Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Partnerships With Commercial Actors to Improve Food Environments: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Laurence Blanchard, Gemma Bridge, Julia Bidonde, Matt Egan, Harry Rutter, Mark Petticrew, Patricia J Lucas, Monique Potvin Kent, Claire Bennet, Stephanie Ray, Cherry Law, Cécile Knai","doi":"10.1111/obr.13952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Partnerships with commercial actors have been proposed as a policy approach to create healthier food environments. We conducted a systematic review to assess their effectiveness for improving food environments and population health at state, national, or international levels. We searched in 14 databases and two websites for real-world evaluations published between 2010 and 2020. Study quality was appraised using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data were synthesized narratively by outcome (human, food environment, policy content, and implementation progress), considering their effect direction. Seventeen studies reporting on seven PPPs in four countries were included. Most studies (n = 14) involved food reformulation, especially salt reduction. Three focused on specific settings (the eating out-of-home sector, schools, and convenience stores). There was mixed evidence that partnerships make people buy fewer calories or more school meals (n = 3 studies) or reduce product sodium content (n = 6). Some positive effects were described in one uncontrolled study each for decreasing trans-fatty acid intake and for making healthier options more available in school cafeterias, but these studies had important limitations. Five document analyses highlighted shortcomings in the partnerships, including their limited scope, failure to add value to ongoing actions, varying participation levels, and lack of implementation, monitoring, and reporting. Alternative policy approaches should be considered. This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO as CRD42020170963.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13952"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenic Obesity in Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Flavio T Vieira, Carla M Prado, Jessica Thorlakson, Carlene Johnson Stoklossa, Jennifer Jin, Lorenzo M Donini, Leah Gramlich, Barbara Bielawska","doi":"10.1111/obr.13973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO), characterized by the coexistence of excess adiposity and low muscle mass and function, may be increased in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS). There is a possibility of SO development after surgery, but also aggravation of pre-existing SO, a hidden condition associated with poor health-related outcomes. This scoping review synthesizes existing literature on SO in MBS, with a thorough discussion of diagnostic criteria and assessment methods, investigation of SO prevalence (presurgery and postsurgery), incidence postsurgery, and impact on clinical outcomes. SO prevalence in MBS is highly heterogeneous, depending on the applied diagnostic criteria and body composition/physical function assessments. Following appropriate diagnostic criteria, one of four individuals both before and post-MBS seems to have SO, thus requiring targeted interventions. SO may be associated with lower weight loss and quality of life, increased risk of gastric leak, prolonged operation time, and hospital stay. Increased awareness of postsurgery SO is recommended, especially with aging. Standardization of SO diagnosis is urgently needed to improve identification and enable comparisons among studies and associations with clinical outcomes. This is important for developing effective policies, guidelines, and interventions to better address and manage this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13973"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgery and Minimally Invasive Devices for the Treatment of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Francesco Maria Carrano, Eleonora Allocati, Rita Banzi, Eugenia Romano, Valeria Calcaterra, Giacomo Piatto, Alberto Sartori, Marco Inama, Maurizio De Luca, Nicola Di Lorenzo, Chiara Gerardi","doi":"10.1111/obr.13974","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.13974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood obesity is a global health challenge linked to metabolic, cardiovascular, and psychosocial complications. While lifestyle interventions represent the key strategy for obesity management, metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has emerged as a therapeutic option for severe obesity. This systematic review with meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness and safety of MBS and weight management devices in children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included randomized and prospective controlled cohort studies assessing MBS or weight management devices in children and adolescents with obesity, searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry through January 2025. Critical outcomes included body mass index (BMI) and weight reduction, adverse events, and incidence or severity of obesity-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies (three RCTs and four non-RCTs), all involving adolescents undergoing MBS, were included. No studies evaluated children or devices. Meta-analysis showed that compared with lifestyle intervention, MBS reduced BMI by 11.7 kg/m² (95% CI: -13.2 to -10.1; two RCTs, n = 100) and 14.5 kg/m² (95% CI: -15.7 to -13.3; three non-RCTs, n = 307), and weight by 20.9% (95% CI: -23.6 to -18.1; three RCTs, n = 152) and 31.2% (95% CI: -34.3 to -28.0; two non-RCTs, n = 173). Certainty of evidence was low. One non-RCT comparing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy found similar outcomes. Both RCTs and non-RCTs reported improvements in obesity-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although MBS leads to substantial weight loss and health benefits in adolescents, the risk of complications underscores the need for careful patient selection, surgical expertise, and comprehensive postoperative care.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration: CRD42023438469.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13974"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric and Cognitive Functioning After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Emma A van Reekum, Michael Darcy, Jaslyn Drage, Joshua Xu, Kimberly Ng, Benjamin Forestell, Nancy Santesso, Raed A Joundi, Jorge Wong, Aristithes Doumouras, Valerie H Taylor, Salim Yusuf, Ryan Van Lieshout","doi":"10.1111/obr.13968","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.13968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate psychiatric and cognitive functioning after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) with a systematic review and meta-analysis. To systematically review and meta-analyze psychiatric and cognitive outcomes following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized studies (NRS) of people with obesity comparing MBS with any nonsurgical intervention or control condition were included. Main outcomes included symptoms of depression, anxiety, and non-normative eating, substance use disorder diagnosis, suicide death, and cognitive performance in attention, memory, and executive function. Evidence certainty was assessed with GRADE. Heterogeneity was explored with subgroup analyses of ≤ 2 years vs. > 2 years post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 79 studies (75 NRS and 4 RCTs) found, including 732,149 people with obesity who underwent MBS, and 7,670,770 who did not. Among RCTs, MBS may improve depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.40, 95% CI -1.04, 0.24; very low certainty). Among NRS, there was low to very low certainty that MBS may improve depressive (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI -0.87, -0.26), anxiety (SMD = -0.60, 95% CI -1.00, -0.19), and non-normative eating symptoms (SMD = -0.75, 95% CI -0.97, -0.53) and cognitive performance in attention (SMD = -0.72, 95% CI -1.61, 0.17), but not executive function or memory. MBS may slightly increase suicide deaths (1/1000 more people, 95% CI 0 fewer to 3 more; very low certainty) and substance use disorders (4/100 more, 95% CI from 1 to 9 more; low certainty) > 2-years post-surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to nonsurgical conditions, MBS may improve depression, anxiety, non-normative eating, and attention, but slightly increase suicides and substance use disorders. There was low to very low certainty in most outcomes, therefore additionalhigh-quality studies are needed to strengthen the evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13968"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Adipose Tissue Inflammation the Culprit of Obesity-Associated Comorbidities?","authors":"Laurent Turner, Anjalee I Wanasinghe, Pamela Brunori, Sylvia Santosa","doi":"10.1111/obr.13956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In individuals with obesity, the onset of chronic comorbidities coincides with the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in various tissue beds. As obesity progresses, adipose tissue becomes increasingly dysfunctional causing chronic low-grade inflammation. Indeed, adipose tissue inflammation, which partially stems from macrophage infiltration and expression of macrophage-derived cytokines, has local and systemic consequences on health and increases the likelihood of developing obesity-associated comorbidities. In addition, cellular changes driven by macrophages may also further aggravate both adipose tissue dysfunction and inflammation, thus contributing to the onset and progression of several comorbidities including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, osteoarthritis, some cancers, and dementia. The purpose of this review is to discuss how adipose tissue inflammation relates and contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity-associated comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13956"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histidine-Containing Dipeptides in Obesity and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Scoping Review.","authors":"Saeede Saadati, Robel Hussen Kabthymer, Giancarlo Aldini, Thilini R Thrimawithana, Julie E Stevens, Kathy Ngyuen, Arshad Majid, Simon M Bell, Jack Feehan, Aya Mousa, Barbora de Courten","doi":"10.1111/obr.13965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Histidine-containing dipeptides (HCDs) have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties. Yet, no previous reviews have examined the impact of HCDs on Type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk factors (e.g., obesity) and progression (e.g., microvascular and macrovascular complications). In this scoping review, we aimed to thoroughly examine the evidence on the effects of HCDs, particularly carnosine, which is the most studied HCD, on T2D risk factors and complications and the underlying mechanisms of action.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched Ovid-Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to December 2023. We included experimental studies (animal models and cell studies), observational studies, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the mechanism of action of HCDs and the effects of supplementation in individuals with obesity and/or T2D.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary literature search yielded 10,973 articles and 121 studies were eligible for inclusion. HCDs have been shown to mitigate inflammation and improve lipid profile and glycemic control in obesity and T2D with or without microvascular and macrovascular complications. However, most studies are experimental, focusing on elucidating the potential mechanisms of action of HCDs, with limited observational data or RCTs of individuals with obesity and/or T2D. No RCTs have investigated the effects of HCDs in individuals with neuropathy, retinopathy, cerebrovascular disease, and cardiovascular disease within a diabetic context.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the existing evidence, predominantly from preclinical studies, generally supports the use of HCDs for improving cardiometabolic health, further human studies, especially RCTs with adequately powered sample sizes, are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13965"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Interplay Between Obesity and BRCA1/2-Associated Breast Cancer: An Overview.","authors":"Cinzia Giordano, Marianna Puzzo, Rocco Malivindi, Debora Cristofaro, Luca Gelsomino, Daniela Bonofiglio, Carlo Capalbo, Sebastiano Andò, Ines Barone, Stefania Catalano","doi":"10.1111/obr.13969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The steadily increasing prevalence of obesity and its association with a growing number of malignancies, including breast cancer, has made this disease spectrum an urgent and critical public health priority, demanding immediate attention and comprehensive action. To date, a growing body of research has been dedicated to the study of obesity/breast cancer biological link, with the most well-documented mechanisms involving chronic inflammation, altered adipokine levels, dysregulated hormone signaling, and insulin/growth factor pathways. Despite significant progress, a substantial gap persists in our present comprehension of the association between adiposity and breast cancer biology in individuals with mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes, the most widely known high-penetrance genes involved in severe breast cancer risk. In this review, we first give an overview of the contribution of BRCA1/2 gene mutations in breast cancer development. Then, we discuss the emerging mechanistic evidence linking obesity with breast cancer, highlighting the impact of metabolic and hormonal factors in BRCA mutation carriers. Insights into the cross-talk between obesity and breast cancer development in BRCA mutation carriers may pave the way to improve proper personalized clinical management of BRCA1/2-associated breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13969"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Street Food Availability on Nutritional Intake and Diet-Related Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Jose-Benito Rosales Chavez, Mariana Romo-Avila, Luis Ortiz-Hernandez","doi":"10.1111/obr.13964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The community food environment influences access to food, which depends on the type of food venues available. However, studies predominantly focus on the Global North, often neglecting culturally relevant food sources in the Global South, like street food (SF) stalls. SF are a popular, affordable, and convenient source of energy and nutrients, but research mainly addresses food safety rather than their impact on diet-related non-communicable diseases. This systematic review evaluates SF's roles in food, energy, and nutrient consumption and health outcomes globally. Our team reviewed peer-reviewed articles from eight databases in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, using combinations of key terms related to SF, nutrition, and body weight. A total of 129 articles met the criteria. Findings indicate SF include different items of varied food groups, nutritional contents, and processing extents. SF are vital for providing food access, especially in urban areas near worksites and schools. However, only seven studies explored the link between SF consumption and cardiometabolic risk, showing mixed results. Future research with longitudinal design is necessary for establishing clearer health-impact relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13964"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Leptin Is a Potential Biomarker of Childhood Obesity and an Indicator of the Effectiveness of Weight-Loss Interventions\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/obr.13972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13972","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13972"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Loop Diagrams of Food Systems, Diet, and Obesity: A Scoping Review of Methods, Contextual Factors, and Outcomes.","authors":"Ivana Stankov, Andres Useche, Peter Lekkas, Rosie Mae Henson, Irene Headen, Jonathan Purtle, Brent A Langellier","doi":"10.1111/obr.13966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This scoping review characterizes the literature on qualitative systems methodologies that guide interest-holders in developing causal loop diagrams focused on food systems, diet, and obesity. Peer-reviewed research using interest-holder-driven causal loop diagrams to examine food environments, access, purchasing, diet, obesity, and related interventions/policies was included. A comprehensive search of six databases (ProQuest Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Emcare) yielded 40 eligible studies from a pool of 1370 unique records. We synthesize study characteristics, the intended uses of causal loop diagrams, methodological approaches, evaluation processes, and key findings. While all studies identified individual and behavioral drivers of obesity, studies based in the Global South more frequently featured structural factors such as racism, discrimination, crime, and incarceration. Papers focused on engaging minoritized populations similarly emphasized structural-level themes such as urban agriculture, gentrification, community investment, and capacity building. Our findings highlight the potential of causal loop diagrams to capture the interconnectedness and complexity of food systems, diet, and obesity, along with gaps in the geographical coverage of study efforts, as well as the representation of key populations in current conceptualizations of food systems. This review offers methodological insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to apply causal loop diagrams to understand and address complex public health issues related to food systems, diet, and obesity within their local contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13966"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}