Seminars in nuclear medicine最新文献

{"title":"Clinical translation of targeted alpha therapy: safety, dosimetry, radiation protection, and regulatory considerations.","authors":"Narges Jokar, Ali Pashazadeh, Malik E Juweid, Atena Najdian, Esmail Jafari, Felix M Mottaghy, Majid Assadi, Mike M Sathekge","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) has moved from a largely experimental approach into clinically relevant radiopharmaceutical therapy, although evidence varies across radionuclides and products. Alpha particles combine high linear energy transfer with a tissue range of only a few cell diameters. This permits dense, localized energy deposition but creates challenges in dosimetry, radiopharmaceutical production, quality control, contamination control, patient management, waste disposal, and regulation. This review examines evidence for safe clinical implementation and distinguishes established practice from emerging concepts and institution-specific choices. Radium-223 has the strongest clinical and regulatory foundation; actinium-225, lead-212, thorium-227, astatine-211, and bismuth-213 agents are at different stages of development. Particular attention is given to alpha recoil and daughter-radionuclide redistribution, Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD)-based and small-scale dosimetry, route-dependent radionuclidic impurities, good manufacturing practice, prevention of internal contamination, renal and salivary-gland toxicity, marrow risk, and jurisdiction-specific regulatory requirements. Technologies already entering specialist workflows, including quantitative imaging, Monte Carlo transport, and voxel dosimetry, are distinguished from proof-of-concept automation and more aspirational artificial-intelligence applications. Evidence supports carefully governed TAT in selected indications and trials, but routine use remains limited by radionuclide supply, product-specific dosimetry, organ toxicity, manufacturing standardization, long-term safety data, and regulatory heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PET/CT in benign bone disorders: An update.","authors":"Ben F Bulten, Wouter van der Bruggen","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Benign bone disorders encompass a diverse spectrum of nonmalignant conditions, with a varying pathophysiology and diagnostic workup. In recent years, PET/CT imaging has secured a prominent place in the analysis of benign bone disorders, functioning as a diagnostic discriminator and cross-disciplinary tool, rather than as a first-line test. In these patients, substitution of bone scintigraphy by [¹⁸F]NaF-PET/CT is steadily growing, reflecting renewed scientific interest in this tool. Other relevant radiopharmaceuticals comprise [¹⁸F]FDG and, to a lesser extent, [¹⁸F]choline. This review provides an overview of the current status of clinical PET/CT imaging in the workup and follow up of patients with (suspected) benign bone disease, supporting clinical decision-making and guiding future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric dynamic SPECT using a 3D CZT-ring camera for rapid characterization of disseminated splenosis.","authors":"Gilles Metrard, Réjane Mazet, Matthieu Bailly","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.08.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 71-year-old man underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for bladder cancer staging, revealing latero-vesical lymphadenopathy and multiple hypermetabolic peritoneal nodules suspicious for carcinomatosis. Given an old history of splenectomy, splenosis was suspected. Dynamic SPECT with heat-damaged labeled erythrocytes using a 3D CZT-ring camera demonstrated linear tracer uptake in splenosis nodules. Parametric slope imaging allowed unequivocal lesion detection and characterization. This dynamic SPECT approach supports the possibility of shortening the overall acquisition time to under 10 minutes, while achieving superior lesion contrast and discrimination compared with conventional late static imaging performed 25 minutes after injection.</p>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of ¹⁸F-fluoride PET in bone metastases: an overview.","authors":"Caroline Torricelli, Ellen Nogueira-Lima, Elba Etchebehere","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.08.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone metastases are a major cause of morbidity in patients with advanced cancer, making accurate detection essential for staging, treatment planning, and response assessment. Among molecular imaging techniques, ¹⁸F-sodium fluoride (¹⁸F-NaF) PET/CT is one of the most sensitive modalities for evaluating osteoblastic skeletal metastases because of its rapid blood clearance and high bone uptake identifying areas of increased bone remodeling associated with metastatic disease. Despite its excellent diagnostic performance, the clinical role of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT has evolved with the emergence of disease-specific PET radiotracers and advances in hybrid imaging. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological basis and imaging principles of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT, followed by comparison with other imaging modalities, including conventional bone scintigraphy, SPECT/CT, CT, whole-body MRI and other PET/CT tracers, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each modality. Clinical applications of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT in bone metastatic disease is discussed across malignancies. Limitations and pitfalls relevant to interpretation and clinical use of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT are reviewed, including false-positive and false-negative findings, artifacts, the flare phenomenon, cost and limited availability, and radiation dose considerations. Finally, advances in quantitative PET imaging, artificial intelligence, and hybrid imaging are discussed as promising tools to improve the diagnostic performance and clinical utility of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT. This review highlights the current evidence supporting the use of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT and discusses its evolving role in the imaging evaluation of bone metastases.</p>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MALT lymphoma with synchronous lacrimal gland and gastric involvement on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT: a rare presentation.","authors":"Yahya Eryilmaz, Esin Gezmis, Aysegul Uner, Serkan Akin, Murat Fani Bozkurt","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.08.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 42-year-old woman presented with painless left upper eyelid swelling for one year. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed left lacrimal gland enlargement, raising suspicion for malignancy. Biopsy confirmed lacrimal gland mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT performed for initial staging demonstrated an additional unexpected hypermetabolic gastric mass. Endoscopic biopsy of the gastric lesion confirmed gastric MALT lymphoma. Although ocular adnexal MALT lymphomas typically present with localized disease and nonspecific clinical manifestations, comprehensive staging may identify additional disease sites. This case highlights the importance of recognizing synchronous involvement by MALT lymphoma at distinct extranodal sites for accurate staging and clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging intraosseous hemangiomas: Typical and atypical features across modalities.","authors":"Casey Bonzell, Jonathan Lee, Michelle R Santoso, Michelle Chen, Adam Miller, Ali Gholamrezanezhad","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.08.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intraosseous hemangiomas are benign vascular lesions within osseous structures, often found incidentally in the spine. Their imaging appearance consists of a variable mixture of fat, vascular channels, and remodeled trabecular bone. Fat-rich lesions typically have characteristic findings, including but not limited to vertically-oriented trabeculae on radiographs, a \"polka-dot\" pattern on axial computed tomography (CT), a \"corduroy\" pattern on sagittal or coronal CT, and hyperintensities on both T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Conversely, atypical lesions are lipid-poor and may be T1 hypointense and less conspicuous on CT. Imaging appearance may overlap with metastatic disease and other marrow-replacing processes. Aggressive hemangiomas represent an important clinical subset often characterized by osseous expansion, cortical disruption, and epidural or paravertebral extension, pathologic fracture, or neurologic compromise. In current practice, the evaluation of vertebral hemangiomas with nuclear medicine can be challenging due to highly variable and often non-specific radiotracer uptake. On technetium-99m (^99mTc) bone scintigraphy, lesions are often inconspicuous, although decreased or increased uptake may occur. On fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT, hemangiomas are usually non-avid or mildly avid, but occasional marked uptake should not be interpreted in isolation. Uptake on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)- and somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeted PET is similarly inconsistent. Regardless of the radiotracer used, correlation with prior imaging, particularly on CT and MRI, is more reliable than assessing radiotracer avidity alone. This review presents a practical multimodal framework for recognizing typical, atypical, and aggressive intraosseous hemangiomas in adult and pediatric presentations with common nuclear medicine interpretation pitfalls.</p>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PET/CT In paediatric lymphoma: Current role and advances","authors":"Akinwale Ayeni,&nbsp;Tebatso Tebeila,&nbsp;Mampoi Jonas,&nbsp;Osayande Evbuomwan","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ([&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F] FDG) PET/CT has become central to the management of paediatric lymphoma, providing critical information for staging, response assessment, and treatment adaptation. Its integration into international clinical trials and treatment protocols has enabled response-adapted strategies that improve outcomes while reducing long-term toxicity, particularly through the selective omission of radiotherapy in early responders.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Beyond its established clinical role, recent advances are expanding the capabilities of PET/CT. Quantitative biomarkers such as metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) offer more comprehensive assessment of disease burden than conventional metrics like SUVmax. Emerging applications in immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy, highlight the evolving role of PET in response prediction and treatment monitoring, although paediatric-specific data remain limited.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Artificial intelligence and radiomics are introducing novel approaches for automated image analysis and risk stratification, while dose reduction strategies and hybrid imaging modalities such as PET/MRI aim to minimize radiation exposure in children. Additionally, the development of novel radiotracers, including proliferation and immune-targeted agents, may further refine disease characterization in the future.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Despite these advances, significant challenges remain, particularly regarding standardization, validation, and translation into paediatric clinical practice. Continued collaborative research and harmonization efforts will be essential to ensure that technological innovations translate into meaningful improvements in outcomes for children with lymphoma.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ([&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F] FDG) PET/CT has become central to the management of paediatric lymphoma, providing critical information for staging, response assessment, and treatment adaptation. Its integration into international clinical trials and treatment protocols has enabled response-adapted strategies that improve outcomes while reducing long-term toxicity, particularly through the selective omission of radiotherapy in early responders.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Beyond its established clinical role, recent advances are expanding the capabilities of PET/CT. Quantitative biomarkers such as metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) offer more comprehensive assessment of disease burden than conventional metrics like SUVmax. Emerging applications in immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy, highlight the evolving role of PET in response prediction and treatment monitoring, although paediatric-specific data remain limited.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Artificial intelligence and radiomics are introducing novel approaches for automated image analysis and risk stratification, while dose reduction strategies and hybrid imaging modalities such ","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"56 5","pages":"Pages 916-929"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From static to dynamic SPECT/CT: A systematic review of clinical applications and perspectives.","authors":"Gilles Metrard,&nbsp;Clara Cohen,&nbsp;Gilles Le Rouzic,&nbsp;Matthieu Bailly","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background:&lt;/em&gt; Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) is a cornerstone of functional nuclear medicine imaging, traditionally providing static three-dimensional representations of radiotracer distribution. The emergence of 4D SPECT has introduced the temporal dimension to SPECT, enabling the quantification of physiological parameters such as perfusion, uptake, and clearance rates. This systematic review aims to synthesize current evidence on dynamic SPECT principles, clinical applications and perspectives across major organ systems.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods:&lt;/em&gt; A systematic literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed database was searched over a 30-year period up to 2026 using “dynamic” and “SPECT,” supplemented by specific searches in cardiac imaging including “SPECT” and “myocardial blood flow.” All references were imported into the Rayyan web platform for duplicate removal and structured screening. Of the 1,029 studies initially identified, 807 were excluded. The remaining 222 studies were assessed in full text to identify relevant works addressing dynamic SPECT acquisition, reconstruction methods, and clinical applications.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results:&lt;/em&gt; Dynamic SPECT has been explored in several domains, primarily cardiology and nephrology. Cardiac dynamic SPECT enables absolute myocardial blood flow quantification comparable to PET, while renal applications allow the assessment of cortical function and excretory dynamics. Advances in cadmium–zinc–telluride (CZT) detector technology, reconstruction algorithms, and motion-compensated acquisitions have been key to improving temporal and spatial resolution.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/em&gt; Dynamic SPECT/CT represents a major evolution toward quantitative nuclear imaging, bridging the gap between traditional static SPECT and PET kinetics. Continued technological refinement and standardization are essential to establish its role in routine clinical practice.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background:&lt;/em&gt; Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) is a cornerstone of functional nuclear medicine imaging, traditionally providing static three-dimensional representations of radiotracer distribution. The emergence of 4D SPECT has introduced the temporal dimension to SPECT, enabling the quantification of physiological parameters such as perfusion, uptake, and clearance rates. This systematic review aims to synthesize current evidence on dynamic SPECT principles, clinical applications and perspectives across major organ systems.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods:&lt;/em&gt; A systematic literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed database was searched over a 30-year period up to 2026 using “dynamic” and “SPECT,” supplemented by specific searches in cardiac imaging including “SPECT” and “myocardial blood flow.” All references were imported into the Rayyan web platform for duplicate removal and structured screening. Of the 1,029 studie","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"56 5","pages":"Pages 1027-1041"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the testis by FDG-PET/CT; a rare presentation of a rare neoplasm","authors":"Maurits Wondergem,&nbsp;Friso M. van der Zant,&nbsp;Lorine B. Meijer-Jorna,&nbsp;Siebe D. Bos,&nbsp;Remco J.J. Knol","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>FDG-PET/CT in a 73-year-old man revealed incidental FDG accumulation in the left testicle which was eventually diagnosed as an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT): a rare localization of a rare tumor. Previous reports describe moderate to high FDG uptake in IMT but a localization in the testis on FDG-PET has not been described before. Although IMTs are often benign, they can affect nearby tissues and, in rare cases, spread to distant organs. FDG-PET can be used to guide therapy, with surgery being the preferred treatment, and to detect recurrent disease or to evaluate response to systemic treatment.</div></div><div>FDG-PET/CT in a 73-year-old man revealed incidental FDG accumulation in the left testicle which was eventually diagnosed as an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT): a rare localization of a rare tumor. Previous reports describe moderate to high FDG uptake in IMT but a localization in the testis on FDG-PET has not been described before. Although IMTs are often benign, they can affect nearby tissues and, in rare cases, spread to distant organs. FDG-PET can be used to guide therapy, with surgery being the preferred treatment, and to detect recurrent disease or to evaluate response to systemic treatment.</div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"56 5","pages":"Pages 1044-1047"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear medicine in paediatric tumours: current status and focus on theranostics","authors":"Vineet Pant,&nbsp;Vindhya Malasani,&nbsp;Swagat Dash,&nbsp;Chandana Nagaraj,&nbsp;Sobhan Vinjamuri","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Worldwide, Nuclear Medicine is seeing a phenomenal growth in terms of an increasing number of PET-CT scanners being installed, incorporation of routine nuclear medicine procedures in more internationally accepted guidelines as well as advances in the development of more specific radiopharmaceuticals to enable precision guided individualised therapies. In this review, we focus on the increasing role for Nuclear Medicine in the management of paediatric cancers. Since traditional nuclear medicine specialists may have limited awareness and knowledge of paediatric cancers, we have covered this complex topic in the order of frequency of incidence and have provided brief salient points about each cancer and existing management pathways before focusing on the role of Nuclear Medicine. In the final section, we briefly cover some Theranostics related developments on the horizon.</div></div><div>Worldwide, Nuclear Medicine is seeing a phenomenal growth in terms of an increasing number of PET-CT scanners being installed, incorporation of routine nuclear medicine procedures in more internationally accepted guidelines as well as advances in the development of more specific radiopharmaceuticals to enable precision guided individualised therapies. In this review, we focus on the increasing role for Nuclear Medicine in the management of paediatric cancers. Since traditional nuclear medicine specialists may have limited awareness and knowledge of paediatric cancers, we have covered this complex topic in the order of frequency of incidence and have provided brief salient points about each cancer and existing management pathways before focusing on the role of Nuclear Medicine. In the final section, we briefly cover some Theranostics related developments on the horizon.</div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"56 5","pages":"Pages 876-904"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}