Seminars in nuclear medicine最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Explorations of [68Ga] Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F] FDG Dual-Tracer Total-body PET/CT and PET/MR Imaging","authors":"Yu Lin MD ,&nbsp;Huaping Gao MM ,&nbsp;Jiefu Zheng MD ,&nbsp;Akram Al-Ibraheem MD ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Hu MD ,&nbsp;Hongcheng Shi MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) and [¹⁸F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) provide complementary biological information, and FAPI/FDG dual-tracer imaging clinical application is increasing recently. However, optimal protocols for FAPI/FDG dual-tracer positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and PET/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging are still under investigation. Due to its high sensitivity, total-body PET/CT allows for imaging with minimal tracer activity and supports the creation of new dual-tracer PET/CT imaging protocols. PET/MR, with its multiparametric MR imaging, provides additional biological information for diagnosis. Studies have investigated the clinical feasibility of low-activity PET/MR imaging, yielding promising results. As there are still few institutions in the world that have experience with the advances provided by the use of total-body PET/CT and equipped with a PET/MR scanner, we have discussed the clinical explorations to reduce radiation exposure and optimize workflows for [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [¹⁸F]FDG dual-tracer PET/CT and PET/MR imaging. The review also provides potential new clinical explorations of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [¹⁸F]FDG dual-tracer total-body PET/CT and PET/MR imaging, including dual-tracer dual-low-activity imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 6","pages":"Pages 904-913"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"18F-Fluoride PET/CT—Updates","authors":"Ellen Nogueira-Lima PhD,&nbsp;Thiago Alves MD,&nbsp;Elba Etchebehere MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium Fluoride-18 production started in the 1940s and was described clinically for the first time in 1962 as a bone-imaging agent. However, its use became dormant with the development of conventional bone scintigraphy, especially due to its low cost. Conventional bone scintigraphy has been the most utilized Nuclear Medicine technique for identifying osteoblastic bone metastases, especially in prostate and breast cancers for decades and is also employed to identify benign bone disease, especially in the orthopedic setting. While bone scintigraphy is highly sensitive, it lacks adequate specificity. With the advent of high-quality 3D Whole-Body Positron Emission Tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT), images, Sodium Fluoride-18 imaging with PET/CT (Fluoride PET/CT) re-emerged. This PET/CT bone-imaging agent provides higher sensitivity and specificity to detect bone lesions in both the oncological scenario as well as to identify benign bone and joint disorders. PET/CT bone-imaging provides a precise view of the bone metabolism remodeling processes at a molecular level, throughout the skeleton, and combines anatomical information, enhancing diagnostic specificity and accuracy. This article review will explore the updates on clinical applications of Fluoride PET/CT in oncology and benign conditions encompassing orthopedic, inflammatory and cardiovascular conditions and treatment response assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 6","pages":"Pages 951-965"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Functional PET Imaging of the Spinal Cord.","authors":"Pierre Courault, Luc Zimmer, Sophie Lancelot","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At present, spinal cord imaging primarily uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT), but the greater sensitivity of positron emission tomography (PET) techniques and the development of new radiotracers are paving the way for a new approach. The substantial rise in publications on PET radiotracers for spinal cord exploration indicates a growing interest in the functional and molecular imaging of this organ. The present review aimed to provide an overview of the various radiotracers used in this indication, in preclinical and clinical settings. Firstly, we outline spinal cord anatomy and associated target pathologies. Secondly, we present the state-of-the-art of spinal cord imaging techniques used in clinical practice, with their respective strengths and limitations. Thirdly, we summarize the literature on radiotracers employed in functional PET imaging of the spinal cord. In conclusion, we propose criteria for an ideal radiotracer for molecular spinal cord imaging, emphasizing the relevance of multimodal hybrid cameras, and particularly the benefits of PET-MRI integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter from the Editors","authors":"Kirsten Bouchelouche MD, DMSc,&nbsp;M. Michael Sathekge MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 635-637"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Imaging: Calcium Score and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging","authors":"Malek Nayfeh MD ,&nbsp;Ahmed Sayed MBBS ,&nbsp;Maria Alwan MD ,&nbsp;Moath Alfawara MD ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Al Rifai MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Mouaz H. Al-Mallah MD, MSc","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the top cause of death due to </span>cardiovascular conditions<span> worldwide, with someone suffering a myocardial infarction every 40 seconds. This highlights the importance of non-invasive imaging technologies like myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), which are crucial for detecting </span></span>coronary artery disease (CAD) early, even before symptoms appear. However, the reliance solely on MPI has shifted due to its limitations in definitively ruling out </span>atherosclerosis<span><span><span>, leading to the adoption of hybrid imaging techniques<span>. Hybrid imaging combines computed tomography (CT) with MPI techniques such as </span></span>positron emission tomography<span> (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). This integration, often within a single gantry system, enhances the diagnostic accuracy by allowing for attenuation correction (AC), acquisition of the coronary artery calcium score (CACS), and more precise tracing of </span></span>radiotracer<span> uptake. The built-in CT in modern MPI systems assists in these functions, which is essential for better diagnosis and risk assessment in patients. The addition of CACS to MPI, a method involving the assessment of calcified plaque in coronary arteries, notably enhances diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. CACS helps in identifying atherosclerosis and predicting potential cardiac events, facilitating personalized risk management and the initiation of tailored interventions like statins and aspirin. Such comprehensive imaging strategies not only improve the accuracy of detecting CAD but also help in stratifying patient risk more effectively. In this paper, we discuss how the incorporation of CAC into MPI protocols enhances the diagnostic sensitivity for detecting obstructive CAD, as evidenced by several studies where the addition of CAC to MPI has led to improved outcomes in diagnosing CAD. Moreover, CAC has been shown to unmask silent coronary atherosclerosis in patients with normal MPI results, highlighting its incremental diagnostic value. We will discuss the evolving role of hybrid imaging in guiding therapeutic decisions, particularly the use of statins for cardiovascular prevention. The integration of CAC assessment with MPI not only aids in the early detection and management of CAD but also optimizes therapeutic strategies, enhancing patient care through a more accurate and personalized approach. Such advancements underscore the need for further research to fully establish the benefits of combining CAC with MPI in the clinical assessment of cardiovascular risk.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 638-647"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radionuclide Imaging of Cardiac Amyloidosis: An Update and Future Aspects","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span><span>Cardiac amyloidosis<span><span> (CA) is caused by the misfolding, accumulation and aggregation of proteins into large fibrils in the extracellular compartment of the myocardium, leading to </span>restrictive cardiomyopathy, heart failure and death. The major forms are </span></span>transthyretin (ATTR) CA and light-chain (AL) CA, based on the respective </span>precursor protein<span>. Each of them requires early diagnosis for a timely treatment initiation that will improve patient outcomes. For this, radionuclide imaging is essentially used as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with bone-avid </span></span>radiotracers<span><span> or as positron emission tomography<span> (PET) with amyloid-binding radiotracers. Both offer unprecedented specificity for the diagnostic of CA. SPECT has even revolutionized the diagnosis of ATTR-CA by making it non-invasive. Indeed, SPECT has now entered the standard diagnostic pathway to CA and has led to earlier diagnosis of the disease. SPECT also modified the epidemiology of ATTR-CA, highlighting that the disease is much more frequent than previously believed, and showing that ATTR-CA plays a substantial role in </span></span>HFpEF<span> and aortic stenosis<span>, particularly among elderly patients. In parallel, amyloid-binding radiotracers for PET have accumulated a substantial amount of evidence, but are not approved for clinical use in CA yet. Further studies are needed to refine acquisition protocols and validate results in broader populations. Unlike bone-avid SPECT radiotracers, PET radiotracers have been specifically created to bind to amyloid fibrils. Thus, PET is the only imaging method that is truly specific for amyloid deposits and very sensitive to any amyloid type. Indeed, PET can not only detect ATTR-CA, but also AL-CA and rare hereditary forms. For both SPECT and PET, advances in quantitation of myocardial uptake have generated more granular and reproducible findings, paving the way for progress in earlier diagnosis, risk stratification<span> and therapeutic response monitoring. Encouraging findings have shown that SPECT and PET are sensitive to early CA when other diagnostic methods are negative. Both radionuclide imaging techniques can predict </span></span></span></span></span>adverse outcomes<span>, but more evidence is needed to determine how to use them in conjunction with usual prognostic staging scores. Studies on follow-up imaging after therapy suggested that SPECT and PET can capture myocardial changes in CA, but again, more data are needed to meaningfully interpret such changes. Based on all these promising results, radionuclide imaging has the potential to further impact the landscape of CA in diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up, but also to substantially contribute to the assessment of novel therapies that will improve the lives of patients with CA.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 717-732"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rebirth of Radioimmunotherapy of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: The Phoenix of Nuclear Medicine?","authors":"Richard L. Wahl MD ,&nbsp;Brad Kahl MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Greek mythology, The Phoenix is an immortal bird that dies, but then achieves new life by rising from the ashes of its predecessor. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of B-cell Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a field which once began to fly high—with FDA approval of the anti-CD20 RITs Zevalin® and Bexxar® in 2002 and 2003 respectively, as safe and effective therapies of NHL. However, despite their therapeutic efficacy, Bexxar® was withdrawn from the market by the manufacturer in 2014 due to limited commercial demand and Zevalin® has had very limited to no availability of late. I-131 rituximab is used to a limited extent in Australia, India and other countries, as well.</p><p>But has RIT of NHL been (perhaps prematurely) left for dead by many? Given the current great clinical and commercial interest in radiopharmaceutical therapies of cancer, notably PSMA and SSTR targeting agents in prostate and neuroendocrine cancers, can radioimmunotherapy of NHL—like the mythical Phoenix—now rise from its ashes in an even better form to fly higher, faster, farther and longer than before?</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 4","pages":"Pages 513-529"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001299824000552/pdfft?md5=b833aefa8485793f3e088110aae5fbea&pid=1-s2.0-S0001299824000552-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141634482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiotheranostics Global Market and Future Developments","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Radiotheranostics, a combination of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, was first utilized in cancer management using radiopharmaceuticals<span><span><span> to both image and selectively treat specific cancer subtypes nearly a century ago. Radiotheranostic strategies rooted in nuclear medicine have revolutionized the treatment landscape for individuals diagnosed with </span>prostate cancer and </span>neuroendocrine tumors in the past 10 years. In specific contexts, these approaches have emerged as the prevailing standard, yielding numerous positive results. The field of radiotheranostics shows great potential for future clinical applications. This article aims to examine the key factors that will contribute to the success of radiotheranostics in the future, as well as the current challenges and potential strategies to overcome them, with insight into the global radiotheranostic market.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 4","pages":"Pages 622-633"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination Strategies and Targeted Radionuclide Therapies","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Combination models utilising treatments from two or more therapeutic classes are well established in cancer care. In the new era of theranostic (theragnostic) medicine there is an ongoing need to identify and refine novel combination strategies to optimise multidisciplinary care for conditions commonly encountered in nuclear medicine such as neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN), prostate cancer (PCa), and thyroid cancer, along with seeking advancements in molecular imaging and therapy techniques for other tumour streams. This concise review explores the background of theranostic monotherapy, established approaches to combination strategies in theranostics, and emerging targeted radionuclide therapies in use or under active investigation, with a focus on Australian-led studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 4","pages":"Pages 612-621"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001299824000527/pdfft?md5=415e590ae2db68a4d4a6983b796f0879&pid=1-s2.0-S0001299824000527-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomolecular Theranostics With Fibroblast-Activation-Protein Inhibitors and Peptides","authors":"Richard P. Baum MD ,&nbsp;Emil Novruzov MD ,&nbsp;Tianzhi Zhao MD ,&nbsp;Lukas Greifenstein MD ,&nbsp;Vivianne Jakobsson MD ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Perrone MD ,&nbsp;Aditi Mishra MD ,&nbsp;Aleksandr Eismant MD ,&nbsp;Kriti Ghai MD ,&nbsp;Ortwin Klein MD ,&nbsp;Bastian Jaeschke MD ,&nbsp;Daniel Benz-Zils PhD ,&nbsp;Jens Cardinale PhD ,&nbsp;Yuriko Mori PhD ,&nbsp;Frederik L. Giesel MD ,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhang MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The advancement of theranostics, which combines therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities in oncology<span><span>, has significantly impacted cancer management. This review explores fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression in the tumor microenvironment<span> (TME) and its association with various malignancies, highlighting its potential as a theranostic marker for PET/CT imaging using FAP-targeted </span></span>tracers<span> and for FAP-targeted radiopharmaceutical<span> therapy. We examine the development and clinical applications of FAP inhibitors<span> (FAPIs) and peptides, providing insights into their diagnostic accuracy, initial therapeutic efficacy, and clinical impact across diverse cancer types, as well as the synthesis of novel FAP-targeted ligands. This review aims to showcase the promising outcomes and challenges in integrating FAP-targeted approaches into cancer management.</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 4","pages":"Pages 537-556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141634481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}