Research最新文献

{"title":"Bioinspired Spatially Ordered Multicellular Lobules for Liver Regeneration.","authors":"Jinglin Wang, Danqing Huang, Haozhen Ren, Yuanjin Zhao","doi":"10.34133/research.0634","DOIUrl":"10.34133/research.0634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell therapy is a promising strategy for acute liver failure (ALF), while its therapeutic efficacy is often limited by cell loss and poor arrangement. Here, inspired by liver microunits, we propose a novel spatially ordered multicellular lobules for the ALF treatment by using a microfluidic continuous spinning technology. The microfluidics with multiple microchannels was constructed by assembling parallel capillaries. Sodium alginate (Alg) solution encapsulating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), hepatocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are introduced into the middle channel and the 6 parallel outer channels of the microfluidics, respectively. Simultaneously, Ca²⁺-loaded solutions are pumped through the innermost and outermost channels, forming a hollow microfiber with hepatocytes and MSCs alternately surrounding the HUVECs. These microfibers could highly resemble the cord-like structure of liver lobules, bringing about outstanding liver-like functions. We have demonstrated that in ALF rats, our biomimetic lobules can effectively suppress excessive inflammatory responses, decrease cell necrosis, and promote regenerative pathways, leading to satisfied therapeutic efficacy. These findings underscore the potential of spatially ordered multicellular microfibers in treating related diseases and improving traditional clinical methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0634"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ViE-Take: A Vision-Driven Multi-Modal Dataset for Exploring the Emotional Landscape in Takeover Safety of Autonomous Driving.","authors":"Yantong Wang, Yu Gu, Tong Quan, Jiaoyun Yang, Mianxiong Dong, Ning An, Fuji Ren","doi":"10.34133/research.0603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/research.0603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Takeover safety draws increasing attention in the intelligent transportation as the new energy vehicles with cutting-edge autopilot capabilities vigorously blossom on the road. Despite recent studies highlighting the importance of drivers' emotions in takeover safety, the lack of emotion-aware takeover datasets hinders further investigation, thereby constraining potential applications in this field. To this end, we introduce ViE-Take, the first Vision-driven (Vision is used since it constitutes the most cost-effective and user-friendly solution for commercial driver monitor systems) dataset for exploring the Emotional landscape in Takeovers of autonomous driving. ViE-Take enables a comprehensive exploration of the impact of emotions on drivers' takeover performance through 3 key attributes: multi-source emotion elicitation, multi-modal driver data collection, and multi-dimensional emotion annotations. To aid the use of ViE-Take, we provide 4 deep models (corresponding to 4 prevalent learning strategies) for predicting 3 different aspects of drivers' takeover performance (readiness, reaction time, and quality). These models offer benefits for various downstream tasks, such as driver emotion recognition and regulation for automobile manufacturers. Initial analysis and experiments conducted on ViE-Take indicate that (a) emotions have diverse impacts on takeover performance, some of which are counterintuitive; (b) highly expressive social media clips, despite their brevity, prove effective in eliciting emotions (a foundation for emotion regulation); and (c) predicting takeover performance solely through deep learning on vision data not only is feasible but also holds great potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0603"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbene-Catalyzed Phthalide Ether Functionalization for Discovering Chiral Phytovirucide that Specifically Targets Viral Nia Protein to Inhibit Proliferation.","authors":"Xiaoyi Wang, Weijia Yang, Shang Wu, Fangru Jin, Zhongjie Shen, Xiangyang Li, Yonggui Robin Chi, Baoan Song, Runjiang Song","doi":"10.34133/research.0637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/research.0637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant diseases caused by vegetable viruses are an important threat to global food security, presenting a major challenge for the development of antiviral agrochemicals. Functional proteins of plant viruses play a crucial role in the viral life cycle, and targeted inhibition of these proteins has emerged as a promising strategy. However, the current discovery of antiviral small molecules is hampered by the limitations of synthetic approaches and the narrow range of targets. Herein, we report a practical application of organocatalysis for serving pesticide discovery that bears a unique molecular basis. An <i>N</i>-heterocyclic carbene-modulated reaction is first designed to asymmetrically functionalize diverse natural phenols with phthalides. Our designed method is capable of producing a series of new phthalidyl ethers under mild conditions with good yields, enantioselectivity, and functional group tolerance. Among these, compound (<i>R</i>)-<b>3w</b> exhibits excellent and enantioselectivity-preferred curative activity against potato virus Y (PVY). Mechanistically, it is proposed that (<i>R</i>)-<b>3w</b> interacts with the nuclear inclusion body A (Nia) protein of PVY at the His150 residue. This binding impairs Nia's function to cleavage polyprotein, thereby inhibiting formation of viral replication complex. The study provides insights into advancing synthetic protocol to facilitate agrochemical discovery, and our identified (<i>R</i>)-<b>3w</b> may serve as a potential lead for future research and development PVY-Nia inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0637"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conformal Radiation-Type Programmable Metasurface for Agile Millimeter-Wave Orbital Angular Momentum Generation.","authors":"Anjie Cao, Tao Ni, Yuhua Chen, Longpan Wang, Zhenfei Li, Xudong Bai, Fuli Zhang, Zhansheng Chen","doi":"10.34133/research.0631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/research.0631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the scarcity of bandwidth resources has become increasingly critical in modern communication systems, orbital angular momentum (OAM) with a higher degree of freedom in information modulation has become a promising solution to alleviate the shortage of spectrum resources. Consequently, the integration of OAM with millimeter-wave technology has emerged as a focal point in next-generation communication research. Recently, programmable metasurfaces have gained considerable attention as essential devices for OAM generation due to real-time tunability, but their profiles are relatively high as a result of the external feed source. This paper proposes a conformal radiation-type programmable metasurface operating in the millimeter-wave band. By employing a series-parallel hybrid feed network to replace conventional external feed sources, the overall profile of the metasurface system can be reduced to less than 0.1<i>λ</i>. Furthermore, the proposed innovation design could also achieve a conformal cross-shaped architecture, which is ultraportable and very effective in integrating with the front ends of satellites or aircraft and eliminating issues such as feed source blockage as well as energy spillover losses in conventional metasurfaces. The proposed metasurface could achieve a realized gain of 22.54 dB with an aperture efficiency of 21.75%, thus generating high-purity OAM waves with topological charges of <i>l</i> = 0, <i>l</i> = +1, <i>l</i> = +2, and <i>l</i> = +3. Additionally, by incorporating beam scanning techniques, OAM waves could be deflected to accommodate scenarios with moving receivers, demonstrating substantial potential for future high-speed wireless communication applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0631"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Metaverse Healthcare: A Collaborative Representation and Adaptive Fusion Approach for Generative Artificial-Intelligence-Driven Diagnosis.","authors":"Jianhui Lv, Adam Slowik, Shalli Rani, Byung-Gyu Kim, Chien-Ming Chen, Saru Kumari, Keqin Li, Xiaohong Lyu, Huamao Jiang","doi":"10.34133/research.0616","DOIUrl":"10.34133/research.0616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The metaverse enables immersive virtual healthcare environments, presenting opportunities for enhanced care delivery. A key challenge lies in effectively combining multimodal healthcare data and generative artificial intelligence abilities within metaverse-based healthcare applications, which is a problem that needs to be addressed. This paper proposes a novel multimodal learning framework for metaverse healthcare, MMLMH, based on collaborative intra- and intersample representation and adaptive fusion. Our framework introduces a collaborative representation learning approach that captures shared and modality-specific features across text, audio, and visual health data. By combining modality-specific and shared encoders with carefully formulated intrasample and intersample collaboration mechanisms, MMLMH achieves superior feature representation for complex health assessments. The framework's adaptive fusion approach, utilizing attention mechanisms and gated neural networks, demonstrates robust performance across varying noise levels and data quality conditions. Experiments on metaverse healthcare datasets demonstrate MMLMH's superior performance over baseline methods across multiple evaluation metrics. Longitudinal studies and visualization further illustrate MMLMH's adaptability to evolving virtual environments and balanced performance across diagnostic accuracy, patient-system interaction efficacy, and data integration complexity. The proposed framework has a unique advantage in that a similar level of performance is maintained across various patient populations and virtual avatars, which could lead to greater personalization of healthcare experiences in the metaverse. MMLMH's successful functioning in such complicated circumstances suggests that it can combine and process information streams from several sources. They can be successfully utilized in next-generation healthcare delivery through virtual reality.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0616"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Single-Step Terahertz Metasensing for Simultaneous Detection Based on Exosomal Membrane Proteins Enables Pathological Typing of Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Qingzhe Jia, Zhaofu Ma, Yujia Wang, Mingjin Zhang, Guijun Zou, Bin Lan, Songyan Li, Zeqiu Lao, Wenbin Shen, Jing Lou, Yanan Jiao, Xiaohui Du","doi":"10.34133/research.0625","DOIUrl":"10.34133/research.0625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exosomes (Exos) are emerging as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis and progression monitoring of gastric cancer (GC). However, the heterogeneity discrimination and ultrasensitive quantification of Exos presents a considerable analytical challenge, thereby impeding severely their clinical application. Herein, we propose an integrated terahertz metasensing platform for the discrimination of Exos in distinct subtypes of GC in a single step-through the simultaneous evaluation of the category and richness level of Exos membrane proteins. Characterized by dual-sided independent sensing capabilities with enhanced sensitivity (169 and 325 GHz per refractive index unit, respectively), the metasensor functionalized with antibodies simultaneously reflects the content of 2 membrane proteins in the terahertz spectral response. Our approach concurrently completes accurate differentiation and precise quantification of GC-subtype Exos by integrating dual-sided sensing information in merely a single assay. The dual-sided sensing design enhances the reliability of detection results. Moreover, combined with the signal amplification of gold nanoparticles, the platform experimentally demonstrates a superior dynamic response to Exos concentrations spanning from 1 × 10⁴ to 1 × 10⁸ particles/ml, with the limit of detection being 1 × 10⁴ particles/ml. This work provides new insights into multisensing metasurface design and paves the way for precise and personalized cancer treatment through the specific sensing of Exos.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0625"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Spatial Omics in the Cardiovascular System.","authors":"Yuhong Hu, Hao Jia, Hao Cui, Jiangping Song","doi":"10.34133/research.0628","DOIUrl":"10.34133/research.0628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases constitute a marked threat to global health, and the emergence of spatial omics technologies has revolutionized cardiovascular research. This review explores the application of spatial omics, including spatial transcriptomics, spatial proteomics, spatial metabolomics, spatial genomics, and spatial epigenomics, providing more insight into the molecular and cellular foundations of cardiovascular disease and highlighting the critical contributions of spatial omics to cardiovascular science, and discusses future prospects, including technological advancements, integration of multi-omics, and clinical applications. These developments should contribute to the understanding of cardiovascular diseases and guide the progress of precision medicine, targeted therapies, and personalized treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0628"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fat-1 Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Atherosclerosis through Promoting the Nuclear Localization of PPARα in Hamsters.","authors":"Wenxi Zhang, Jiabao Guo, Guolin Miao, Jingxuan Chen, Yitong Xu, Pingping Lai, Lianxin Zhang, Yufei Han, Sin Man Lam, Guanghou Shui, Yuhui Wang, Wei Huang, Xunde Xian","doi":"10.34133/research.0577","DOIUrl":"10.34133/research.0577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fat-1, an enzyme encoded by the <i>fat-1</i> gene, is responsible for the conversion of endogenous omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids into omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. To better investigate whether the expression of Fat-1 will exert a beneficial function in dyslipidemia and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), we established an adeno-associated virus 9 expressing Fat-1. We found that adeno-associated-virus-mediated expression of Fat-1 markedly reduced the levels of plasma triglycerides and total cholesterol but increased high-density lipoprotein levels in male wild-type hamsters on both chow diet and high-fat diet as well as in chow-diet-fed male LDLR^-/- hamsters. Fat-1 ameliorated diet-induced MAFLD in wild-type hamsters by enhancing fatty acid oxidation through the hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα)-dependent pathway. Mechanistically, Fat-1 increased the levels of multiple lipid derivatives as ligands for PPARα and simultaneously facilitated the nuclear localization of PPARα. Our results provide new insights into the multiple therapeutic potentials of Fat-1 to treat dyslipidemia, MAFLD, and atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0577"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal Vascular Morphology Reflects and Predicts Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Evidences from Eye-Brain Imaging Analysis.","authors":"Ning Wu, Mingze Xu, Shuohua Chen, Shouling Wu, Jing Li, Ying Hui, Xiaoshuai Li, Zhenchang Wang, Han Lv","doi":"10.34133/research.0633","DOIUrl":"10.34133/research.0633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) involves ischemic white matter damage and choroid plexus (CP) dysfunction for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production. Given the vascular and CSF links between the eye and brain, this study explored whether retinal vascular morphology can indicate cerebrovascular injury and CP dysfunction in SVD. We assessed SVD burden using imaging phenotypes like white matter hyperintensities (WMH), perivascular spaces, lacunes, and microbleeds. Cerebrovascular injury was quantified by WMH volume and peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD), while CP volume measured its dysfunction. Retinal vascular markers were derived from fundus images, with associations analyzed using generalized linear models and Pearson correlations. Path analysis quantified contributions of cerebrovascular injury and CP volume to retinal changes. Support vector machine models were developed to predict SVD severity using retinal and demographic data. Among 815 participants, 578 underwent ocular imaging. Increased SVD burden markedly correlated with both cerebral and retinal biomarkers, with retinal alterations equally influenced by cerebrovascular damage and CP enlargement. Machine learning models showed robust predictive power for severe SVD burden (AUC was 0.82), PSMD (0.81), WMH volume (0.77), and CP volume (0.80). These findings suggest that retinal imaging could serve as a cost-effective, noninvasive tool for SVD screening based on vascular and CSF connections.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0633"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Common Hallmarks and Interconnected Pathways of Aging, Circadian Rhythms, and Cancer: Implications for Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Jie Wang, Fanglin Shao, Qing Xin Yu, Luxia Ye, Dilinaer Wusiman, Ruicheng Wu, Zhouting Tuo, Zhipeng Wang, Dengxiong Li, William C Cho, Wuran Wei, Dechao Feng","doi":"10.34133/research.0612","DOIUrl":"10.34133/research.0612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intricate relationship between cancer, circadian rhythms, and aging is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in understanding the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Aging is a well-established primary risk factor for cancer, while disruptions in circadian rhythms are intricately associated with the tumorigenesis and progression of various tumors. Moreover, aging itself disrupts circadian rhythms, leading to physiological changes that may accelerate cancer development. Despite these connections, the specific interplay between these processes and their collective impact on cancer remains inadequately explored in the literature. In this review, we systematically explore the physiological mechanisms of circadian rhythms and their influence on cancer development. We discuss how core circadian genes impact tumor risk and prognosis, highlighting the shared hallmarks of cancer and aging such as genomic instability, cellular senescence, and chronic inflammation. Furthermore, we examine the interplay between circadian rhythms and aging, focusing on how this crosstalk contributes to tumorigenesis, tumor proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as the impact on cellular metabolism and genomic stability. By elucidating the common pathways linking aging, circadian rhythms, and cancer, this review provides new insights into the pathophysiology of cancer and identifies potential therapeutic strategies. We propose that targeting the circadian regulation of cancer hallmarks could pave the way for novel treatments, including chronotherapy and antiaging interventions, which may offer important benefits in the clinical management of cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0612"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}