New Phytologist最新文献

{"title":"pH regulation in coral photosymbiosis and calcification: a compartmental perspective.","authors":"Alexander A Venn,Eric Tambutté,Lucas Crovetto,Sylvie Tambutté","doi":"10.1111/nph.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70200","url":null,"abstract":"The coral-dinoflagellate photosymbiosis and coral calcification underpin shallow water, coral reef ecosystems. This review examines the pivotal role of pH regulation in the cell physiology of these processes. Despite simple tissue organization, photosymbiotic corals maintain a complex internal microenvironment, with distinct compartments exhibiting contrasting pH levels. For example, the acidic 'symbiosome' surrounds the algal symbionts, while the alkaline 'extracellular calcifying medium' occurs at the growing front of the skeleton. We discuss how pH regulation of these compartments is crucial to the functioning of coral photosymbiosis and calcification, as well as mitigating the internal acid-base imbalances that these processes create. The role of pH regulation in the interplay between photosymbiosis and calcification is also discussed, focusing on the influence of symbiont photosynthesis on transepithelial gradients and the distribution of energy sources in the coral colony. Throughout this review, insights into pH regulation derived from previous research on ocean acidification are integrated to deepen understanding. Finally, we propose research priorities to advance knowledge of coral resilience under changing ocean conditions, such as investigating inorganic carbon concentration within coral compartments, species-specific differences and the impacts of thermal stress on pH regulation.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nectar metabolomes contribute to pollination syndromes.","authors":"Fiona T MacNeill,Sarah G Hunter,Felicity Muth,Brian E Sedio","doi":"10.1111/nph.70217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70217","url":null,"abstract":"'Pollination syndromes', where convergent floral signals reflect selection from a functional pollinator group, are often characterized by physical features, yet floral rewards such as nectar may also reflect selection from pollinators. We asked whether nectar chemistry shows evidence of convergence across functional pollinator groups, i.e. a 'chemical pollination syndrome'. We used untargeted metabolomics to compare nectar and leaf chemical profiles across 19 bee- and bird-syndrome species, focusing on Salvia spp. (Lamiaceae), selected to maximize switching events between pollination syndromes. We found that independently derived bird-syndrome nectar showed convergence on nectar traits distinct from bee-syndrome nectar, primarily driven by the composition and concentration of alkaloid profiles. We did not find evidence for 'passive leaking' of nectar compounds from leaves since metabolite abundances were uncorrelated across tissues and many nectar metabolites were not present in leaves. Nectar and leaf metabolomes were strongly decoupled from phylogenetic relationships within Salvia. These results suggest that functional pollinator groups may drive the evolution of floral reward chemistry, consistent with our 'chemical pollination syndrome' hypothesis and indicative of selection by pollinators, but we also consider alternative explanations. In addition, our results support the notion that nectar chemistry can be decoupled from that of other tissues.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate premeiotic transcriptomic effects following nonchemically induced whole genome duplication in the moss Funaria hygrometrica.","authors":"Nikisha Patel,Vidya S Vuruputoor,Nasim Rahmatpour,Yang Liu,Peter Szövényi,Bernard Goffinet,Jill L Wegrzyn","doi":"10.1111/nph.70208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redundant functions of miR156-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE transcription factors in promoting cauline leaf identity.","authors":"Darren Manuela,Liren Du,Qi Zhang,Yifei Liao,Tieqiang Hu,Jim P Fouracre,Mingli Xu","doi":"10.1111/nph.70210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70210","url":null,"abstract":"Cauline leaf development represents an intermediate phase between vegetative and reproductive stages. While extensive research has been conducted on the genetic and environmental factors that determine cauline leaf number, less attention has been given to the regulation of their morphology and the establishment of cauline leaf identity. In this study, we report that miR156-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) transcription factors, including SPL2, SPL9, SPL10, SPL11, SPL13, and SPL15, redundantly regulate cauline leaf identity, affecting both cauline leaf shape and the number of leaves on secondary inflorescences. This function is distinct from that of floral meristem identity genes, which affect the number of cauline leaves by promoting floral fate. We further show that the inducers of reproductive development SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1) and FRUITFUL (FUL) directly bind to and activate SPL9 and SPL15, linking floral induction pathways to the regulation of cauline leaf identity. Additionally, we demonstrate that the brassinosteroid receptor BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) is co-expressed with miR156-targeted SPLs in cauline leaves and is a direct target of SPL9. Together, this study uncovers a SOC1/FUL-SPL-BRI1 module that governs cauline leaf identity, providing new insights into the regulatory networks that control plant inflorescence architecture.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 integrates light signaling and flowering regulatory pathways at the chromatin level.","authors":"Giorgio Perrella,Elisa Vellutini,Allan Beveridge,Graham Hamilton,Pawel Herzyk,Eirini Kaiserli","doi":"10.1111/nph.70213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70213","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental and endogenous stimuli determine plant developmental transitions including flowering through multiple signaling cascades. Although the key activators and repressors of flowering initiation are defined, the components and mechanisms integrating light signaling and flowering pathways are not fully established. This study investigates the role of TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 (TZP), a light-integrating transcriptional regulator, to elucidate how light cues influence the epigenetic regulation of flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana. To dissect the molecular function of TZP, this study employed a combination of genetics, RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and phenotypic assays. These approaches were used to determine TZP's genomic binding sites, its downstream gene targets and its influence on flowering time and chromatin modifications. TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 was found to directly associate with the promoter regions of chromatin-modifying genes, including FLOWERING LOCUS D (a histone H3K4 demethylase) and histone deacetylase 6 (a histone deacetylase). This regulation promotes a chromatin environment that represses FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) transcription, thereby accelerating flowering. TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 thus functions upstream of multiple pathways integrating photoperiodic and autonomous floral cues. TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 mediates crosstalk between light signaling and flowering pathways by modulating chromatin structure at the FLC locus. This provides a mechanistic framework for understanding how environmental signals dynamically influence epigenetic regulation of developmental transitions.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate warming promotes growth in Himalayan alpine cushion plants but threatens survival through increased extreme snowfall.","authors":"Veronika Jandova,Jan Altman,Hana Sehadova,Martin Macek,Pavel Fibich,Adam Taylor Ruka,Jiri Dolezal","doi":"10.1111/nph.70206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70206","url":null,"abstract":"Climate warming stimulates growth and reproduction in cold-adapted plants but also leads to extreme weather events that may hinder their performance. We examined these predictions in the cold-arid Himalayan subnival zone at 5900 m, where unprecedented warming and extreme snowfalls occurred over the past three decades. We collected 205 individuals of Ladakiella klimesii, analyzing climate influences on their growth and recruitment through annual growth rings. Radial growth was highly sensitive to summer temperatures, with warmer conditions significantly enhancing growth. However, increased winter precipitation negatively impacted growth and recruitment by shortening the growing season. Warmer winters and springs, combined with autumn snow cover, favored recruitment, while extreme late winter and summer snowfall disrupted growth and recruitment through intensified soil disturbances. We also found a trade-off between growth rate and longevity: Plants established during warmer periods grow rapidly but have shorter lifespans, whereas those emerging in colder conditions grow more slowly yet persist longer, with implications for long-term population stability. These findings highlight the complex relationship between growth, longevity, and survival in a shifting climate. Although warming promotes growth, it may also decrease longevity and population persistence. The rising frequency of extreme snowfall presents new survival challenges for the world's highest-occurring plants.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing forest pathology: the need for community-driven molecular experimental model systems.","authors":"Anne G Oostlander,André Fleißner,Bernard Slippers","doi":"10.1111/nph.70205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70205","url":null,"abstract":"Forests world-wide are under escalating threat from emerging and invasive fungal and oomycete pathogens, driven by globalization and shifting climate dynamics. Effective strategies to manage the current scale and rate of changes in forest health remain hindered by our limited ability to study the underlying mechanisms of pathogen-host and pathogen-microbiome interactions, especially at a molecular and cellular level, compared to general plant pathology, where experimental and model systems exist. Such models facilitate the integration of diverse methodologies from a broader base of the research community, allowing for a more holistic and deeper examination of complex research questions. Here, we propose a framework for the development of such model systems also for forest pathology. This goal is more feasible than ever, thanks to rapid technological advancements, increasing open data availability and a globally interconnected research community. These factors create a unique opportunity to integrate ecosystem-focused research in forest pathology with a unified model organism strategy. Achieving this goal will require a dedicated community effort in the coming years, as such model systems are not discovered but built.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ungulate herbivory affects grassland soil biota β-diversity and community assembly via modifying soil properties and plant root traits.","authors":"Tongtian Guo,Meiqi Guo,Masahiro Ryo,Matthias C Rillig,Nan Liu,Yingjun Zhang","doi":"10.1111/nph.70199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70199","url":null,"abstract":"Ungulate herbivory, a widespread and complex disturbance, shapes grassland biodiversity and functions primarily through three mechanisms: defoliation, trampling, and excreta return. However, the specific effects of these mechanisms on soil biodiversity and community assembly remain unclear. We conducted a 4-yr factorial experiment in the Eurasian steppe to investigate how defoliation, trampling, and excreta return influence soil bacterial, fungal, and nematode β-diversity and community assembly under moderate- and high-density ungulate grazing scenarios. Our findings reveal that herbivores affect soil biota through multiple pathways at different grazing intensities. Specifically, selective defoliation in the moderate-density scenario promoted stochastic community assembly of nematodes and fungi by increasing the specific root length of plant communities. Excreta return encouraged stochastic bacterial communities by carbon input, while urine-induced acidification and elevated ammonium levels promoted environmental filtering of bacteria and nematodes. In the high-density scenario, non-selective defoliation and heavy trampling created harsher soil conditions, reducing bacterial and nematode β-diversity via habitat filtering and diminishing association of soil biota with plant roots. This study explored how different components of ungulate behaviour influence soil community assembly and highlighted the crucial role of root traits in mediating soil biota responses, providing insights into the mechanisms of soil biodiversity maintenance under complex disturbances.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-quality genome of the Atacama Desert plant Cistanthe cachinalensis and its photosynthetic behavior related to drought and life history","authors":"Anri Chomentowska, Pauline Raimondeau, Lan Wei, Eleanor G. D. Jose, Sophie G. Dauerman, Virginia Z. Davis, Andrés Moreira-Muñoz, Iris E. Peralta, Erika J. Edwards","doi":"10.1111/nph.70186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70186","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis has independently evolved many times in arid-adapted plant lineages. <i>Cistanthe cachinalensis</i> (Montiaceae), a desert annual, can upregulate CAM facultatively upon stress such as drought. Few studies, however, consider life history stages when measuring CAM activity or its facultative onset.</li>\u0000<li>To test the effect of drought and flowering on photosynthetic activity, we assayed <i>Cistanthe</i> individuals in fully watered and drought conditions, as well as fully watered individuals at pre-flowering and flowering life stages. We assembled and annotated a chromosome-scale genome of <i>C. cachinalensis</i> and compared it with the genome of <i>Portulaca amilis</i> and analyzed differential gene expression.</li>\u0000<li>Results show significantly upregulated CAM in drought conditions as compared to fully watered conditions; furthermore, flowering individuals showed slightly higher CAM activity as compared to pre-flowering plants, even when fully watered. Differential gene expression analyses provide preliminary support for the possible coregulation of CAM expression and reproduction.</li>\u0000<li>We emphasize the potentially missed significance of life history in the CAM literature and consider how the CAM biochemical module could become co-opted into other plant behaviors and responses, such as the shift to reproduction or flowering in annuals.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating canopy leaf angle from leaf to ecosystem scale: a novel deep learning approach using unmanned aerial vehicle imagery","authors":"Zhe Wang, Zaichun Zhu, Sen Cao, Josep Peñuelas, Da Zeng, Dajing Li, Weiqing Zhao, Yaoyao Zheng, Jiana Chen, Pengjun Zhao","doi":"10.1111/nph.70197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70197","url":null,"abstract":"Summary<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>Leaf angle distribution (LAD) impacts plant photosynthesis, water use efficiency, and ecosystem primary productivity, which are crucial for understanding surface energy balance and climate change responses. Traditional LAD measurement methods are time‐consuming and often limited to individual sites, hindering effective data acquisition at the ecosystem scale and complicating the modeling of canopy LAD variations.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We present a deep learning approach that is more affordable, efficient, automated, and less labor‐intensive than traditional methods for estimating LAD. The method uses unmanned aerial vehicle images processed with structure‐from‐motion point cloud algorithms and the Mask Region‐based convolutional neural network.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Validation at the single‐leaf scale using manual measurements across three plant species confirmed high accuracy of the proposed method (<jats:italic>Pachira glabra</jats:italic>: <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0.87, RMSE = 7.61°; <jats:italic>Ficus elastica</jats:italic>: <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0.91, RMSE = 6.72°; <jats:italic>Schefflera macrostachya</jats:italic>: <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0.85, RMSE = 5.67°). Employing this method, we efficiently measured leaf angles for 57 032 leaves within a 30 m × 30 m plot, revealing distinct LAD among four representative tree species: <jats:italic>Melodinus suaveolens</jats:italic> (mean inclination angle 34.79°), <jats:italic>Daphniphyllum calycinum</jats:italic> (31.22°), <jats:italic>Endospermum chinense</jats:italic> (25.40°), and <jats:italic>Tetracera sarmentosa</jats:italic> (30.37°).</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>The method can efficiently estimate LAD across scales, providing critical structural information of vegetation canopy for ecosystem modeling, including species‐specific leaf strategies and their effects on light interception and photosynthesis in diverse forests.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}