Rice最新文献

{"title":"Large Grain 2, an NHL Domain-Containing Protein, Interacts with FUWA and Regulates Plant Architecture and Grain Size Through the Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway in Rice.","authors":"Zhengyan Xu, Jierui Zeng, Xiaorong Zhou, Yang Liu, Feifan Chen, Haitang Liu, Xiao Peng, Zhengqi Han, Feihong Hou, Hao Wang, Weilan Chen, Bin Tu, Ting Li, Jiawei Xiong, Zhaohui Zhong, Yuping Wang, Bingtian Ma, Peng Qin, Shigui Li, Hua Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00797-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12284-025-00797-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant architecture and grain size are critical traits for rice breeding. Brassinosteroid (BR), a class of plant hormones, regulates these traits by modulating cell elongation, division, and differentiation. Therefore, exploring BR-related genes to leverage their pleiotropic effects is crucial for crop improvement. We identify a novel gene, Large Grain 2 (LG2), which encodes a Golgi-localized protein containing an NHL domain. This gene plays a crucial role in regulating both plant architecture and grain size in rice. Mechanistically, FUWA, a paralog of LG2, directly interacts with LG2 and enhances its protein stability. Furthermore, our findings indicate that LG2 is involved in BR signaling. Collectively, these results suggest that the LG2-FUWA module synergistically regulate plant architecture and grain size through the BR pathway in rice. Our study provides new insights into the function of NHL domain-containing proteins in plants and introduces a novel BR component for crop improvement. The LG2-FUWA module regulates plant architecture and grain size through the BR pathway in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring FKBP12's Role in Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Rice.","authors":"Yaohuang Jiang, Yu Qiao, Chenxi Ye, Fei Chen, Yanli Zhang, Yingying Ma, Sining Wang, Limin Wu, Banpu Ruan, Yanchun Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00795-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12284-025-00795-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice, as the largest consumer of global freshwater resources, faces significant challenges due to increasing drought conditions exacerbated by climate change. In this study, we explore the critical role of FKBP12, a molecular chaperone protein, in modulating drought tolerance in rice. Utilizing a T-DNA insertional mutant (fkbp12) and FKBP12-overexpressing lines, we investigated the gene's influence on rice under various drought conditions. Our results revealed that the fkbp12 mutant exhibited significantly enhanced drought tolerance compared to the wild type, evidenced by improved water retention, reduced cellular damage, and an upregulated expression of key drought-responsive genes such as OsNCED3, OsSNAC1, and OsDREB2A. This suggests a compensatory upregulation of abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated pathways, enhancing the plant's ability to cope with water deficit. Conversely, overexpression of FKBP12 resulted in increased sensitivity to drought, likely due to disruption in stress signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms. Additionally, we observed an impact on seed development, where the fkbp12 mutant presented smaller seed sizes, indicating a potential trade-off between growth and stress tolerance. This comprehensive analysis not only highlights the diverse roles of FKBP12 in drought stress response but also its implications for rice yield and seed development, providing valuable insights for breeding more resilient rice varieties in the face of escalating climate challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Variation of PH8 Allele Improves Architecture and Cold Tolerance in Rice.","authors":"Cheng Chen, Xia Zhang, Jialin Chen, Mingjia Xu, Weiying Zhao, Yangkai Wang, Zhuo Chen, Jiawei Xiong, Hua Yuan, Weilan Chen, Bin Tu, Ting Li, Liangzhu Kang, Shiwen Tang, Yuping Wang, Bingtian Ma, Shigui Li, Peng Qin","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00793-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12284-025-00793-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Empirical breeding efforts targeting cold tolerance and ideal plant architecture have significantly improved yield and facilitated the geographic expansion of japonica rice cultivation. However, the genetic drivers and underlying molecular mechanisms of these traits remain insufficiently understood. Here, we identify Plant Height 8 (PH8) as a key gene regulating both plant stature and cold stress response in rice. Genome wide association analysis (GWAS), supported by functional validation, shows that loss of PH8 reduces plant height without affecting other agronomic traits. Notably, we found that PH8 also negatively regulates cold tolerance. A prevalent haplotype, PH8^Hap.0, exhibits reduced PH8 expression due to natural variation in its promoter region, resulting in shorter plants and enhanced cold tolerance. Selective sweep and geographic distribution analyses indicate that PH8^Hap.0 originated in high-latitude regions and underwent strong directional selection during modern japonica improvement. Functional assays demonstrate that PH8 enhances cold tolerance via improved reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging by repressing APX2, an antioxidant gene involved in ROS detoxification. Our findings reveal PH8 as a dual regulator of plant architecture and cold stress adaptation, and highlight PH8^Hap.0 as a historically selected allele that contributed to the climatic adaptation and geographical expansion of japonica rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lesion Mimic Mutant: An Ideal Genetic Material for Deciphering the Balance Between Plant Immunity and Growth.","authors":"Huilin Chen, Letong Liu, Qiguang Zhou, Yulin Zhu, Ziwen Gao, Taotao Zhu, Jie Huang, Mengxue Du, Yong Song, Lingzhi Meng","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00789-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12284-025-00789-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) form hypersensitive response (HR)-like lesions, a form of programmed cell death (PCD), in the absence of pathogens, that often confer durable and broad-spectrum disease resistance, representing a potential source for breeding resistance. However, most LMM plants have significant growth retardation including cell death, leaf senescence, damaged chloroplast structure, decreased chlorophyll contents, and undesirable agronomic traits. Therefore, LMMs represent ideal genetic materials to decipher interactions between defense signaling and programmed cell death, and growth. Many LMMs have been identified in rice, and at least 61 genes have been cloned and functionally confirmed. LMM genes are reported to participate in various regulation pathways, including gene transcription and protein translation, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, protein phosphorylation, vesicle trafficking, metabolic pathways, and phytohormone signaling, highlighting the complexity of regulatory mechanisms. This review discusses recent progress on characteristics of rice LMM and mechanisms of LMM gene regulation, and suggests directions for future theoretical research and the potential use of LMMs in rice breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Interaction Dynamics of Growth-Promoting Bacterial Endophytes and Fertilizer on Oryza sativa L. Under Heat Stress.","authors":"Wonder Nathi Dlamini, Kuo-Pin Yu, Wen-Ching Chen, Fo-Ting Shen","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00781-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00781-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The demand for rice (Oryza sativa L.) as a staple food continues to grow, but rising temperatures due to climate change pose a significant threat to its production. This study addresses the challenge by employing endophytic bacteria and fertilizer to mitigate the adverse effects of high temperatures on rice plants. Seedlings were evaluated for growth parameters, comparing outcomes with non-inoculated counterparts under normal and 40 to 45 °C heat shock conditions. Isolates underwent thorough DNA extraction and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing for identification and were scrutinized for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits. The effects of fertilizer and thermotolerant bacteria on rice plants were investigated in controlled chambers at 25 °C for 14 days, succeeded by exposure to 40 °C for 10 days. A consecutive soil pot experiment extended over 150 days, exposing plants to growth chambers set at 35 °C for 60 days, followed by a rapid increase to 40 °C for 30 days and a subsequent reduction to 35 °C for an additional 60 days. Inoculating with the isolates resulted in panicle development and increased plant biomass and length, with fresh grain weights showing a 50% improvement when using bacterial strain W (B. paralicheniformis). Additionally, dry grain weights per panicle rose by 113% with strain W, 83% with strain N (B. pumilus), and 87% with strain D (B. paranthracis) compared to the control. Bacterial strain W exhibited the most pronounced effect on rice yield under heat stress. The results demonstrated a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels after 150 days of heat stress and half-dose of the recommended fertilizer. Bacterial inoculation increased proline, salicylate, and abscisic acid content, suggesting the alleviation of osmotic stress effects. This highlights the role of endophytic bacteria in stimulating biologically active responses within rice plant cells. Notably, bacterial strains W, N, and D show potential for enhancing plant growth and mitigating heat stress when used in conjunction with NPK50.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Alchemy: Converting Stress into Resilience via Secondary Metabolites and Calcium Signaling in Rice.","authors":"Muhammad Ikram, Maria Batool, Maaz Ullah, Burhan Khalid, Ali Mahmoud El-Badri, Ibrahim A A Mohamed, Lei Zhang, Jie Kuai, Zhenghua Xu, Jie Zhao, Jing Wang, Bo Wang, Guangsheng Zhou, Haseeb Ur Rehman","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00783-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00783-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salt stress impairs plant growth by disrupting osmotic regulation, ion homeostasis, and oxidative stress management. Plants respond by activating defense mechanisms, including the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (SMs) such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and glucosinolates (GSLs). Calcium (Ca²⁺) signaling is central to these responses, acting as an early stress signal. Ca^2⁺ influx triggers calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and other signaling molecules, which activate stress-responsive genes. SMs are pivotal in mitigating salt stress by promoting osmotic adjustment, maintaining cellular turgor, and modulating ion transporters to reduce Na⁺ uptake and enhance K⁺ retention. This ion homeostasis is closely regulated by Ca^2⁺ signaling, which influences transport proteins like Na⁺/K⁺ transporters and vacuolar calcium exchangers (e.g., OsCAX1). The crosstalk between SMs and Ca^2⁺ exhibited a critically important role in salt tolerance, as Ca^2⁺ influx is an essential trigger for calcium-dependent signaling pathways. Additionally, Ca^2⁺ signaling regulates the biosynthesis of SMs through transcription factors like MYB and WRKY. These SMs help detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS) by regulating antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), aided by MAPK signaling cascades. SMs also interact with abscisic acid (ABA) signaling to regulate stomatal closure and stress-related gene expression, enhancing the plant's resistance to salt stress. Recent meta-QTL analysis has identified key loci involved in SM biosynthesis and Ca^2⁺ signaling pathways under saline conditions, providing promising targets for breeding salt-tolerant crops. This review explores the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of SMs and Ca^2⁺ signaling in plant salt stress responses, with potential applications in sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trihelix Transcription Factor OsTGS1 Regulates Grain Size and Weight in Rice.","authors":"Qingsong Gao, Jiayi Ding, Shiqing Dong, Kezhi Zheng, Xi Liu, Caiyong Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00792-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00792-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grain size is one of the major factors determining rice grain yield. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the control rice grain size remains limited. Trihelix proteins are plant-specific transcription factors that regulate plant growth and development. However, their roles in modulating grain size in cereal crops are largely unknown. Here, we report the rice trihelix family gene Oryza sativa trihelix transcription factor related to grain size 1 (OsTGS1) as a novel regulator of grain size and weight. Mutation of OsTGS1 leads to large and heavy grains, whereas overexpression of OsTGS1 results in small and light grains. OsTGS1 regulates grain size by influencing cell division and cell expansion in spikelet hulls. OsTGS1 is expressed in various tissues, and its expression level increases during panicle development. The OsTGS1 protein is localized to the nucleus and exhibits transcriptional repressor activity. The screening of interacting proteins via a yeast two-hybrid assay revealed that OsTGS1 interacted with GSK3/SHAGGY-LIKE KINASE2 (GSK2), an important regulator of various agronomic traits, including grain size, in rice. Moreover, ostgs1 mutants are hypersensitive to exogenous brassinosteroid treatment, indicating that OsTGS1 may be involved in brassinosteroid signaling. Our study reveals the role of OsTGS1 in controlling grain size and provides a new gene resource for improving grain weight in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORE FLORET1 Interacts with C-type Replication Protein A Complex and Regulates Male Meiosis in Rice.","authors":"Lianjun Zhu, Rou Chen, Yu Huang, Guobin Liang, Jinwen Wu, Haibin Guo, Xiangdong Liu, Zijun Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00791-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00791-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meiosis plays a pivotal role in plant reproduction, which is also crucial for enhancing genetic diversity. Although the impact of MOF1 on floral organ development and its negative regulation of the key tapetal gene PKS2 have been established, the specific function of MOF1 in male meiotic process remains elusive. In this study, we identified two mutant lines of MOF1 in Nipponbare background. Compared to the wild-type controls, MOF1 mutations resulted in significant reductions in seed setting rate and pollen fertility, partially attributed to its defects in the formation of male meiotic bivalents. RNA-seq analyses and RT-qPCR assays revealed that loss-of-function mutation of MOF1 didn't alter expression levels of 60 known meiotic-regulated genes, suggesting that MOF1 may not function as a transcriptional factor in its meiotic regulation. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays demonstrated the protein-protein interactions among MOF1, RPA2c, RPA1c, as well as FAR1, among which RPA1c and RPA2c involved in meiotic bivalent formation. Furthermore, gene expression pattern analyses and subcellular localization studies indicated the co-expression among above interacted proteins in nucleus during anther development. Our findings provide a mechanistic insight into how MOF1 modulate male meiosis possibly through interactions with key meiotic proteins, facilitating a better understanding of male reproductive regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsERF2 Acts as a Direct Downstream Target of OsEIL1 to Negatively Regulate Salt Tolerance in Rice.","authors":"Jiahao Zhou, Shengliang Fang, Xinjie Liu, Lei Luo, Yuhua Liu, Haiwen Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00787-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00787-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity is a significant limiting factor that adversely affects plant growth, distribution and crop yield. Ethylene responsive factors play crucial roles in plant responses to and tolerance of various abiotic stresses. Recently, we revealed that OsERF2 is involved in root growth by transcriptionally regulating hormone and sugar signaling in rice. Here, we report that OsERF2 is a direct target gene of OsEIL1 and negatively regulates salt tolerance in rice. Compared to the wild type, the gain-of-function mutant of OsERF2 (nsf2857) and the knockdown of OsERF2 via an artificial microRNA (Ami-ERF2) exhibited decreased and increased salt tolerance, respectively. The enhanced salt tolerance observed in Ami-OsERF2 lines was associated with lower accumulations of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS) under salt stress, while the opposite was true for nsf2857 plants, which exhibited decreased salt tolerance. At the transcriptional level, several stress-related genes encoding ROS and NAD(P)H-related oxidoreductases were downregulated in nsf2857 plants but upregulated in Ami-ERF2 plants. Furthermore, yeast one-hybrid and ChIP assays revealed that OsEIL1 can bind to the of EBS cis element present in the promoter of OsERF2 (-bp), suggesting that OsEIL1 may directly regulate the expression of OsERF2. Collectively, our findings indicate that OsERF2 is a direct downstream factor involved in the regulation of salt tolerance in rice, highlighting its potential application in the genetic improvement of tolerance to abiotic stresses in this crop.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12021750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Dual-localized Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase is Essential for Chloroplast Development and Carbon Metabolism in Rice.","authors":"Xin Liu, Yingbo Gao, Siyuan Tang, Linli Ben, Xiaoxiang Zhang, Guichun Dong, Juan Zhou, Lingshang Lin, Zefeng Yang, Yong Zhou, Jianye Huang, Youli Yao","doi":"10.1186/s12284-025-00779-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00779-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) stands as a pivotal enzyme involved within the Calvin cycle and glycolytic pathways in bacteria and higher plants, but the specific function of OsFBA in rice is still unclear. Here, we identified a chloroplast and mitochondria dual-localized FBA protein, OsFBA1, in rice. Experimental evidence showed that the functionally deficient osfba1 mutants featured a notable decline in chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and severe growth impediment by the three-leaf stage, leading to eventual plant demise. Up-regulation of photosynthetic-pathway genes in the osfba1 mutants indicated the essential role of OsFBA1 in chloroplast development and suggested a compensatory mechanism of other genes in the process. Furthermore, the absence of OsFBA1 impaired the carbon assimilation in young rice seedlings, and supplying exogenous glucose could partially sustain the survival of osfba1 mutant for a few more days. Pathway-specific metabolomics analysis revealed a systemic change of metabolites in the glycolytic pathway, and consequential carbohydrates accumulation due to OsFBA1 disruption. Transcriptomics profiling corroborated the expression changes of photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism pathway genes. We further demonstrated that OsFBA1 serves as the primary FBA enzyme governing energy generation, photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. These results prove that OsFBA1 is an essential core gene in supporting the life cycle of rice, its expression has to be tightly regulated.</p>","PeriodicalId":21408,"journal":{"name":"Rice","volume":"18 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}