Daniela Fernandes Ramos, Gilda Guimarães Leitão, Fernanda das Neves Costa, Lisandra Ferreira de Abreu, J. V. Villarreal, Suzana G. Leitão, Salvador Said Fernández, P. Silva
{"title":"Análise da atividade antimicobacteriana de 36 extratos vegetais da Mata Atlântica brasileira","authors":"Daniela Fernandes Ramos, Gilda Guimarães Leitão, Fernanda das Neves Costa, Lisandra Ferreira de Abreu, J. V. Villarreal, Suzana G. Leitão, Salvador Said Fernández, P. Silva","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000400013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000400013","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty-six plant extracts from the brazilian Atlantic Forest were tested for their antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and M. kansasii, using the method REMA in seriate concentrations of 100 to 0.20 µg/mL. Among the thirty six extracts tested, five were active against M. tuberculosis, and three of these extracts also showed activity against M. kansasii. Cytotoxicity test with VERO cells was performed with the five extracts active against M. tuberculosis. Only the extract of Peschiera affinis was identified as non-toxic in the concentration of 100µg/mL.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"23 1","pages":"669-674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81887206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estudos de mucoadesão no trato gastrointestinal para o aumento da biodisponibilidade oral de fármacos","authors":"F. Varum, A. Basit, J. Sousa, F. Veiga","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000400002","url":null,"abstract":"The oral bioavailability of many drugs can be limited by the residence time of pharmaceutical dosage forms in the gastrointestinal tract. Mucoadhesion has been proposed as a method to increase residence time at a specific area, hence increasing the therapeutic effect of drugs. Most research efforts on mucoadhesion have focused on the stomach and small intestine, with promising results observed from in in vitro studies. However, γ-scintigraphy data obtained in human studies have revealed the lack of success of mucoadhesion approaches in order to increase the contact time of formulations in the upper gut. The lack of in vitro/in vivo correlation can be attributed to the complex nature of the human gastrointestinal tract, with most in vitro models providing little resemblance to the in vivo situation, such as motility, pH, mucus thickness and mucus turnover, presence of enzymes and food. In the colon, the mucus turnover, the sensibility to mucus secretory stimulus and motility are lower than in the stomach and small intestine. Therefore, colonic mucoadhesion may be a more successful approach. Nevertheless, more studies in animals and humans are needed to evaluate its potential, as well as, pharmacokinetic studies to investigate drug release and absorption from mucoadhesive systems.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"24 1","pages":"535-548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88752793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Lucilia Motinha Zamuner, Regina Celli Espires Carrion, J. F. Magalhães
{"title":"Determinação espectrofotométrica do bromidrato de fenoterol em preparações farmacêuticas","authors":"Maria Lucilia Motinha Zamuner, Regina Celli Espires Carrion, J. F. Magalhães","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000400011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000400011","url":null,"abstract":"Um metodo espectrofotometrico simples foi desenvolvido para a determinacao do bromidrato de fenoterol (BF) em comprimidos, gotas e xarope, como principio ativo unico e associado ao ibuprofeno. O metodo se baseia na reacao de acoplamento oxidativo do BF com o 3-metil-2-benzotiazolinona hidrazona (MBTH), na presenca de sulfato cerico, como agente oxidante. A mistura de BF, MBTH e sulfato cerico, em meio acido, produz um composto colorido (vermelho castanho) com maximo de absorcao a 475 nm. A curva de calibracao foi linear num intervalo de concentracao de 3,0 a 12,0 µg/mL, com coeficiente de correlacao linear de 0,9998. Os parâmetros experimentais que afetam o desenvolvimento e a estabilidade do produto colorido foram cuidadosamente estudados e otimizados. O metodo foi aplicado em amostras comerciais e simuladas, obtendo-se coeficientes de variacao entre 0,25 % a 0,82 % e medias de recuperacao do padrao que variaram de 98 % a 102 %. O metodo proposto mostrou-se exato, preciso, linear e nao e passivel de interferencia de excipientes, para as formas farmaceuticas comprimidos e gotas. Nao houve interferencia do ibuprofeno que consta de uma das formulacoes analisadas, associado ao BF. Quanto ao xarope, houve interferencia do veiculo sugerindo reacoes de seus componentes com o MBTH.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"22 1","pages":"645-653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79080220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Clara Porfirio de Souza, M. Goulart, V. Rosado, A. M. Reis
{"title":"Estudo de utilização de medicamentos parenterais em uma unidade de internação pediátrica de um hospital universitário","authors":"Maria Clara Porfirio de Souza, M. Goulart, V. Rosado, A. M. Reis","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000400014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000400014","url":null,"abstract":"A administracao de medicamentos parenterais tem grande importância na assistencia pediatrica e no risco para aquisicao de infeccoes hospitalares. Este estudo observacional transversal visou descrever a utilizacao de medicamentos em uma unidade de internacao pediatrica. Elaborou-se um instrumento de coleta de dados, as variaveis relativas a farmacoterapia foram coletadas da prescricao medica e a analise estatistica descritiva foi realizada no SPSS. A amostra foi constituida de 75 pacientes pediatricos, sendo 56,0 % do sexo masculino; apresentando como predominante a faixa etaria de lactentes. O tempo de internacao mais frequente foi maior que 20 dias (24,0%) seguida de 6 a 10 dias (21,3%) e menos de 3 dias (17,3%). A via parenteral foi prescrita para 56 pacientes (74,7%) e 19 (25,3%) utilizaram outras vias ou nao utilizaram medicamentos; sendo que a via parenteral endovenosa foi utilizada por 52 (92,9%) dos pacientes. O numero de medicamentos parenterais prescritos abrangeu 47 farmacos. A media do numero de medicamentos por paciente foi quatro, o que implica em exigencia de maior tempo da equipe de enfermagem em atividades relacionadas a administracao de medicamentos. O numero elevado de medicamentos prescritos desperta preocupacoes em relacao a seguranca. O farmaceutico deve estimular a conversao da via de administracao parenteral para a oral.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"41 1","pages":"675-682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81550447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. D'Ávila, Nozelmar Borges de Sousa Júnior, Fábio Borges de Sousa, Lídia Andreu Guillo
{"title":"Avaliação da produção de óxido nítrico em ratos, submetidos aos exercícios aeróbio e anaeróbio","authors":"V. D'Ávila, Nozelmar Borges de Sousa Júnior, Fábio Borges de Sousa, Lídia Andreu Guillo","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000400023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000400023","url":null,"abstract":"Nitric Oxide (NO) exerts important influences in several physiological processes. In this work we evaluated the production of sanguine NO in Wistar rats, submitted to the acute aerobic and anaerobic exercises. The formation of nitric oxide was verified through the dosage of the end products of oxidation of the metabolism of nitric oxide (nitrates). For this we used the colorimetric Griess method. We verified the existence of a significant difference (p = 0.000261) in the production of NO among the accomplishment of the aerobic swimming and the anaerobic, where the aerobic was shown more efficient in the promotion of higher levels. The acute aerobic exercise with duration of at least 10 minutes was shown more effective in the requirement production of NO in relation to the 5 minutes exercise. The positive relationship observed between the aerobic exercise and the formation of NO can help to explain the beneficial effects of the exercise in the cardiovascular health. We know that the practice of aerobic exercise and your duration increases the biodisponibility of NO, which is an important physiologic regulator of the blood pressure.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"20 1","pages":"755-761"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83931976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabiana Rodrigues de Oliveira, G. M. Lira, E. Torres, R. Soares, Simone Mendonça, K. W. B. Silva, Sarah J. G. B. Simon, Tatiana Maria Palmeira dos Santos, Cyro Rego Cabral Júnior
{"title":"Efeito do beneficiamento sobre o valor nutricional do peixe mandim (Arius spixii)","authors":"Fabiana Rodrigues de Oliveira, G. M. Lira, E. Torres, R. Soares, Simone Mendonça, K. W. B. Silva, Sarah J. G. B. Simon, Tatiana Maria Palmeira dos Santos, Cyro Rego Cabral Júnior","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000400012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000400012","url":null,"abstract":"In an attempt to analyze how processing enhances the nutritional value of the mandim fish (Arius spixii) marketed in Maceio-AL, Brazil, the following nutritional components were determined in fresh and processed (salted-dried) fish: centesimal composition, calorie count, chloride, fatty acid and cholesterol profile. The presence of cholesterol oxides was also investigated. Respective results for fresh and processed mandim fish were: moisture (70.13% and 40.31%), proteins (51.73% and 38.07%, dried), carbohyrdrates (4.67% and 2.24%, dried), calories (486 kcal/100g and 367 kcal/100g, dried), fatty acids (polyunsaturared 14,54% and 15,49%, omega-3 8,51% and 6,51%), cholesterol (82.66 mg/100g and 61.30 mg/100g) and oxides (7-ketocholesterol 8.31 µg/g and 17.90 µg/g). These figures clearly showed that processing led to significant change in the nutritional value of the mandim fish.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"29 1","pages":"655-667"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87959232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zênia Maria Maciel Lavra, Fabiane Sônego, Rosali Maria Ferreira Silva, Flávia Patrícia Morais de Medeiros
{"title":"Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico para nistatina creme vaginal por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência","authors":"Zênia Maria Maciel Lavra, Fabiane Sônego, Rosali Maria Ferreira Silva, Flávia Patrícia Morais de Medeiros","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000400010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000400010","url":null,"abstract":"Nystatin is a polyenic antibiotic with fungistatic and fungicide characteristics that acts by de-structuring the cellular membrane of fungi and yeast. The nystatin vaginal cream is used for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Until recently, the official compendia professed the microbiological trial for dosing this antibiotic, method considered as non-feasible in the routine of quality control centers due to the excessive time for release of results. Aiming at obtaining an alternative method for dosing nystatin vaginal cream, a chromatographic method (HPLC) was developed and validated. The method developed used a reversible phase column of C18, 3.9 x 150 mm, 4 mm, at 30 oC. The mobile phase was made up of a 0.25 mM sodium phosphate buffer and 0.025 mM EDTA, pH 6.00, methanol and acetonitrile (40:30:30), rate of 1.0 mL/minute and wavelength of 305 nm. The validated method showed to be accurate, precise, robust, linear and specific, in addition to being fast and practical, able to be used for analytic dosing of nystatin vaginal cream.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"07 1","pages":"637-643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85978739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aspectos atuais sobre aminocidos de cadeia ramificada e exerccio fsico","authors":"Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Júlio Tirapegui","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000400004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000400004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Current aspects of branched chainamino acid and exercise In healthy humans, nine amino acids are considered to beessential once they cannot be endogenously synthesisedand must therefore be ingested in the diet. Amongst theessential amino acids are the three branched chain aminoacids, namely, leucine, valine and isoleucine. These aminoacids participate in the regulation of protein balance inaddition to being nitrogen sources for the synthesis ofalanine and glutamine. As to the regulation of muscleprotein synthesis, leucine acts in the stimulation ofinitiation of mRNA translation into protein, both throughmechanisms that are dependent and independent ofinsulin. In the physiology of physical exercise, thesebranched amino acids play a role in central fatiguehypothesis, in muscle protein balance, in the secretion ofinsulin, in the modulation of the immune response, inperformance enhancement of individuals who work out inhot environments, and in avoiding muscle lesion. Thisreview approaches all aspects of the metabolism of andsupplementation with branched chain amino acids inphysical exercise.UNITERMS: Branched chain amino acids. Physicalexercise. Central fatigue. Immune response. Musclelesion. Protein synthesis.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83626699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maico de Menezes, Marina Salviato Balbão, M. E. Siqueira, I. Martins
{"title":"Influência do hábito de fumar na excreção urinária do ácido trans, trans-mucônico","authors":"Maico de Menezes, Marina Salviato Balbão, M. E. Siqueira, I. Martins","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000300016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000300016","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco smoking is the major individual benzene source for no occupationally exposed subjects. This solvent is a volatile carcinogen and can induce serious health problems. Several biomarkers for benzene have been proposed, the most used is its metabolite trans,trans-muconic acid (ttMA) in urine, a suitable indicator since it reflects the internal dose of low benzene exposure. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of smoking on urinary ttMA excretion. The analysis was performed by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography in a reversed-phase column and UV detection, after extraction of ttAM from urine using SAX cartridges. The method was validated, showing linearity between 0.006 to 10 µg mL-1 (r= 0.996), detection and quantification limits of 1.41 x 10-3 µg mL-1 and 6.0 x 10-3 µg mL-1 respectively, CVs from 1.79 to 2.91% (intra assay precision) and 3.53 to 18.37% (interassay precision). A significant positive correlation was observed between ttMA excretion and smoking (p= 0.005388). However, the cigarette number smoked by day seems have no influence on the urinary ttMA excretion.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"40 1","pages":"459-464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75748974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francieli Furlan Bortolon, M. E. Sato, Regina Celis da Silveira Andreazza, Tania Mari Bellé Bresolin
{"title":"Efeito de promotores na absorção percutânea in vitro do piroxicam a partir de formulações magistrais","authors":"Francieli Furlan Bortolon, M. E. Sato, Regina Celis da Silveira Andreazza, Tania Mari Bellé Bresolin","doi":"10.1590/S1516-93322008000300013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322008000300013","url":null,"abstract":"Formulacoes de piroxicam com base Lanette® (L) ou Net Fs ® (N), com ou sem promotores de absorcao (etanol-E ou propilenoglicol-P), foram desenvolvidas. O estudo de permeacao de piroxicam das formulacoes foi realizado em celula de Franz, usando pele de porco e o desempenho foi comparado com a especialidade farmaceutica. O farmaco permeado foi analisado por metodo desenvolvido por CLAE usando uma coluna analitica C18 de 15 x 0,46 cm, com fase movel metanol: tampao fosfato (60:40), comprimento de onda de 354 nm e o tempo de corrida foi de 10 min. O ensaio foi validado e apresentou limite de quantificacao de 0,138 mg/mL , linearidade na faixa de 0,02-5 µg/mL e nao ocorreu interferencia de substâncias endogenas da pele ou da formulacao. A ordem de permeacao de piroxicam, apos 24 horas, foi LE > L> Feldene® > N > LP > NP > NE. As formulacoes com L mostraram maior permeacao de piroxicam quando comparado com as formulacoes de base N. Entre os promotores, o etanol promoveu a maior permeacao do farmaco. Os resultados mostraram o desenvolvimento de formulacoes topicas economicas, de facil obtencao, com efetiva permeacao de piroxicam possibilitando a escolha de formulacoes com maior ou menor permeacao do farmaco.","PeriodicalId":21193,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Ciencias Farmaceuticas","volume":"38 1","pages":"433-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76155362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}