Seminars in nuclear medicine最新文献

{"title":"Advances in PET Imaging of the CXCR4 Receptor: [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor","authors":"Liza Lindenberg MD ,&nbsp;Mark Ahlman MD ,&nbsp;Frank Lin MD ,&nbsp;Esther Mena MD ,&nbsp;Peter Choyke MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PentixaFor, a PET agent targeting CXCR4 is emerging as a versatile radiotracer with promising applications in oncology, cardiology and inflammatory disease. Preclinical work in various cancer cell lines have demonstrated high specificity and selectivity. In human investigations of several tumors, the most promising applications may be in multiple myeloma, certain lymphomas and myeloproliferative neoplasms. In the nononcologic setting, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PentixaFor could greatly improve detection for primary aldosteronism and other endocrine abnormalities. Similarly, atherosclerotic disease and other inflammatory conditions could also benefit from enhanced identification by CXCR4 targeting. Rapidly cleared from the body with a favorable imaging and radiation dosimetry profile that has been already studied in over 1000 patients, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PentixaFor is a worthy agent for further clinical exploration with potential for theranostic applications in hematologic malignancies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"Pages 163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71485716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence in Oncologic Molecular PET-Imaging: A Narrative Review on Beyond [18F]F-FDG Tracers - Part I. PSMA, Choline, and DOTA Radiotracers","authors":"Seyed Ali Mirshahvalad MD, MPH, FEBNM ,&nbsp;Roya Eisazadeh MD, FEBNM ,&nbsp;Malihe Shahbazi-Akbari MD ,&nbsp;Christian Pirich MD ,&nbsp;Mohsen Beheshti MD, FEBNM, FASNC","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved significantly in the past few decades. This thriving trend has also been seen in medicine in recent years, particularly in the field of imaging. Machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and their methods (eg, SVM, CNN), as well as radiomics, are the terminologies that have been introduced to this field and, to some extent, become familiar to the expert clinicians. PET is one of the modalities that has been enhanced via these state-of-the-art algorithms. This robust imaging technique further merged with anatomical modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to provide reliable hybrid modalities, PET/CT and PET/MRI. Applying AI-based algorithms on the different components (PET, CT, and MRI) has resulted in promising results, maximizing the value of PET imaging. However, [¹⁸F]F-FDG, the most commonly utilized tracer in molecular imaging, has been mainly in the spotlight. Thus, we aimed to look into the less discussed tracers in this review, moving beyond [¹⁸F]F-FDG. The novel non-[¹⁸F]F-FDG agents also showed to be valuable in various clinical tasks, including lesion detection and tumor characterization, accurate delineation, and prognostic impact. Regarding prostate patients, PSMA-based models were highly accurate in determining tumoral lesions’ location and delineating them, particularly within the prostate gland. However, they also could assess whole-body images to detect extra-prostatic lesions in a patient automatically. Considering the prognostic value of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET using AI, it could predict response to treatment and patient survival, which are crucial in patient management. Choline imaging, another non-[¹⁸F]F-FDG tracer, similarly showed acceptable results that may be of benefit in the clinic, though the current evidence is significantly more limited than PSMA. Lastly, different subtypes of DOTA ligands were found to be valuable. They could diagnose tumoral lesions in challenging sites and even predict histopathology grade, being a highly advantageous noninvasive tool. In conclusion, the current limited investigations have shown promising results, leading us to a bright future for AI in molecular imaging beyond [¹⁸F]F-FDG.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"Pages 171-180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001299823000739/pdfft?md5=1f3adebbdc26f1d040886c49b4af09fa&pid=1-s2.0-S0001299823000739-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41150458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter From the Editors","authors":"M. Michael Sathekge MD, PhD,&nbsp;Kirsten Bouchelouche MD, DMSc","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 6","pages":"Pages 731-732"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41133364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Appraisal of the Current Role of Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in the Management of Acute Chest Pain","authors":"Raffaele Giubbini MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Barbara Paghera MD ,&nbsp;Maurizio Dondi MD ,&nbsp;Enrique Estrada Lobato MD ,&nbsp;Amalia Peix MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Diana Paez MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>This paper describes the evolution of nuclear cardiology techniques in the setting of </span>acute coronary syndromes<span>. Since the 1970s, the contribution of nuclear cardiology has been fundamental in delineating the physiopathology<span> and diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, when electrocardiogram (ECG) did not provide the diagnosis and when cardiac enzyme assessments were at a very early stage. In this clinical situation, at that time the role of </span></span></span>pyrophosphate<span><span><span> scintigraphy<span><span><span> and antimyosin antibodies was important in ensuring diagnostic precision. However, these methods showed limitations and were abandoned in the late 80s and early 90s when therapeutic applications such as thrombolytic therapy, and primary-and rescue-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were introduced. Beginning in the mid-80s, the introduction and widespread use of perfusion </span>tracers<span> such as 99mTc labelled compounds and technological advances such as </span></span>SPECT, allowed to assess the efficacy of </span></span>thrombolysis and early </span>revascularization<span>, as well as to assess in depth myocardial salvage. Currently, perfusion SPECT, especially using fast imaging techniques<span> and dedicated cardiac SPECT<span><span> with solid-state detectors, allows a quick confirmation or exclusion of acute coronary syndromes, particularly in low-to-intermediate likelihood of coronary artery disease (CAD), especially when there are absolute or relative contraindications to the use of coronary </span>computed tomographic angiography (CCTA).</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 6","pages":"Pages 733-742"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10313381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter from the Editors","authors":"Kirsten Bouchelouche MD, DMSc,&nbsp;M. Michael Sathekge MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 555-557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9971178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathologically Validated Diagnostic Accuracy of PSMA-PET/CT in the Primary and Secondary Staging of Prostate Cancer and the Impact of PSMA-PET/CT on Clinical Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Varinder Jeet PhD,&nbsp;Bonny Parkinson PhD,&nbsp;Rachel Song MHEcon (Adv),&nbsp;Rajan Sharma PhD,&nbsp;Martin Hoyle PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a highly expressed protein in prostate cancer (PCa) and has become an increasingly popular target for </span>molecular imaging<span><span><span> in recent years. PSMA based positron-emission-tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a well characterised hybrid imaging modality that combines the high sensitivity of PET with the high spatial resolution of CT imaging. The combination of these two imaging modalities provides an accurate tool for detecting and managing PCa. Several diagnostic accuracy and clinical management studies investigating the role of PSMA PET/CT in PCa have been published recently. This study aimed to perform an updated </span>systematic review<span><span> and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PSMA PET/CT in localised, </span>lymph node metastatic (LNM) and recurrent PCa patients and assess its impact on the clinical management of primary and recurrent PCa. Using Medline, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases, studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy and clinical management of PSMA PET/CT were analysed based on the PRISMA guidelines. Statistical analyses were conducted using random-effects models, and meta-regression explored observed heterogeneity. Results indicate that the sensitivity and specificity of PSMA PET/CT for localised PCa were 71.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 58.0, 81.0) and 92.0% (95% CI: 86.0, 96.0), respectively (N = 10; n = 404 patients). Sensitivity and specificity in LNM were 57.0% (95% CI: 49.0, 64.0) and 96.0% (95% CI: 95.0, 97.0) (N = 36; n = 3,659 patients). For patients with </span></span>biochemical recurrence (BCR), sensitivity was 84.0% (95% CI: 74.0, 90.0), and specificity was 97.0% (95% CI: 88.0, 99.0) (N = 9; n = 818 patients). The pooled proportion of management changes in primary (N = 16; n = 1,099 patients) and recurrent (N = 40; n = 5,398 patients) PCa was 28.0% (95% CI: 23.0, 34.0) and 54.0% (95% CI: 50.0, 58.0), respectively. In conclusion, PSMA PET/CT shows moderate sensitivity and high specificity in localised and LNM disease, while the accuracy in BCR patients was high. PSMA PET/CT also had a large impact on the clinical management of PCa patients. This is the most extensive and first systematic review to include three subgroups of PCa with histologically verified diagnostic accuracy and clinical management change reported separately in primary and recurrent disease settings.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 706-718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9976548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is There a Role of Artificial Intelligence in Preclinical Imaging?","authors":"Alina Küper MD ,&nbsp;Paul Blanc-Durand MD ,&nbsp;Andrei Gafita MD ,&nbsp;David Kersting MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Wolfgang P. Fendler MD ,&nbsp;Constantin Seibold MSc ,&nbsp;Alexandros Moraitis MSc ,&nbsp;Katharina Lückerath PhD ,&nbsp;Michelle L. James PhD ,&nbsp;Robert Seifert MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>This review provides an overview of the current opportunities for integrating artificial intelligence methods into the field of preclinical imaging<span> research in nuclear medicine. The growing demand for imaging agents<span> and therapeutics that are adapted to specific tumor phenotypes can be excellently served by the evolving multiple capabilities of </span></span></span>molecular imaging<span><span> and theranostics. However, the increasing demand for rapid development of novel, specific radioligands<span> with minimal side effects that excel in diagnostic imaging and achieve significant therapeutic effects requires a challenging preclinical pipeline: from target identification through chemical, physical, and biological development to the conduct of </span></span>clinical trials<span>, coupled with dosimetry and various pre, interim, and post-treatment staging images to create a translational feedback loop for evaluating the efficacy of diagnostic or therapeutic ligands. In virtually all areas of this pipeline, the use of artificial intelligence and in particular deep-learning systems such as neural networks could not only address the above-mentioned challenges, but also provide insights that would not have been possible without their use. In the future, we expect that not only the clinical aspects of nuclear medicine will be supported by artificial intelligence, but that there will also be a general shift toward artificial intelligence-assisted </span></span></span><span><em>in silico</em></span> research that will address the increasingly complex nature of identifying targets for cancer patients and developing radioligands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 687-693"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10329617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Neuroendocrine Tumors","authors":"Gamze Beydağı, N. Alan Selçuk, L. Kabasakal","doi":"10.4274/nts.galenos.2023.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/nts.galenos.2023.0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"263 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87194367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and Radiobiological Properties of Alpha Emitter Isotopes Used in Radionuclide Therapy","authors":"Türkay Toklu","doi":"10.4274/nts.galenos.2023.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/nts.galenos.2023.0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73960244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical Evaluation of Novel PET Probes for Dementia","authors":"Romy Cools MSc ,&nbsp;Kobe Kerkhofs MSc ,&nbsp;Renan C.F. Leitao PhD ,&nbsp;Guy Bormans PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The development of novel PET imaging agents that selectively bind specific dementia-related targets can contribute significantly to accurate, differential and early diagnosis of dementia causing </span>diseases<span> and support the development of therapeutic agents. Consequently, in recent years there has been a growing body of literature describing the development and evaluation of potential new promising PET tracers for dementia. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of novel dementia PET probes under development, classified by their target, and pinpoints their preclinical evaluation pathway, typically involving </span></span>in silico, in vitro and ex/in vivo evaluation. Specific target-associated challenges and pitfalls, requiring extensive and well-designed preclinical experimental evaluation assays to enable successful clinical translation and avoid shortcomings observed for previously developed ‘well-established’ dementia PET tracers are highlighted in this review.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 599-629"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10030814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}