Seminars in nuclear medicine最新文献

{"title":"What Role Does PET/MRI Play in Musculoskeletal Disorders?","authors":"Tugce Telli, Mélanie Desaulniers, Thomas Pyka, Federico Caobelli, Sophia Forstmann, Lale Umutlu, Wolfgang P Fendler, Axel Rominger, Ken Herrmann, Robert Seifert","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Musculoskeletal disorders of nononcological origin are one of the most frequent reasons for consultation. Patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders also consult more than once for the same reason. This results in multiple clinical follow-ups after several radiological and serum examinations, the main ones including X-rays targeting the painful anatomical region and inflammatory serum parameters. As part of their work up, patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders often require multisequence, multi-parameter MRI. PET/MRI is a promising imaging modality for their diagnosis, with the added advantage of being able to be performed in a single visit. PET/MRI is particularly useful for diagnosing osteomyelitis, spondylodiscitis, arthritis, many pediatric pathologies, and a wide range of other musculoskeletal pathologies. PET/MRI is already used to diagnose malignant bone tumors such as osteosarcoma. However, current knowledge of the indications for PET/MRI in nononcological musculoskeletal disorders is based on studies involving only a few patients. This review focuses on the usefulness of PET/MRI for diagnosing nononcological musculoskeletal disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Targets for Molecular Imaging of Inflammatory Processes of Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Computed tomography angiography<span> (CTA), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and </span></span>¹⁸<span>F-FDG-PET have proven clinical value when evaluating patients with carotid atherosclerosis<span>. In this systematic review<span><span>, we will focus on the role of novel molecular imaging </span>tracers<span> in that assessment and their potential strengths to stratify stroke risk. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Library for articles reporting on molecular imaging to noninvasively detect or characterize inflammation in carotid atherosclerosis. As our focus was on nonclassical novel targets, we omitted reports solely on </span></span></span></span>¹⁸F-FDG and ¹⁸<span>F-NaF. We summarized and mapped the selected studies to provide an overview of the current clinical development in molecular imaging in relation to risk factors, imaging and histological findings, diagnostic and prognostic performance. We identified 20 articles in which the utilized tracers to visualize carotid wall inflammation were somatostatin<span><span> subtype-2- (SST2-) (n = 5), CXC-motif chemokine receptor 4- (CXCR4-) (n = 3), </span>translocator<span> protein- (TSPO-) (n = 2) and aVβ3 integrin-ligands (n = 2) and choline-tracers (n = 2). Tracer uptake correlated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors, that is, age, gender, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension as well as prior cardiovascular disease. We identified discrepancies between tracer uptake and grade of stenosis, plaque calcification, and </span></span></span>¹⁸<span><span>F-FDG uptake, suggesting the importance of alternative characterization of atherosclerosis beyond classical neuroimaging features. Immunohistochemical analysis linked tracer uptake to markers of macrophage infiltration and neovascularization. Symptomatic carotid arteries showed higher uptake compared to asymptomatic (including </span>contralateral<span>, nonculprit) arteries. Some studies demonstrated a potential role of these novel molecular imaging as a specific intermediary (bio)marker for outcome. Several novel tracers show promise for identification of high-risk plaque inflammation. Based on the current evidence we cautiously propose the SST2-ligands and the choline radiotracers as viable candidates for larger prospective longitudinal outcome studies to evaluate their predictive use in clinical practice.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 658-673"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a More Inclusive Future: A Comprehensive Assessment of Gender Diversity in Nuclear Medicine Education, Training and Workforce","authors":"Anita Brink MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ora Israel MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Helen Nadel MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Manuela Arevalo-Pardo LLB ,&nbsp;Oleksandr Kalinchuk MS ,&nbsp;Enrique Estrada-Lobato MD ,&nbsp;Maria Naydenova MSc, MBA ,&nbsp;Milena Drace BA, MSc ,&nbsp;Diana Paez MD, MsEd","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The field of nuclear medicine<span> has undergone remarkable advances, particularly with the introduction of new devices, radionuclides for imaging and </span></span>therapy<span>, new clinical applications, and emergence of medical evidence. As this dynamic field continues its rapid expansion, there is an urgent need to increase the number of well-trained professionals globally. Consequently, advocating for nuclear medicine as a thriving field of study and work for women becomes paramount in ensuring the establishment of a robust workforce capable of meeting the growing demands. True gender equality will only be achieved when there is equal representation across the spectrum of the nuclear medicine professions<span>, including nuclear medicine technologists, radiopharmacists, radiochemist, medical physicists, </span></span></span>nuclear medicine physicians<span>, administrators, academics, and leaders. Currently, the workforce exhibits an imbalance, with females predominating among nuclear medicine technologists, while the number of female physicians, and those in leadership positions remains comparatively lower. There are various factors which contribute to the existing inequities. Societal expectations often impose traditional gender roles that somehow discourage women from pursuing a career in the science, technology, and mathematics (STEM) fields, including nuclear medicine. Additionally, prevailing unequal work conditions and gender biases within the workplace can create barriers that hinder women's professional growth and development. Ways of addressing inequalities includes ensuring female participation at all levels of education and training and promoting the field at undergraduate level in medical school. Mentorship programs have demonstrated great success in guiding and supporting women at various stages of their careers. Therefore, there is a need for their expansion and enhancement. Furthermore, female role models play a pivotal role in shattering gender stereotypes and inspiring other women to pursue careers in nuclear medicine and its related fields. By addressing the existing imbalances and fostering an environment that actively encourages and supports women, we can harness the full potential of all professionals, thus ensuring the ongoing progress and advancement of nuclear medicine.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 2","pages":"Pages 184-190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Practical Guide to the Pearls and Pitfalls of PSMA PET Imaging","authors":"Andrew F. Voter MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Rudolf A. Werner MD ,&nbsp;Hatice Savas MD ,&nbsp;Andrei Gafita MD ,&nbsp;Ashley E. Ross MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Michael A. Gorin MD ,&nbsp;Lilja B. Solnes MD, MBA ,&nbsp;Martin G. Pomper MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Steven P. Rowe MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Sara Sheikhbahaei MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET agents have revolutionized the care of patients with prostate cancer<span>, supplanting traditional methods of imaging prostate cancer, and improving the selection and delivery of therapies. This has led to a rapid expansion in both the number of PSMA PET scans performed and the imaging specialists required to interpret those scans. To aid those imagers and clinicians who are new to the interpretation of PSMA PET, this review provides an overview of the interpretation of PSMA PET/CT imaging and pearls for overcoming commonly encountered pitfalls. We discuss the physiologic distribution of the clinically available PSMA-targeted </span></span>radiotracers, the commonly encountered patterns of prostate cancer spread, as well as the benign and malignant mimics of prostate cancer. Additionally, we review the standardized PSMA PET reporting systems and the role of PSMA in selecting appropriate patients for PSMA-targeted therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"Pages 119-131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138047840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSMA PET/CT Versus mpMRI for the Detection of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: An Updated Overview","authors":"Matteo Caracciolo ,&nbsp;Angelo Castello ,&nbsp;Egesta Lopci MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In the last years, PSMA-PET imaging and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) have improved the clinical management of prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Currently, mpMRI is recommended by the EAU (European Association of Urology) guidelines for the primary diagnosis of PCa, whereas PSMA-PET is reserved for disease staging, particularly in high risk localized or locally advanced disease, as well as for </span>biochemical recurrence after surgery. Nevertheless, several studies have explored the added value of PSMA-PET in other clinical scenarios, including primary diagnosis and especially for the detection of clinically significant PCa (csPCa). In the present contribution, we will provide an overview and an update on the current literature on imaging detection of csPCa, with a particular focus on mpMRI, PSMA-PET and their comparison.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"Pages 30-38"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89719453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in PET Imaging of the CXCR4 Receptor: [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor","authors":"Liza Lindenberg MD ,&nbsp;Mark Ahlman MD ,&nbsp;Frank Lin MD ,&nbsp;Esther Mena MD ,&nbsp;Peter Choyke MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PentixaFor, a PET agent targeting CXCR4 is emerging as a versatile radiotracer with promising applications in oncology, cardiology and inflammatory disease. Preclinical work in various cancer cell lines have demonstrated high specificity and selectivity. In human investigations of several tumors, the most promising applications may be in multiple myeloma, certain lymphomas and myeloproliferative neoplasms. In the nononcologic setting, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PentixaFor could greatly improve detection for primary aldosteronism and other endocrine abnormalities. Similarly, atherosclerotic disease and other inflammatory conditions could also benefit from enhanced identification by CXCR4 targeting. Rapidly cleared from the body with a favorable imaging and radiation dosimetry profile that has been already studied in over 1000 patients, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PentixaFor is a worthy agent for further clinical exploration with potential for theranostic applications in hematologic malignancies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"Pages 163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71485716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence in Oncologic Molecular PET-Imaging: A Narrative Review on Beyond [18F]F-FDG Tracers - Part I. PSMA, Choline, and DOTA Radiotracers","authors":"Seyed Ali Mirshahvalad MD, MPH, FEBNM ,&nbsp;Roya Eisazadeh MD, FEBNM ,&nbsp;Malihe Shahbazi-Akbari MD ,&nbsp;Christian Pirich MD ,&nbsp;Mohsen Beheshti MD, FEBNM, FASNC","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved significantly in the past few decades. This thriving trend has also been seen in medicine in recent years, particularly in the field of imaging. Machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and their methods (eg, SVM, CNN), as well as radiomics, are the terminologies that have been introduced to this field and, to some extent, become familiar to the expert clinicians. PET is one of the modalities that has been enhanced via these state-of-the-art algorithms. This robust imaging technique further merged with anatomical modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to provide reliable hybrid modalities, PET/CT and PET/MRI. Applying AI-based algorithms on the different components (PET, CT, and MRI) has resulted in promising results, maximizing the value of PET imaging. However, [¹⁸F]F-FDG, the most commonly utilized tracer in molecular imaging, has been mainly in the spotlight. Thus, we aimed to look into the less discussed tracers in this review, moving beyond [¹⁸F]F-FDG. The novel non-[¹⁸F]F-FDG agents also showed to be valuable in various clinical tasks, including lesion detection and tumor characterization, accurate delineation, and prognostic impact. Regarding prostate patients, PSMA-based models were highly accurate in determining tumoral lesions’ location and delineating them, particularly within the prostate gland. However, they also could assess whole-body images to detect extra-prostatic lesions in a patient automatically. Considering the prognostic value of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET using AI, it could predict response to treatment and patient survival, which are crucial in patient management. Choline imaging, another non-[¹⁸F]F-FDG tracer, similarly showed acceptable results that may be of benefit in the clinic, though the current evidence is significantly more limited than PSMA. Lastly, different subtypes of DOTA ligands were found to be valuable. They could diagnose tumoral lesions in challenging sites and even predict histopathology grade, being a highly advantageous noninvasive tool. In conclusion, the current limited investigations have shown promising results, leading us to a bright future for AI in molecular imaging beyond [¹⁸F]F-FDG.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"Pages 171-180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001299823000739/pdfft?md5=1f3adebbdc26f1d040886c49b4af09fa&pid=1-s2.0-S0001299823000739-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41150458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter From the Editors","authors":"M. Michael Sathekge MD, PhD,&nbsp;Kirsten Bouchelouche MD, DMSc","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 6","pages":"Pages 731-732"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41133364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Appraisal of the Current Role of Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in the Management of Acute Chest Pain","authors":"Raffaele Giubbini MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Barbara Paghera MD ,&nbsp;Maurizio Dondi MD ,&nbsp;Enrique Estrada Lobato MD ,&nbsp;Amalia Peix MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Diana Paez MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>This paper describes the evolution of nuclear cardiology techniques in the setting of </span>acute coronary syndromes<span>. Since the 1970s, the contribution of nuclear cardiology has been fundamental in delineating the physiopathology<span> and diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, when electrocardiogram (ECG) did not provide the diagnosis and when cardiac enzyme assessments were at a very early stage. In this clinical situation, at that time the role of </span></span></span>pyrophosphate<span><span><span> scintigraphy<span><span><span> and antimyosin antibodies was important in ensuring diagnostic precision. However, these methods showed limitations and were abandoned in the late 80s and early 90s when therapeutic applications such as thrombolytic therapy, and primary-and rescue-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were introduced. Beginning in the mid-80s, the introduction and widespread use of perfusion </span>tracers<span> such as 99mTc labelled compounds and technological advances such as </span></span>SPECT, allowed to assess the efficacy of </span></span>thrombolysis and early </span>revascularization<span>, as well as to assess in depth myocardial salvage. Currently, perfusion SPECT, especially using fast imaging techniques<span> and dedicated cardiac SPECT<span><span> with solid-state detectors, allows a quick confirmation or exclusion of acute coronary syndromes, particularly in low-to-intermediate likelihood of coronary artery disease (CAD), especially when there are absolute or relative contraindications to the use of coronary </span>computed tomographic angiography (CCTA).</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 6","pages":"Pages 733-742"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10313381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter from the Editors","authors":"Kirsten Bouchelouche MD, DMSc,&nbsp;M. Michael Sathekge MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 555-557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9971178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}