Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Associations Between Weight Loss Prior to Knee and Hip Arthroplasty and Peri- and Post-Operative Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Moneet Gill,&nbsp;Tim Lindsay,&nbsp;Daniel Kevin Llanera,&nbsp;Tricia M.-M. Tan,&nbsp;Alex Liddle,&nbsp;Chioma Izzi-Engbeaya","doi":"10.1111/obr.70160","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In some of the existing literature, obesity is associated with increased complications in those who undergo lower limb arthroplasty. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess if pre-arthroplasty weight loss mitigates increased post-operative risks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023431110). Key terms were utilized to search PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Europe PMC. Peer-reviewed articles published between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2024, were screened. Studies that reported specific outcomes (superficial wound infection, deep wound infection, pulmonary embolus [PE], deep vein thrombosis [DVT], and revision surgery) in an intervention group (patients with a BMI &gt; 30 kg/m² who underwent pre-arthroplasty weight loss) and a control group (patients who underwent arthroplasty without preceding weight loss) 90 days post-arthroplasty were selected and data were extracted from studies meeting these inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using a random effects model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-one articles were included in the meta-analysis. In people with obesity, pre-arthroplasty weight loss was associated with an increased risk of revision surgery in the first 90 days following lower limb arthroplasty (OR 1.37 [1.01–1.84], <i>p</i> = 0.04). Weight loss did not alter the risk of post-operative DVT, PE, superficial wound infections, and deep wound infections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results demonstrate that pre-arthroplasty weight loss does not improve short-term post-operative outcomes in people with obesity. Large, well-designed prospective studies should be performed to provide robust data for the development of evidence-based guidelines for lower limb arthroplasty in people living with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147925081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in Obesity Treatment: Beyond Adipose Tissue Dysfunction","authors":"Jesica Martínez-Godfrey,&nbsp;Irene Pomares-Bri,&nbsp;Paula de Juan-Maciá,&nbsp;Mariló Olivares-Vicente,&nbsp;Enrique Barrajón-Catalán,&nbsp;Vicente Micol,&nbsp;Enrique Roche,&nbsp;María Herranz-López","doi":"10.1111/obr.70164","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Obesity, a chronic disease characterized by excessive adipose tissue accumulation, represents a critical global health challenge with profound metabolic, inflammatory, and oncogenic implications. To provide a multidisciplinary perspective, this narrative review integrates current literature examining metabolic, immunological, and oncological evidence to outline obesity as a multisystem disorder. Chronic inflammation is examined as a central mediator linking excessive adiposity to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cancer development, specifically detailing how adipose tissue dysfunction, altered adipokine profiles, and immune cell infiltration drive systemic pathogenesis. Emerging insights into the molecular mechanisms of tumor progression in a metabolically altered environment are highlighted, emphasizing the roles of hyperinsulinemia and dysregulated adipokines like leptin and adiponectin. In addition, the review explores innovative therapeutic strategies for obesity-related cancer, including the use of metformin and therapies targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor pathways. It also discusses the therapeutic promise of white adipose tissue browning through inductors such as menthol and capsinoids to enhance metabolic homeostasis. Furthermore, hormonal and neural dysregulation of appetite control are addressed. Novel pharmacological treatments targeting appetite, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists, as well as neuromodulation techniques are discussed as promising avenues for personalized and effective interventions. This comprehensive understanding of obesity's complex nature is crucial for developing novel, integrated approaches to complement traditional diet and exercise strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147961609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Weight Loss: Obesogenic Memory as Biological Hysteresis in Adipose Tissue Revealed by AI Semantic Mapping With an Exportable Core Corpus","authors":"Salvatore Corrao,&nbsp;Dario Tuccinardi,&nbsp;Roberto Baratta","doi":"10.1111/obr.70155","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is commonly viewed as a reversible condition primarily driven by excess body weight. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that adipose tissue may undergo persistent immunometabolic and structural alterations that do not fully revert after weight loss, raising the hypothesis of a durable biological imprint that could hinder long-term remission. Whether such persistence is consistently reflected across the biomedical literature remains uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed an AI-driven semantic analysis of a construct-anchored corpus of obesity-related publications retrieved from PubMed and Scopus using transformer-based biomedical embeddings (PubMedBERT). Unsupervised density-based clustering (HDBSCAN) identified coherent semantic regions, and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) enabled visualization. Core macro-domains were selected using predefined quantitative criteria (cluster stability, temporal persistence, and semantic coherence) and independently evaluated by two blinded experts. Interpretability was assessed through stratified human validation, quantifying inter-rater agreement (Cohen's <i>κ</i>) and AI label acceptance rates. An exportable curated core corpus of mapped publications was generated to support downstream focused screening and structured synthesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three mutually exclusive yet highly coherent macro-domains emerged: (1) inflammatory adipose biology, (2) adipose remodeling and chronic dysfunction, and (3) stress-triggered immune persistence. Despite document-level exclusivity, these domains showed exceptionally high semantic similarity (pairwise cosine similarity &gt; 0.97), indicating a shared conceptual core.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The semantic architecture of the corpus is consistent with obesogenic memory conceptualized as biological hysteresis in adipose tissue, although not constituting mechanistic proof. The curated corpus provides a structured foundation for subsequent conventional evidence synthesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Probiotic and Symbiotic Supplementation on Lipid Parameters in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Marcelli de Oliveira Rocha,&nbsp;Gabriel Messenburger,&nbsp;Fernanda Ferreira Nuñez,&nbsp;Isadora Bartz Lindenau,&nbsp;Simone Pieniz","doi":"10.1111/obr.70158","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic and symbiotic supplementation on lipid parameters in individuals with overweight and obesity to elucidate the aspects involved in this topic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct electronic databases were systematically searched for RCTs up to April 2023. The risk of bias was evaluated using the updated version of the Cochrane tool for assessing bias risk in randomized trials (RoB 2). The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. The review was registered in PROSPERO under the number: CRD42023442133.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 1363 articles identified in the search, 28 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Data analysis showed a significant effect of probiotics and symbiotics in reducing total cholesterol (MD = −0.09 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.16, −0.03), LDL (MD = −0.06 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.12, −0.01), and triglycerides (MD = −0.05 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.10, −0.01) levels, but no significant effect on HDL (MD = 0.01 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.01, 0.03) levels compared to the control group. In subgroup analyses, symbiotics showed a greater reduction in total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis suggests that probiotic and symbiotic supplementation can reduce total cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels in individuals with overweight or obesity, with a greater effect observed for symbiotic supplementation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindful and Intuitive Eating: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends From 2004 to 2024","authors":"Mengying Zhang,&nbsp;Angeliki Bogossian,&nbsp;Emma Stanmore,&nbsp;Trudi Edginton,&nbsp;Siobhán O′Connor","doi":"10.1111/obr.70165","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excessive body weight and problematic eating behaviors are major public health concerns. Mindful eating and intuitive eating offer alternative approaches to dieting by encouraging individuals to focus on internal hunger and satiety cues. This bibliometric review aimed to analyze research trends related to mindful and intuitive eating.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched Scopus to identify relevant research from 2004 to 2024, with titles and abstracts screened for relevancy. We used VOSviewer and Bibliometrix to extract data and produce bibliometric analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research (<i>n</i> = 1064) on mindful and intuitive eating increased most years, with 2023 (<i>n</i> = 143, 13.44%) and 2024 (<i>n</i> = 146, 13.72%) producing most articles, and a total citation count of 32,245 over the period. The United States (<i>n</i> = 497) and United Kingdom (<i>n</i> = 131) produced the most scientific articles, while leading researchers were Mantzios, M. (<i>n</i> = 26) and Tylka, T. L. (<i>n</i> = 25). The most cited articles focused on mindfulness or meditation-based therapies in managing psychological stress and the influence of taste on food choices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights a growing interest in mindful and intuitive eating, particularly with psychological and clinical applications, and emphasizes the need for stronger interdisciplinary research and international collaboration to guide future research and support the development of more culturally informed interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147979742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Men's Representation in Behavioral Weight Loss Trials: A Systematic Review","authors":"Casey P. Regan,&nbsp;Philip J. Morgan,&nbsp;Stephanie L. Hardacre,&nbsp;Levi Wade,&nbsp;Sherry L. Pagoto,&nbsp;Kate Hunt,&nbsp;James M. Knox,&nbsp;Ryan J. Drew,&nbsp;Myles D. Young","doi":"10.1111/obr.70170","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Historically, men have been underrepresented in behavioral weight loss intervention research, despite facing higher risks for obesity-related diseases. Understanding this underrepresentation is critical for designing weight loss interventions that are both inclusive and effective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary aim of this systematic review is to (1) examine the proportion of men participating in behavioral weight loss trials. Secondary research questions include (2) how often men are targeted as the primary population; (3) whether certain trial characteristics are associated with higher or lower male participation; and (4) in trials where men are underrepresented (&lt; 40% of participants), how often researchers acknowledge this limitation or discuss implications for generalizability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search of SCOPUS, CENTRAL, and MEDLINE was conducted for randomized trials published in English between January 2010 and December 2022. Eligible studies recruited adults (≥ 18 years) into behavioral weight loss interventions using a randomized controlled design. Study characteristics associated with men's participation were examined using <i>t</i>-tests and ANOVAs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 57,497 participants across 257 trials, only 30% were men. Overall, 21% of studies recruited women only (<i>n</i> = 54) compared to 5% that recruited men only (<i>n</i> = 14). Men's participation was higher in trials targeting adults with a co-occurring physical condition (36% vs. 28%). Of 189 trials recruiting both men and women, 76% recruited &lt; 40% men, but only one-third of these papers acknowledged this as a limitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Men remain underrepresented in behavioral weight loss trials. To overcome this, strategies to improve men's uptake of existing interventions are needed, alongside the development of codesigned gender-tailored approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Driven Personalized Recommendations and Real-Time Monitoring for the Prevention and Management of Obesity: Clinical Trial Protocol for the Multicentre BETTER4All Personalized Intervention.","authors":"Eva Karaglani, Christina Patmiou, Paris Kantaras, Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati, Maria Kafyra, Vasiliki Vavouraki, Marta Gaspar, Ana Rito, Louise Seconda, Anestis Dougkas, Julie-Anne Nazare, Anna Ek, Ioannis Ioakeimidis, Alexis Kyriacou, Panagiota Veloudi, Constantinos Deltas, Vanessa Bullon-Vela, Maira Bes-Rastrollo, Paulina Krzywicka, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Dimitrios Aletras, Chrysa Episkopou, Anastasios Delopoulos, Gianna Karanasiou, Vera Stavroulaki, Rooholla Poursoleymani, Ioannis Papathanail, Stavroula Georgia Mougiakakou, Ioannis Roumeliotis, Aristotelis Ballas, Christos Diou, George Dedoussis, Yannis Manios","doi":"10.1111/obr.70243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity arises from complex interactions among genetic, biological, behavioral, and environmental factors. Traditional \"one-size-fits-all\" interventions often yield modest, short-term outcomes, failing to account inter-individual variability. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), polygenic risk scores (PRS), and digital health technologies now enable personalized and adaptive lifestyle interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper presents the design and evaluation framework of the BETTER4All personalized intervention, a multicentre randomized controlled trial within the EU-funded BETTER4U project. The trial aims to integrate biological and behavioral data into tailored obesity prevention and management strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The BETTER4All trial will be conducted across seven European countries, targeting 1022 adults with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m². Participants will be randomized to an intervention group receiving AI and PRS-based lifestyle recommendations via a smartphone application, wearable device, and structured counseling, or to a control group receiving standard hypocaloric diet and lifestyle advice. The primary outcome is change in BMI at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include weight-loss maintenance at 1 year, metabolomic and gut microbiota biomarkers, lifestyle behaviors, and psychosocial parameters. Process evaluation incorporates measures of fidelity, acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness, alongside adherence metrics from the digital tools.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The BETTER4All trial will provide evidence on the effectiveness and scalability of AI-driven, biologically informed personalization in obesity care, offering a methodological framework for integrating multimodal digital data, from omics and biomarkers to behavior and lifestyle, contributing to the advancement of precision public health strategies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06997510.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149284281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Exercise Training for Liver Enzymes and Liver Fat in Adults With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multilevel Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Dashuai Li, Yaochi Cui, Zan Li","doi":"10.1111/obr.70250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to quantify long-term exercise effects on liver enzymes and liver fat content in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and explore dose-response patterns and modifiers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four databases were searched through May 28, 2026. Three-level random-effects models accounted for dependent effect sizes and were supplemented by sampling variance-covariance models that explicitly addressed correlations arising from shared comparator groups. CR2 cluster-robust variance estimation was additionally used for small-sample robust inference. Robustness was further examined using influence, sensitivity, publication-bias, and trim-and-fill analyses. Subgroup, meta-regression, dose-response, and XGBoost-SHAP analyses were conducted. Risk of bias and certainty were assessed using RoB 2 and GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen randomized controlled trials were included. Exercise was associated with lower ALT (MD = -6.01, 95% CI -11.88 to -0.15; p = 0.045) and liver fat content (SMD = -0.47, 95% CI -0.66 to -0.27; p < 0.001), whereas AST was not significant. After CR2 correction, liver fat remained significant, but ALT did not. Exploratory analyses suggested possible heterogeneity related to exercise frequency, intervention duration, age, and participant type, but these findings were limited by the small number of studies and multiple comparisons. A favorable cumulative dose near 16 h was near the data boundary, not a prescription target.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term exercise was associated with lower liver fat content in adults with NAFLD. ALT reduction remains possible but uncertain; AST evidence is insufficient, and dose-response findings require confirmation.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149260141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cancer Risk in Obesity Treatment.","authors":"Lorne J Hofseth, E Angela Murphy, Mary C Playdon, Liza Makowski, Anna R Ibele, Ciaran M Fairman, James R Hebert","doi":"10.1111/obr.70247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a well-established risk factor for numerous cancers, with body habitus, especially central adiposity, contributing to increased cancer incidence and worse prognosis. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), initially developed to treat Type 2 diabetes, have rapidly gained prominence as powerful anti-obesity agents due to their ability to induce significant weight loss and potential to improve metabolic health. These medications act by reducing appetite, enhancing insulin sensitivity, lowering systemic inflammation, and preferentially targeting fat mass for reduction. This review explores the growing body of evidence linking GLP-1 RA therapy to potential changes in cancer risk among individuals with obesity. To date, data suggest that GLP-1 RAs do not increase overall cancer risk and may reduce the risk of certain obesity-related cancers, likely by interrupting obesity-driven metabolic dysregulation. Still, questions remain about the beneficial effects of weight loss and the sustainability of health benefits if weight is regained after stopping treatment. We examine how GLP-1 RAs' anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects might mediate reductions in cancer risk, review emerging data regarding both protective signals and specific safety concerns (e.g., increased risk of medullary thyroid carcinoma), and emphasize the critical role of combining pharmacotherapy with lifestyle interventions to maintain muscle mass and long-term weight loss. Ultimately, given the strong link between obesity and cancer, GLP-1 RAs represent a promising new class of agents that may not only help to manage obesity but also serve as effective chemopreventive tools against obesity-associated cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149236372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of GLP-1-Based Pharmacotherapies on Eating Behavior, Appetite, and Energy Intake in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Clarissa Dakin, Jordan D Beaumont, Beverley O Hara","doi":"10.1111/obr.70245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although GLP-1-based pharmacotherapies achieve clinically significant weight loss, their influence on eating behavior is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review examined the effects of GLP-1-based pharmacotherapies on eating behavior, appetite, and energy intake in adults (≥ 18 years) with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) without major comorbidities. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched on 4^th November 2025. Risk of bias was assessed, and meta-analyses were conducted for energy intake and overall appetite suppression, with other outcomes synthesized qualitatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five articles involving 4060 participants were included (64% female, mean age = 44 years, mean BMI = 36.7 kg/m²). Four studies were deemed low risk of bias. A reduction in energy intake was observed (SMD = -0.775, 95% CI = -1.21 to -0.34, p = 0.002), although heterogeneity was high (I² = 82.7%) and the prediction interval included no effect. A small increase in appetite suppression was also observed (MD = 7.800, 95% CI = 3.74 to 11.86, p = 0.001). Qualitative findings suggested reductions in food craving and some measures of food reward. Nausea was more frequent with active treatment and may have influenced the observed effects or increased awareness of treatment allocation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GLP-1-based pharmacotherapies may reduce short-term energy intake and appetite. However, the magnitude and consistency of these effects remain uncertain because of substantial heterogeneity, imputation of variance data, and variability in outcome assessment. Evidence relating to food craving, food preferences and other eating behaviors requires further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e70245"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149222894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}