Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria最新文献

{"title":"Influence of TMX2-CTNND1 polymorphism on cortical thickness in schizophrenia patients and unaffected siblings: an exploratory study based on target region sequencing.","authors":"Wenjian Tan, Yixin Cheng, Danqing Huang, Dayi Liu, Jiamei Zhang, Jinyue Li, Zhening Liu, Yunzhi Pan","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3322","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The advancement of neuroimaging and genetic research has revealed the presence of morphological abnormalities and numerous risk genes, along with their associations. We aimed to estimate magnetic resonance imaging-derived cortical thickness across multiple brain regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cortical thickness of 129 schizophrenia patients, 42 of their unaffected siblings, and 112 healthy controls was measured and the candidate genes were sequenced. Comparisons were made of cortical thickness (including 68 regions of the Desikan-Killiany Atlas) and genetic variants (in 108 risk genes for schizophrenia) among the three groups, and correlation analyses were performed regarding cortical thickness, clinical symptoms, cognitive tests (such as the N-back task and the logical memory test), and genetic variants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Schizophrenia patients had significantly thinner bilateral frontal, temporal, and parietal gyri than healthy controls and unaffected siblings. Association analyses in target genes showed that four single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were significantly associated with schizophrenia, including thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2-catenin, cadherin-associated protein, delta 1 (SNV20673) (positive false discovery rate [PFDR] = 0.008) and centromere protein M (rs35542507, rs41277477, rs73165153) (PFDR = 0.030). Additionally, cortical thickness in the right pars triangularis was lower in carriers of the SNV20673 variant than in non-carriers (PFDR = 0.048). Finally, a positive correlation was found between right pars triangularis cortical thickness and logical memory in schizophrenia patients (r = 0.199, p = 0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified regional morphological abnormalities in schizophrenia, including the right homologue of Broca's area, which was associated with a risk variant that affected delta-1 catenin and logical memory. These findings suggest a potential association between candidate gene loci, cortical thickness, and schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health of Brazilian physicians: a nationwide crosssectional study to investigate factors associated with the prevalence of suicide plans and attempts.","authors":"Leonardo Servio Luz, Alex Jones Flores Cassenote, Emanuelle Pessa Valente, Ilaria Mariani, Marzia Lazzerini, Carlos Vital Tavares Corrêa Lima, Donizetti Dimer Giamberardino, Edmilson de Freitas Marques, Hermann Alexandre Vivacqua von Tiesenhausen, Hideraldo Luis Souza Cabeça, Lia Cruz Vaz da Costa Damásio, Milton Aparecido de Souza, Paulo Henrique de Souza, Rosylane Nascimento das Mercês Rocha, Vera Lucia Zaher-Rutheford, Mauro Luiz de Britto Ribeiro, Antônio Geraldo da Silva, José Hiran da Silva Gallo","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3393","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report on suicide plans and attempts among Brazilian physicians and to investigate the associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2018 to January 2019, a nationwide online survey was conducted among Brazilian physicians using the Tool for Assessment of Suicide Risk and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Multivariate exploratory associations of demographic, psychological, and work-related factors were performed on reports of suicide plans and attempts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4,148 participants, 1,946 (53.5%) were male, 2,527 (60.9%) were 30 to 60 years old, 2,675 (64.5%) had two to four jobs, and 1,725 (41.6%) worked 40 to 60 hours a week. The overall prevalence of suicide plans was 8.8% (n=364), and suicide attempts were reported by 3.2% (n=133) of participants. Daily emotional exhaustion (ORadj = 7.857; 95%CI 2.282-27.051, p = 0.002), weekly emotional exhaustion (ORadj = 7.953; 95%CI 2.403-26.324, p = 0.001), daily frustration at work (ORadj = 3.093; 95%CI 1.711-5.588, p < 0.001), and bisexuality (ORadj = 5.083; 95%CI 2.544-10.158, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher odds of suicide. Extremely dissatisfied physicians reported suicide plans and attempts in 38.3% of cases, whereas extremely satisfied physicians reported suicide plans and attempts in only 2.8% of cases (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Brazilian physicians with a history of suicide plans and attempts express emotional exhaustion and frustration at work. There is an urgent need for actions to promote professional safeguards and resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139898193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trials of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Chia-Min Chen, Shun-Chin Liang, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Kuo-Chuan Hung","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3428","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Randomized sham-controlled trials were identified in major databases from January 1990 to January 2023. The primary outcome was overall improvement in ADHD symptoms. Subgroup analysis focused on the efficacy of rTMS in different brain regions. Secondary outcomes were the association of rTMS with improvement in different ADHD symptoms. Outcomes were expressed as effect size based on standardized mean difference (SMD)(continuous data), and ORs with 95%CI (categorical data).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A meta-analysis of six randomized sham-controlled trials involving 169 participants demonstrated no difference in overall ADHD symptoms between those treated with rTMS and sham controls (SMD = -0.24, p = 0.17). Subgroup analysis revealed that rTMS was more efficacious than sham treatment when targeting the right prefrontal cortex (SMD = -0.49, p = 0.03) but not the left prefrontal cortex (SMD = 0.01, p = 0.67). rTMS treatment was correlated with greater improvement in inattention (SMD = -0.76, p = 0.0002), but not hyperactivity (p = 0.86), impulsivity (p = 0.41), or depression symptoms (p = 0.95). The apparently higher risk of dropout in the rTMS group than the sham control group was not statistically significant (OR = 1.65, p = 0.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review found that rTMS only had therapeutic efficacy for ADHD symptoms (particularly inattention) when targeting the right prefrontal cortex. Further large-scale randomized sham-controlled trials are required to verify our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive symptoms and self-rated health among Brazilian older adults: baseline data from the ELSI-Brazil study.","authors":"Natalia T Ito, Déborah Oliveira, Fabricio M S Rodrigues, Erico Castro-Costa, Maria F Lima-Costa, Cleusa P Ferri","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3331","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether having a higher number of depressive symptoms is associated with negative self-rated health (SRH) even in the absence of illness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary analysis of baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), conducted in 2015-2016, using a national sample of 9,412 people aged 50 or over. SRH was dichotomized into poor or very poor and very good or excellent, good, or average. Depressive symptoms were assessed through the eight-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D8). Sociodemographic variables, information about unhealthy behaviors, and the number of chronic conditions were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Having depressive symptoms was strongly associated with poor or very poor SRH both in the unadjusted and adjusted analyses. The magnitude of the association was reduced when the number of chronic illnesses was included in the multivariate analysis, along with the other sociodemographic variables and unhealthy behaviors (OR 1.35, 95%CI 1.31-1.39).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Having depressive symptoms may contribute towards having a poorer perception of health, even in the absence of health conditions. SRH is a multidimensional construct that can accurately reflect a person's state of general mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floods in southern Brazil: the urgent need for mental health support in the context of climatic disasters.","authors":"Thiago Henrique Roza, Daniel Prates-Baldez, Debora da Silva Noal, Beatriz Schmidt, Ana Cecilia Andrade de Moraes Weintraub, Laiana Azevedo Quagliato, Antonio Egídio Nardi, Flavio Kapczinski","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3845","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20243845"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Mozambique: an epidemiological investigation in a primary school sample.","authors":"Helena Mutede Cutótua Daniel, Igor Duarte, Arthur Caye, Antonio Suleman, Wilza Fumo, Luis Augusto Rohde","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3343","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), comorbidity rates with disruptive behavior disorders and main negative outcomes in primary school students in Nampula, Mozambique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected a random sample of 748 students for ADHD screening from a population of around 43,000 primary school students. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale version IV was applied to both parents and teachers. All students who screened positive (n=76) and a propensity score-matched random subset of students who screened negative (n=76) were assessed by a child psychiatrist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ADHD was estimated at 13.4% (95%CI 11.5-19.2), and 30.6% of those with ADHD presented comorbid disruptive behavior disorders. Students with ADHD (n=36) had significantly higher rates of both substance use (alcohol, marijuana) (p < 0.001), and school failures than controls (n=96; p < 0.001). Comorbidity between ADHD and disruptive behavior disorders increased the chance of substance use (p < 0.001). Secondary analyses with more restrictive ADHD diagnostic criteria revealed a lower prevalence rate (6.7%; 95%CI 5.2-12.9) with similar patterns of associated factors and negative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrated that ADHD is a prevalent mental disorder in Mozambique, and it is associated with similar comorbid profiles, predisposing factors, and negative outcomes, as in other cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139513536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the symptomatology and routine of medicated patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Natália B Almeida, Maria Paula Maziero, Tais Tanamatis, Danel Lucas da Conceição Costa, Roseli G Shavitt, Marcelo Q Hoexter, Marcelo C Batistuzzo","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3333","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on the routine of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and changes in symptoms and suicidal-related behavior, mainly in those with cleaning symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 58 patients completed an online self-report questionnaire that included the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised, Coronavirus Stress and Traumatic Events Scale, Coronavirus Health Impact Survey, Beck Anxiety and Beck Depression inventories, and Suicide-Related Behaviors Questionnaire. Comparisons were made with another pre-pandemic sample (n=524) regarding the last three measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the pandemic, the patients spent more days inside their homes (χ² = 33.39, p = 0.007), changed their alcohol consumption patterns (χ² = 87.6, p < 0.001), and increased social media usage (χ² = 68.83, p < 0.001). Participants with cleaning symptoms did not significantly differ from the others in relation to stress, anxiety/depressive symptoms, or suicidal-related behaviors. Finally, our sample did not differ from an equivalent OCD sample assessed before the pandemic in terms of anxiety and depressive symptom severity or suicidal-related behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, patients with OCD showed no lifestyle changes associated with higher stress levels during the pandemic. Patients with and without cleaning symptoms and patients before and during the pandemic presented similar results.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the gap: culturally sensitive approaches to Middle Eastern mental health.","authors":"Stephanie Zakhour, Aline Sardinha, Michelle N Levitan, Antonio E Nardi, Mayssa El Husseini","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3484","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3484","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11474455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide Crisis Inventory-2: factor structure, internal consistency, and validity in a Brazilian sample.","authors":"Jefté Peper-Nascimento, Megan L Rogers, Jenelle A Richards, Alexandre Paim Diaz, Luciane B Ceretta, Gabriela S Keller, João Quevedo, Igor Galynker, Samira S Valvassori","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3366","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Brazilian version of the Suicide Crisis Inventory-2 (SCI-2) among Brazilian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SCI-2 was cross-culturally adapted into Portuguese and administered to 2,265 Brazilian participants. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, and criterion validity by using measures such as suicidal narratives, stressful life events, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The revised one-factor model of the SCI-2 demonstrated an adequate, although not optimal, model fit (?2[1539] = 31,442.79, p < 0.001, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.99, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.09, standardized root mean residual [SRMR] = 0.05). The revised five-factor model, on the other hand, demonstrated good fit (?2[1529] = 14,174.86, p < 0.001, CFI = 1.00, TLI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0.04). Comparison of these two models indicated that the five-factor model had a better fit than the one-factor model. Both the total and subscale scores of the SCI-2 showed strong internal consistency and good convergent and criterion validity in relation to stressful life events, suicidal narratives (excluding the goal disengagement subscale), suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that the Brazilian version of the SCI-2 is a valid tool for assessing symptoms of suicidal crisis syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of psychiatry in areas affected by natural disasters.","authors":"César Augusto Trinta Weber, Antônio Geraldo da Silva","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3752","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3752","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20243752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141420666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}