Obesity最新文献

{"title":"The impact of a low-carbohydrate (vs. low-fat) diet on fat mass loss in African American women is modulated by insulin sensitivity","authors":"Catia Martins,&nbsp;David R. Bryan,&nbsp;S. Katherine Sweatt,&nbsp;W. Timothy Garvey,&nbsp;Kevin R. Fontaine,&nbsp;Gareth R. Dutton,&nbsp;Barbara A. Gower","doi":"10.1002/oby.24201","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24201","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to examine the independent and interactive effects of insulin sensitivity (S_I), the acute insulin response to glucose, and diet on changes in fat mass (FM), resting and total energy expenditure (REE and TEE, respectively), and mechanical efficiency, during weight loss, in African American women with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 69 women were randomized to low-fat (55% carbohydrate [CHO], 20% fat) or low-CHO (20% CHO, 55% fat) hypocaloric diets for 10 weeks, followed by a 4-week weight-stabilization period (controlled feeding). S_I and acute insulin response to glucose were measured at baseline with an intravenous glucose tolerance test; body composition was measured with bioimpedance analysis at baseline and week 10; and REE, TEE, and mechanical efficiency were measured with indirect calorimetry, doubly labeled water, and a submaximal bike test, respectively, at baseline and week 14.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Within the group with low S_I, those on the low-CHO diet lost more weight (mean [SE], −6.6 [1.0] vs. −4.1 [1.4] kg; <i>p</i> = 0.076) and FM (−4.9 [0.9] vs. −2.1 [1.0] kg; <i>p</i> = 0.04) and experienced a lower reduction in REE (−48 [30] vs. −145 [30] kcal/day; <i>p</i> = 0.035) and TEE (mean [SE] 67 [56] vs. −230 [125] kcal/day; <i>p</i> = 0.009) compared with those on the low-fat diet.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A low-CHO diet leads to a greater FM loss in African American women with obesity and low S_I, likely by minimizing the reduction in EE that follows weight loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"257-266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment in five randomized controlled STEP trials","authors":"Beverly G. Tchang,&nbsp;Michael G. Knight,&nbsp;Kasper Adelborg,&nbsp;Jennifer N. Clements,&nbsp;Aske Thorn Iversen,&nbsp;Andrea Traina","doi":"10.1002/oby.24202","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24202","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to assess antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment changes in participants receiving semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo across pooled populations from five Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with Obesity (STEP) trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg were evaluated in the STEP clinical trials. In this post hoc analysis, STEP 1, 3, 6, and 8 (which included people with overweight or obesity) and, separately, STEP 2 and 6 (which included people with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes) were pooled for analysis. Changes in antihypertensive or lipid-lowering treatment intensity from randomization to end of treatment were evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In both pooled samples, a higher proportion of participants in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group versus placebo underwent antihypertensive or lipid-lowering treatment intensity reduction by end of treatment. A smaller proportion underwent antihypertensive or lipid-lowering treatment intensification by end of treatment in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group of both samples versus placebo. In participants receiving antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medications in both samples, greater numeric reductions in body weight were observed in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group versus placebo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results support a relationship between semaglutide 2.4 mg treatment of overweight and obesity and reduced need for antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment, facilitating treatment intensity reduction/discontinuation and abating treatment intensification.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"267-277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in abdominal adipose tissues and ectopic fat depots during pregnancy are dissociated from gestational weight gain","authors":"Christina Sonne Mogensen,&nbsp;Faidon Magkos,&nbsp;Elizaveta Chabanova,&nbsp;Christian Mølgaard,&nbsp;Nina Rica Wium Geiker","doi":"10.1002/oby.24176","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24176","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study objective was to evaluate changes in abdominal adipose tissue and ectopic fat during pregnancy and their associations with gestational weight gain (GWG) in women with overweight/obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Magnetic resonance scans were performed during gestational week (GW) 15, GW 32, and around birth to measure abdominal subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissues, liver fat, and muscle fat. Linear mixed models and multivariable linear regression analyses were utilized, adjusting for prepregnancy BMI, parity, and randomization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 119 women, VAT and SAT decreased from GW 15 to GW 32 but rebounded at birth; final levels were lower than at GW 15. Liver fat and muscle fat did not change significantly. GWG was positively associated with changes in SAT but not with those in VAT, liver fat, or muscle fat.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates dynamic changes in abdominal fat depots during pregnancy in women with overweight/obesity. The observed reduction in VAT and SAT during pregnancy and the association of GWG with SAT suggest that weight gain during pregnancy may be less metabolically harmful than outside pregnancy. Future research should investigate the mechanisms and long-term effects on maternal and child health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"238-242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased copeptin may reflect vasopressin-related metabolic changes after bariatric surgery","authors":"Francesca Galbiati,&nbsp;Imen Becetti,&nbsp;Meghan Lauze,&nbsp;Anna Aulinas,&nbsp;Vibha Singhal,&nbsp;Miriam A. Bredella,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Lawson,&nbsp;Madhusmita Misra","doi":"10.1002/oby.24200","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mechanisms underlying metabolic improvement following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) may provide insight into novel therapies. Vasopressin improves body composition and protects against hypoglycemia. Associations of copeptin, a stable cleavage product of vasopressin, with BMI and insulin resistance suggest an adaptive increase in vasopressin to counteract metabolic disruption. To our knowledge, no study has investigated copeptin before and after MBS in humans. This study's aim was to investigate copeptin changes following MBS and associations with metabolic parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a 12-month longitudinal study of 64 youth (78% female; mean age 18.7 [SD 2.8] y) with obesity (mean BMI 45.6 [SD 6.8] kg/m²) undergoing MBS (<i>n</i> = 34) or nonsurgical (NS) lifestyle management (<i>n</i> = 30). Fasting copeptin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body composition, and resting energy expenditure (REE) were assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 12 months, copeptin increased more (time-by-treatment <i>p</i> = 0.017) whereas HbA1c and adiposity decreased more after MBS than NS (<i>ps</i> ≤ 0.036). Copeptin changes correlated negatively with percentage fat mass and REE changes (rho ≤ −0.29; <i>p</i>s ≤ 0.025) in the whole group, and they correlated positively with HbA1c and HOMA-IR (rho ≥ 0.41; false discovery rate–adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.05) and negatively with REE changes (rho = −0.55; false discovery rate–adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.036) in the MBS group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increases in copeptin after weight loss in MBS compared with NS were associated with lower REE and higher HbA1c/HOMA-IR values. Vasopressin may contribute to MBS-related metabolic modifications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"298-307"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial disparities in gestational weight gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Black and White pregnant people with obesity","authors":"Chelsea L. Kracht,&nbsp;Emily W. Harville,&nbsp;Nicole L. Cohen,&nbsp;Elizabeth F. Sutton,&nbsp;Maryam Kebbe,&nbsp;Leanne M. Redman","doi":"10.1002/oby.24206","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study of pregnant people with obesity examined two aims in testing the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic widened racial disparity in maternal health in high-risk pregnancies; it compared by race both (1) gestational weight gain (GWG) patterns and (2) patterns of preexisting conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective chart review included birth certificate and delivery records from a large women's specialty hospital in Louisiana between 2018 and 2022. Differences in preexisting conditions, GWG, and adverse pregnancy outcomes were explored across early-, peak-, and late-pandemic periods using log-linear regression and robust Poisson models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 7431 deliveries (54% Black), Black pregnant people had higher rates of preexisting type 2 diabetes and chronic hypertension but lower rates of gestational diabetes and preeclampsia compared to White pregnant people across all periods. Black individuals had higher prepregnancy weight and lower GWG compared to White individuals across all periods. GWG differences were not significant in peak- and late-pandemic periods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Black individuals with obesity started pregnancy with higher weight and more preexisting conditions but had lower GWG compared to White individuals. Exacerbated disparities in preexisting conditions demonstrate higher health risks for Black individuals during pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"395-404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siesta behavior and genetics interact to influence obesity risk","authors":"María Rodríguez-Martín,&nbsp;Diego Salmerón,&nbsp;Hassan S. Dashti,&nbsp;Ana Isabel Cascales,&nbsp;Aurora Aragón-Alonso,&nbsp;Frank A. J. L. Scheer,&nbsp;Richa Saxena,&nbsp;Marta Garaulet","doi":"10.1002/oby.24173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional study, we aim to investigate the interactions between obesity, siesta behavior, and the genetic propensity for siesta in a Mediterranean population, in whom siesta is deeply rooted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We applied a previously generated Siesta-Polygenic Score (PGS) in the ONTIME study (<i>n</i> = 1278). Siesta and other Mediterranean lifestyle behaviors were characterized using questionnaires. We further determined obesity grade. Secondarily, we measured weight loss during treatment as well as long-term weight-loss maintenance. Logistic regression analyses were performed to address our aim.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 42.4% of the population usually took siesta. A significant genetic influence on siesta propensity was found, with a higher genetic predisposition linked to taking siesta more frequently (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.03–1.32; <i>p</i> = 0.015). Participants with a higher genetic propensity for siesta showed poorer dietary habits (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Among individuals with a high genetic propensity for siesta, we found that those who usually take siesta have lower odds of having obesity (<i>p</i> = 0.038) compared with those who do not. Similarly, in exploratory analysis, among individuals with a high genetic propensity for siesta, we found that those who usually take siesta have higher odds of weight-loss success (<i>p</i> = 0.007) compared with those who do not.   </p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Considering the ongoing debate regarding whether siesta is beneficial or detrimental, our findings suggest that individual genetic predisposition to siesta might influence the association between siesta and health.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"164-176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Obesity Society 2024 Awards and Grants","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/oby.24217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.24217","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The Obesity Society's awards and grants programs recognize specific research achievements and major contributions to the basic science, treatment, and prevention of obesity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;The George A. Bray Founders Award recognizes an individual for significant contributions that advance the scientific or clinical basis for understanding or treating obesity and for extensive involvement with The Obesity Society (TOS). A TOS member receives a plaque and a $1000 award&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Jeffrey M. Zigman, MD, PhD, FTOS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;UT Southwestern Medical Center&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Dallas, Texas&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Learn to Love LEAP2&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Jeffrey Zigman received an MD/PhD from the University of Chicago. He completed a residency in Internal Medicine at the University of Chicago and a fellowship in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Jeff has spent the last 17 years at UT Southwestern Medical Center, where he is currently Professor of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, with a primary appointment in the Center for Hypothalamic Research. His lab's research focuses on ghrelin cell physiology, contributions by the ghrelin system to metabolic disorders, and neuronal mediation of ghrelin action. He is proud to serve as a member of the TOS Governing Board.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Friends of Albert (Mickey) Stunkard Lifetime Achievement Award is designed to recognize people who, like Mickey Stunkard, have made a lifetime of outstanding contributions to the field of obesity in terms of scholarship, mentorship, and education. This member of The Obesity Society receives a plaque and a $1000 award&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Samuel Klein, MD, FTOS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Washington University School of Medicine&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;St. Louis, Missouri&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Metabolic Heterogeneity of Obesity&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Samuel Klein is the William H. Danforth Professor of Medicine, Director of the Center for Human Nutrition, Medical Director of the Clinical and Translational Research Unit, and Chief of the Division of Nutritional Science and Obesity Medicine at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Dr. Klein received an MD degree from Temple University Medical School and an MS degree in Nutritional Biochemistry and Metabolism from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He completed residency training in Internal Medicine and a Clinical Nutrition fellowship at Boston University Hospital, a Nutrition and Metabolism Research fellowship at Harvard Medical School, and a Gastroenterology fellowship at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York. He is board certified in Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Nutrition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;The TOPS Research Achievement Award recognizes an individual for singular achievement or contribution to research in the field of obesity. This award is made possible through an annual grant from the Take Off Pounds Sensibly Club, Inc. (TOPS). The recipient receives a $5000 award along with a plaque and a $1000 stipend to cover travel expenses ","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"209-214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and postpartum hospital use among individuals without additional medical comorbidities","authors":"Kimberly B. Glazer,&nbsp;Teresa Janevic,&nbsp;Natalie Boychuk,&nbsp;Natalia Egorova,&nbsp;Paul Hebert,&nbsp;Jennifer Zeitlin,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Howell","doi":"10.1002/oby.24167","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24167","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to examine whether obesity without preexisting or gestational comorbidities is associated with postpartum hospital use (PHU).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We studied 2016 to 2018 birth certificate and discharge data on 178,729 New York City births without <i>International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision</i> (ICD-10) codes at delivery for diabetes; hypertension; placental disease; anemia; thyrotoxicosis; bariatric surgery; and pulmonary, cardiac, renal, bleeding, autoimmune, digestive, neuromuscular, mental, or substance-use disorders. We defined PHU as ≥1 readmission or emergency department visit within 30 days of delivery discharge. We used ICD-10 codes to specify postpartum hypertension, infection, or hemorrhage during PHU (i.e., “cause-specific PHU”) because these are leading mortality causes. We examined associations between prepregnancy BMI and PHU using multivariable logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PHU incidence was 3.7% for those with normal weight, 5.1% for those with overweight, 6.3% for those with class 1 or 2 obesity, and 9.1% for those with class 3 obesity. A positive association persisted after adjustment. Obesity was associated with cause-specific PHU of postpartum hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.2, 95% confidence limits [CL]: 1.8–2.7, normal weight referent) and wound infection (aOR: 1.5, 95% CL: 1.2–1.8), but not hemorrhage (aOR: 0.9, 95% CL: 0.7–1.3), mastitis, or genitourinary infection (aOR: 1.1, 95% CL: 0.9–1.3).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among individuals without other comorbidities, elevated BMI was associated with PHU. Findings can inform obstetric management to reduce morbidity during the critical fourth trimester.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP1Ra-based therapies and DXA-acquired musculoskeletal health outcomes: a focused meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials","authors":"Kristen M. Beavers,&nbsp;Tiffany M. Cortes,&nbsp;Colleen M. Foy,&nbsp;Lauren Dinkla,&nbsp;Fernando Reyes San Martin,&nbsp;Jamy D. Ard,&nbsp;Monica C. Serra,&nbsp;Daniel P. Beavers","doi":"10.1002/oby.24172","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1Ra)-based therapies on change in dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-acquired lean mass (LM) or bone mineral density (BMD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PubMed and Web of Science were searched from database inception through January 29, 2024, for randomized, placebo-controlled trials reporting on change in DXA-acquired LM or BMD measures associated with 12+ weeks of GLP1Ra-based treatment. Of 2618 articles, 9 trials met prespecified search criteria, with 7 reporting on change in total body LM and 2 reporting on change in BMD. For LM outcomes, a hierarchical Bayesian model was used to estimate treatment mean differences. BMD outcomes were described narratively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LM was reported in a total of 659 participants (GLP1Ra-based therapies: <i>n</i> = 419; placebo: <i>n</i> = 240), with follow-up times ranging from mean (SD) 12 to 72 (33.5) weeks. At baseline, participants were aged mean (SD) 41.7 (7.6) years, and 75% were female, with BMI values ranging from 30 to 43 kg/m². Compared with placebo, GLP1Ra-based treatment was associated with significantly reduced total body weight (−6.9 kg; 95% credible interval [CI]: −10.7 to −3.0). GLP1Ra-based treatment was also associated with significantly reduced LM (−1.9 kg; 95% CI: −3.5 to −0.2).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately 30% of body weight lost with GLP1Ra-based therapy is LM. More data are needed assessing BMD outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"225-237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary treatment patterns of overweight and obesity: insights from the Mass General Brigham health care system","authors":"John W. Ostrominski,&nbsp;Kavishwar B. Wagholikar,&nbsp;Kelly Olsson,&nbsp;Ozan Unlu,&nbsp;David Zelle,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar,&nbsp;Austen M. Smith,&nbsp;Joshua C. Toliver,&nbsp;Wojciech Michalak,&nbsp;Anthony Fabricatore,&nbsp;Bríain Ó. Hartaigh,&nbsp;Heather J. Baer,&nbsp;Christopher P. Cannon,&nbsp;Caroline M. Apovian,&nbsp;Naomi D. L. Fisher,&nbsp;Jorge Plutzky,&nbsp;Benjamin M. Scirica,&nbsp;Alexander J. Blood","doi":"10.1002/oby.24186","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of obesity, obesity-related conditions (ORCs), and antiobesity medication (AOM) eligibility and prescribing practice among eligible patients in a large health care system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional analysis of the multicenter Mass General Brigham health care system (Boston, Massachusetts) spanning 2018 to 2022, adults eligible for AOMs (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² or BMI 27–29.9 kg/m² with ≥1 ORC) were identified. Among those AOM-eligible, the prevalence of prescriptions for AOMs approved for long-term weight management was evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 2,469,474 adults (mean [SD], age 53 [19] years; 57% female; BMI 28.1 [6.3] kg/m²), a total of 1,110,251 (45.0%) were eligible for AOMs. Of these, 69.4% (31.2% of overall cohort) had BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². AOM prescription was observed in 15,214 (1.4%) of all eligible patients, with female sex, younger age, higher BMI, commercial insurance, and greater ORC burden associated with higher prevalence of AOM prescriptions. Musculoskeletal disorders (54%) were the most common ORCs, with ≥2 ORCs observed in 62% of patients. Liraglutide 3.0 mg and semaglutide 2.4 mg were the most frequently prescribed AOMs (58% and 34% of all AOMs, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although nearly one-half of all patients in a large health care system were AOM-eligible by guidelines and regulatory labeling, only 1% of those who were eligible were prescribed AOMs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"365-384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}