Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the metabolic signatures of obesity defined by waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, or BMI","authors":"Moustafa Al Hariri,&nbsp;Haya Al-Sulaiti,&nbsp;Najeha Anwardeen,&nbsp;Khaled Naja,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Elrayess","doi":"10.1002/oby.24070","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Measuring obesity is crucial for assessing health risks and developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. The most common methods used to measure obesity include BMI, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio. This study aimed to determine the metabolic signatures associated with each measure of obesity in the Qatari population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolomics profiling was conducted to identify, quantify, and characterize metabolites in serum samples from the study participants. Inverse rank normalization, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis were used to analyze the metabolomics data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study revealed significant differences in metabolites associated with obesity based on different measurements. In men, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine metabolites were significantly enriched in individuals classified as having obesity based on the waist-hip ratio. In women, significant changes were observed in leucine, isoleucine, and valine metabolism metabolites. Unique metabolites were found in the different categorization groups that could serve as biomarkers for assessing many obesity-related disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified unique metabolic signatures associated with obesity based on different measurements in the Qatari population. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in obesity and may have implications for developing personalized prevention and treatment strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 8","pages":"1494-1507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The subcutaneous adipose transcriptome identifies a molecular signature of insulin resistance shared with visceral adipose","authors":"Mona Mashayekhi,&nbsp;Quanhu Sheng,&nbsp;Samuel S. Bailin,&nbsp;Lucas Massier,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhong,&nbsp;Mingjian Shi,&nbsp;Celestine N. Wanjalla,&nbsp;Thomas J. Wang,&nbsp;T. Alp Ikizler,&nbsp;Kevin D. Niswender,&nbsp;Curtis L. Gabriel,&nbsp;Julia Palacios,&nbsp;Rachel Turgeon-Jones,&nbsp;Cassandra F. Reynolds,&nbsp;James M. Luther,&nbsp;Nancy J. Brown,&nbsp;Saumya Das,&nbsp;Ingrid Dahlman,&nbsp;Jonathan D. Mosley,&nbsp;John R. Koethe,&nbsp;Mikael Rydén,&nbsp;Katherine N. Bachmann,&nbsp;Ravi V. Shah","doi":"10.1002/oby.24064","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to identify the transcriptional landscape of insulin resistance (IR) in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in humans across the spectrum of obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used SAT RNA sequencing in 220 individuals with metabolic phenotyping.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified a 35-gene signature with high predictive accuracy for homeostatic model of IR that was expressed across a variety of non-immune cell populations. We observed primarily “protective” IR associations for adipocyte transcripts and “deleterious” associations for macrophage transcripts, as well as a high concordance between SAT and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Multiple SAT genes exhibited dynamic expression 5 years after weight loss surgery and with insulin stimulation. Using available expression quantitative trait loci in SAT and/or VAT, we demonstrated similar genetic effect sizes of SAT and VAT on type 2 diabetes and BMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SAT is conventionally viewed as a metabolic buffer for lipid deposition during positive energy balance, whereas VAT is viewed as a dominant contributor to and prime mediator of IR and cardiometabolic disease risk. Our results implicate a dynamic transcriptional architecture of IR that resides in both immune and non-immune populations in SAT and is shared with VAT, nuancing the current VAT-centric concept of IR in humans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 8","pages":"1526-1540"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11269023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No causal associations of genetically predicted birth weight and life course BMI with thyroid function and diseases","authors":"Xiaoqin Zhou,&nbsp;Weiqiang Ruan,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Ting Wang,&nbsp;Huizhen Liu,&nbsp;Guiying Zhang","doi":"10.1002/oby.24095","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24095","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observational studies have suggested associations of birth weight, childhood BMI, and adulthood BMI with thyroid function or diseases. However, the causal relationships remain unclear due to residual confounding inherent in conventional epidemiological studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate causal relationships of genetically predicted birth weight, childhood BMI, and adulthood BMI with a range of clinically relevant thyroid outcomes. Additionally, we conducted a reverse MR analysis on adulthood BMI. Data on exposures and outcomes were obtained from large-scale genome-wide association study meta-analyses predominantly composed of individuals of European ancestry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MR analysis revealed no evidence of causal associations of birth weight or BMI at different life stages with thyrotropin (TSH) levels, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroid disorders, or thyroid cancer. Contrarily, thyroid cancer demonstrated a significant causal relationship with increased adulthood BMI (β = 0.010, 95% CI: 0.006–0.015; <i>p</i> = 5.21 × 10⁻⁶).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our comprehensive MR did not find causal links of birth weight, childhood BMI, or adulthood BMI with thyroid diseases but provided evidence that thyroid cancer may play a role in weight gain. Our research findings offer valuable insights into the intricate relationship between body weight and thyroid health throughout an individual's life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 8","pages":"1585-1593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taste sensitivities mediate differential snack choices across BMI groups: a study with New Zealand young male individuals","authors":"Sashie Abeywickrema,&nbsp;Rachel Ginieis,&nbsp;Mei Peng","doi":"10.1002/oby.24032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to: 1) test for the link between snack choices and BMI using a novel sensory-based classification method; and 2) elucidate the role of gustatory sensitivity in orienting snack choices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study employed a dual approach involving sensory and nutritional assessments. Ninety-eight European male individuals were tested for gustatory sensitivities to sweetness, saltiness, umami, and lipid perception. Participant food intake was measured over 4 days. A separate cohort of 327 participants categorized the recorded snacks based on taste patterns, enabling profiling of snack choices across body-weight groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed clear differentiations in snack choices across the BMI groups: Individuals with a higher BMI consumed more \"Sweet\" and \"Sweet+Fat\" snacks and less \"Savory\" snacks compared with the lower-BMI group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Mediation analyses confirmed a significant effect of gustatory sensitivity, showing that the greater choice for \"Sweet\" and \"Sweet+Fat\" snacks among those with a higher BMI was mediated by sensitivities to sweetness and lipid perception (<i>p</i> = 0.008–0.044).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study revealed that gustatory sensitivity can mediate the relationship between BMI and energy consumption from different snacks. These findings highlight the significance of taste perception in shaping snack choice, suggesting potential strategies for interventions aimed at addressing gustatory sensitivity to promote healthier dietary preferences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 8","pages":"1453-1464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141478276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BMI and mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: another brick in the wall of the obesity paradox","authors":"Amanda Vilaverde Perez,&nbsp;Marina Verçoza Viana,&nbsp;Ludmilla Dall'Orto Thomazini,&nbsp;Sérgio Henrique Loss,&nbsp;Fernanda Cassanta Richa de Machado,&nbsp;Aline Graziele do Nascimento,&nbsp;Amanda Pinto Kropidlofscky,&nbsp;Fernando Gerchman,&nbsp;Cristiane Bauermann Leitão,&nbsp;Tatiana Helena Rech,&nbsp;José Augusto Santos Pellegrini","doi":"10.1002/oby.24069","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to assess the existence of the obesity paradox in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a multicentric retrospective cohort study including individuals aged 18 years or older admitted to the intensive care unit with SARS-CoV-2. Data were obtained from electronic medical records. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Multiple logistic regression and restricted cubic splines analyses were conducted to assess the association between BMI and mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From March 2020 to December 2021, 977 patients met the inclusion criteria, and 868 were included in the analysis. Obesity was identified in 382 patients (44%). Patients with obesity more often underwent prone positioning (42% vs. 28%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), although they used less vasoactive medications (57% vs. 68%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The overall in-hospital mortality was 48%, with 44% observed in the subgroup of individuals with obesity and 50% in those without obesity (<i>p</i> = 0.06). Patients with BMI &lt; 25 kg/m² had the highest mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity was not associated with higher mortality rates in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Moreover, patients with BMI &lt; 25 kg/m² had a higher mortality rate compared with those in higher BMI categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 8","pages":"1474-1482"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of discounting fruits, vegetables, and noncaloric beverages in New York City supermarkets on purchasing, intake, and weight","authors":"Atene S. Poskute,&nbsp;Ian Yi Han Ang,&nbsp;Nabilah Rahman,&nbsp;Allan Geliebter","doi":"10.1002/oby.24058","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to assess purchasing, intake, and weight after discounting fruits and vegetables (F&amp;V) and noncaloric beverages in New York City supermarkets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 16-week randomized controlled trial was conducted with a 4-week baseline, an 8-week intervention with 50% discounts on F&amp;V and noncaloric beverages, and a 4-week follow-up. Purchasing was tracked via loyalty cards, and intake was tracked via 24-h dietary recalls. Weights were measured at five in-person visits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 67 participants were analyzed (38 in the experimental group; 29 in the control group). F&amp;V and noncaloric beverage weekly purchasing was greater in the experimental than the control group (mean difference [SD], $4.64 [$1.44], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001; $0.53 [$0.39], <i>p</i> = 0.008) during intervention, with F&amp;V purchasing remaining greater in the experimental versus control group during follow-up (<i>p</i> = 0.005). F&amp;V intake was greater for the experimental than the control group during intervention (142 [105] g/day; <i>p</i> = 0.009) and follow-up (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Although no difference in noncaloric beverage consumption was observed between groups, there was lower alcohol intake in the experimental than the control group during follow-up (−85.8 [60.2] g/day; <i>p</i> = 0.004). The experimental group lost weight compared with the control group (−1.33 [0.92] kg; <i>p</i> = 0.006 intervention and <i>p</i> = 0.106 follow-up). No differences in nutrient composition or high energy-dense product consumption were found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 50% discount on F&amp;V and noncaloric beverages promoted increased purchasing and intake of F&amp;V and induced weight loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 7","pages":"1290-1301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain structure differences in pediatric obesity: cause or consequence?","authors":"Susan Carnell","doi":"10.1002/oby.24098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24098","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Obesity in adults and children is associated with alterations in brain structure and function, as assessed by neuroimaging methods. However, the majority of extant literature, although informative, has been limited by reliance on small samples and cross-sectional data. This has made it challenging to establish reliable obesity-associated differences and to distinguish between two possible explanations. One explanation is that observed brain differences precede the development of excess weight and could thereby function as predictors of weight gain and potentially illuminate central mechanisms driving weight gain. An alternative is that observed brain differences occur subsequent to weight gain and instead reflect downstream effects of metabolic or other physiological sequelae of heightened adiposity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adise et al. [&lt;span&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;] address this important issue by leveraging a large set of data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (http://www.abcdstudy.org). They examine longitudinal relationships between body weight and volume of subcortical brain regions implicated in appetite and weight control over a 2-year period spanning pre- and early adolescence. To decrease the likelihood that current adiposity drives observations, they limit their sample to children who had healthy weight at baseline (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3614). To determine whether brain or weight differences come first, they test two competing models using linear mixed-effect regression. Importantly, owing to the large sample size, they are able to investigate weight gain with potential clinical relevance because, among the &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3614 children designated as having healthy weight at baseline, a total of &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 385 (12%) developed overweight or obesity by the 2-year follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using sex-stratified analyses that carefully control for potential confounders including maternal education, handedness, and puberty, as well as intracranial volume, Adise et al. find that for girls, but not boys, greater increases in body mass index (BMI) are driven by smaller volumes over time in the bilateral accumbens, amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus; the right caudate and ventral diencephalon; and the left thalamus (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05, false discovery rate corrected). In contrast, they find no evidence in either girls or boys to support the inverse model that increases in BMI over time drive volume changes in regions of interest. These findings generate important insights that advance understanding of central mechanisms involved in weight gain but also inspire questions for future research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The finding that lower volumes in subcortical regions are associated with later weight gain from pre- to early adolescence in girls suggests that these brain regions may play a functional role in weight gain, perhaps via effects on behavioral pathways such as sensitivity to food reward, food-related impulsivity, and emotion/stress processing, which could indirectly influen","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 7","pages":"1233-1234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg by race and ethnicity: A post hoc analysis of three randomized controlled trials","authors":"Domenica Rubino,&nbsp;Hanna Angelene,&nbsp;Anthony Fabricatore,&nbsp;Jamy Ard","doi":"10.1002/oby.24042","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, by race and ethnicity, across three phase 3 trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with Obesity (STEP) clinical trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg. Here, STEP 1 and 3 data were pooled for analysis; STEP 2 data were examined separately. All analyses were conducted using data from racial and ethnic subgroups. The primary outcome was the estimated treatment difference in percent body weight change for semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants reported race as White (STEP 1 and 3, 75.3%; STEP 2, 59.4%), Black (8.8%; 8.9%), Asian (10.6%; 27.3%), or other racial group (5.3%; 4.4%); and ethnicity as Hispanic or Latino (13.9%; 11.9%) or not Hispanic or Latino (83.9%; 88.1%). There were no significant interactions between treatment effect and race (STEP 1 and 3: <i>p ≥</i> 0.07; STEP 2: <i>p</i> ≥ 0.15) or ethnicity (<i>p ≥</i> 0.40; <i>p</i> ≥ 0.85). The safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg was consistent across subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The treatment effect of semaglutide was statistically significant versus placebo and clinically relevant across all racial and ethnic subgroups in STEP 1 and 3 and STEP 2. All subgroups across both samples demonstrated good tolerability.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 7","pages":"1268-1280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isocaloric replacement of ultraprocessed foods was associated with greater weight loss in the POUNDS Lost trial","authors":"Qisi Yao,&nbsp;Carolina D. de Araujo,&nbsp;Filippa Juul,&nbsp;Catherine M. Champagne,&nbsp;George A. Bray,&nbsp;Frank M. Sacks,&nbsp;Maya K. Vadiveloo","doi":"10.1002/oby.24044","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher intake of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) is associated with obesity. We examined whether replacing UPFs (NOVA 4) with minimally processed foods and culinary ingredients (NOVA 1 + 2) was associated with differential weight change in this secondary prospective analysis of the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS) Lost trial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We estimated percent energy intake (%kcal) from the four NOVA groups using 24-h dietary recalls in a subset of 356 participants. Multivariable-adjusted substitution models examined whether replacing %kcal from UPFs with NOVA 1 + 2 was associated with greater weight, body fat percentage, trunk fat, and waist circumference reduction at 6 months; changes in parameters were compared among NOVA 1 + 2 tertiles (T).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were on average 52.3 years of age, 85% White, 55% female, and 58.2% nonsmoking, with a mean BMI of 32.7 kg/m². Replacing 10%kcal of UPFs with NOVA 1 + 2 was associated with greater 6-month weight (ß = 0.51, 95% CI: −0.93 to −0.09, <i>p</i> = 0.02), body fat percentage (ß = 2.7, 95% CI: −5.10 to −0.43, <i>p</i> = 0.02), and trunk fat reduction (ß = 3.9, 95% CI: −7.01 to −0.70, <i>p</i> = 0.02), but not waist circumference reduction. Participants in T3 (−8.33 kg) versus T1 (−5.32 kg) of NOVA 1 + 2 had greater weight loss (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Isocaloric substitution of UPFs with NOVA 1 + 2 was associated with marginally greater weight loss under energy restriction. These modest findings support more research exploring the mechanisms linking UPFs with body weight regulation beyond energy intake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 7","pages":"1281-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-dependent changes in feeding behavior and energy balance associated with weight gain in mice fed obesogenic diets","authors":"Payam A. Fathi,&nbsp;Michelle B. Bales,&nbsp;Julio E. Ayala","doi":"10.1002/oby.24052","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is characterized by dysregulated homeostatic mechanisms resulting in positive energy balance; however, when this dysregulation occurs is unknown. We assessed the time course of alterations to behaviors promoting weight gain in male and female mice switched to an obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Male and female C57BL/6J mice were housed in metabolic chambers and were switched from chow to a 60% or 45% HFD for 4 and 3 weeks, respectively. Food intake, meal patterns, energy expenditure (EE), and body weight were continuously measured. A separate cohort of male mice was switched from chow to a 60% HFD and was given access to locked or unlocked running wheels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Switching mice to obesogenic diets promotes transient bouts of hyperphagia during the first 2 weeks followed by persistent caloric hyperphagia. EE increases but not sufficiently enough to offset increased caloric intake, resulting in a sustained net positive energy balance. Hyperphagia is associated with consumption of calorically larger meals (impaired satiation) more frequently (impaired satiety), particularly during the light cycle. Running wheel exercise delays weight gain in male mice fed a 60% HFD by enhancing satiation and increasing EE. However, exercise effects on satiation are no longer apparent after 2 weeks, coinciding with weight gain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exposure to obesogenic diets engages homeostatic regulatory mechanisms for ~2 weeks that ultimately fail, and consequent weight gain is characterized by impaired satiation and satiety. Insights into the etiology of obesity can be obtained by investigating changes to satiation and satiety mechanisms during the initial ~2 weeks of HFD exposure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 7","pages":"1373-1388"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}