Seminars in nuclear medicine最新文献

{"title":"How to Perform FAPI PET? An Expedited Systematic Review Providing a Recommendation for FAPI PET Imaging With Different FAPI Tracers","authors":"Morten Bentestuen MD ,&nbsp;Surenth Nalliah MD ,&nbsp;Marie M.K. Stolberg MD ,&nbsp;Helle D. Zacho MD, PhD, DMSc","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This expedited systematic review aims to provide the first overview of the different Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET scan procedures in the literature and discuss how to efficiently obtain optimal FAPI PET images based on the best available evidence. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched in April 2023. Peer-reviewed cohort studies published in English and used FAPI tracers were included. Articles were excluded if critical scan procedure information was missing, or the article was not retrievable from a university library within 30 days. Data were grouped according to the FAPI tracer applied. Meta-analysis with proper statistics was deemed not feasible based on a pilot study. A total of 946 records were identified. After screening, 159 studies were included. [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 was applied in 98 studies (61%), followed by [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 in 19 studies (12%). Most studies did not report specific patient preparation. A mean/median administered activity of 80-200 MBq was most common; however, wide ranges were seen in [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET studies (56-370 MBq). An injection-to-scan-time of 60 minutes was dominant for all FAPI PET studies. A possible trend toward shorter injection-to-scan times was observed for [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-46. Three studies evaluated [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET acquisition at multiple time points in more than 593 cancer lesions, all yielding equivalent tumor detection at 10 minutes vs later time points despite slightly lower tumor-to-background Ratios. Despite the wide ranges, most institutions administer an average of 80-200 MBq [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04/46 and scan patients at 60 minutes postinjection. For [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-46, the present evidence consistently supports the feasibility of image acquisition earlier than 30 minutes. Currently, data on the optimal FAPI PET scan procedure are limited, and more studies are encouraged. The current review can serve as a temporary guideline for institutions planning FAPI PET studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 3","pages":"Pages 345-355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001299823000922/pdfft?md5=c78c3466dc48bfe83d31835ae2d9b453&pid=1-s2.0-S0001299823000922-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Imaging of Heart Failure: An Update and Future Trends","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Molecular imaging can detect and quantify pathophysiological processes underlying heart failure, complementing evaluation of cardiac structure and function with other imaging modalities. Targeted tracers have enabled assessment of various cellular and subcellular mechanisms of heart failure aiming for improved phenotyping, risk stratification, and personalized therapy. This review outlines the current status of molecular imaging in heart failure, accompanied with discussion on novel developments. The focus is on radionuclide methods with data from clinical studies. Imaging of myocardial metabolism can identify left ventricle dysfunction caused by myocardial ischemia that may be reversible after revascularization in the presence of viable myocardium. In vivo imaging of active inflammation and amyloid deposition have an established role in the detection of cardiac sarcoidosis and transthyretin amyloidosis. Innervation imaging has well documented prognostic value in predicting heart failure progression and arrhythmias. Tracers specific for inflammation, angiogenesis and myocardial fibrotic activity are in earlier stages of development, but have demonstrated potential value in early characterization of the response to myocardial injury and prediction of cardiac function over time. Early detection of disease activity is a key for transition from medical treatment of clinically overt heart failure towards a personalized approach aimed at supporting repair and preventing progressive cardiac dysfunction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 674-685"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000129982400028X/pdfft?md5=6f4ac9c1319a82251e0879a8f8184da3&pid=1-s2.0-S000129982400028X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140768546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in PET Imaging of Large Vessel Vasculitis: An Update and Future Trends","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Systemic vasculitides are autoimmune diseases characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. They are categorized based on the size of the preferentially affected blood vessels: large-, medium-, and small-vessel vasculitides. The main forms of large-vessel vasculitis include giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK). Depending on the location of the affected vessels, various imaging modalities can be employed for diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis: ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), computed tomography angiography (CTA), and [¹⁸F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT). These imaging tools offer complementary information about vascular changes occurring in vasculitis. Recent advances in PET imaging in large vessel vasculitis include the introduction of digital long axial field-of-view PET/CT, dedicated acquisition, quantitative methodologies, and the availability of novel radiopharmaceuticals. This review aims to provide an update on the current status of PET imaging in large vessel vasculitis and to share the latest developments on imaging vasculitides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 753-760"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001299824000266/pdfft?md5=6abf12f46b9e58568217e10aee285fa0&pid=1-s2.0-S0001299824000266-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Nuclear Cardiology: An Update and Future Trends","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Myocardial perfusion<span><span> imaging (MPI), using either single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or </span>positron emission tomography<span><span> (PET), is one of the most commonly ordered cardiac imaging tests, with prominent clinical roles for disease diagnosis and risk prediction. Artificial intelligence (AI) could potentially play a role in many steps along the typical MPI workflow, from image acquisition through to clinical reporting and risk estimation. AI can be utilized to improve </span>image quality, reducing radiation exposure and image acquisition times. Once images are acquired, AI can help optimize motion correction and image registration during image reconstruction or provide direct image attenuation correction. Utilizing these image sets, AI can segment a number of anatomic features from associated computed tomographic imaging or even generate synthetic attenuation imaging. Lastly, AI may play an important role in disease diagnosis or risk prediction by combining the large number of potentially important clinical, stress, and imaging-related variables. This review will focus on the most recent developments in the field, providing clinicians and researchers with a timely update on the field. Additionally, it will discuss future trends including applications of AI during multiple points of the typical MPI workflow to maximize clinical utility and methods to maximize the information that can be obtained from hybrid imaging.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 648-657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140194501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FAPI-PET in Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>PET probes targeting fibroblasts are frequently used for varying applications in oncology. In recent years, the clinical spectrum has been expanded towards cardiovascular medicine, e.g., after myocardial infarction, in aortic stenosis or as a non-invasive read-out of atherosclerosis. We herein provide a brief overview of the current status of this PET radiotracer in the context of cardiovascular disease, including translational and clinical evidence. In addition, we will also briefly discuss future applications, e.g., the use of fibroblast-targeting PET to investigate bilateral organ function along the cardiorenal axis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 747-752"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001299824000230/pdfft?md5=4e367775457ce5306b081416092a8826&pid=1-s2.0-S0001299824000230-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging of Cardiac Fibrosis: How Far Have We Moved From Extracellular to Cellular?","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Myocardial fibrosis plays an important role in adverse outcomes such as heart failure and arrhythmias. As the pathological response and degree of scarring, and therefore clinical presentation varies from patient to patient, early detection of fibrosis is crucial for identifying the appropriate treatment approach and forecasting the progression of a disease along with the likelihood of disease-related mortality. Current imaging modalities provides information about either decreased function or extracellular signs of fibrosis. Targeting activated fibroblasts represents a burgeoning approach that could offer insights prior to observable functional alterations, presenting a promising focus for potential anti-fibrotic therapeutic interventions at cellular level. In this article, we provide an overview of imaging cardiac fibrosis and discuss the role of different advanced imaging modalities with the focus on novel non-invasive imaging of activated fibroblasts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 686-700"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001299824000254/pdfft?md5=92974562e853aa97a41f42b258171457&pid=1-s2.0-S0001299824000254-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140140647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: An Update and Future Aspects","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Cardiac sarcoidosis<span> (CS), an increasingly recognized disease of unknown etiology, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Given the limited diagnostic yield of traditional endomyocardial biopsy (EMB), there is increasing reliance on multimodality cardiovascular imaging in the diagnosis and management of CS, with EMB being largely supplanted by the use of </span></span>¹⁸<span>F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of imaging modalities currently utilized in the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of CS, while highlighting the latest developments in each area.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 5","pages":"Pages 701-716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140120567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases","authors":"Petra Petranović Ovčariček MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Rainer Görges MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Luca Giovanella MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autoimmune thyroid diseases<span><span><span><span> (AITDs) include a wide spectrum of thyroid diseases affecting more commonly women than men. The most frequent forms are Graves’ Disease (GD) and </span>Hashimoto's thyroiditis / Autoimmune Thyroiditis (AIT), but there are also other immunogenic destructive forms of thyroiditis, that is, silent and </span>postpartum thyroiditis<span>. In the last decade, AITDs and other inflammatory thyroid diseases related to anti-tumor molecular drugs are more frequently seen due to the widespread use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and </span></span>immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs). Autoimmune thyroiditis related to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been a novel entity in recent years.</span></p><p><span><span>Graves’ Disease and AIT may shift from hyperthyroidism<span> to hypothyroidism, which may complicate the differential diagnosis and further treatment<span> strategy. Moreover, all AITDs may manifest with thyrotoxicosis (a clinical condition marked with high serum levels of thyroid hormones) which has to be distinguished from hyperthyroidism (increased thyroid </span></span></span>hormone production<span><span> and secretion as a result of hyperfunctioning thyroid gland) due to different therapeutic approaches. Nuclear medicine techniques, such as </span>radioiodine<span> uptake (RAIU) and thyroid scintigraphy, using </span></span></span>^99m<span>Tc- pertechnetate (Na[</span>^99mTc]TcO₄) or 123-Iodine (Na[¹²³<span><span>I]I), have a crucial role in the differential diagnosis. Measurement of thyroid antibodies, e.g. </span>thyroid peroxidase antibodies<span> (TPO) and thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb), as well as thyroid ultrasound, are complementary methods in the evaluation of thyroid disorders.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 2","pages":"Pages 219-236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Imaging in Musculoskeletal Disorders in Menopause","authors":"Luca Filippi MD ,&nbsp;Riccardo Camedda MD ,&nbsp;Viviana Frantellizzi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Nicoletta Urbano MD ,&nbsp;Giuseppe De Vincentis MD ,&nbsp;Orazio Schillaci MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Menopause-related musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders include osteoporosis, </span>osteoarthritis (OA), </span>sarcopenia<span> and sarco-obesity. This review focuses on the applications of nuclear medicine<span> for the functional imaging of the aforementioned clinical conditions. Bone Scan (BS) with </span></span></span>^99m<span><span>Tc-labeled phosphonates, alone or in combination with MRI, can identify “fresh” vertebral collapse due to age-associated osteoporosis and provides quantitative parameters characterized by a good correlation with radiological indices </span>in patients with OA. </span>¹⁸<span><span>F-NaF PET<span><span>, particularly when performed by dynamic scan, has given encouraging results for measuring bone turnover in osteoporosis and allows the evaluation of subchondral bone metabolic activity in OA. </span>FDG<span><span> PET can help discriminate between pathological and nonpathological vertebral fractures, especially by applying appropriate SUV-based thresholds. In OA, it can effectively image inflamed joints and support appropriate clinical management. Preliminary evidences suggest a possible application of FDG in sarco-obesity for the detection and quantification of visceral </span>adipose tissue<span> (VAT). Further studies are needed to better define the role of nuclear medicine in menopause-related MSK disease, especially as regards the possible impact of new radiopharmaceuticals (ie, </span></span></span></span>FAPI and RGD peptides) and recent technological advances (eg, total-body PET/CT scanners).</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 2","pages":"Pages 206-218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71426572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter From the Guest Editors","authors":"Laura Evangelista MD, PhD,&nbsp;Ora Israel MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 2","pages":"Pages 181-182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139736004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}