Royal Society Open Science最新文献_第9页

Factors shaping socio-emotional trajectories in sanctuary-living bonobos: a longitudinal approach. 影响保护区倭黑猩猩社会情感轨迹的因素：纵向方法。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-18 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240435

Stephanie Kordon, Christine E Webb, Jake S Brooker, Frans B M de Waal, Zanna Clay

{"title":"Factors shaping socio-emotional trajectories in sanctuary-living bonobos: a longitudinal approach.","authors":"Stephanie Kordon, Christine E Webb, Jake S Brooker, Frans B M de Waal, Zanna Clay","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240435","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240435","url":null,"abstract":"Early maternal loss can have lasting detrimental effects on primate social development. While many rehabilitation settings provide enriching environments to buffer against such effects in orphans, previous research indicates that young bonobo (Pan paniscus) orphans exhibit striking deficiencies in socio-emotional competence compared to their mother-reared peers. However, such studies are generally cross-sectional, without accounting for changes across the lifespan. We conducted longitudinal observations in bonobos living in an accredited African ape sanctuary to examine how rearing background, sex and age predict social tendencies including affiliation, consolation and aggression risk. Affiliative tendencies increased in females and decreased in males with age but were overall lower in orphans compared to mother-reared bonobos. Consolation tendencies decreased with age in mother-reared bonobos, while orphans showed consistently lower consolation (akin to levels of older mother-reared individuals). Young and male bonobos were more likely to receive aggression, while mother-reared and older females were more likely aggressors. Our study highlights the potential that ape sanctuaries like this can have by demonstrating that orphans exhibit decreased affiliative tendencies yet show social functioning ranging within patterns of their mother-reared peers. We discuss these results in the context of bonobos' natural social ecology and ongoing rehabilitation efforts in this species.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"240435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When children can explain why they believe a claim, they suggest a better empirical test for that claim. 当孩子们能够解释他们为什么相信某种说法时，他们就会建议对该说法进行更好的实证检验。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241875

Tone K Hermansen, Kamilla F Mathisen, Samuel Ronfard

{"title":"When children can explain why they believe a claim, they suggest a better empirical test for that claim.","authors":"Tone K Hermansen, Kamilla F Mathisen, Samuel Ronfard","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241875","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241875","url":null,"abstract":"We tested the hypothesis that children's ability to reflect on the causes of their uncertainty about a surprising claim allows them to better target their empirical investigation of that claim-and that this ability increases with age. We assigned 4-7-year-old children (n=174, Mage = 68.77 months, 52.87% girls) to either a prompted or an unprompted condition. In each condition, children witnessed a series of vignettes where an adult presented a surprising claim about an object. Children were then asked whether they thought the claim was true or not, how certain or uncertain they were, and how they would test that claim. In the prompted condition, children were also asked why they were certain or uncertain. As predicted, older children were more likely to justify their beliefs and to suggest targeted empirical tests, compared with younger children. Being prompted to reflect on their uncertainty did not increase children's ability to generate an efficient test for those claims. However, exploratory analyses revealed that children's ability to provide a plausible reason for their beliefs did, controlling for their ability to select an efficient test for a claim. This suggests that developments in children's reasoning about their beliefs allow them to more effectively assess those beliefs empirically.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"241875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11641430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of isolated game elements on adherence rates in food response inhibition training. 孤立游戏元素对食物反应抑制训练依从率的影响。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241657

Alexander MacLellan, Charlotte R Pennington, Natalia Lawrence, Samuel J Westwood, Andrew Jones, Anna Slegrova, Beatrice Sung, Louise Parker, Luke Relph, Jessica O Miranda, Maryam Shakeel, Elizavet Mouka, Charlotte Lovejoy, Chaebin Chung, Sabela Lash, Yusra Suhail, Mehr Nag, Katherine S Button

{"title":"The effects of isolated game elements on adherence rates in food response inhibition training.","authors":"Alexander MacLellan, Charlotte R Pennington, Natalia Lawrence, Samuel J Westwood, Andrew Jones, Anna Slegrova, Beatrice Sung, Louise Parker, Luke Relph, Jessica O Miranda, Maryam Shakeel, Elizavet Mouka, Charlotte Lovejoy, Chaebin Chung, Sabela Lash, Yusra Suhail, Mehr Nag, Katherine S Button","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241657","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241657","url":null,"abstract":"Food response inhibition training (food-RIT) is found to aid weight loss and reduce snacking of foods high in sugar, salt and fat. However, these interventions suffer from a lack of adherence, with gamification proposed as a solution to increase engagement. The effect of gamification is unclear, however, with a lack of research investigating the effects of single game elements in improving adherence to interventions. This study investigates whether isolated game elements (social or feedback) improve adherence, engagement and effectiveness of food-RIT compared to a standard non-gamified intervention. Two hundred and fifty-two participants (169 female) were randomly assigned to either non-gamified F-RIT, a training gamified with feedback elements or a training gamified with social elements. Participants completed measures of snacking frequency and food evaluation before and after a 14-day training period, with adherence and motivation recorded during this time. There were no significant effects of adding either feedback or social gamification elements on training adherence, motivation or effectiveness. There was no meaningful support for adding isolated game elements to food-RIT to improve intervention adherence, raising questions about the magnitude of simple gamification effects. Future research may benefit from systematically assessing the combined effects of multiple gamification elements.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"241657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genome assembly of the southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman) reveals the origins of gene content reduction in Dendroctonus. 南松甲虫（Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman）基因组组装揭示了南松甲虫基因含量减少的起源。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240755

Megan Copeland, Shelby Landa, Adekola Oluwatosin Owoyemi, Michelle M Jonika, James M Alfieri, J Spencer Johnston, Terrence Pradakshana Sylvester, Bethany R Kyre, Zachary Hoover, Carl E Hjelmen, Lynne K Rieske, Heath Blackmon, Claudio Casola

{"title":"Genome assembly of the southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman) reveals the origins of gene content reduction in Dendroctonus.","authors":"Megan Copeland, Shelby Landa, Adekola Oluwatosin Owoyemi, Michelle M Jonika, James M Alfieri, J Spencer Johnston, Terrence Pradakshana Sylvester, Bethany R Kyre, Zachary Hoover, Carl E Hjelmen, Lynne K Rieske, Heath Blackmon, Claudio Casola","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240755","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240755","url":null,"abstract":"Dendroctonus frontalis also known as southern pine beetle (SPB), is the most damaging insect forest pest in the southeastern United States. Genomic data are important to provide information on pest biology and to identify molecular targets to develop improved pest management approaches. Here, we produced a chromosome-level genome assembly of SPB using long-read sequencing data. Synteny analyses confirmed the conservation of the core Coleopteran Stevens elements and validated the bona fide SPB X chromosome. Transcriptomic data were used to obtain 39 588 transcripts corresponding to 13 354 putative protein-coding loci. Comparative analyses of gene content across 14 beetles and three other insects revealed several losses of conserved genes in the Dendroctonus clade and gene gains in SPB and Dendroctonus that were enriched for loci encoding membrane proteins and extracellular matrix proteins. While lineage-specific gene losses contributed to the gene content reduction observed in Dendroctonus, we also showed that widespread misannotation of transposable elements represents an important cause of the apparent gene expansion in several non-Dendroctonus species. Our findings uncovered distinctive features of the SPB gene complement and disentangled the role of biological and annotation-related factors contributing to gene content variation across beetles.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"240755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of ontogeny and spines on the hydrodynamic performance of the Cambrian arthropod Isoxys. 个体发育和棘对寒武纪节肢动物水动力性能的影响。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240894

Stephen Pates, Jiaxin Ma, Yu Wu, Dongjing Fu

{"title":"Impact of ontogeny and spines on the hydrodynamic performance of the Cambrian arthropod Isoxys.","authors":"Stephen Pates, Jiaxin Ma, Yu Wu, Dongjing Fu","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240894","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240894","url":null,"abstract":"A metazoan-dominated biological pump was established early in the Phanerozoic, a time that saw the evolution of the first pelagic euarthropod zooplankton such as some species of the Cambrian bivalved euarthropod Isoxys. Pelagic groups evolved from benthic stock, in many cases through neoteny and retention of characteristics from planktic larval stages. However, Isoxys brooded eggs and did not have a planktic larval stage, precluding this route into the pelagic realm. Computational fluid dynamics was used to quantify hydrodynamic performance through the ontogeny of two hyperbenthic species of Isoxys, Isoxys auritus and Isoxys minor. Coefficients were used to quantify forces for different carapace shapes over a range of biologically relevant sizes and swimming speeds. Streamlining and lift generation were greater for later growth stages, a consequence of carapace asymmetry and elongated anterior and posterior spines. Simulations performed with anterior spines artificially removed demonstrate the importance of this feature for lift generation, with a minimal impact on drag. Elongated spines and faster swimming can also be considered anti-predatory, and the reduction of drag would have reduced the detectability of Isoxys to predators. Taken together, it is likely that pelagic Isoxys species evolved from benthic stock through the co-option of anti-predatory features.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"240894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11641431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social interactions do not affect mycoplasma infection in griffon vultures. 社会交往不影响秃鹰支原体感染。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240500

Elvira D'Bastiani, Nili Anglister, Inna Lysnyansky, Inna Mikula, Marta Acácio, Gideon Vaadia, Kaija Gahm, Orr Spiegel, Noa Pinter-Wollman

{"title":"Social interactions do not affect mycoplasma infection in griffon vultures.","authors":"Elvira D'Bastiani, Nili Anglister, Inna Lysnyansky, Inna Mikula, Marta Acácio, Gideon Vaadia, Kaija Gahm, Orr Spiegel, Noa Pinter-Wollman","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240500","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240500","url":null,"abstract":"Uncovering the ways in which pathogens spread has important implications for population health and management. Pathogen transmission is influenced by various factors, including patterns of social interactions and shared use of space. We aim to understand how the social behaviour of griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus), a species of conservation interest, influences the presence or absence of mycoplasma, a group of bacteria known to cause respiratory diseases in birds. We investigated how direct and indirect social interactions of griffon vultures in the wild, in different social situations, impacted the mycoplasma infection status. We inferred interactions from high-resolution global positioning system (GPS) tracking data. Specifically, we assessed how social behaviour affects infection status when vultures share feeding and roosting locations, either at the same time (direct interactions) or subsequently, when space use is asynchronous (indirect interactions). We did not detect a significant effect of any social situation and type of interaction on infection status. However, we observed a high population prevalence of mycoplasma, suggesting that other factors might be more important than social interactions in determining the transmission of this bacteria in the Israeli vulture population. Uncovering the mechanisms that underlie infection status in wildlife is crucial for maintaining viable populations, designing containment management actions and gaining insights into the ecological mechanisms that drive infectious disease dynamics.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"240500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxygen, angiogenesis, cancer and immune interplay in breast tumour microenvironment: a computational investigation. 氧、血管生成、肿瘤和免疫在乳腺肿瘤微环境中的相互作用：一个计算研究。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240718

Navid Mohammad Mirzaei, Panayotis G Kevrekidis, Leili Shahriyari

{"title":"Oxygen, angiogenesis, cancer and immune interplay in breast tumour microenvironment: a computational investigation.","authors":"Navid Mohammad Mirzaei, Panayotis G Kevrekidis, Leili Shahriyari","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240718","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240718","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is a challenging global health problem among women. This study investigates the intricate breast tumour microenvironment (TME) dynamics utilizing data from mammary-specific polyomavirus middle T antigen overexpression mouse models (MMTV-PyMT). It incorporates endothelial cells (ECs), oxygen and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) to examine the interplay of angiogenesis, hypoxia, VEGF and immune cells in cancer progression. We introduce an approach to impute immune cell fractions within the TME using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from MMTV-PyMT mice. We quantify our analysis by estimating cell counts using cell size data and laboratory findings from existing literature. We perform parameter estimation via a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm (HGA). Our simulations reveal various TME behaviours, emphasizing the critical role of adipocytes, angiogenesis, hypoxia and oxygen transport in driving immune responses and cancer progression. Global sensitivity analyses highlight potential therapeutic intervention points, such as VEGFs' role in EC growth and oxygen transportation and severe hypoxia's effect on cancer and the total number of cells. The VEGF-mediated production rate of ECs shows an essential time-dependent impact, highlighting the importance of early intervention in slowing cancer progression. These findings align with clinical observations demonstrating the VEGF inhibitors' efficacy and suggest a timely intervention for better outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"240718"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interbreeding area movement of an adult humpback whale between the east Pacific Ocean and southwest Indian Ocean. 一头成年座头鲸在东太平洋和西南印度洋之间的杂交区域运动。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241361

Ekaterina Kalashnikova, Natalia Botero-Acosta, Esteban Duque Mesa, Mar Palanca Gascón, Patrick Lyne, Ted Cheeseman, Alex Vogel, Amy Kennedy, Aylin Akkaya

{"title":"Interbreeding area movement of an adult humpback whale between the east Pacific Ocean and southwest Indian Ocean.","authors":"Ekaterina Kalashnikova, Natalia Botero-Acosta, Esteban Duque Mesa, Mar Palanca Gascón, Patrick Lyne, Ted Cheeseman, Alex Vogel, Amy Kennedy, Aylin Akkaya","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241361","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241361","url":null,"abstract":"Humpback whales undertake one of the longest known migrations of any mammal. While their migration route generally extends between latitudes, the breeding stocks are longitudinally separated and display high site fidelity to their feeding grounds. While there is an indication of certain breeding stocks overlapping with each other, the current information on the migration routes of humpback whales within the Southern Hemisphere limits our understanding of the extent of this exchange. Presented here is the longest documented great-circle distance between sightings on wintering grounds of two different ocean basins of an adult male humpback whale, involving two breeding stocks in the eastern Pacific (stock G) and southwest Indian Ocean (stock C). These two stocks are separated by a minimum of 120° longitude, and a great-circle distance of 13 046 km. This extreme distance movement demonstrates behavioural plasticity, which may play an important role in adaptation strategies to global environmental changes and perhaps be an evolved response to various pressures, underlining the importance of consolidation of global datasets on wide-ranging marine mammals.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"241361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perspectives of La_0.9Sr_0.1Fe_0.9Co_0.1O_3±δ perovskite obtained by Pechini and sonochemical methods: a case study. Pechini和声化学法制备La0.9Sr0.1Fe0.9Co0.1O3±δ钙钛矿的研究进展

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240627

Gloria E de la Huerta-Hernández, Tatiana Rodríguez-Flores, Armando Reyes-Montero, Iván Castro-Cisneros, Isaías Hernández-Pérez, José A Chávez-Carvayar

{"title":"Perspectives of La0.9Sr0.1Fe0.9Co0.1O3±δ perovskite obtained by Pechini and sonochemical methods: a case study.","authors":"Gloria E de la Huerta-Hernández, Tatiana Rodríguez-Flores, Armando Reyes-Montero, Iván Castro-Cisneros, Isaías Hernández-Pérez, José A Chávez-Carvayar","doi":"10.1098/rsos.240627","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.240627","url":null,"abstract":"The sonochemical method is a novel synthesis route that takes advantage of the use of ultrasonic radiation to obtain different nanomaterials with an improvement in the process variables and material characteristics. In this work, two different synthesis routes to obtain a double perovskite structure were compared in detail. The Pechini synthesis method is a widely used and effective way to obtain this kind of structure by the formation of a cross-linked network of metal cations. Alternatively, in sonochemistry, chemical reactions occur with the application of powerful ultrasound radiation. The final characteristics of synthesized powders of La0.9Sr0.1Fe0.9Co0.1O3± δ (LSFC) were analysed thermally, structurally, morphologically and optically, and their transport properties were evaluated to determine their semiconductor character in a solid oxide fuel cell device and in photocatalytic processes. Structural results indicated a well crystallized perovskite structure with a single cubic phase. The cell parameter a (approx. 3.89 Å) and crystal size measurements (11-20 nm) were determined by Rietveld refinement for samples obtained by both synthesis methods. Thescanning electron microscope micrographs showed aggregates with homogeneous morphology and a uniform particle size distribution, with a rough and porous surface. Optical properties were determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and photoluminescence, resulting in an E g of 1.2 and 0.8 eV in samples from Pechini and sonochemistry, respectively.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"240627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of arm restriction on dynamic stability and upper-body responses to lateral loss of balance during walking: an observational study. 一项观察性研究：行走时手臂限制对动态稳定性和上半身对侧向失去平衡的反应的影响。

IF 2.9 3区综合性期刊

Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241156

Uri Rosenblum, Adi Lavi, Arielle G Fischer, Yisrael Parmet, Amir Haim, Shirley Handelzalts

{"title":"The effect of arm restriction on dynamic stability and upper-body responses to lateral loss of balance during walking: an observational study.","authors":"Uri Rosenblum, Adi Lavi, Arielle G Fischer, Yisrael Parmet, Amir Haim, Shirley Handelzalts","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241156","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsos.241156","url":null,"abstract":"When losing balance, upper-body movements serve as mechanical aids to regain stability. However, it remains unclear how these movements contribute to dynamic stability during recovery from a lateral loss of balance while walking with arm restriction. We aimed to (i) quantify the effect of arm restriction on gait stability and upper-body velocities and (ii) characterize upper-body kinematic strategies in response to lateral surface translations under different arm restriction conditions. Healthy adults were exposed to lateral surface translations while walking on a computerized treadmill under three conditions: 'free arms', '1-arm restricted' and '2-arms restricted'. Dynamic stability and upper-body velocities for the first step after perturbation onset were extracted. We found decreased dynamic stability in the sagittal plane and increased trunk velocity in the '2-arms restricted' condition compared with the 'free arms' condition. Head and trunk movements in the medio-lateral plane were in opposite directions in 44.31% of responses. Additionally, significant trunk velocities were observed in the opposite direction to the perturbation-induced loss of balance. Our results support the contribution of increased upper-body velocities to balance responses following arm-restricted walking perturbations and suggest that the '2-arms restricted' condition may be utilized as a perturbation-based balance training, focusing on head and trunk responses.","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"11 12","pages":"241156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0