ObesityPub Date : 2026-09-26Epub Date: 2026-08-09DOI: 10.1002/oby.70279
Andrea Jimeno-Martínez, María L. Miguel-Berges, Ivie Maneschy, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rosaura Leis, Nancy Babio, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Olga Portolés, Montserrat Fitó Colomer, Cristina Castro-Collado, Rosaura Picáns-Leis, Natalia Farré, Miguel Seral-Cortés, J. Alfredo Martínez, José Jurado-Castro, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Cristina Rey-Reñones, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Francisco Llorente-Cantarero, Karla-Alejandra Pérez-Vega, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Luis A. Moreno, Guiomar Masip, CORALS group
{"title":"Eating Behavior Latent Profiles and Their Associations With Body Composition in Early Childhood: The CORALS Cohort","authors":"Andrea Jimeno-Martínez, María L. Miguel-Berges, Ivie Maneschy, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rosaura Leis, Nancy Babio, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Olga Portolés, Montserrat Fitó Colomer, Cristina Castro-Collado, Rosaura Picáns-Leis, Natalia Farré, Miguel Seral-Cortés, J. Alfredo Martínez, José Jurado-Castro, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Cristina Rey-Reñones, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Francisco Llorente-Cantarero, Karla-Alejandra Pérez-Vega, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Luis A. Moreno, Guiomar Masip, CORALS group","doi":"10.1002/oby.70279","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.70279","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to identify sex-specific eating behavior profiles and assess the associations between eating behaviors subscales and profiles and body composition indices in Spanish preschoolers from the CORALS cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 1208 children aged 3–6 years (50.1% girls) from the CORALS cohort. Eating behaviors were assessed using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Sex-specific latent profile analyses were conducted separately for girls and boys. Associations of CEBQ subscales and profiles with BMI, fat mass index, fat-free mass index, and waist to height ratio (<i>z</i> scores) were examined using multiple linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables, energy intake, playing outdoors, and sleep duration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four eating behavior profiles were identified in both sexes: controlled, avid, typical, and avoidant. Food approach subscales and avid eater profile were positively associated with body composition indices, whereas food avoidance subscales and avoidant and controlled profiles showed inverse associations. Controlled eater profile showed opposite associations with fat-free mass by sex: positive associations in boys (<i>β</i> = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.62) but negative in girls (<i>β</i> = −0.55 95% CI: −0.77, −0.32).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eating behavior profiles were associated with body composition indices similarly in boys and girls, with the exception of the controlled eater profile in relation to fat-free mass index, for which the association differed by sex. Combining subscale-level and profile-level approaches may improve understanding of early eating behavior patterns and their role in body composition development.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06317883 (observational cohort)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"34 10","pages":"1904-1914"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.70279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148703238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObesityPub Date : 2026-09-26Epub Date: 2026-08-25DOI: 10.1002/oby.70280
Tarik Yuce, Rotana M. Radwan, Yao An Lee, Emma Holler, Hao Dai, Xing He, Yu Huang, Yi Guo, Jiang Bian, Jingchuan Guo
{"title":"Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among Patients With Weight Recurrence After Bariatric Surgery","authors":"Tarik Yuce, Rotana M. Radwan, Yao An Lee, Emma Holler, Hao Dai, Xing He, Yu Huang, Yi Guo, Jiang Bian, Jingchuan Guo","doi":"10.1002/oby.70280","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.70280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assessed glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) effectiveness and safety in adults with weight recurrence after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective new-user cohort study using OneFlorida+ Data Trust (2015-2024) among adults with ≥ 10% post-MBS weight recurrence. GLP-1 RA users were matched to non-users on BMI and timing of clinical encounter; the index date was defined as GLP-1 RA initiation for users and a matched reference date for non-users. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was applied to further control for confounding. Effectiveness was measured as percentage of recurrent weight lost [(index weight − follow-up weight) ÷ (index weight − nadir weight) × 100] at 6 and 12 months; safety outcomes included gastrointestinal and post-MBS adverse events. Effectiveness was compared using <i>t</i>-tests, and safety was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among patients with ≥ 10% weight recurrence, 68 GLP-1 RA users and 131 non-users were included at 6 months, and 72 users and 139 non-users were included at 12 months. GLP-1 RA users lost significantly more recurrent weight at 6 months (9.6% vs. 4.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and 12 months (14.8% vs. 8.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.017), with no increased risk of adverse events at either time point.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among adults with post-MBS weight recurrence, GLP-1 RAs were associated with greater weight loss without increased adverse events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"34 10","pages":"1860-1868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObesityPub Date : 2026-09-26Epub Date: 2026-09-01DOI: 10.1002/oby.70293
Nadia Moore, Akshay Bareja, Leanna M. Ross, Katherine A. Collins-Bennett, Susan B. Racette, Leanne M. Redman, Corby K. Martin, Sai Krupa Das, Calen P. Ryan, Daniel W. Belsky, William E. Kraus, Kim M. Huffman
{"title":"Biological Pathways of Strength Preservation During Calorie Restriction-Induced Weight Loss Among Adults Without Obesity","authors":"Nadia Moore, Akshay Bareja, Leanna M. Ross, Katherine A. Collins-Bennett, Susan B. Racette, Leanne M. Redman, Corby K. Martin, Sai Krupa Das, Calen P. Ryan, Daniel W. Belsky, William E. Kraus, Kim M. Huffman","doi":"10.1002/oby.70293","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.70293","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight loss is often pursued to improve cardiometabolic health and quality of life. However, weight loss can lead to reductions in lean soft tissue mass and strength, compromising body composition and functional ability. Thus, identifying molecular predictors of muscular strength preservation during weight loss is critical to mitigating these effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a secondary analysis of the CALERIE trial, a 2-year randomized controlled study of caloric restriction or ad libitum intake in healthy adults without obesity. Changes in whole-body mass and knee extensor strength were assessed over the first 12 months of the study. Transcriptomic profiling was conducted in a subset who provided skeletal muscle samples. The relationship between strength change and gene expression change was modeled, controlling for whole-body mass change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcriptomics analysis on a subset of 42 individuals revealed 151 genes significantly associated with change in strength after accounting for change in whole-body mass, including <i>HSP90AA1</i> and <i>EIF3A</i>. Pathway analyses revealed significant involvement of pathways related to cellular proliferation, immune regulation, and protein secretion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight molecular pathways and genes supporting strength retention during caloric restriction-induced weight loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00427194 www.clinicaltrials.gov</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"34 10","pages":"1892-1903"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObesityPub Date : 2026-09-26Epub Date: 2026-08-23DOI: 10.1002/oby.70290
Abdiwahab M. Ali, Edward Giovannucci, Jason J. Liu
{"title":"Trends of Obesity in Early Adulthood and Later Adulthood Across 196 Countries and Territories, 1990–2022","authors":"Abdiwahab M. Ali, Edward Giovannucci, Jason J. Liu","doi":"10.1002/oby.70290","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.70290","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to understand the global burden of obesity in early adulthood and later adulthood over the past three decades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed obesity prevalence across 196 countries/territories from 1990 to 2022 for early adulthood (age 20–49 years) and later adulthood (age ≥ 50 years) using the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration dataset. We calculated the magnitude of change between baseline (1990–1994) and endline (2018–2022) periods and estimated the average annual percent change using segmented regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, the magnitude of prevalence increase was higher for obesity in later adulthood than in early adulthood in 134 countries/territories. However, obesity prevalence increased faster in early adulthood than in later adulthood in 168 countries/territories. Women and countries/territories with higher income and baseline obesity prevalence had larger increases in prevalence magnitude, whereas the rate of increase was more rapid in men and countries/territories with lower income and baseline prevalence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings support prevention strategies to slow the rate of increase in early adulthood obesity prevalence alongside nationwide measures to combat obesity at all ages. Further research is needed to understand age-specific factors promoting obesity in early and later adulthood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"34 10","pages":"1979-1988"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.70290","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObesityPub Date : 2026-09-26Epub Date: 2026-08-11DOI: 10.1002/oby.70287
Dominick J. Lemas, Ruben Zapata, Isaac Loy, Aditya Mahadevan, Tony Wen, Rahma Mkuu, Adetola Louis-Jaques, Jaclyn Hall, Kylie K. Harrall, Larissa Strath, Amy Sheer, Elizabeth Shenkman, Serena Guo, Michelle I. Cardel, Steve Smith
{"title":"Response to “Prepregnancy GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use: Unaccounted Pretreatment BMI May Distort Obstetric Outcome Signals in Real-World Studies”","authors":"Dominick J. Lemas, Ruben Zapata, Isaac Loy, Aditya Mahadevan, Tony Wen, Rahma Mkuu, Adetola Louis-Jaques, Jaclyn Hall, Kylie K. Harrall, Larissa Strath, Amy Sheer, Elizabeth Shenkman, Serena Guo, Michelle I. Cardel, Steve Smith","doi":"10.1002/oby.70287","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.70287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"34 10","pages":"1843-1844"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObesityPub Date : 2026-09-26Epub Date: 2026-08-02DOI: 10.1002/oby.70272
Sohail Zahid, Zhiqi Yao, Allison W. Peng, Roger S. Blumenthal, Michael J. Blaha
{"title":"A Call for a Universal Diagnosis of Obesity Framework","authors":"Sohail Zahid, Zhiqi Yao, Allison W. Peng, Roger S. Blumenthal, Michael J. Blaha","doi":"10.1002/oby.70272","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.70272","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"34 10","pages":"1845-1846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObesityPub Date : 2026-09-26Epub Date: 2026-08-23DOI: 10.1002/oby.70291
Abdelrahman M. Elshakankiry, Gary R. Hunter, Cátia Martins, Gordon Fisher, W. Timothy Garvey, Carrie R. Howell
{"title":"Weight Loss Improves Predicted 10-Year MACE and Type 2 Diabetes Risk, but Benefits Partially Rebound at 1 Year","authors":"Abdelrahman M. Elshakankiry, Gary R. Hunter, Cátia Martins, Gordon Fisher, W. Timothy Garvey, Carrie R. Howell","doi":"10.1002/oby.70291","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.70291","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to quantify changes in predicted 10-year risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) across weight loss, post–weight loss (Post-WL), and 1-year follow-up and to determine whether trajectories varied by exercise modality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sedentary women with overweight (21–49 years) were randomized to Diet+Aerobic, Diet+Resistance, or Diet-only and completed an 800 kcal/day diet until BMI < 25 kg m<sup>−2</sup>. Predicted 10-year MACE and T2D risks were calculated using cardiometabolic disease staging equations. Longitudinal changes and adherence effects were analyzed using fractional logit models fit with generalized estimating equations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 221 women (115 African American), mean BMI decreased from 28.3 to 23.9 kg m<sup>−2</sup>, with regain to 25.8 at 1 year. MACE risk decreased from Baseline to Post-WL and rebounded from Post-WL to 1 year in all groups (all <i>p <</i> 0.001). Diet-only achieved greater MACE reduction than Diet+Resistance (<i>p =</i> 0.022). T2D risk decreased in all groups (all <i>p <</i> 0.001) but rebounded in Diet+Aerobic and Diet-only. The Diet+Resistance group maintained a significant net reduction at 1 year (<i>p =</i> 0.003). Follow-up exercise adherence was associated with lower T2D risk rebound (<i>p =</i> 0.024).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight loss reduced MACE and T2D risks, but both rebounded with weight regain. Resistance exercise may be beneficial in weight loss interventions to prevent progression to T2D.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00067873</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"34 10","pages":"1869-1879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.70291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObesityPub Date : 2026-09-26Epub Date: 2026-09-01DOI: 10.1002/oby.70295
Tobias Hagemann, Arya M. Sharma, Matthias Blüher, Anne Hoffmann
{"title":"Divergent Obesity Classification Between the Edmonton Obesity Staging System and the Lancet Commission Model","authors":"Tobias Hagemann, Arya M. Sharma, Matthias Blüher, Anne Hoffmann","doi":"10.1002/oby.70295","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.70295","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BMI alone does not capture obesity-related health heterogeneity. The Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) grades obesity severity based on comorbidities and functional impairment, whereas the Lancet Commission Diagnostic Model for Obesity (DMO) distinguishes preclinical from clinical obesity based on organ dysfunction. We compared classification patterns and concordance across both obesity frameworks in a large population-based cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A modified EOSS and DMO were applied to the UK Biobank (<i>N</i> ≈ 411,000). Stage distributions, cross-classification, and the impact of combining BMI with fat distribution on obesity categorization were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>About one-quarter of participants were classified with obesity under both frameworks. Most were assigned to advanced stages, with high concordance for established disease. Differences were most pronounced in early stages: DMO captured a broader spectrum of mild/subclinical organ dysfunction, whereas EOSS emphasized more advanced manifestations of obesity-related disease. Discrepancies reflected differences in operationalization of, for example, metabolic, cardiovascular, and mental health domains. Obesity thresholds influenced classification, with ~50% reclassified when BMI was combined with different fat distribution parameters, highlighting the sensitivity of early-stage assignment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EOSS and DMO provide complementary approaches to obesity classification, with differing classification patterns highlighting distinct concepts of obesity-related disease severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"34 10","pages":"1989-1998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.70295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}