Russian Journal of Plant Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Foliar Application of Chitosan and Salicylic Acid Improved Milk Thistle’s Tolerance to Drought Stress","authors":"R. Ghanbari Moheb Seraj, M. Behnamian, A. Ahmadikhah, K. Esmaeilzadeh-Salestani","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604154","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Drought is the main abiotic agent for growth limiters and crop production. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of chitosan and salicylic acid on morphological and physiological parameters and fatty acids content under drought stress. The first factor was drought stress levels (Field capacity (F.C), 70% of F.C and 40% of F.C), the second factor was elicitors (control (C), 0.5 mM salicylic acid, 1 mM salicylic acid, 100 mg/L chitosan and 200 mg/L chitosan) and the third factor was sampling times (3, 7, 14, 21 days after drought stress) with three replications. According to the results, comparing the three drought stress levels, severe stress treatment (40% F.C) significantly reduced the growth traits of milk thistle. Foliar application of chitosan and salicylic acid significantly compensated for the reduction of growth traits in plants under drought stress, in which chitosan frequently had higher growth and tolerance than salicylic acid. The role of elicitors in reducing the stress negative effects on plant growth is often due to stimulating chlorophylls, reducing hydrogen peroxide levels, and production of antioxidant enzymes. In our findings, chitosan demonstrated an increase of 28.4, 10, and 8% in relative water content (RWC), chlorophylls, and catalase activity, respectively, compared to the control. Similarly, salicylic acid revealed an increase of 29.3, 4, and 2% in the same parameters compared to the control. Besides, hydrogen peroxide in plants treated with chitosan and salicylic acid decreased by 20 and 15%, respectively. Besides, drought stress significantly reduced the predominant fatty acids in the seed, which elicitor application reduced the effect of stress slightly. Chitosan had a higher effect than salicylic acid in increasing fatty acids content. Foliar application of CHT and SA increased plant tolerance under drought stress. A comparison of two elicitors showed that CHT had a clear effect on plant development and amplification of defense systems against SA.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the Stress-Tolerant Transgenic Wheat Line Overexpressing the AtOPR3 Gene Encoding the Jasmonate Biosynthesis Enzyme 12-Oxophytodienoate Reductase","authors":"D. N. Miroshnichenko, A. V. Pigolev, K. G. Tikhonov, E. A. Degtyaryov, E. F. Leshchenko, V. V. Alekseeva, A. S. Pushin, S. V. Dolgov, A. Basnet, D. P. Gorbach, T. S. Leonova, A. A. Frolov, T. V. Savchenko","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604658","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Jasmonates are involved in the regulation of protective mechanisms of plants against unfavorable environments as well as in control of their growth and development. Main data on jasmonate biosynthesis and signals transduction pathways were obtained on model dicotyledonous plant <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. Meanwhile, functions and molecular mode of action of these compounds are still poorly investigated in monocotyledons, including wheat. In the present study, the stress tolerance of transgenic line (Tr-3) and nontransgenic plants of bread wheat cv. Saratovskaya-60 was studied. Transgenic line Tr-3 overexpresses <i>AtOPR3</i> (<i>12-OXOPHYTODIENOATE REDUCTASE 3</i>) gene from <i>A. thaliana</i> encoding the jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme 12-oxophytodienoate reductase. In spite of the high expression level of <i>AtOPR3</i>, the content of jasmonic acid and its conjugate with isoleucine in intact leaves of the transgenic plants remained unchanged. Furthermore, in the mechanically wounded leaves, the content of jasmonic acid in the transgenic line Tr-3 was even lower than in nontransgenic Saratovskaya-60, while the levels of 12-oxophytodienoic acid and jasmonoil-isoleucine did not differ. In the transgenic plants, the stress-induced expression of the endogenous jasmotate-regulated allene oxide synthase gene was, however, higher than in the nontransgenic control. The transgenic wheat plants were more tolerant to infection by necrotrophic fungus <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> and to osmotic stress caused by polyethylene glycol applied to germinating seeds. The <i>Botrytis-</i>inoculated leaves of the transgenic line Tr-3 manifested higher activity of antioxidant enzyme catalase than inoculated leaves of nontransgenic plants. This fact points to the possible role of catalase in the transgene-associated tolerance to the pathogen. Therefore, the available scarce information concerning the peculiarities of functions of the jasmonate system in wheat plants has been amended with the new data on the role of expression of one of the key genes of jasmonate biosynthesis, namely, <i>12-OXOPHYTODIENOATE REDUCTASE</i>, in control of defense responses even though the stress-induced level of jasmonic acid is decreased.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physcomitrium patens: A Model for Studying the Evolution of Proteins with Lectin Domains in Plants","authors":"A. R. Aglyamova, A. R. Khakimova, O. V. Gorshkov, T. A. Gorshkova","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604543","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Moss <i>Physcomitrium</i> (formerly <i>Physcomitrella</i>) <i>patens</i> (Hedw.) Mitt. is a seedless vascular plant with a deciphered genome, a representative of the most ancient living taxa of land plants, and a convenient model for studying the evolutionary development of plants. In order to study the formation and functions of carbohydrate-binding proteins in plants during evolution, a genome-wide screening of genes encoding proteins with lectin domains in the <i>P. patens</i> genome was carried out, and their expression in various cells and tissues of moss was analyzed. We identified 141 genes encoding proteins from 15 families, the set and number of representatives of which differed significantly from the earlier analyzed angiosperms. In <i>P. patens</i>, some of the proteins with lectin domains had a specific domain architecture absent in higher seed plants. Clustering of genes according to their level of expression in various tissues of moss showed three patterns of expression of genes for proteins with lectin domains, of which the third cluster, presented in cells with a tip growth type (in caulonema, chloronema, and moss rhizoids), was characterized by the largest number of actively expressed genes. The results obtained support the idea of the early appearance of genes encoding lectins in plants and the further expansion of families of proteins with lectin domains with increasing complexity of plant organization.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-Glycosylation of Plant Proteins","authors":"I. A. Larskaya, E. O. Fedina, P. V. Mikshina, T. A. Gorshkova","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604555","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p><i>N</i>-glycosylation is one of the most common and most complex posttranslational modifications of proteins, playing a key role in their folding, quality control, and degradation, and it also influences activity, transport, localization, and interaction with other proteins. Moreover, <i>N</i>-glycosylation modulates many important biological processes, including growth, development, and morphogenesis and is involved in stress signaling processes. Moreover, while the role of <i>N</i>-glycosylation in general and the functions of individual <i>N</i>‑glycans in mammalian cells have been well studied, the studies of this process in plants lag significantly behind. The review summarizes the available information about the <i>N</i>-glycosylation process of proteins, the biosynthetic pathway and functions of various <i>N</i>-glycans in plants in the context of growth, development, and the influence of external factors. Emphasis is placed on the main points that must be taken into account when studying this process in plants, and the possibilities of practical use of the acquired knowledge for glycoengineering of plant proteins are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Mechanisms Regulating Root Cap Cell Renewal in Arabidopsis thaliana L.","authors":"V. A. Cherenko, N. A. Omelyanchuk, E. V. Zemlyanskaya","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604610","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Synchronization of spatially separated processes of cells’ division and loss is crucial in renewal and maintenance of organ and tissue structure; however, genetic mechanisms of its regulation are poorly understood. In plants, root cap located at the root tip is quickly renewed protecting the stem cell niche against mechanical injury and performing some other important functions. In spite of continuous supply and differentiation of daughter cells from division of initials (stem cells), the root cap size does not increase because of regular sloughing of differentiated cells at its apex. In order to strictly maintain a permanent size of the root cap, it is important to synchronize divisions of stem cells with removal of the outer cell layer. In <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, which is a model species in plant genetics, root cap structure is plain and well-ordered, and old cells are sloughed as a whole layer; that is why this species is a convenient object for investigation of the mechanisms responsible for root cap renewal. It this review, we will consider maintenance of root cap structure and size in <i>A. thaliana</i> and discuss the data concerning genetic control over this process and promising research avenues in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Light Spectral Composition on Photosynthetic, Electro- and Morphophysiological Indicators of Small Radish in Conditions of Light Culture","authors":"T. E. Kuleshova, P. V. Zhelnacheva, E. M. Ezerina, V. E. Vertebny, Yu. V. Khomyakov, G. G. Panova, A. A. Kochetov, N. G. Sinyavina","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604622","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The work examines the features of light sources influence simulating solar illumination with different spectral composition with a ratio of blue : green : red ranges of 11 : 35 : 54% (AFI-3000), 19 : 38 : 43% (AFI-4000), and 25 : 38 : 37% (AFI-5000) on morphometric, biochemical, photosynthetic, and electrogenic parameters of small radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) for photoculture of the ‘Peterburgskiy fioletovyy’cultivar. The conducted studies revealed a significant increase in the yield of roots (3.45 kg/m² for 28 days of growing season), dry matter content up to 8.9% and photosynthetic pigments, reduction in the amount of nitrates to 1206 mg/kg in radish plants illuminated with AFI-5000 spectrum lamps, close to solar radiation at noon. In this variant, an increase in the coefficients of the effective quantum photochemical yield of the PS II photosystem Y (II) = 0.206, photochemical qP = 0.304, and nonphotochemical qN = 0.415 of fluorescence quenching was observed as well as a high generation of potential difference up to 532 mV in the root environment compared to AFI-3000, simulating the light of the sun near the horizon, under which illumination a high proportion of light scattering by the leaf was observed (R800 = 1.716), and AFI-4000 with a spectrum close to morning light. The AFI-4000 option showed the worst result: increased unregulated excitation energy losses Y (NO) = 0.712 and light transmission by the leaf surface of 7.5%. The use of the AFI-5000 light source contributed to obtaining higher indicators characterizing both the yield of plant products and the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus and the intensity of electrogenic processes in the root environment, which makes it possible to recommend a lamp of this type for growing root crops under light culture conditions. This positive effect is likely due to the presence in the spectrum of a greater proportion of blue light, which affects the development of the root system.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical, Genetic, and Grain Digital Evaluation of Soft Winter Wheat Varieties with Different Germination Index","authors":"A. V. Fedyaeva, S. D. Afonnikova, D. A. Afonnikov, O. G. Smirnova, V. N. Deeva, A. I. Pryanishnikov, E. A. Salina","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604592","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Resistance to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is an agronomically important trait affecting the yield and grain quality of bread wheat. PHS resistance depends both on environmental factors and the genotypic and phenotypic properties of wheat varieties. It is known that wheat varieties with red-grain are more resistant to PHS than white-grain varieties. However, at present there are no methodological approaches that allow to unambiguously distinguish red-grain varieties according to the level of PHS resistance. The purpose of the study was to compare different methods for efficient differentiation of soft winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) varieties for resistance to PHS. The germination index (GI), α-amylase activity (AAA), a digital grade of the grain color and genetic bases of the wheat varieties the grain was determined in 164 winter wheat, among them 156 were red-grain. The studies were carried out at the late milk/hard dough (LM/HD; GS77-GS87) stage and the hard grain (HG; GS92-GS93) stage. Based on the dynamics of GI it was found that late LM/HD stage is the most suitable for GI evaluation. AAA was performed using the Ceralpha method and falling number (FN) evaluation. An increase in the level of AAA during grain ripening of wheat varieties was shown. A negative correlation was found between GI and FN, FN and AAA. Using the Lab color model to assess the color variation of the grain coat allow to identify 3 variants of grain color. Genetic base of wheat varieties was analyzed by means of allelic composition of the <i>Tamyb10</i> gene, which participate in the formation of the red color of grain. The results indicated that digital analysis and allelic composition of the <i>Tamyb10</i> cannot be used as additional criterion for separation of red-grain wheat varieties for resistance to PHS. This is despite the fact that the numerous group of the varieties contain two or more dominant <i>Tamyb10</i> gene. In general, a comparison of varieties by all three parameters allow to identify a group of varieties that are most PHS resistant. This group consist of 73 red-grain varieties out of 156, while no white-grain PHS-resistant varieties were identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha- and Beta-Expansins Expressed in Different Zones of the Growing Root of Maize","authors":"T. A. Gorshkova, N. V. Shilova, L. V. Kozlova, O. V. Gorshkov, A. R. Nazipova, A. R. Aglyamova, S. M. Polyakova, A. Yu. Nokel, V. V. Golovchenko, P. V. Mikshina, O. A. Patova, N. V. Bovin","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604609","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Expansins are small proteins that play a key role in modifying the structure of the cell wall during various physiological processes, in particular cell growth by elongation. Expansins are encoded by a large multigene family and are divided into four subfamilies, the main ones being alpha- and beta-expansins; the latter have received special development in cereals. Expansins are thought to modify the interactions of cellulose with xyloglucan (alpha-expansins) or with arabinoxylan (beta-expansins). At the same time, expansins do not have catalytic activity, the specific mechanism of their action is unclear, same as the physiological significance of such a wide variety of isoforms. To study the expression patterns of individual expansins, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis of all expansin genes identified in the maize genome using a convenient model system—zones of the maize growing primary root that differ in the stage of cell development and the composition of their cell walls. Of the 91 maize expansin genes, 67 were expressed in the root, and most expansin genes were characterized by a narrow range of zones with maximum transcript levels. Using a glycoarray containing 183 polysaccharides from the cell walls of plants of various species, we demonstrated that recombinant expansins AtEXPA1 and AtEXPB1 are able to bind to arabinogalactans and rhamnogalacturonans I and a number of other cell wall polysaccharides, which expands the list of their potential carbohydrate targets. Differences in the specificity of the interaction of alpha- and beta-expansins with various polysaccharides, both quantitatively and qualitatively, have been demonstrated. It has been hypothesized that the abundance of expansins in one plant organism and the fine regulation of their expression can be explained, at least in part, by the specific binding of individual expansins to specific cell wall polysaccharides.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obtaining and Primary Phenotypic Characterization of Berlin Poplar Transformed by AtGA20ox1 Gene","authors":"V. V. Pavlichenko, M. V. Protopopova","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604646","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Increasing the rate of biomass gain is one of the most important areas in the breeding of woody plants. However, the application of classical breeding approaches to woody plants is significantly limited due to the long breeding cycles of many species. The development of genetic engineering and genome editing technologies has made it possible to improve tree traits in a relatively short time. Genes for the biosynthesis of phytohormones are often the target of genetic manipulations aimed at accelerating plant growth. Gibberellin 20-oxidase is a key enzyme responsible for the active production of gibberellins in plants and is, therefore, a preferred target for genetic manipulation to increase growth rate. This paper presents an original study on the production of <i>Populus</i> <i>×</i> <i>berolinensis</i> K. Koch, transformed by gene encoding gibberellin 20-oxidase from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (L.) Heynh. (<i>AtGA20ox1</i>), and the initial evaluation of the phenotypic effects of the transformation. The main phenotypic manifestations of the transformation were a pronounced elongation of the stem due to an increase in the size of the internodes, a slight thinning of the stem, as well as lengthening and narrowing of the leaves. Our results showed that <i>AtGA20ox1</i> gene overexpression in Berlin poplar leads to an acceleration of its growth by at least three times under in vitro conditions compared to control values. The negative effects of transformation, expressed in weak rooting or a high frequency of apical necrosis and observed in some transgenic strains at the initial stages of selection, do not appear in the three final selected strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Callose Metabolism in Flax Fibers During Gravity Response: Analysis of Gene Expression","authors":"N. N. Ibragimova, N. E. Mokshina","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604567","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Motor responses of plants related to tropisms are usually carried out using elongation growth mechanisms. However, this study examined gravitropism at the level of cells (primary phloem fibers) that have completed their growth and are forming a thickened tertiary cell wall. A stocktaking and analysis of the gene expression of enzymes for callose metabolism was carried out at different stages of development of phloem fibers of flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L.) and during the gravitational response. Genes of putative β-1,3-glucan synthases (GSLs) and β-1,3-glucanases (BGs) were identified, which have a differential expression pattern in the studied cells, among which genes with the maximum level of expression at a certain stage of development were noted. Generally, the expression of β-1,3-glucan synthase genes was decreased during gravitropism, while β-1,3-glucanase genes were characterized by different expression profiles, among which genes with an increased expression level (<i>LusBG1</i> and <i>LusBG3</i>) were identified only during the graviresponse. The data obtained allowed the authors to assume the presence of active callose metabolism in the cell wall of the studied fibers at different stages of development and that callose degradation dominates during the gravitational response in such fibers. The results of the work lay the foundation for further studies of the function of callose in the development of fibers and the implementation of the motor response of plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}