Seminars in nuclear medicine最新文献

{"title":"Total-Body PET/CT: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Clemens Mingels MD ,&nbsp;Kevin J. Chung PhD ,&nbsp;Austin R. Pantel MD ,&nbsp;Axel Rominger MD ,&nbsp;Ian Alberts MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Benjamin A. Spencer PhD ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Nardo MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Thomas Pyka MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-axial field-of-view (LAFOV) systems have changed the field of molecular imaging. Since their introduction, many PET centers have installed these next-generation digital systems to provide more detailed imaging and acquire PET images in a single bed position. Indeed, vertex to thigh imaging for oncological indications can be obtained in most of the population with the currently available LAFOV systems. Moreover, Total Body (TB) PET, a subtype of LAFOV, enables imaging the entire patient—from vertex through the toes—with one bed-position for most of the population. This review aims to identify possible challenges and opportunities for PET-centers working with TB and LAFOV systems. Emphasis is placed on the strength and weaknesses in clinical routine of currently available and upcoming TB and LAFOV PET systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142353161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total-Body PET/CT: A Role of Artificial Intelligence?","authors":"Qiyang Zhang PhD ,&nbsp;Zhenxing Huang PhD ,&nbsp;Yuxi Jin PhD ,&nbsp;Wenbo Li MS ,&nbsp;Hairong Zheng PhD ,&nbsp;Dong Liang PhD ,&nbsp;Zhanli Hu PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the cutting-edge applications of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in total-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning technology and its profound impact on the field of medical imaging. The introduction of total-body PET/CT scanners marked a major breakthrough in medical imaging, as their superior sensitivity and ultralong axial fields of view allowed for high-quality PET images of the entire body to be obtained in a single scan, greatly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of diagnoses. However, this advancement is accompanied by the challenges of increasing data volumes and data complexity levels, which pose severe challenges for traditional image processing and analysis methods. Given the excellent ability of AI technology to process massive and high-dimensional data, the combination of AI technology and ultrasensitive PET/CT can be considered a complementary match, opening a new path for rapidly improving the efficiency of the PET-based medical diagnosis process. Recently, AI technology has demonstrated extraordinary potential in several key areas related to total-body PET/CT, including radiation dose reductions, dynamic parametric imaging refinements, quantitative analysis accuracy improvements, and significant image quality enhancements. The accelerated adoption of AI in clinical practice is of particular interest and is directly driven by the rapid progress made by AI technologies in terms of interpretability; i.e., the decision-making processes of algorithms and models have become more transparent and understandable. In the future, we believe that AI technology will fundamentally reshape the use of PET/CT, not only playing a more critical role in clinical diagnoses but also facilitating the customization and implementation of personalized healthcare solutions, providing patients with safer, more accurate, and more efficient healthcare experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 124-136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Axial Field-of-View (LAFOV) PET/CT in Prostate Cancer","authors":"Christos Sachpekidis MD,&nbsp;Antonia Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PSMA-targeted PET/CT is currently considered the most effective non-invasive diagnostic technique for imaging PSMA-positive lesions in prostate cancer (PC), and its introduction has significantly enhanced the role of nuclear medicine in both the diagnosis and therapy (theranostics) of this oncological entity. In line with developments in radiopharmaceuticals, significant progress has been made in the development of PET/CT systems. In particular, the advent of long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT scanners has represented a major leap forward in molecular imaging, with early results from clinical applications of these systems showing significant improvements over previous standard axial field-of-view systems in terms of sensitivity, image quality and lesion quantification, while enabling whole-body dynamic PET imaging. In this context, the introduction of the new LAFOV scanners may further enhance the use and potential of PSMA-ligand PET/CT in the diagnosis and management of PC. The initial but steadily growing literature on the application of the new technology in the field of PSMA-ligand PET/CT has already yielded encouraging results regarding the detection of PC lesions with high sensitivity while providing the possibility of ultra-fast or ultra-low dose examinations. Moreover, whole-body dynamic PET has rendered for the first time feasible to capture the pharmacokinetics PSMA-ligands in all major organs and most tumor lesions with high temporal resolution. The main results of these studies are presented in this review.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 67-75"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Axial Field of View PET/CT: Technical Aspects in Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Tonantzin Samara Martinez-Lucio MD ,&nbsp;Oscar Isaac Mendoza-Ibañez MD ,&nbsp;Wanling Liu MD ,&nbsp;Samaneh Mostafapour MSc ,&nbsp;Zekai Li MSc ,&nbsp;Laura Providência MSc ,&nbsp;Giordana Salvi de Souza MSc ,&nbsp;Philipp Mohr MSc ,&nbsp;Magdalena M. Dobrolinska MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Bram van Leer MD ,&nbsp;Hendrea S.A. Tingen MD ,&nbsp;Joyce van Sluis PhD ,&nbsp;Charalampos Tsoumpas PhD ,&nbsp;Andor W.J.M. Glaudemans MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Klaas Pieter Koopmans MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Adriaan A. Lammertsma PhD ,&nbsp;Riemer H.J.A. Slart MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT) plays a pivotal role in the assessment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), particularly in the context of ischemic heart disease. Nevertheless, its application in other forms of CVD, such as infiltrative, infectious, or inflammatory conditions, remains limited. Recently, PET/CT systems with an extended axial field of view (LAFOV) have been developed, offering greater anatomical coverage and significantly enhanced PET sensitivity. These advancements enable head-to-pelvis imaging with a single bed position, and in systems with an axial field of view (FOV) of approximately 2 meters, even total body (TB) imaging is feasible in a single scan session. The application of LAFOV PET/CT in CVD presents a promising opportunity to improve systemic cardiovascular assessments and address the limitations inherent to conventional short axial field of view (SAFOV) devices. However, several technical challenges, including procedural considerations for LAFOV systems in CVD, complexities in data processing, arterial input function extraction, and artefact management, have not been fully explored. This review aims to discuss the technical aspects of LAFOV PET/CT in relation to CVD by highlighting key opportunities and challenges and examining the impact of these factors on the evaluation of most relevant CVD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 52-66"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Total Body PET/CT in Inflammatory Disorders","authors":"Shervin Zoghi BS ,&nbsp;Clemens Mingels MD ,&nbsp;Ramsey D. Badawi PhD ,&nbsp;Benjamin A. Spencer PhD ,&nbsp;Tracy L. Yarbrough MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Nardo MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Abhijit J. Chaudhari PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammatory disorders historically have been difficult to monitor with conventional PET imaging due to limitations including radiation exposure, lack of validated imaging biomarkers, low spatial resolution, and long acquisition durations. However, the recent development of long-axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT scanners may allow utilization of novel noninvasive biomarkers to diagnose, predict outcomes, and monitor therapeutic response of inflammatory conditions. LAFOV PET scanners can image most of the human body (if not the entire body) simultaneously in one bed position, with improved signal collection efficiency compared to conventional PET scanners. This allows for imaging with shorter acquisition durations, decreased injected radiotracer dose, prolonged uptake times, or a combination of any of these. In addition, LAFOV PET scanners enable whole-body dynamic imaging. Altogether, these intrinsically superior capabilities in assessing both local and systemic diseases, have allowed these scanners to make increasingly significant contributions to the assessment of inflammatory conditions. This review aims to further explore the role and benefits of LAFOV scanners for imaging various inflammatory conditions while addressing future developments and challenges faced by this technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter from the Editors","authors":"Kirsten Bouchelouche MD, DMSc,&nbsp;M. Michael Sathekge MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total-Body PET/CT: Pros and Cons","authors":"Rodney J. Hicks AM, MBBS (Hons), MD, FRACP, FAAHMS, FICIS ,&nbsp;Robert E. Ware MBBS, FCP, FAANMS ,&nbsp;Jason Callahan BAppSci (MedRad), PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PET/CT devices with an axial field-of-view (FOV) of 1 m allow simultaneous imaging from the head to the upper thighs, the typical axial extent of many “whole-body” oncological studies acquired by moving a patient sequentially through a conventional FOV device, or rapid total-body imaging using the same approach. Increasing the FOV to around 2 m provides true simultaneous total-body imaging. Either approach dramatically increases the sensitivity for detection of annihilation events arising within the body. For the purposes of this review, both configurations are considered to represent “total-body” PET/CT devices because they share both advantages and disadvantages. These pros and cons are discussed in the context of both clinical and research applications from a patient and institutional perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Body Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography: Current Status in Oncology","authors":"Cristina Nanni MD ,&nbsp;Andrea Farolfi MD ,&nbsp;Paolo Castellucci MD ,&nbsp;Stefano Fanti MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a crucial imaging modality in oncology, providing functional insights by detecting metabolic activity in tissues. Total-body (TB) PET and large field-of-view PET have emerged as advanced techniques, offering whole-body imaging in a single acquisition. TB PET enables simultaneous imaging from head to toe, providing comprehensive information on tumor distribution, metastasis, and treatment response. This is particularly valuable in oncology, where metastatic spread often requires evaluation of multiple body areas. By covering the entire body, TB PET improves diagnostic accuracy, reduces scan time, and increases patient comfort. Furthermore, these new tomographs offer a marked increase in sensitivity, thanks to their ability to capture a larger volume of data simultaneously. This heightened sensitivity enables the detection of smaller lesions and more subtle metabolic changes, improving diagnostic accuracy in the early stages of cancer or in the evaluation of minimal residual disease. Moreover, the increased sensitivity allows for lower radiotracer doses without compromising image quality, reducing patient exposure to radiation or very quick acquisitions. Another significant advantage is the possibility of dynamic acquisitions, which allow for continuous monitoring of tracer kinetics over time. This provides critical information about tissue perfusion, metabolism, and receptor binding in real time. Dynamic imaging is particularly useful for assessing treatment response in oncology, as it enables the evaluation of tumor behavior over a period rather than a single static snapshot, offering insights into tumor aggressiveness and potential therapeutic targets. This review is focused on the current applications of TB and large field-of-view PET scanners in oncology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Axial Field-of-View PET/CT: New Opportunities for Pediatric Imaging","authors":"André Henrique Dias MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kim Francis Andersen MD ,&nbsp;Marie Øbro Fosbøl MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Lars Christian Gormsen MD, PhD, Professor ,&nbsp;Flemming Littrup Andersen MSc, PhD, Assoc. Prof ,&nbsp;Ole Lajord Munk MSc, PhD, Professor","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combined use of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Computed Tomography (CT) has become increasingly vital for diagnosing and managing oncological and infectious diseases in pediatric patients. The introduction of long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT scanners, also known as “Total Body PET/CT,” marks a significant advancement in nuclear medicine. This new technology enables faster pediatric imaging with substantially reduced radiation exposure and essentially eliminates the need for sedation, addressing previous critical concerns in pediatric imaging. This review will explore the applications and challenges of LAFOV PET/CT in pediatric imaging, highlight the benefits observed at two Danish hospitals, and evaluate its potential to transform the management of pediatric patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 76-85"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Body PET/CT: A Role in Musculoskeletal Diseases","authors":"Sanaz Katal MD-MPH ,&nbsp;Parth Patel BS ,&nbsp;Jonathan Lee BS ,&nbsp;Kim Taubman MBBS ,&nbsp;Ali Gholamrezanezhad MD","doi":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in PET technology have culminated in the development of total-body PET (TB-PET) systems, which overcome many limitations of traditional scanners. These TB-PET scanners, while still becoming widely available, represent the forefront of clinical imaging across numerous medical institutions worldwide. Early clinical applications have demonstrated their enhanced image quality, precise lesion quantification, and overall superior performance relative to conventional scanners. The capabilities of TB-PET technology, including extended scan range, ultrahigh sensitivity, exceptional temporal resolution, and dynamic imaging, offer significant potential to tackle unresolved clinical challenges in medical imaging. In this discussion, we aim to explore the emerging applications, opportunities, and future perspectives of TB-PET/CT in musculoskeletal disorders<span> (MSDs). Clinical applications for both oncologic and non-oncologic musculoskeletal diseases are discussed, including inflammatory arthritis<span><span>, infections, osteoarthritis, </span>osteoporosis<span><span>, and skeletal muscle disorders. From the ability to visualize small musculoskeletal structures and the entire axial and </span>appendicular skeleton, TB-PET shows significant potential in the diagnosis and management of MSD conditions as it becomes more widely available.</span></span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":21643,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in nuclear medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"Pages 86-97"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141470547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}