Revue neurologique最新文献

{"title":"Climate-related challenges to brain health: A European perspective review","authors":"J. Reis ,&nbsp;A. Buguet ,&nbsp;Z. Tulek ,&nbsp;A.-M. Landtblom ,&nbsp;M.W. Radomski ,&nbsp;Ş. Öztürk ,&nbsp;M. Pugliatti ,&nbsp;U. Kallweit ,&nbsp;P.S. Spencer","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we provide a brief overview on the assessment of the numerous effects of climate change on human health, with particular emphasis on brain health. After reviewing the epidemiological data concerning neuro-psychiatric mortality and morbidity, we will examine the known effects of global warming in a European context. We will consider respectively, neurological diseases (epilepsy, migraine, stroke, sleep, neurodegenerative and neuroinfectious disorders), neurological involvement of climate-change induced health conditions, neuro-psychological aspects (post-traumatic stress and sleep disorders, eco-anxiety) and emerging risks for the brain (toxins and infections). We suggest some underlying mechanisms impacting the brain health. Given the paucity of available data, we call for increased research attention to the adverse effects of climate change. This perspective is intended to support a higher degree of preparedness, the development of improved preventive measures, and the promotion of targeted education for health professionals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"181 8","pages":"Pages 713-724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors predicting seizure control and delivery outcomes in women with epilepsy with planned and unplanned pregnancy","authors":"S. Melikova ,&nbsp;A. Mammadbayli ,&nbsp;A. Guekht","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine and ascertain factors influencing seizure control and maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with epilepsy (WWE) with planned versus unplanned pregnancies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred twelve pregnant WWE were prospectively evaluated for over an eight-year period. Patients were subsequently evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months after delivery and then were followed up by a neurologist at least three years after delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proportion of the patients with increased seizure frequency was higher in focal epilepsy versus generalized epilepsy (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). The occurrence of seizures during pregnancy was associated with poor seizure control one year prior to the pregnancy and nonadherence to treatment (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.0001). Structural brain abnormalities were associated with a higher risk of seizures during pregnancy (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.03). Women with seizures during pregnancy (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0069) and with non-adherence to antiseizure medication (ASM) treatment had a higher rate of cesarean section (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0069 and <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05, respectively). The rates of adverse delivery outcomes were not higher in women with planned pregnancies compared to women with unplanned pregnancies. However, offspring of mothers with unplanned pregnancies and nonadherence to treatment were at higher risk of an Apgar score at 5<!--> <!-->minutes<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->7 compared with infants of planned pregnancies (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.02 and <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0001, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Seizure control prior to pregnancy, epilepsy type, adherence to ASM therapy, and pregnancy planning are potential factors influencing both seizure control and delivery outcomes in WWE. Our findings imply that systematic preconception counseling is crucial to preventing seizure deterioration in pregnancy and reducing the maternal and fetal complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"181 8","pages":"Pages 790-800"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presymptomatic multiple sclerosis: Insights from the Radiologically Isolated Syndrome.","authors":"C Lebrun-Frenay, M Cohen, D T Okuda","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) represents the initial phase of multiple sclerosis (MS) and is identified incidentally in asymptomatic individuals who display typical brain or spinal cord lesions indicative of autoimmune inflammatory demyelination. The 2023 RIS criteria enhance diagnostic precision against imaging mimics by requiring one T2-weighted hyperintense lesion in two of four specified locations (periventricular, juxtacortical/cortical, infratentorial, spinal cord) alongside at least two of the following: a spinal cord lesion, CSF-restricted oligoclonal bands (OCB), or a new T2/gadolinium-enhancing lesion on MRI at any point, defining dissemination in time (DIT). After confirming the diagnosis, established risk factors for transition to clinical MS need to be assessed. Key factors include a younger age, male sex, the presence of infratentorial, spinal cord, or gadolinium-enhancing lesions, and CSF-restricted OCBs or increased kappa-free light chains. Two randomized trials showed the efficacy of two oral disease-modifying therapies in delaying the first clinical event in RIS. However, as some individuals remain asymptomatic, it's crucial to identify suitable candidates to balance treatment benefits with potential risks. Reviewing each RIS case with an MS expert team is advisable for better care and monitoring. The updated 2024 McDonald criteria classify RIS patients with additional features, such as positive CSF and susceptibility MRI biomarkers, as having preclinical MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperoxemia and its impact on in-hospital mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage patients: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"C. Tian ,&nbsp;H. Zhou ,&nbsp;M. Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aims to explore the relationship between arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) and in-hospital mortality in patients admitted for the first time with intracerebral hemorrhage, with emphasis on the effect of hyperoxia on mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We screened the MIMIC IV database for 1985 patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted for the first time between 2008 and 2019. Exclusions included cases with duplicate records, patients with tumors, aneurysms, traumatic cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage due to blood disorders, and cases missing PaO₂ values — 828 patients for final analysis. Based on PaO₂ levels within 24<!--> <!-->hours of admission, patients were divided into three groups: high (&gt;<!--> <!-->150<!--> <!-->mmHg), medium (100–150<!--> <!-->mmHg), and low (&lt;<!--> <!-->100<!--> <!-->mmHg). A logistic mixed-effects regression model was used to analyze the relationship between PaO₂ and hospital mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall mortality rate during hospitalization was 37.1%. After adjusting for confounding factors, the mortality risk ratio (OR) of the low PaO₂ group and high PaO₂ group were 1.78 (95%CI: 1.04–3.03, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.034) and 2.09 (95%CI: 1.28–3.42, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.003), respectively. However, no significant associations were found between PaO₂levels and 28-, 60-, or 90-day mortality. Subgroup analysis showed an interaction between in-hospital mortality and PaO₂ level in patients with chronic lung disease (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002). Sensitivity analysis showed that the relationship still existed after excluding extreme PaO₂ values.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Elevated arterial oxygen tension within the first 24<!--> <!-->hours of admission was independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"181 8","pages":"Pages 748-758"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of age and sex on presymptomatic phases of neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"B Zeydan, K Kantarci","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's dementia (AD) demonstrate an ever-evolving disease continuum. The presymptomatic phase of neurodegenerative diseases provides a window of opportunity to detect disease-specific changes and abnormalities early on and potentially intervene right away, before clinical symptoms occur. Age and sex are key modifiers of the presymptomatic phase of neurodegenerative diseases. In presymptomatic MS, younger age and male sex are main risk factors for transition to symptomatic MS, whereas older age and male sex are important predictors of the direct transition from presmyptomatic MS to primary progressive MS. In cognitively unimpaired adults, age is the strongest risk factor for AD and the lifetime AD risk after>65 years is higher in women versus men. The prevalence and future disease severity of AD is further modified by factors such as apolipoprotein Eɛ4, ovarian hormones, and menopause in women. Biomarkers are instrumental in detecting and monitoring abnormalities and underlying disease mechanisms in vivo, that are already present in the presymptomatic phase. Evaluating the influence of age and sex on presymptomatic phase of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly through biomarkers, contributes to the enhanced patient selection for clinical trials, optimization and individualization of patient management and development of new therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homozygous DNAJB4 deletion revealing myopathy with acute respiratory failure","authors":"D.M. Chitimus ,&nbsp;C. Adam ,&nbsp;C. Cauquil ,&nbsp;B. Keren ,&nbsp;N. Heming ,&nbsp;S. Amthor ,&nbsp;D. Annane ,&nbsp;G. Nicolas ,&nbsp;P. Laforêt ,&nbsp;C. Métay ,&nbsp;C. Lefeuvre","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Homozygous mutations in the <em>DNAJB4</em> (NM_007034) gene impair HSP40 function, leading to early respiratory failure due to diaphragm involvement and rigid-spine-like characteristics. We describe the case of a 23-year-old male patient who was admitted for acute respiratory failure and motor deficit of the distal upper limbs. Creatine kinase values were elevated (10x upper normal limit), while the pulmonary function tests showed restrictive respiratory syndrome (forced vital capacity at 20% of theoretical values). The deltoid muscle biopsy findings were consistent with myofibrillar myopathy. Genetic analysis by NGS panel sequencing identified a homozygous deletion c.(?_1)_(1014_?)del, p.? (HGVS nomenclature) of the entire <em>DNAJB4</em> gene, confirmed by qPCR. Both healthy parents exhibited the variant at the heterozygous state. Our results demonstrate that homozygous c.(?1)(1014_?)del, p.? deletion in <em>DNAJB4</em> leads to a hereditary myopathy, further underscoring the gene's crucial role in muscle maintenance and function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"181 8","pages":"Pages 759-764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Literature review: CAR T-cell therapy as a promising immunotherapeutic approach for medulloblastoma","authors":"C. Eksteen ,&nbsp;J. Riedemann ,&nbsp;H. Johnson ,&nbsp;A.-M. Engelbrecht","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medulloblastoma (MB) accounts for approximately 20–25% of all childhood brain tumours and 63% of intracranial embryonic tumours, with an annual incidence of around 5 cases per million in the paediatric population. This high-grade neuroepithelial tumour of the posterior fossa can develop at any age during childhood, adolescence and even adulthood, often spreading via cerebrospinal fluid. While most MB cases are sporadic, they can be associated with genetic predisposition syndromes. Although these genetic mutations present potential therapeutic targets, the limited number of mutations and few existing therapies aimed at these neoantigens pose significant challenges. Despite aggressive multimodal treatment approaches, approximately 30% of patients ultimately succumb to MB, and survivors frequently face long-term side effects that severely impact their quality of life. MB harbours unique molecular factors, necessitating careful consideration of therapeutic targets such as the blood-brain barrier, tumour microenvironment, and the differing responses of cancer stem cells versus bulk tumour tissue. Conventional treatment typically involves maximal safe resection, risk-adapted chemotherapy, and/or radiation craniospinal irradiation. While there is general agreement on the benefits of chemotherapy for MB patients, adverse side effects remain prevalent, underscoring the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Given the heterogeneous nature of MBs and the lack of salvage treatment, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising novel treatment avenue. This personalized approach aims to enhance specificity and potentially reduce side effects. Among these innovative methods, adoptive cell therapy, particularly chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy, shows great promise. This review will explore the potential of CAR T-cell therapies in targeting MB, building on their successful application in other solid tumours.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"181 8","pages":"Pages 703-712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological damage from recreational nitrous oxide use: Two distinct electroclinical profiles in a retrospective cohort","authors":"F. Boulin ,&nbsp;A.-L. Bédat-Millet ,&nbsp;A. Didier-Laurent ,&nbsp;F. Louillet ,&nbsp;G. Quesney ,&nbsp;B. Hébant ,&nbsp;B. Sudrié-Arnaud ,&nbsp;D. Maltête ,&nbsp;M.L. Welter ,&nbsp;L. Guyant-Maréchal ,&nbsp;L. Zourdani","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recreational nitrous oxide (N₂O) use is increasingly recognized as a cause of serious neurological disorders, particularly among young individuals. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to describe the clinical, biological, and electrophysiological features of 41 patients with neurological impairments linked to recreational N₂O use. Most patients presented myeloneuropathy and motor-dominant, length-dependent, axonal neuropathy involving the lower limbs. Notably, two distinct electroclinical patterns emerged from nerve conduction studies and electromyography: a predominant sensorimotor axonal neuropathy (78.4% of cases) and a pure motor neuropathy (13.5%), both primarily involving the lower limbs. Despite normal serum B12 levels in most cases, elevated homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels confirmed a functional vitamin B12 deficiency. These findings highlight the characteristic electrophysiological profiles associated with recreational N₂O use and underscore the importance of early detection and targeted management to prevent long-term disability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"181 8","pages":"Pages 742-747"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of choroidal thickness changes in patients with migraine using optical coherence tomography","authors":"M. Rekik ,&nbsp;Y. Walha ,&nbsp;K.S. Moalla ,&nbsp;S. Kammoun ,&nbsp;C. Mhiri ,&nbsp;M. Dammak ,&nbsp;A. Trigui","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has enabled the study of ocular impairments associated with certain neurological pathologies, such as migraine. This common condition represents a risk factor for ocular ischemic complications. We investigated changes in choroidal thickness (CT) in migraine patients with and without aura (MWA and MWoA respectively) compared to healthy controls using OCT and identified factors influencing the occurrence of these anomalies in migraine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional case-control study including migraine patients and control subjects. All patients and controls underwent a complete ophthalmological examination and CT measurements using a spectral domain-OCT device (DRI OCT Triton; Topcon Corp, Japan). The duration of migraine, the frequency and duration of migraine attacks, the migraine disability assessment (MIDAS) and migraine severity scale (MIGSEV) questionnaire scores were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One hundred and twenty eyes from 60 patients (60 eyes in the MWoA group and 60 eyes in the MWA group) were included. The control group included 30 age- and gender-matched healthy participants (60 eyes). OCT revealed that CT was significantly reduced in MWoA and MWA groups compared with the control group and in the MWA group compared to MWoA group. The duration of migraine and attacks as well as the disease severity were correlated with CT. Multiregression analysis showed that disease severity was the main determinant of CT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study highlights the significant impact of both types of migraine on choroidal structure. OCT proves to be promising in understanding migraine pathophysiology and potentially serves as a valuable biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"181 7","pages":"Pages 638-643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can a virtual reality tool detect minor executive functions impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis?","authors":"R. Delsanti ,&nbsp;E. Le Mercier ,&nbsp;A. Briant ,&nbsp;N. Derache ,&nbsp;C. Arnaud ,&nbsp;P. Branger ,&nbsp;G. Defer","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Traditional neuropsychological tests do not always identify executive disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), despite their complaints. Many studies suggest that virtual reality (VR) may be useful to evaluate cognitive functions as close as possible to patients’ daily activities. We investigated the validity of a VR tool in the assessment of executive impairment in MS patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 30 matched healthy controls performed a shopping task using the Virtual Action Planning-Supermarket (VAP-S) which simulates a supermarket environment (main measures: total test duration, distance traveled, incorrect actions, number of stops, duration of stops and time to pay) with a familiarization phase followed by a test phase. In addition, neuropsychological tests assessing executive functions were proposed. Inter-group comparisons were conducted using adapted statistical tests and correlation analyses between the VAP-S and the traditional tests results were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant difference was observed between the two groups in traditional tests. However, during the VAP-S familiarization phase, RRMS patients performed worse than controls, showing differences in distance traveled (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.042), total test duration (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.021) and number of stops (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.034). In the VAP-S test phase, no difference was found. Correlations were observed between some of the VAP-S scores and traditional tests results in both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A VR tool appears to be more effective than traditional tests in detecting mild executive difficulties in MS patients. We noticed a learning effect during the test phase, suggesting that VR could support cognitive rehabilitation and improve daily living.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"181 7","pages":"Pages 681-690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144708599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}