inclusion criteria; 38 were included in the meta-analysis. Studies in high-income countries reported higher proportions of overweight and obesity (73.3%, 95% CI 73.1, 73.5) than upper-middle-income countries (66.1%, 95% CI 64.1, 67.7) and lower-middle-income countries (52.8%, 95% CI 47.1, 58.1). The prevalence of overweight and obesity in female incarcerated individuals was higher than that in the general population (RD 11.7%, 95% CI 9.1, 14.3), especially in low and middle-income countries (RD 35.1%, 95% CI 29.4, 40.7). The prevalence of overweight and obesity in male incarcerated individuals was lower than that in the general population in all income categories (RD -10.8%, 95% CI -13.2, -8.4). Incarcerated individuals in low and lower-middle-income countries were less likely to achieve sufficient energy intake, fruit/vegetable intake, and sufficient physical activity, compared with high- and upper-middle-income countries. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in incarcerated populations differed between developed and developing countries. Future research should focus on female incarcerated individuals, especially in lower-middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13906"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health literacy and obesity: A systematic scoping review.","authors":"Ashleigh Upton, Dean Spirou, Matthew Craig, Natalie Saul, Olivia Winmill, Phillipa Hay, Jayanthi Raman","doi":"10.1111/obr.13904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a preventable global health epidemic that has serious health consequences. Health literacy has been identified as an underlying and modifiable factor in the development and maintenance of obesity. Adequate levels of health literacy have been shown to significantly impact on weight loss, weight loss maintenance, and associated health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the current study was to systematically review extant literature to evaluate the way in which health literacy is measured for individuals with obesity and to identify the key areas of health literacy that are commonly assessed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This systematic scoping review was conducted over five databases and yielded 12 papers (N_participants = 15,393) that represented our search strategy and inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review highlighted there are currently multiple measures that exist that assess independent or dual domains of health literacy; however, there were no studies that specifically utilized a measure that holistically assessed the three maintaining and modifiable domains of health literacy of obesity (psychological knowledge, nutritional knowledge, and knowledge about physical activity).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the dearth of targeted health literacy measures for obesity, our findings highlighted a critical need to develop a distinct measure of health literacy for obesity to guide policy, research, education, and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13904"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monosodium glutamate: A hidden risk factor for obesity?","authors":"Ka Kahe, Blandine Laferrère, Francisco X Castellanos, Yijia Zhang, Dariush Mozaffarian","doi":"10.1111/obr.13903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has become one of the most widely used food additives in the global food supply. Although it has been classified for decades as a food ingredient that is generally recognized as safe, concerns about the health impacts of chronic MSG use, especially its potential effect on weight, are still ongoing. This comprehensive review summarizes the available human and animal evidence, highlighting potential mechanisms linking MSG use to weight gain or obesity, and discusses challenges and future research directions. Because of MSG intake worldwide as well as hidden MSG in food labeling, there is a pressing need for a mechanistic understanding of the health impacts of MSG use especially on weight. To generate robust scientific evidence and to clarify public concerns, rigorous mechanistic studies and randomized controlled clinical trials are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13903"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}