Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第4页

A multi-scale cognitive interaction model of instrument operations at the Linac Coherent Light Source.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0239302

Jonathan Isaac Segal, Wan-Lin Hu, Paul H Fuoss, Frank E Ritter, Jeff Shrager

{"title":"A multi-scale cognitive interaction model of instrument operations at the Linac Coherent Light Source.","authors":"Jonathan Isaac Segal, Wan-Lin Hu, Paul H Fuoss, Frank E Ritter, Jeff Shrager","doi":"10.1063/5.0239302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0239302","url":null,"abstract":"The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is the world's first x-ray free electron laser. It is a scientific user facility operated by the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, at Stanford, for the U.S. Department of Energy. As beam time at LCLS is extremely valuable and limited, experimental efficiency-getting the most high quality data in the least time-is critical. Our overall project employs cognitive engineering methodologies with the goal of improving experimental efficiency and increasing scientific productivity at LCLS by refining experimental interfaces and workflows, simplifying tasks, reducing errors, and improving operator safety and stress. Here, we describe a multi-agent, multi-scale computational cognitive interaction model of instrument operations at LCLS. Our model simulates the aspects of human cognition at multiple cognitive and temporal scales, ranging from seconds to hours, and among agents playing multiple roles, including instrument operator, real time data analyst, and experiment manager. The model can roughly predict impacts stemming from proposed changes to operational interfaces and workflows. Example results demonstrate the model's potential in guiding modifications to improve operational efficiency. We discuss the implications of our effort for cognitive engineering in complex experimental settings and outline future directions for research. The model is open source, and the videos of the supplementary material provide extensive detail.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A simple cavity-enhanced laser-based heater for reflective samples.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0248517

Kai Golibrzuch, Alec M Wodtke

{"title":"A simple cavity-enhanced laser-based heater for reflective samples.","authors":"Kai Golibrzuch, Alec M Wodtke","doi":"10.1063/5.0248517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248517","url":null,"abstract":"Surface science instruments require excellent vacuum to ensure surface cleanliness; they also require control of sample temperature, both to clean the surface of contaminants and to control reaction rates at the surface, for example, for molecular beam epitaxy and studies of heterogeneous catalysis. Standard approaches to sample heating within high vacuum chambers involve passing current through filaments of refractory metals, which then heat the sample by convective, radiative, or electron bombardment induced heat transfer. Such hot filament methods lead to outgassing of molecules from neighboring materials that are inadvertently heated; they also produce electrons and ions that may interfere with other aspects of the surface science experiment. Hot filaments may even disintegrate when used in the presence of gases introduced to induce surface reactions on the sample. Optical heating using lasers can deliver energy directly to the sample, ensuring that only the sample is heated and surroundings within the vacuum chamber are not, while simultaneously eliminating the need for hot filaments. Despite this advantage, optical heating is not commonly employed-such methods are considered complex, expensive, and unreliable. More fundamentally, surface scientists are often interested in metallic samples, whose reflectivity may limit the efficiency of laser heating. In this paper, we describe a simple and inexpensive sample heater based on a commercial diode laser, whose heating efficiency is enhanced by a concave aluminum mirror placed behind the sample. The geometry of the reflector and sample ensures that a stable optical cavity is produced. Using only 26 W of laser power directed to the sample with a fiber optic, a 1-cm diameter × 2-mm thick Pt sample could be heated to 1400 K within 1 min. Excellent programmable temperature control and long-term temperature stability are also demonstrated. Sample heating to 900 °C was performed with negligible increase in chamber pressure. The entire setup comprises components costing less than typical electron bombardment heaters.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a 300 kV/3 kHz nanosecond pulse generator using semiconductor opening switches. 利用半导体开路开关的300kv / 3khz纳秒脉冲发生器的研制。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223667

Yu-Hao Chen, Jie Yang, Yan-Zhao Xie

{"title":"Development of a 300 kV/3 kHz nanosecond pulse generator using semiconductor opening switches.","authors":"Yu-Hao Chen, Jie Yang, Yan-Zhao Xie","doi":"10.1063/5.0223667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0223667","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the development of a nanosecond pulse generator utilizing semiconductor opening switches (SOS), designed to deliver high voltage and operate at a high repetitive frequency. The pulse generator comprises three main components: a primary charging unit, a magnetic pulse compression unit, and an SOS magnification unit. To ensure stable operation of the high-power charging unit at high repetitive frequencies, a rectifying resonant charging and energy recovery circuit are implemented, providing a 1 kV charging voltage at a 3 kHz repetition rate. The three-stage magnetic pulse compression is designed to reduce the pulse width from tens of microseconds to tens of nanoseconds, where self-demagnetization could be completed during repetitive frequency operation. To achieve an output voltage of 300 kV, multiple SOS switches are employed in a series. The developed pulse generator achieves a final output of 300 kV with a 3 kHz repetitive frequency under a load of 2 kΩ. Furthermore, the effects of multiple factors on the output performance are characterized by both simulation and measurement for a comprehensive analysis.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microwave thermal imaging system for debonding detection of radar absorbing materials. 用于雷达吸波材料脱粘检测的微波热成像系统。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0235306

Yihang Tu, Ziqiao Tang, Yang Qiu, Beibei Wang

{"title":"Microwave thermal imaging system for debonding detection of radar absorbing materials.","authors":"Yihang Tu, Ziqiao Tang, Yang Qiu, Beibei Wang","doi":"10.1063/5.0235306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0235306","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a microwave thermal imaging system (MTIS) has been presented for debonding detection of radar absorbing materials (RAMs). First, an overview of the mechanism underlying microwave heating and the fundamental principle of defect detection within RAMs is presented. Then, a multifunctional MTIS capable of performing both microwave lock-in thermography (MLIT) and long-pulse microwave thermography (LPMT) has been introduced, specifically tailored for the in situ inspection of RAMs. In addition, in this system, the detection area for a single scan is 90 * 90 mm2, with the emission source operating at a frequency of 5.8 GHz and boasting a maximum output power of 20 W. Next, based on MTIS, the above-mentioned two thermography techniques are applied to detect defects in RAMs. In addition, thermal contrast (Tc) and signal-to-noise ratio are introduced for the analysis of imaging results. Finally, the results show that LPMT can be used for preliminary detection of debonding defects in RAMs, while MLIT can be further used for detailed detection of debonding defects in RAMs. In addition, the minimum detection time of this MTIS is 45 s, and the minimum detectable defect aperture is 3 mm.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On-machine separation and compensation of target mirror's surface shape errors in multidimensional interferometric measurement system. 多维干涉测量系统中目标镜面形误差的机内分离与补偿。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0232489

Zuyang Zhang, Qiangxian Huang, Jun Lu, Hongli Li, Rongjun Cheng, Liansheng Zhang

{"title":"On-machine separation and compensation of target mirror's surface shape errors in multidimensional interferometric measurement system.","authors":"Zuyang Zhang, Qiangxian Huang, Jun Lu, Hongli Li, Rongjun Cheng, Liansheng Zhang","doi":"10.1063/5.0232489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0232489","url":null,"abstract":"In multi-dimensional nanopositioning and nanomeasuring devices, interference measurement is widely used. The three-dimensional (3D) target mirror serves as the spatial reference plane to achieve multidimensional interference measurements. However, the surface shape errors of the target mirror are superimposed on the geometric dimensions of the measured workpiece, which limits the system's overall measurement accuracy. This paper proposes a method for on-machine separation and compensation of the target mirror's surface shape errors based on the micro-nano-coordinate measuring machine (MNCMM) that employs interference measurement. This method provides the model for the separation and compensation of the surface shape errors. The MNCMM employs a home-made resonant probe and a reference flat crystal to achieve the separation experiment. Subsequently, an interpolation algorithm is used to compensate for the surface shape errors at any point in space according to the compensation model. By comparing the flatness measurement results of a standard flat crystal with a flatness of 50 nm before and after compensation, the flatness is reduced from 175 to 77 nm. It demonstrates the reliability of the method. This method can be widely applied to on-machine compensation for surface shape errors in multidimensional interference measurement systems.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The passive core snubber based on Fe-based amorphous alloy for -400 kV negative ion based neutral beam injector of comprehensive research facility for fusion technology. 核聚变技术综合研究设施-400 kV负离子基中性束注入器用铁基非晶合金无源芯缓冲器

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0217637

Bo Liu, Zhimin Liu, Caichao Jiang, Sheng Liu, Junjun Pan, Shiyong Chen, Wei Wei, Wei Liu, Yuanlai Xie

{"title":"The passive core snubber based on Fe-based amorphous alloy for -400 kV negative ion based neutral beam injector of comprehensive research facility for fusion technology.","authors":"Bo Liu, Zhimin Liu, Caichao Jiang, Sheng Liu, Junjun Pan, Shiyong Chen, Wei Wei, Wei Liu, Yuanlai Xie","doi":"10.1063/5.0217637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0217637","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) is a technology development and validation platform for fusion technology in China. Neutral beam injection is one of the most important auxiliary heating and current drive methods in magnetically confined controlled fusion. Consequently, a negative ion based neutral beam injector (NNBI) testing facility with a beam energy of 400 keV is being developed in CRAFT. The core snubber, which provides an equivalent parallel resistance and inductance, will be used as the main surge suppression method for the CRAFT NNBI power supply system. In this paper, a core snubber for CRAFT NNBI based on Fe-based amorphous alloy is designed. The transmission line resistance, inductance, and capacitance of the high-voltage circuit have been considered during the design process. The snubber is made thin and long for even weight distribution while ensuring choke capacity. One of the snubber units was tested on the test bench. The test results indicate that the choke capacity of the snubber meets the requirement and can achieve significant suppression of peak ignition current and oscillation.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A sticking predictor construction and evaluation method for drill tools sticking prediction.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220209

Honglin Wu, Zhongbin Wang, Lei Si, Xiaoyu Zou, Jinheng Gu, Dong Wei, Chao Tan

引用次数: 0

Analyzing the potential of ion chambers to measure laser-induced ionization rates.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218592

Benjamin Oliker, Greg Pitz, David A Hostutler, Timothy Madden, Wolfgang Rudolph

引用次数: 0

Study on a compact pulse forming line-Marx type high voltage pulse generator. 小型脉冲形成线-马克思式高压脉冲发生器的研究。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0233985

Song Li, Fanzheng Zeng, Quancai Zhang, Hao Cai, Quan Sun, Baoliang Qian

引用次数: 0

Erratum: "The Simons Observatory: Cryogenic half wave plate rotation mechanism for the small aperture telescopes" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 95, 024504 (2024)]. 勘误：“Simons天文台：小口径望远镜的低温半波片旋转机制”[Sci.修订版]。仪器仪表，95,024504(2024)]。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0252360

K Yamada, B Bixler, Y Sakurai, P C Ashton, J Sugiyama, K Arnold, J Begin, L Corbett, S Day-Weiss, N Galitzki, C A Hill, B R Johnson, B Jost, A Kusaka, B J Koopman, J Lashner, A T Lee, A Mangu, H Nishino, L A Page, M J Randall, D Sasaki, X Song, J Spisak, T Tsan, Y Wang, P A Williams

引用次数: 0