Revue neurologique最新文献

{"title":"Eculizumab as rescue therapy in a context of dramatic NMOSD attack: Report of two cases","authors":"A. San-Galli , H. Chaumont , Q. Bourgeois , J. Roge , Q. Lobjois , P. Cabre","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 995-997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean-like diets in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review","authors":"H. Abbasi ,&nbsp;F. Shakouri ,&nbsp;R. Mosaddeghi-Heris ,&nbsp;E. Gholipour-Khalili ,&nbsp;F. Jahanshahlou ,&nbsp;S. Sanaie ,&nbsp;A. Naseri ,&nbsp;M. Talebi","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mediterranean-like diet is an anti-inflammatory diet with high-fiber consumption and lower intake of saturated fatty acids<span> which is proposed to have beneficial effects in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This investigation aims to explore the impacts of this style of diet on people living with MS, based on clinical evidence.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was conducted following the 2020 version of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews<span><span> and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Both interventional and observational clinical studies which evaluated the effects of Mediterranean-like diets on MS patients were considered for inclusion. Review articles, letters, commentaries, case reports, non-English papers, and conference abstracts were excluded. PubMed, Web of Science, </span>Scopus<span>, and EMBASE databases were searched until March 23rd, 2023, and risk of bias in randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) was evaluated based on the second version of the Cochrane RoB assessment tool (RoB.2). In addition, for the observational studies, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI)’s critical appraisal tools were utilized.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span>Of 161 records that were screened in the title/abstract stage, 13 reports of 11 studies were included in the systematic review. Three RCTs (including one pilot RCT), and eight observational studies reported the effects of Mediterranean-like diets on people living with MS. The sample sizes in </span>clinical trials<span><span> varied between 36 and 147 and for observational studies between 30 and 563 patients. Evidence suggested positive effects of a Mediterranean-like diet on inflammatory status and MS-related symptoms such as fatigue, quality of life, attack rate, and </span>cognitive dysfunction.</span></div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This systematic review pointed out possible beneficial effects of Mediterranean-like diets for MS patients. The limited number of well-designed RCTs was the main limitation of this study; therefore, large-scale multiple-center interventional studies are suggested. Variety in the assessed outcomes, study designs, and groups of the studies prevented meta-analysis which was the other limitation of this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 1021-1030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136128435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What you feel is not always what you’ve got. Jean Lhermitte (1877–1959) and the phantom limb phenomenon","authors":"E. Drouin ,&nbsp;L. Tatu ,&nbsp;P. Hautecoeur","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jean Lhermitte (1877–1959), the French neurologist and psychiatrist, is most often associated with the sign he described in three patients with multiple sclerosis<span><span>, back in 1927. In 1937, Lhermitte analytically studied a series of 28 amputees experiencing </span>phantom limb sensations further to amputations dating between 1891 and 1934. After having described the main clinical characteristics of this unpublished series, we will detail the ideas advanced by Jean Lhermitte regarding the phenomenon of the phantom limb. Lhermitte will use these observations to develop conceptions of consciousness and the body schema encompassing very modern resonances.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 1145-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron overload revealing the cytoarchitecture of the red nucleus: A case study.","authors":"B Testud, M Guye, T Witjas, S Grimaldi","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative spinal cord imaging: Early ALS diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression.","authors":"M Khamaysa, M El Mendili, V Marchand, G Querin, P-F Pradat","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord. This degeneration leads to muscular weakness, progressively impairing motor functions and ultimately resulting in respiratory failure. The clinical, genetic, and pathological heterogeneity of ALS, combined with the absence of reliable biomarkers, significantly challenge the efficacy of therapeutic trials. Despite these hurdles, neuroimaging, and particularly spinal cord imaging, has emerged as a promising tool. It provides insights into the involvement of both upper and lower motor neurons. Quantitative spinal imaging has the potential to facilitate early diagnosis, enable accurate monitoring of disease progression, and refine the design of clinical trials. In this review, we explore the utility of spinal cord imaging within the broader context of developing spinal imaging biomarkers in ALS. We focus on a both diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in ALS, highlighting its pivotal role in elucidating the disease's underlying pathology. We also discuss the existing limitations and future avenues for research, aiming to bridge the translational gap between academic research and its application in clinical practice and therapeutic trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adding corticosteroids to galcanezumab in medication overuse headache: A three-arm head-to-head prospective observational cohort study.","authors":"S Braca, R De Simone, A Stornaiuolo, G Cretella, A Miele, C V Russo","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a condition where pain relief medications cause chronic headaches due to excessive use. Recent advancements highlight the effectiveness of preventive treatments like anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies. Current strategies combine medication withdrawal and preventive treatments, with corticosteroids traditionally used to ease withdrawal symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective three-arm observational cohort study comparing the effectiveness and safety of galcanezumab alone, galcanezumab plus prednisone and prednisone alone for the treatment of MOH. We enrolled 75 patients. Prednisone was administered at an initial dose of 50mg daily, and then tapered off over 28days. Duration of follow-up was 3months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All treatments proved effective (P<0.001). We found a significant reduction of mean monthly days with headache in the galcanezumab plus prednisone group (baseline: 25, IQR: 20-30; after 3months: 7, IQR: 5-10), in the galcanezumab group (baseline: 25, IQR: 20-30; after 3months: 10, IQR: 5-14) and in the Prednisone group (baseline: 25, IQR: 20-28; after 3months: median: 15 days, IQR: 8-22days). Patients treated with prednisone reported a higher incidence of side effects (P=0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study indicates that both galcanezumab and prednisone decrease the frequency of headaches in patients with MOH. The combined usage of these treatments showed the highest reduction in mean monthly headache days. However, treatment with prednisone determined a significant rate of adverse events, therefore we suggest its use only in unresponsive patients. In all other patients galcanezumab appears to be a safe and effective option.</p>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immunology underlying CNS autoantibody diseases","authors":"J. Cleaver ,&nbsp;B. Ceronie ,&nbsp;C. Strippel ,&nbsp;A. Handel ,&nbsp;S.R. Irani","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The past two decades have seen a considerable paradigm shift in the way autoimmune CNS disorders are considered, diagnosed, and treated; largely due to the discovery of novel autoantibodies directed at neuroglial surface or intracellular targets. This approach has enabled multiple <em>bona fide</em> CNS autoantibody-associated diseases to thoroughly infiltrate the sphere of clinical neurology, facilitating advances in patient outcomes. This review focusses on the fundamental immunological concepts behind CNS autoantibody-associated diseases. First, we briefly review the broad phenotypic profiles of these conditions. Next, we explore concepts around immune checkpoints and the related B cell lineage. Thirdly, the sources of autoantibody production are discussed alongside triggers of tolerance failure, including neoplasms, infections and iatrogenic therapies. Penultimately, the role of T cells and leucocyte trafficking into the CNS are reviewed. Finally, biological insights from responses to targeted immunotherapies in different CNS autoantibody-associated diseases are summarised. The continued and rapid expansion of the CNS autoantibody-associated field holds promise for further improved diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms, ultimately leading to further improvements in patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 9","pages":"Pages 916-930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the future of autoimmune encephalitides","authors":"M. Guasp ,&nbsp;J. Dalmau","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concept that many neurologic and psychiatric disorders of unknown cause are immune-mediated has evolved fast during the past 20 years. The main contribution to the expansion of this field has been the discovery of antibodies that attack neuronal or glial cell-surface proteins or receptors, directly modifying their structure and function. These antibodies facilitate the diagnosis and prompt treatment of patients who often improve with immunotherapy. The identification of this group of diseases, collectively named “autoimmune encephalitides”, was preceded by many years of investigations on other autoimmune CNS disorders in which the antibodies are against intracellular proteins, occur more frequently with cancer, and associate with cytotoxic T-cell responses that are less responsive to immunotherapy. Here, we first trace the recent history of the autoimmune encephalitides and address how to assess the clinical value and implement in our practice the rapid pace of autoantibody discovery. In addition, we review recent developments in the post-acute stage of the two main autoimmune encephalitides (NMDAR and LGI1) focusing on symptoms that are frequently overlooked or missed, and therefore undertreated. Because a better understanding of the pathophysiology of these diseases relies on animal models, we examine currently available studies, recognizing the existing needs for better and all-inclusive neuro-immunobiological models. Finally, we assess the status of biomarkers of disease outcome, clinical scales, current treatment strategies, and emerging therapies including CAR T-cell technology. Altogether, this overview is intended to identify gaps of knowledge and provide suggestions for improvement and insights for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 9","pages":"Pages 862-875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soluble biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related encephalitis: A mini-review","authors":"A. Farina ,&nbsp;M. Villagrán-García ,&nbsp;B. Joubert","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune checkpoint inhibitors lead to effective antitumour responses but also to immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which affect the nervous system in 1–5% of patients. Encephalitis is the most frequent central nervous system irAE and is clinically relevant due to its high severity and mortality. Early diagnosis is crucial but is hampered by the broad list of alternative diagnoses, the lack of established diagnostic criteria, and the need of extensive diagnostic procedures (e.g., spinal tap, brain MRI) alongside expert neurological evaluation. Additionally, the response to corticosteroids is inconsistent, and the management of corticosteroid-refractory patients remains poorly defined. This mini-review discusses the role of various soluble biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognostication, and management of ICI-encephalitis. Neural antibodies, which are well-established biomarkers of autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis, are found in only a subset of ICI-encephalitis, in which they can aid to establish the diagnosis. The most prevalent are paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS)-associated antibodies, which are found almost exclusively in focal ICI-encephalitis syndromes and are associated with poor outcomes, possibly due to predominantly cytotoxic T cell involvement leading to irreversible neuronal loss. Beside antibodies, serum brain injury biomarkers such as NfL and S100B are elevated in ICI-encephalitis and, even if non-specific, may be useful as a routine test to quickly identify patients in whom neurological evaluation and second-level diagnostic procedures should be prioritized. Additionally, higher serum and CSF NfL levels have been associated with lack of treatment response in ICI-encephalitis, suggesting they may have a prognostic role. Among cytokines, elevated interleukin 6 (IL6) levels have been observed in serum and/or CSF samples of some patients with ICI-encephalitis, but the role of IL6 as a biomarker for response to IL6-directed therapies requires further investigation. Likewise, the value of other biomarkers, including T cells markers and HLA haplotypes, still needs to be evaluated in large cohorts. Overall, neural antibodies are important diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in ICI-encephalitis, and other soluble biomarkers, especially NfL, deserve further investigation since they have a promising application in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 9","pages":"Pages 982-988"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibodies in immune-mediated peripheral neuropathies. Where are we in 2024?","authors":"J.-C. Antoine","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past 30 years, about 20 antibodies have been identified in immune-mediated neuropathies, recognizing membrane or intracellular proteins or glycolipids of neuron and Schwann cells. This article reviews the different methods used for their detection, what we know about their pathogenic role, how they have helped identify several disorders, and how they are essential for diagnosis. Despite sustained efforts, some immune-mediated disorders still lack identified autoantibodies, notably the classical form of Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. The reasons for this are discussed. The article also tries to determine potential future developments in antibody research, particularly the use of omic approaches and the search for other types of biomarkers beyond diagnostic ones, such as those that can identify patients who will respond to a given treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 9","pages":"Pages 876-887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}