Seminars in nuclear medicine最新文献

Impact of [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT Radiomics and Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Decision Making in Lung Cancer: Its Current Role.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.006

Alireza Safarian, Seyed Ali Mirshahvalad, Hadi Nasrollahi, Theresa Jung, Christian Pirich, Hossein Arabi, Mohsen Beheshti

{"title":"Impact of [18F]FDG PET/CT Radiomics and Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Decision Making in Lung Cancer: Its Current Role.","authors":"Alireza Safarian, Seyed Ali Mirshahvalad, Hadi Nasrollahi, Theresa Jung, Christian Pirich, Hossein Arabi, Mohsen Beheshti","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent cancers globally and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, accounting for nearly one-fifth of all cancer fatalities. Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) plays a vital role in assessing lung cancer and managing disease progression. While traditional PET/CT imaging relies on qualitative analysis and basic quantitative parameters, radiomics offers a more advanced approach to analyzing tumor phenotypes. Recently, radiomics has gained attention for its potential to enhance the prognostic and diagnostic capabilities of [18F]FDG PET/CT in various cancers. This review explores the expanding role of [18F]FDG PET/CT-based radiomics, particularly when integrated with artificial intelligence (AI), in managing lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We review how radiomics and AI improve diagnostics, staging, tumor subtype identification, and molecular marker detection, which influence treatment decisions. Additionally, we address challenges in clinical integration, such as imaging protocol standardization, feature reproducibility, and the need for extensive prospective studies. Ultimately, radiomics and AI hold great promise for enabling more personalized and effective lung cancer treatments, potentially transforming disease management.","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PET/MRI in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.009

Fawziah Alorfi, Jamshed Bomanji, Linda Bertoletti, Francesco Fraioli

{"title":"PET/MRI in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).","authors":"Fawziah Alorfi, Jamshed Bomanji, Linda Bertoletti, Francesco Fraioli","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 80%-85% of cases. Accurate imaging is critical for staging, treatment planning, and follow-up. While CT and PET/CT are standard imaging modalities, PET/MR is a relatively new and promising radiation free technique combining the potentiality of MRI with the metabolic information of PET scans, allowing undeniable advantages including: superior contrast resolution, particularly in soft tissues; functional information through specific MRI sequences (eg, diffusion-weighted and perfusion sequences), reflecting changes at a cellular level; and more superior sensitivity compared to CT and PET/CT for detecting metastases in common metastatic sites such as the brain, liver, adrenal glands, and bone. These advantages position PET/MR as a valuable tool in comprehensive lung cancer staging. While it is not yet a routine clinical tool, ongoing advancements in imaging technology, protocol optimization, and large-scale studies may establish PET/MR as a key component in the personalized management of lung cancer.","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FAPI PET in the Management of Lung Tumors.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.011

Anne-Leen Deleu, Qaid Ahmed Shagera, Sophie Veldhuijzen van Zanten, Patrick Flamen, Olivier Gheysens, Hubertus Hautzel

{"title":"FAPI PET in the Management of Lung Tumors.","authors":"Anne-Leen Deleu, Qaid Ahmed Shagera, Sophie Veldhuijzen van Zanten, Patrick Flamen, Olivier Gheysens, Hubertus Hautzel","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), selectively expressed on activated fibroblasts in proliferating tissues, is emerging as a promising target in oncology. In lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, [18F]FDG PET/CT has set the bar high and earned widespread recognition in clinical guidelines for its essential role in staging and follow-up. Yet, FAP-targeted imaging agents like FAPI PET/CT have demonstrated significant potential due to their high tumor specificity, rapid tracer uptake, and low background activity. This review focuses on the role of FAPI PET/CT in lung cancer, highlighting its applications in staging, biomarker evaluation, and clinical management. FAP expression correlates with cancer associated fibroblast-driven tumorigenesis in lung cancer, showing higher expression in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) subtypes. Studies reveal that FAPI PET/CT provides comparable or superior detection rates for primary tumors and metastases compared to [18F]FDG PET/CT, particularly in brain, pleural, and bone lesions. It also enhances accuracy in lymph node staging, influencing disease management by enabling surgical resection in cases misclassified by [18F]FDG PET/CT. Despite these advantages, several challenges remain, such as differentiating benign from malignant lesions, assessing FAPI's prognostic implications or its role in treatment response monitoring. Future directions include exploring FAPI-based theranostics, standardizing radiopharmaceuticals, and conducting well-designed, adequately powered prospective trials. FAPI PET/CT represents a transformative diagnostic tool, complementing or potentially surpassing [18F]FDG PET/CT in precision lung cancer care.","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of AI in the Evaluation of Neuroendocrine Tumors: Current State of the Art.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.003

Felipe Lopez-Ramirez, Mohammad Yasrab, Florent Tixier, Satomi Kawamoto, Elliot K Fishman, Linda C Chu

引用次数: 0

FDG PET/CT for Staging Lung Carcinoma: An Update.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.002

Chabi Sathekge, Justine Maes, Alex Maes, Christophe Van de Wiele

{"title":"FDG PET/CT for Staging Lung Carcinoma: An Update.","authors":"Chabi Sathekge, Justine Maes, Alex Maes, Christophe Van de Wiele","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"In non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) carcinoma, the CT-part of the FDG PET/CT examination is of primary importance for T (tumor)-status assessment, while information derived from the primary tumor on the FDG-part of the examination may provide additional information on N- (lymph node) status. FDG PET/CT imaging was shown to have an overall sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 84% for identifying LN involvement in NSCLC. Parameters that may predict the presence and quantify the risk of LN-involvement in NSCLC missed on FDG PET/CT imaging are tumor size and its increase over time, tumor differentiation degree, the number of days elapsed from the time of initial diagnosis, an adenocarcinoma subtype, a central versus peripheral location of the primary tumor and a solid versus mixed solid-ground glass radiologic character. Nomograms incorporating several of these variables have been published and made available for clinical usage. Furthermore, FDG PET/CT imaging was shown to have an overall higher sensitivity for identifying extra-thoracic metastases than convential morphological imaging and this especially for bone and adrenal lesions. In small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), limited available data have shown FDG PET/CT imaging to be systematically more accurate for staging purposes when compared to conventional staging and to lead to a change in disease stage (limited versus extensive disease) in up to 15% of SCLC-patients.","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT in Monitoring of Therapy Response in Lung Cancer.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.002

Akinwale Ayeni, Osayande Evbuomwan, Mboyo-Di-Tamba Willy Vangu

{"title":"The Role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in Monitoring of Therapy Response in Lung Cancer.","authors":"Akinwale Ayeni, Osayande Evbuomwan, Mboyo-Di-Tamba Willy Vangu","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with an all stage 5-year relative survival rate of less than 30%. Multiple treatment strategies are available and continue to evolve, with therapy primarily tailored to the type and stage of the disease. Accurate monitoring of therapy response is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes. PET/CT imaging with [18F]FDG has become the standard of care across various phases of lung cancer management due to its ability to assess metabolic activity. This review underscores the pivotal role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in evaluating therapy response in lung cancer, particularly in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It examines conventional response criteria and their adaptations in the era of immunotherapy, highlighting the value of integrating metabolic imaging with established criteria to improve treatment assessment and guide clinical decisions. The potential of non-[18F]FDG PET tracers targeting diverse biological pathways to provide deeper insights into tumor biology, therapy response and predictive outcomes is also explored. Additionally, the emerging role of radiomics in enhancing treatment efficacy assessment and improving patient management is briefly highlighted. Despite the challenges in the routine clinical application of various metabolic response criteria, [18F]FDG PET/CT remains a crucial tool in monitoring therapy response in lung cancer. Ongoing advancements in therapeutic strategies, radiopharmaceuticals, and imaging techniques continue to drive progress in lung cancer management, promising improved patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current and Future Perspective of PET/CT in Response Assessment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.001

Manar Badarna, Zohar Keidar, Elite Arnon-Sheleg

引用次数: 0

Demystifying the Role of Immuno PET-CT in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Clinical Value and Research Trends.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.02.004

Sobhan Vinjamuri, Vineet Pant

引用次数: 0

AI in Breast Cancer Imaging: An Update and Future Trends.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.008

Yizhou Chen, Xiaoliang Shao, Kuangyu Shi, Axel Rominger, Federico Caobelli

{"title":"AI in Breast Cancer Imaging: An Update and Future Trends.","authors":"Yizhou Chen, Xiaoliang Shao, Kuangyu Shi, Axel Rominger, Federico Caobelli","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer affecting women worldwide. Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming breast cancer imaging by enhancing diagnostic capabilities across multiple imaging modalities including mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicines techniques. AI is being applied to diverse tasks such as breast lesion detection and classification, risk stratification, molecular subtyping, gene mutation status prediction, and treatment response assessment, with emerging research demonstrating performance levels comparable to or potentially exceeding those of radiologists. The large foundation models are showing remarkable potential in different breast cancer imaging tasks. Self-supervised learning gives an insight into data inherent correlation, and federated learning is an alternative way to maintain data privacy. While promising results have been obtained so far, data standardization from source, large-scale annotated multimodal datasets, and extensive prospective clinical trials are still needed to fully explore and validate deep learning's clinical utility and address the legal and ethical considerations, which will ultimately determine its widespread adoption in breast cancer care. We hereby provide a review of the most up-to-date knowledge on AI in breast cancer imaging.","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential of Technetium and Rhenium Theranostics.

IF 4.6 2区医学

Seminars in nuclear medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.005

Geoffrey M Currie, Eric M Rohren

{"title":"Potential of Technetium and Rhenium Theranostics.","authors":"Geoffrey M Currie, Eric M Rohren","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"While theranostics has transformed the precision medicine landscape over the last decade, there is scope for the development of true theranostic pairs, e.g. diagnostic and therapeutic partners in which any physical, chemical, and biological differences are negligible to in vivo application. Although simple to state in theory, there are, in fact, limited options exhibiting optimal physical characteristics and wholly shared elements. Further compounding real-world application of the traditional theranostic method are additional barriers. The use of PET/CT as the cornerstone of the diagnostic pair in theranostics creates inequity of access and opportunity based on socioeconomic and geographic factors, and the growing demand for both 68Ga and 177Lu is straining production capabilities globally. Improving access to theranostics globally will require novel thinking and infrastructure investment to ensure that patients of all economic and social backgrounds have access to this transformative technology. An approach which is underdeveloped, but which may address gaps in health inequities and improve outcomes, is the application of the widely available generator-produced 99mTc for imaging and 188Re for therapy. Despite favourable and near identical radiochemistry, the search for the next generation of theranostic radionuclide pairs seldom references technetium or rhenium radionuclides. Advances in SPECT/CT instrumentation and radiochemistry provide an opportunity to deliver theranostics to communities not serviced by PET-based theranostics. The 188Re and 99mTc supply by daily elution of a generator affords significant convenience, flexibility and delayed biomolecule imaging. Low abundance gamma emissions of 188Re allow serial imaging and dosimetry calculations. 99mTc / 188Re theranostics could address inequity in access and opportunity to cutting edge theranostics.","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0