Reproduction最新文献

{"title":"Placental interleukin 1β signaling in canine pregnancy: differential effects during and after decidualization in vitro.","authors":"Miguel Tavares Pereira, Selim Aslan, Rita Payan-Carreira, Iris M Reichler, Karine Reynaud, Mariusz P Kowalewski","doi":"10.1530/REP-24-0470","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-24-0470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>The role of inflammation in the regulation of pregnancy remains poorly understood in dogs. Findings from this study propose the involvement of IL1β signaling during early embryo-maternal interactions in the dog, while in vitro effects suggest it may disrupt decidual cell function in the canine mature placenta.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Although implantation and parturition are associated with pro-inflammatory signals, inflammatory responses in the mature placenta frequently lead to pregnancy loss. Indeed, uterine inflammatory/infectious diseases are major causes of infertility and pregnancy loss in dogs. The pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β is increased during canine placentation and downregulated in mature placentae during healthy pregnancies but is enriched in the placenta during infectious events. Furthermore, canine pregnancy success is linked with decidual cells, the only placental cells expressing the nuclear progesterone receptor. This study assessed utero-placental abundance of IL1β receptor 1 (IL1R1) throughout canine pregnancy and possible modulatory effects of IL1β on decidualization. The mRNA levels of IL1R1 were increased in mature mid-gestation placentae and at term (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry co-localized IL1β and IL1R1 in the trophoblast during early placentation, implicating IL1β-signaling in early embryo-maternal communication. In the mature placenta, IL1R1 was localized, i.a. in decidual cells. In vitro, IL1β had low modulatory effects on PGE2- and/or P4-stimulated dog uterine stromal (DUS) cells, implying a relatively weak impact of this interleukin in the decidualization process. However, in DUS cells decidualized with cAMP, IL1β decreased transcriptional amounts of selected decidualization markers IGF1, PTGS2 and PTGES, as well as ECM1 and TIMP2 (P < 0.001). Transcriptional and protein availabilities of CX43, a gap junction component, were also decreased by IL1β (P < 0.001). These findings support a dual role for IL1β in canine pregnancy: involvement in early embryo-maternal communication during its establishment and disturbing placental homeostasis by disrupting decidual cell function in fully developed placenta.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of vitamin D (1,25-(OH)2-D3) on human theca and granulosa cell function.","authors":"Henrietta Philippa Seaward Brain, Christiana Georgiou, Helen D Mason, Suman Rice","doi":"10.1530/REP-25-0002","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-25-0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>Severely deficient levels of vitamin D (VD) affect ovarian cellular function reducing production of androstenedione and oestradiol and insulin receptor expression; although mildly deficient levels have no effect.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Numerous studies have investigated the link between VD deficiency and reproductive outcomes with contradictory results. VD regulates steroidogenic enzymes crucial for human granulosa and cumulus cell function. This study investigated whether deficient levels of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 altered ovarian cell function, and if the ovary could obtain bioactive 1,25-(OH)2-D3 via local enzymatic expression of CYP27B1 to counteract systemic deficiency. A variety of cells and tissues were used for the in vitro experiments. We have shown for the first time an increase in VDR expression in theca of large compared to small follicles, which along with the ability of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 to decrease anti-Müllerian hormone expression, supports a role for 1,25-(OH)2-D3 in theca and granulosa cell function. Conversely, very low levels of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 equivalent to hypovitaminosis inhibited thecal production of androstenedione and cAMP-driven oestradiol production. Human thecal and un-luteinised GC are incredibly hard to obtain for research purposes, highlighting the uniqueness of our dataset. We also demonstrated that deficient levels of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 downregulated insulin receptor expression, potentially reducing insulin sensitivity. We have shown that the ovary expresses CYP27B1, potentially allowing it to make local bioactive 1,25-(OH)2-D3, which along with the upregulation in VDR expression in ovarian cellular compartments could be protective locally in counteracting systemic VD deficiency. To conclude, a severely deficient VD environment (<2 nM or <1 ng/mL) could contribute to impaired ovarian cell function, and hence, potentially affect folliculogenesis/ovulation, but levels associated with mild deficiency may have less impact, apart from in the presence of hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: ORIGINS AND IMPLICATIONS: Polycystic ovary syndrome: an evolutionary metabolic adaptation.","authors":"Daniel A Dumesic, Vasantha Padmanabhan, David H Abbott","doi":"10.1530/REP-25-0021","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-25-0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome has ancient genetic origins that favored preferential abdominal fat accumulation, ovarian hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. This review examines how endocrine-metabolic changes in normal-weight hyperandrogenic PCOS women originated as an evolutionary metabolic adaptation to balance enhanced fat storage with increased glucose and fatty acid availability for optimal energy use for survival and reproduction.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy of reproductive-aged women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulation and insulin resistance in combination with preferential abdominal fat accumulation. As an ancestral primate trait, PCOS in humans likely underwent relatively recent preferential selection when scarcity of food in hunter-gatherers of the Pleistocene selected for enhanced fat storage and insulin resistance as a survival advantage to maintain glucose homeostasis for brain and reproductive function. As an evolutional model for PCOS, healthy normal-weight women with hyperandrogenic PCOS have subcutaneous (SC) abdominal adipose stem cells that favor exaggerated lipid accumulation during adipocyte development in vitro accompanied by reduced systemic insulin sensitivity and preferential accumulation of highly lipolytic intra-abdominal fat. Programmed by genetic inheritance and epigenetic events during early life, such a metabolic adaptation in PCOS, provides a balance between enhanced SC adipose fat storage and increased circulating glucose and free fatty acid availability as energy substrate for crucial target tissues. The accompanying increased muscle strength and oligo-anovulation in PCOS women of antiquity also enabled sustained energy use during endurance activities in combination with greater time as a rearing advantage for children and a lower risk of maternal mortality. Heritable PCOS characteristics that originally evolved in primates as a genetically and epigenetically enhanced metabolic adaptation to favor fat storage now predispose to lipotoxicity and pregnancy complications, calling for improved preventive healthcare, with early lifestyle and therapeutic choices to optimize the long-term health of PCOS women and their children in today's obesogenic environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irisin decreases follicle development in cattle and inhibits theca cell steroidogenesis through focal adhesion kinase signaling.","authors":"Mathilde Daudon, Christelle Ramé, Marcos H Barreta, Alfredo Q Antoniazzi, Valério M Portela, Europa Meza-Serrano, Joëlle Dupont, Christopher A Price","doi":"10.1530/REP-24-0352","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-24-0352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>Irisin is a muscle and adipose-derived hormone that is secreted in response to negative energy balance in cattle. We show here that irisin reduced follicle growth and theca cell function.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>At the onset of lactation, dairy cattle are anestrous owing mainly to a state of negative energy balance. Adipose tissue is mobilized to meet the energy demands of milk production, and this alters the secretion of adipose-derived hormones, called adipokines. Irisin is a myokine/adipokine that may play a role in fertility; plasma concentrations increase in cattle postpartum, and irisin decreased progesterone and estradiol secretion from bovine granulosa cells in vitro. To our knowledge, the effects of irisin on bovine theca cell function in vitro and on follicle growth in vivo have not been reported. We hypothesized that irisin negatively affects theca cell function in vitro and causes follicle regression in vivo using well-established bovine models. Under physiological concentrations of insulin (0.2 ng/mL), irisin did not affect glucose uptake, but decreased testosterone secretion and stimulated PTK2 and MTOR phosphorylation. Inhibiting PTK2 activity abolished the ability of irisin to decrease testosterone secretion. Injection of irisin directly into a growing follicle in vivo caused follicle regression. We conclude that irisin decreases bovine theca cell steroidogenesis through PTK2 signaling, and combined effects on theca and granulosa cells cause follicle regression.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progesterone supplementation after postovulatory mifepristone reduce changes in human endometrial gene expression.","authors":"Alejandro Tapia-Pizarro, Nicolás Santander, Abril Salinas, Andrea Torres, Denise Vega, Miguel Del Rio, Pilar Vigil","doi":"10.1530/REP-24-0372","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-24-0372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>Progesterone supplementation reverses 83% of transcript changes in the secretory endometrium induced by postovulatory mifepristone, potentially mitigating its antiprogestogenic effects.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Mifepristone (RU486) antagonizes progesterone signaling in human endometrium interfering in the secretory phenotype after estradiol priming. The objective of the present study was to determine effect in the endometrial transcript profile of progesterone supplementation after the administration of 200 mg of the antiprogestin mifepristone 48 h after the LH peak (LH+2, LH+0 = LH peak). Endometrial samples were obtained on LH+7 after vaginal administration of micronized progesterone 200 mg/day for 3 days in nine women of proven fertility, each one contributing with one cycle treated with progesterone and another with a placebo. In addition, endometrial samples were obtained in LH+7 from a subgroup of four women with no administration of mifepristone, with each one contributing with one cycle treated with vaginal progesterone supplementation or placebo as a reference. RNA-seq was used to identify transcripts significantly regulated under the administration of progesterone vs placebo with or without postovulatory mifepristone. We observed that 713 transcripts changed significantly in the endometrium under mifepristone after progesterone supplementation in group A. Of these, progesterone reversed approximately 83% of the transcripts affected by mifepristone in the secretory endometrium. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that these transcripts were enriched in genes associated with mitochondrial function, particularly oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, NR2C2 and DLX1 were identified as potential transcription factors that may mediate the effects of progesterone in the endometrium. We conclude that progesterone supplementation after postovulatory mifepristone administration can reverse the antiprogestogenic effects for most of the affected endometrial transcripts.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotinic acid protects germinal vesicle oocyte meiosis against toxicity of benzo(a)pyrene in mice and humans.","authors":"Min Gao, Yanling Qiu, Dungao Li, Shaoquan Zhan, Bohong Chen, Tianqi Cao, Junjiu Huang, Zhiyun Chen","doi":"10.1530/REP-24-0364","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-24-0364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>Low concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene in the follicular fluid of smokers disrupt oocyte maturation, leading to meiotic defects. Nicotinic acid (NA) partially rescues these defects, offering insights into potential strategies for protecting fertility.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a carcinogen present in cigarette smoke, was detected in human follicular fluid at concentrations of approximately 5 nM in smokers and 7 nM in cases of assisted reproductive failure. However, whether a low concentration of BaP affects germinal vesicle (GV) oocyte maturation remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of 5 nM BaP on GV oocyte maturation in both mice and humans. In mice, GV oocytes were treated with 5 or 50 nM BaP, while human oocytes were exposed to 5 nM BaP. Our results demonstrated that 5 or 50 nM BaP exposure significantly inhibited first polar body extrusion during oocyte maturation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that BaP treatment downregulated Sirt1 protein expression in both GV and metaphase II (MII) stage mouse oocytes. Moreover, BaP exposure induced multiple cellular abnormalities, including spindle disorganization, cortical actin cap disruption, mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage in MII oocytes. Importantly, 15 μM NA supplementation increased Sirt1 expression and significantly rescued most of the abnormal effects. Subsequently, 5 nM BaP exposure impaired meiotic progression by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and causing significant reactive oxygen species accumulation in human GV oocytes. Importantly, 15 μM NA supplementation partially rescued human GV oocytes from the toxicity of BaP during in vitro maturation (IVM). The present study indicated that a low BaP concentration in follicular fluid can significantly disrupt GV oocyte IVM, inducing meiotic defects in both mice and humans. NA has been shown to provide partial protection to GV oocyte meiosis against the toxicity of BaP during IVM.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding bull fertility in vitro: a proteomics exploration from sperm to blastocyst.","authors":"Andrea Fernández-Montoro, Emin Araftpoor, Tine De Coster, Daniel Angel-Velez, Marcel Bühler, Mohamed Hedia, Kris Gevaert, Ann Van Soom, Krishna Chaitanya Pavani, Katrien Smits","doi":"10.1530/REP-24-0296","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-24-0296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>Bulls are selected for field fertility and semen quality, but traits such as polyspermy are not considered and can increase aneuploidy during in vitro embryo production. This study links bull-specific proteomic signatures to polyspermy and embryo quality, further refining bull selection criteria.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Male fertility plays a pivotal role in the success rates of in vitro embryo production. While livestock breeding programs rigorously select bulls according to their predicted field fertility, specific traits such as polyspermy rates are not routinely evaluated. Despite the known negative impact of polyspermy on embryo survival, the paternal factors involved remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to address this gap by evaluating the in vitro outcomes of four bulls, focusing on sperm motility, fertilization rates, polyspermy incidence, embryo development and quality. In addition, we analyzed the proteome profiles of sperm, 2-4 cell stage embryos and blastocysts derived from those bulls to identify potential molecular factors associated with male fertility. Bulls with comparable sperm motility parameters displayed varying in vitro fertilization outcomes. Notably, the bull with the highest polyspermy rate achieved blastocyst rates similar to those of bulls with lower polyspermy rates. The number of apoptotic cells in the blastocysts was bull-dependent. Proteomic analysis revealed bull-specific signatures in sperm and blastocysts, with no differences at the 2-4 cell stage. Differences in the sperm proteome suggested that bull-dependent penetration and polyspermy rates might be associated with the ability of the sperm to undergo capacitation and acrosomal reaction. At the blastocyst level, the bull with the highest polyspermy rates produced lower quality blastocysts due to imbalances in key proteins and pathways for embryo development. In conclusion, bulls with similar blastocyst rates may differ in polyspermy rates and resulting embryo quality underscoring the importance of careful bull selection for in vitro embryo production.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The kisspeptin analog C6 reverses reproductive dysfunction in a mouse model of hyperprolactinemia.","authors":"Chloe Beaudou, Louise Sionneau, Didier Lomet, Vincent Robert, Peggy Jarrier Gaillard, Vincent Aucagne, Hugues Dardente, Massimiliano Beltramo, Vincent Hellier","doi":"10.1530/REP-25-0036","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-25-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>Kisspeptin has been shown to be tightly associated with hyperprolactinemia. This study shows that similar to kisspeptin, its analog C6 produces a reversal of HPRL estrus cycle and ovulation disruption.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>HPRL, characterized by elevated prolactin levels, disrupts the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to reproductive dysfunctions such as menstrual irregularities, anovulation and infertility. Current treatments rely on dopamine agonists but are limited by side effects and resistance. Kisspeptin (Kp), a key neuropeptide regulating the reproductive function, offers potential as an alternative therapy. However, Kp's short half-life requires impractical administration regimens. To address this, we developed a synthetic Kp analog, C6, with enhanced pharmacokinetics. This study evaluated the effects of C6 compared to Kp in a mouse model of HPRL. Mice received subcutaneous PRL injections for 21 days to induce HPRL, followed by daily or alternate-day intraperitoneal administration of Kp10, C6 or vehicle. Estrous cyclicity, luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, ovarian histology and hypothalamic gene expression were analyzed. As expected, the HPRL treatment blocked estrous activity, which was restored by both Kp10, the shortest bioactive isoform of Kp, and C6. Histological analysis revealed increased corpora lutea in Kp10- and C6-treated groups, indicating restored ovulation. C6 demonstrated equivalent efficacy to Kp10 in mitigating HPRL-induced reproductive dysfunctions, offering a promising alternative therapy. Future investigations should further explore the mechanistic advantages of C6, particularly its role in LH regulation, to optimize treatment strategies for HPRL-related reproductive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondria as indispensable yet replaceable components of germ plasm: insights into PGCs specification in sturgeons.","authors":"Linan Gao, Roman Franěk, Tomáš Tichopád, Marek Rodina, David Gela, Radek Šindelka, Taiju Saito, Martin Pšenička","doi":"10.1530/REP-24-0441","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-24-0441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>The mitochondria within germ plasm contribute to the formation and specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in non-teleost fishes regardless of their origin from germ plasm. This study offers new insights into germ cell biology and potential strategies for conserving matrilineal genetics in sturgeons.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>While it is widely recognised that mitochondria are components of germ plasm, their specific role in the formation and specification of PGCs remains poorly understood. Furthermore, it has not been established whether mitochondria in germ plasm possess unique characteristics essential for their function. In this study, we demonstrate that mitochondria are indispensable for PGC development in non-teleost fishes and that their role is not dependent on their origin from germ plasm. Using sturgeon embryos, we showed that UV radiation applied to the vegetal pole effectively eliminates germ plasm, including mitochondria, and prevents PGC formation. Remarkably, we restored germ plasm function and PGC development by injecting mitochondria derived from donor eggs, even when these mitochondria were not originally part of the germ plasm. Transplanted mitochondria were successfully identified in larval PGCs using a fluorescent PKH26 tracer, and in interspecies transplantation experiments, their presence was confirmed using species-specific mtDNA and mtRNA primers in larvae and individual PGCs. Our findings reveal that mitochondria are critical but not germ plasm-specific determinants of PGC formation. This study provides novel insights into the developmental pathways of germ cells and establishes a previously unrecognised flexibility in mitochondrial functionality within the germ line. These findings also offer a potential method for conserving matrilineal genetics in critically endangered species such as sturgeons while simultaneously opening new avenues for studying germ lines with high interspecies mitochondrial heteroplasmy and contributing to broader evolutionary and conservation biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial effects of melatonin on canine oocyte nuclear maturation via reduction of oxidative stress.","authors":"Fataneh Ghafari, Mazdak Salavati, Richard J Piercy, Ali A Fouladi-Nashta","doi":"10.1530/REP-24-0388","DOIUrl":"10.1530/REP-24-0388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In brief: </strong>Oxidative stress due to high-fat content damages canine oocytes during long period of in vitro maturation and compromises their developmental competence. This paper shows how melatonin protects the oocytes and increases development to metaphase II stage. Results from this study would be applicable to conservation of endangered and other animal species.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Unlike other domesticated animals, in vitro maturation of canine oocytes results in poor nuclear maturation to the metaphase II stage and high oocyte degeneration. The high-fat content of canine oocytes is the likely cause; it predisposes them to oxidative stress and deleterious reactive oxygen species (ROS). Melatonin (MTN) (potentially acting as a powerful antioxidant) was reported to support in vitro cultured oocytes in other species. In this work, canine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected after routine ovariohysterectomy. Immunocytochemistry for expression of melatonin receptors (MTNR-1A and 1B) revealed that both receptors were highly expressed in canine oocytes and there was lower expression in the cumulus cells. Canine COCs matured in vitro in melatonin-supplemented culture at 100 nM concentration in low (5%) O2 incubator had a lower percentage at GV stage (6.7% ± 4.2 vs 19.8% ± 3), a higher MII stage (32.3% ± 6.4 vs 15.81% ± 8.1), lower degeneration (20.5% ± 3.2 vs 45.2% ± 5.15) and higher meiotic resumption (GVBD-MII; 56.2% ± 8.6 vs 19% ± 3), and produced lower ROS (determined after DCHFDA staining) (all P < 0.005) than oocytes cultured in high O2 (20%) incubator. The expression of ROS-regulating genes GPX-1 and catalase was significantly reduced in oocytes cultured with melatonin in low O2 compared with high O2 (P < 0.05). Importantly, the oocyte maturation rate increased significantly when G-IVF PLUS, a commercial culture medium used in human oocyte culture, was supplemented with MTN (P < 0.05). These results support the main objective of this study to analyze the beneficial effects of melatonin and low oxygen tension on both health and the developmental competence of in vitro matured canine oocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21127,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}