Russian Journal of Plant Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Elevated CO2 Concentrations on Drought and Heat Tolerance of the C4-NADP Species Kochia prostrata","authors":"Z. F. Rakhmankulova, E. V. Shuyskaya, M. Yu. Prokofieva, V. V. Kazantseva, L. T. Saidova, N. V. Zagoskina, P. Yu. Voronin","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605275","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effect of elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) on changes in the morphophysiological, biochemical, and molecular genetic parameters of the C₄-NADP halophyte <i>Kochia prostrata</i> (L.) Schrad. under short-term water deficit (WD) and/or elevated temperatures (eT) was studied. The changes in the parameters of growth, water–salt balance, CO₂/H₂O gas exchange, PSII efficiency, PSI cyclic electron transport (CET) activity, photosynthetic gene expression, key carboxylation enzyme content, and antioxidative system activity were studied. Plants reacted more negatively to water deficit than to other individual factors (eCO₂ or eT). The expression of genes encoding components of PSI (<i>psaA, psaB</i>), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase Rubisco (<i>rbcL</i>), and pyruvate phosphate dikinase (<i>PPDK</i>) was downregulated, and a decrease was observed in the content of the photosynthetic enzymes Rubisco and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPС) and fresh biomass, PSII efficiency, apparent photosynthesis, and transpiration rates, indicating a stomatal and metabolic limitation of photosynthesis associated with insufficient functioning of the C₄ carbon-concentrating mechanism. eT did not significantly affect the growth parameters and water–salt balance of <i>K. prostrata</i>. Decreased apparent photosynthesis intensity at eT was mainly associated with stomatal limitation (decreased transpiration). The most severe stress was caused by eT + WD. A decrease in <i>psaA, psaB, rbcL</i>, and <i>PPDK</i> expression, PSII efficiency and PSI CET activity, photosynthesis and transpiration intensity, fresh biomass and water content and an increase in proline accumulation and oxidative stress indices were observed. The effect of eCO₂ mitigated the negative effect of individual and combined water deficit and temperature stress on CO₂/H₂O gas exchanges (apparent photosynthesis, transpiration) but enhanced their negative effect on PSII functioning. Additionally, under eT + WD, eCO₂ contributed to a significant increase in proline content and the activation of antioxidant defense, with the participation of catalase, phenolic compounds, and PSI CET. Overall, eCO₂ affected the mechanisms of homeostatic water balance and antioxidant defense and the ratio of light and dark reactions of photosynthesis during the adaptation of <i>K. prostrata</i> to drought and/or eT compared with ambient CO₂ conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141571373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of High Irradiance and Light Quality on Physiological Parameters in A. thaliana hy4 Mutants","authors":"A. Y. Khudyakova, A. A. Ashikhmin, P. P. Pashkovskiy, A. A. Abramova, V. D. Kreslavski","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604865","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effects of high irradiance on PSII activity, pigment content and gene expression in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (L.) Heynh. <i>hy4</i> mutant with cryptochrome 1 deficiency and wild type grown in light of different spectral composition (LDSC) were studied. <i>A. thaliana</i> wild type (WT) and <i>hy4</i> mutant plants were grown for 20 days in white light (100 μmol photon/m² s), then, the plants were grown for 3 days under red (RL), blue (BL) and green (GL) light at a ratio of RL : BL : GL = 4 : 1 : 0; 4 : 1 : 0.3 or only on BL, after which they were irradiated with HIL (4 h, 1000 μmol photon/m² s). In all variants, HIL irradiation caused a decrease in PSII activity, which was most significant in the BL treatment in <i>hy4</i>. The most significant decreases in the contents of photosynthetic pigments, UV-absorbing pigments and anthocyanins under LDSC were observed only on BL in the mutant. Additionally, in all the variants, the transcript levels of genes encoding key antioxidant and involved in carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis enzymes were lower in <i>hy4</i> than in the WT. Moreover, in all the treatment group HIL induced the accumulation of zeaxanthin and a decrease in the violaxanthin. It is assumed that the mechanisms used to counteract oxidative stress induced by HIL include the accumulation of pigments such as carotenoids and anthocyanins, as well as the mechanisms of zeaxanthin-related nonphotochemical quenching and the quenching through the accumulation of β-carotene. However, the contents of the pigments appear to play decisive roles in protecting the <i>Arabidopsis</i> photosynthetic apparatus from HIL.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Productivity and Seed Quality through Silicon-Based Seed Priming under Salt-Stressed Conditions","authors":"N. Lamsaadi, H. Ellouzi, W. Zorrig, A. El Moukhtari, C. Abdelly, A. Savouré, A. Debez, M. Farissi","doi":"10.1134/s1021443723602562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443723602562","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Salinity constrains the development and yield of valuable aromatic and medicinal plants, including fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.). Silicon (Si) is a promising strategy for managing salt stress. However, knowledge related to the effects of Si-seed priming on growth and yield of salt-stressed fenugreek under natural conditions are scarce. Hence, the present work aimed to investigate whether Si-seed priming (0–60 mM CaSiO₃) could help to improve the performance of fenugreek when subjected to salt stress (100 and 150 mM NaCl). Findings show that salt stress significantly reduced germination related parameters and triggered an oxidative stress in fenugreek seedlings. However, Si priming was found to be effective in attenuating oxidative stress and enhancing germination parameters under salt stress. Indeed, the most pronounced effect was observed in primed seed with 20 mM Si. This concentration was then selected to assess the effect of Si priming on growth and yield in salt-stressed fenugreek grown under natural conditions. Si priming significantly enhanced plant biomass and yield-related parameters in salt-stressed plants as relative to non-primed plants. Interestingly, the biochemical characterization of harvested seeds revealed that Si priming not only improved growth and yield attributes but also enhanced the nutritional quality and antioxidant activity in harvested seed from salt-stressed plants. In summary, the results of this study provide compelling evidence that, as a promising and eco-friendly approach, Si-based seed priming mitigates the adverse effects of salinity on fenugreek growth and yield under natural conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Monitoring Methods for Net CO2 Exchange Rate of Individual Standing Tree","authors":"Z. H. Xu, Y. D. Zhao","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724603938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724603938","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The net CO₂ exchange rate, a pivotal plant physiology metric representing the carbon sequestration and release capacity of individual trees, is crucial for unraveling the underlying mechanisms of plant growth, carbon balance dynamics and environmental adaptability. This study focused on optimizing the static assimilation chamber to facilitate automated and long-term acquisition of the net CO₂ exchange rate in individual standing tree, with the entire <i>Radermachera sinica</i> as the research object. Concurrently, we monitored environmental factors and stem water content; Notably, a proprietary stem water content sensor was innovatively employed to capture the internal water dynamics within stem tissue; While the Internet of Things (IoT) technology was leveraged to establish a monitoring system for the net CO₂ exchange rate of individual standing tree. Initially, we conducted an exploratory analysis on the characteristics of the net CO₂ exchange rate by integrating stem water content under distinct watering conditions, and uncovered interplay between plant carbon sequestration capacity and internal water dynamics. Subsequently, machine learning models, including the support vector machine (SVM), backpropagation (BP) neural network, and random forest (RF) algorithms, were developed to predict the net CO₂ exchange rate. The results revealed that under normal watering conditions, the net CO₂ exchange rate exhibited diurnal U-shaped variations, generally transitioning from positive to negative in the morning and vice versa in the evening, with daily carbon sequestration remaining negative. Under drought stress and subsequent rehydration, the net CO₂ exchange rate demonstrated a gradual reduction, followed by disruption, and eventual recovery, resulting in the daily carbon sequestration transitioning from negative to positive, then back to negative. A significant positive correlation was observed between the net CO₂ exchange rate and stem water content change rate; In most cases, positive or zero stem water content change rate corresponded to carbon release, whereas negative change rate indicated carbon absorption. The RF model exhibited superior predictive accuracy, displaying strong agreement between predicted and actual values. Specifically, under normal watering conditions, the RF model achieved Root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²), and mean absolute error (MAE) values of 1.356, 0.8576 and 0.9257%, respectively; Under drought stress and subsequent rehydration, corresponding values were 1.4567, 0.8436, and 1.0258%, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyridoxine-HCl Plus Gypsum and Humic Acid Reinforce Salinity Tolerance of Coriander Plants with Boosting Yield and Modifying Oil Fractionations","authors":"M. L. Hadid, T. A. Abd El-Mageed, K. M. A. Ramadan, H. S. El-Beltagi, K. M. Alwutayd, K. A. Hemida, T. A. Shalaby, M. I. Al-daej, H. S. Saudy, O. A. A. I. Al-Elwany","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724603975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724603975","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Despite soil salinity is one of the prime abiotic stresses, exploiting the saline soils for the agricultural production will increase in the forthcoming decades to fulfill the human food requirements. Of course, the induction of crop tolerance to salt stress will share in plant growth enhancement and keeping productivity. The current study aimed to assess the influence of soil amendments (gypsum, GP and humic acid, HA) and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine-HCl), levels on growth, yield traits and bioactive compounds of coriander plants grown in salt-affected soil. GP and HA, whether individual or in combination, at a rate of 500 and 20 kg/ha, respectively, were applied under spraying of B6 at three levels of at 0.0, 150, 300 µM. The experiment was performed in a strip-plot arrangement under randomized complete blocks design using three replications. Findings illustrated the increases in umbels number/plant, umblets number/plant, seed counts/umbels, and seed yield/plant due to applying GP + HA × B6-leafy applied at 300 µM were 150.3, 117.9, 157.4, and 237.8%, respectively. GP + HA mixture with spraying 300 µM B6 possessed the lowest values of H₂O₂ and malondialdehyde (by 1.78 and 0.12 µmol/g FW, orderly), in relative to the control. As well, the highest significant percentages of TSS, SPC, FAA, and FProC were obtained from the combination of GP + HA mixture × 300 µM B6. Coriander plants received 300 µM B6 and amended with GP + HA mixture gave the greatest N, P and K⁺ and the lowest Na⁺ contents. Briefly, cultivating coriander plants in salty soils requires compatible agricultural practices via soil amendments plus exogenous application of vitamins. Herein, soil addition of gypsum + humic acid with foliar application of vitamin B6 could be a recommended practice in managing coriander production under saline soil conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitric Oxide Reduced Saponin Metabolite in Chenopodium quinoa Seedlings Cultivated under Salinity","authors":"T. Jafari, Alireza Iranbakhsh, K. Kamali Aliabad, F. Daneshmand, S. E. Seifati","doi":"10.1134/s1021443723603518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443723603518","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This study explored whether the exogenously applied nitric oxide (NO; 25 µM for 12 times with 7 days intervals) triggers variations in growth, physiological traits, and molecular characteristics in quinoa <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> seedlings under two electrical conductivity (EC) conditions, including 1.5 and 8 dS/m. The foliar application of NO not only increased the number of leaves produced and the biomass of the shoots under the low EC conditions, but also mitigated the risk associated with the high EC conditions. Higher proline levels were recorded in both the leaves and the roots of plants treated with NO and/or salinity among which the (NO + salinity) group had the highest amount. Both NO and high EC treatments contributed to the reduction of the saponin metabolite concentration. The highest activity of the PAL enzyme was recorded in NO-treated seedlings cultivated under high EC conditions. Total soluble phenolic and flavonoid content exhibited a similar trend to that of the PAL activity in response to the NO treatments under two EC conditions. The NO or saline treatments individually up-regulated the <i>WRKY</i> transcription factor by an average of 4.2-fold, while the NO treatment under the saline medium led to a drastic increase (9.7-fold) in the expression of this gene. The <i>bZIP</i> gene also showed a similar trend as the <i>WRKY</i> transcription factor gene. According to the statistical analysis, the saponin content was negatively correlated with the expression of the evaluated genes (<i>WRKY</i> and <i>bZIP</i>). In conclusion, NO confers salinity resistance and may improve the quality of quinoa-based foods by reducing saponin accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold Responses Related to Abscisic Acid, Gibberellin and Indole Acetic Acid and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants in Chickpea","authors":"A.-S. Nikkhoye-Tanha, R. Maali-Amiri, A. M. Naji, A. Rezaei, F. Eshaghi-Gorji, B. Sadeghzadeh, A. Abbasi","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724603963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724603963","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Cold response in plants is mediated by metabolic adjustments of hormones and defense systems which support survival, growth, and crop productivity. Hence, a comparative analysis of metaboliteschangewas conducted in conjunction with oxidative damages in two chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) genotypes differing in cold-tolerance (Sel96th11439 and ILC533) during coldstress (4°C). In sensitive genotype, cold stress increased H₂O₂ and MDA contents by 47 and 57%, respectively, without any significant changes in tolerant genotype. During stress, unlike the tolerant genotype, the growth of sensitive genotype was markedly inhibited (by 11%) compared to control conditions. During the initial stages of cold responses, ABA content in tolerant genotype reached its peak, showing 77% increase 3 days post stress (dps), whereas the sensitive genotype showed 20% raise 6 dps. Gibberellin (GA) content in the tolerant genotype was 16% higher than the sensitive genotype 1 dps. Compared to control conditions, indole acetic acid (IAA) content attained its maximum level in tolerant and sensitive genotypes at 1 and 6 dps, respectively. 15% increase in phenol compoundsin tolerant genotype was concomitant with heightened antioxidant capacity, as well as increased in flavonoid and anthocyanin contents by 46, 75 and 200% respectively. At 6 dps, a significant increase in transcript levels of chalcone synthase (15.3-fold), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (3.5-fold), and <i>DELLA</i> (4.2-fold) genes were observed in tolerant genotype at 6 dps. It can be concluded that ability to develop defense responses towards cold stress was related to integrating time-dependent co-regulation patterns of hormone-metabolites with effective stability of plant pigments and growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruption of Long-Distance Transport Leads to Changes in Gene Expression Profiles of Sugar Transporters in Silver Birch","authors":"Yu. L. Moshchenskaya, N. A. Galibina, T. V. Tarelkina, K. M. Nikerova, A. A. Serkova, M. A. Korzhenevskyi, A. V. Klimova, I. N. Sofronova, L. I. Semenova","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604944","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Karelian birch is a form of silver birch that is characterized by a violation of the ratio and spatial orientation of the structural elements of the trunk conductive tissues, resulting in the formation of typical figured wood. Karelian birch trees differ greatly in the degree of manifestation of abnormalities, and within the trunk of one tree there can be wood with normal and abnormal structure. The objects of study were 16-year-old common silver birch and Karelian birch trees with abnormal wood. We studied the expression profiles of genes encoding sucrose transporters to identify the role of apoplastic sucrose transport in the formation of trunk tissues in figure wood Karelian birch trees. For analysis, we selected figured and non-figured trunk section of the Karelian birch trees. We showed a sharp decrease in phloem conductivity in Karelian birch plants (2.3 times) compared to common silver birch. In addition to the inhibition of long-distance transport in Karelian birch trees, a disruption of the sucrose concentration gradient between the phloem and xylem was also observed, which probably contributes to the disruption of the symplastic radial transport of sugars to the developing wood. Changes in the symplastic transport system in Karelian birch led to an increased role of apoplastic transport, which was expressed in an increase in the gene expression of the <i>SUT</i> and <i>SWEET</i> gene families, encoding sucrose transporters that carry out transmembrane exchange of sucrose between cells and the apoplastic space.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Analysis of Transcriptome and Small RNA Sequencing Reveals the Mechanism of UV-B-promoted Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Ginkgo biloba","authors":"Y. Chu, H. Zhang, P. Wan, W. Li, L. Wang, S. Liu","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604749","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Flavonoids are the most abundant medicinal ingredients in <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. leaf extract (GBE), which is an important industrial raw material for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Our previous study found significantly higher flavonoid content in <i>G.</i> <i>biloba</i> leaves treated with UV-B for 7 days. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the miRNA-mRNA network responds to UV-B irradiation and regulates flavonoid biosynthesis remain unclear. Here, we identified 1348 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by transcriptome sequencing of <i>G.</i> <i>biloba</i> leaves from UV-B treatment at 0 (CK) and 7 days, and 89.76% of DEG were induced by UV-B irradiation. Analysis of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway revealed 16 differentially expressed structural genes (SGs), all of which were upregulated after UV-B treatment. Twelve DEGs were identified by analyzing transcription factors (TFs), including MYB, bHLH, and WD40, which regulate flavonoid biosynthesis, 11 of which were upregulated. Furthermore, small RNA sequencing of ginkgo leaves from control and UV-B-treated groups on days 0 and 7 revealed 58 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the target genes of the DEMs were significantly enriched in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Finally, combined analysis of transcriptome and miRNA data identified 32 DEMs targeting 43 SGs involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, and 42 DEMs targeting 68 TFs that regulate flavonoid biosynthesis. Taken together, our findings revealed that multiple miRNA-SG and miRNA-TF networks may regulate <i>G.</i> <i>biloba</i> flavonoid biosynthesis in response to UV-B irradiation, providing new insights into the miRNA regulation of <i>G.</i> <i>biloba</i> flavonoid biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Pixels to Phenotypes: Quest of Machine Vision for Drought Tolerance Traits in Plants","authors":"V. Hegde, M. S. Sowmya, P. S. Basavaraj, M. Sonone, H. Deshmukh, K. S. Reddy, J. Rane","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604671","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Drought stress poses a significant threat to global agricultural productivity and food security. Understanding how plants adapt to drought conditions is crucial for developing drought-resistant crop varieties. Plants have been gifted with adaptation capacity to cope with situations arising from water deficit. Their capacity to acclimate is featured by adaptive changes in plants. The capacity to capture changes in shoot architecture has now been enhanced by the advent of non-invasive phenotyping techniques involving various imaging systems in plant phenomics platforms. These platforms thrive on the assumption that the plant responses reflected in terms of changes in the structure of the plant that can offer ample scope to employ machine vision for differentiating the responses of plants to soil-moisture deficit. Further, it is assumed that the detectable genetic variation in morphological traits responding to soil moisture deficit can provide hints about a plant’s tolerance to stress and can be exploited to improve crop productivity in drought-prone areas. Genomic interventions utilizing high throughput phenotyping, make the selection of drought-tolerant genotypes easier. In recent years, machine vision has emerged as a powerful tool to study and quantify plant responses to drought stress. This article reviews the current state of knowledge on drought-adaptive responses in plants and explores the potential of genomic-assisted breeding tools coupled with high-throughput phenotyping platforms and machine vision to accelerate the elucidation of genotypic differences in adaptive traits. We also highlighted its role in deciphering the complex interplay of genotypic variations in drought-adaptive traits and harnessing artificial intelligence (AI) for machine vision data processing for the transformative potential in enhancing our understanding of plant responses to drought and expediting the development of climate-resilient crop varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}