Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第4页

Ambulatory ECG noise reduction algorithm for conditional diffusion model based on multi-kernel convolutional transformer. 基于多核卷积变换器的条件扩散模型的非卧床心电图降噪算法。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222123

Huiquan Wang, Juya Zhang, Xinming Dong, Tong Wang, Xin Ma, Jinhai Wang

{"title":"Ambulatory ECG noise reduction algorithm for conditional diffusion model based on multi-kernel convolutional transformer.","authors":"Huiquan Wang, Juya Zhang, Xinming Dong, Tong Wang, Xin Ma, Jinhai Wang","doi":"10.1063/5.0222123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0222123","url":null,"abstract":"Ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) testing plays a crucial role in the early detection, diagnosis, treatment evaluation, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Clear ECG signals are essential for the subsequent analysis of these conditions. However, ECG signals obtained during exercise are susceptible to various noise interferences, including electrode motion artifact, baseline wander, and muscle artifact. These interferences can blur the characteristic ECG waveforms, potentially leading to misjudgment by physicians. To suppress noise in ECG signals more effectively, this paper proposes a novel deep learning-based noise reduction method. This method enhances the diffusion model network by introducing conditional noise, designing a multi-kernel convolutional transformer network structure based on noise prediction, and integrating the diffusion model inverse process to achieve noise reduction. Experiments were conducted on the QT database and MIT-BIH Noise Stress Test Database and compared with the algorithms in other papers to verify the effectiveness of the present method. The results indicate that the proposed method achieves optimal noise reduction performance across both statistical and distance-based evaluation metrics as well as waveform visualization, surpassing eight other state-of-the-art methods. The network proposed in this paper demonstrates stable performance in addressing electrode motion artifact, baseline wander, muscle artifact, and the mixed complex noise of these three types, and it is anticipated to be applied in future noise reduction analysis of clinical dynamic ECG signals.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A 700 kV pulse generator with a rise time on the order of several nanoseconds. 700 千伏脉冲发生器，上升时间约为几纳秒。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222037

Junna Li, Yongliang Wang, Xiaoyu Zhou, Haoliang Shi, Fangzheng Wu, Qixiang Huang, Qisheng Li, Yiting Zhang

引用次数: 0

Laboratory demonstration of an off-axis optical bench design for future gravity missions. 用于未来重力飞行任务的离轴光学工作台设计的实验室演示。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0215690

Bo Peng, Kailan Wu, Jingui Wu, Zhongkai Guo, Yun Wang, Ming Li, Yongchao Zheng, Xu Li, Chenhui Xia, Shaojun Bai, Yiqun Wang, Xuling Lin

引用次数: 0

Integrated test system for interfacial strength and morphology of multi-type hydrate-bearing sediments. 多类型含水沉积物界面强度和形态综合测试系统。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0212247

Yajuan Zhang, Yanlong Li, Nengyou Wu, Lilin Li, Yunkai Ji, Lin Dong, Zhiwen Sun, Ke Ke

{"title":"Integrated test system for interfacial strength and morphology of multi-type hydrate-bearing sediments.","authors":"Yajuan Zhang, Yanlong Li, Nengyou Wu, Lilin Li, Yunkai Ji, Lin Dong, Zhiwen Sun, Ke Ke","doi":"10.1063/5.0212247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0212247","url":null,"abstract":"Predicting the strength parameters of multi-type sediments containing hydrates is the basis and precondition for the safe and efficient development of natural gas hydrates. However, studies on the shear mechanical behavior and morphology of multi-type hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) are still insufficient. Herein, this study presents an integrated test system that can be used to measure the interfacial strength and morphology of multi-type sediments containing hydrates. This device integrates specimen preparation, shear test, morphology observation, and data analysis, which is helpful to comprehensively evaluate interfacial strength, roughness, and morphology. The propagation and development characteristics of microfractures of HBS during shearing can be obtained, which is favorable for identifying the damage and failure modes. Preliminary validation experiments have been conducted on massive pure hydrate, hydrate-sediment interface, and homogenous HBS to verify the applicability of the device for multi-type HBS. The device and corresponding analysis method are expected to support the evaluation of interfacial strength and morphology, thereby promoting a deeper understanding of hydrate-sediment interactions and failure mechanisms of hydrate reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the theory of multi-target coded sources for high-energy, high-resolution, and high-brightness x-ray radiography. 关于用于高能量、高分辨率和高亮度 X 射线射线摄影的多目标编码源理论。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0217711

M P Selwood, D R Rusby, D N Fittinghoff, M P Hill, G J Williams

{"title":"On the theory of multi-target coded sources for high-energy, high-resolution, and high-brightness x-ray radiography.","authors":"M P Selwood, D R Rusby, D N Fittinghoff, M P Hill, G J Williams","doi":"10.1063/5.0217711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0217711","url":null,"abstract":"X-ray radiography is a ubiquitous diagnostic technique in high energy density (HED) physics, with point projection backlighting commonly used for characterizing static and dynamic objects at high spatial and temporal resolutions. These are typically constrained in attainable resolution by their decrease in brightness, which is a limiting factor for high-Z HED experiments, such as double-shell implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) requiring MeV-scale bremsstrahlung sources at high (<50μm) resolution. Coded source imaging is a technique using multiple point-projection sources to produce multiple overlapping radiographs, which are then decoded as a function of the source positions in a process akin to coded aperture imaging. Here, we discuss a new approach to coded source generation using multiple individual small-diameter wire targets within the footprint of a defocused large-scale a0 ≃ 1 laser to produce an MeV-scale high-resolution bright combined source for x-ray radiography. We outline optimal source designs with NIF-Advanced Radiography Capability as the case study, highlight the need for iterative reconstruction decoding, and discuss the research required to demonstrate a robust physical proof-of-concept.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High temperature setup for measurement of Hall coefficient and electrical conductivity of thermoelectric materials. 用于测量热电材料霍尔系数和电导率的高温装置。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0214582

B Agrawal, S Choudhary, P K Sahu, T Dasgupta

{"title":"High temperature setup for measurement of Hall coefficient and electrical conductivity of thermoelectric materials.","authors":"B Agrawal, S Choudhary, P K Sahu, T Dasgupta","doi":"10.1063/5.0214582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0214582","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental setup has been developed for the simultaneous measurement of the Hall coefficient (RH) and electrical conductivity (σ) of thermoelectric (TE) specimens in the temperature range of 300-700 K. The van der Pauw geometry is utilized for the RH and σ measurements. The sample holder geometry has been designed for diverse TE specimen dimensions and easy sample mounting. A special feature of the holder geometry is that the same sample can be used for other relevant thermoelectric measurements such as the Seebeck coefficient and thermal diffusivity. This minimizes measurement errors associated with compositional or doping inhomogeneities. In the absence of high temperature standard reference materials for Hall coefficient measurements, silicon samples with different doping concentrations have been used to verify the accuracy of the instrument. Additionally, the electrical conductivity data have been validated by measurements on the same samples in a calibrated setup. Repeat measurements indicate a maximum standard deviation of ±3% and ±0.5% for the RH and σ data in the studied temperature range. Furthermore, comparisons with the calibrated setup indicate deviations within ±3% for the σ data. The suitability of the measurement setup for TE specimens has been demonstrated using measurements on n-type (Mg2Sn) and p-type (Mg3Sb2) specimens with carrier concentrations in the range of 1019-1020 cm-3.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and performance of indium seals for size-constrained tunable laser spectrometers. 用于尺寸受限的可调谐激光光谱仪的铟密封件的设计和性能。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0206815

Frank A F Winiberg, Mathieu Fradet, Rafal Krzysiak, Yangquan Chen, Kamjou Mansour, Aaron C Noell, J Kent Wallace, Lance E Christensen

{"title":"Design and performance of indium seals for size-constrained tunable laser spectrometers.","authors":"Frank A F Winiberg, Mathieu Fradet, Rafal Krzysiak, Yangquan Chen, Kamjou Mansour, Aaron C Noell, J Kent Wallace, Lance E Christensen","doi":"10.1063/5.0206815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0206815","url":null,"abstract":"Indium seals have been used extensively in ultra-high vacuum and cryogenic applications. Typically, these seals use indium alongside or in place of other metal gaskets in stainless-steel vacuum flanges, with some custom applications for flanges sealing directly with glass (optics or tubes). Here, we present the design and performance of three pressed indium seals (99.99% In) between aluminum and 0.5 in. diameter sapphire optics and aluminum and gold coated Kovar semiconductor packages (TO-66 and TO-39). Test fixtures were designed to mimic those of future tunable diode laser spectrometers for Earth, planetary, and manned spaceflight environmental monitoring applications. Successful high-hermeticity seals [<10-10 atm cc/s (He)] were achieved for all seals formed with sufficient pressure applied to allow indium to flow between mating surfaces. The hermeticity of the seals was maintained after temperature cycling (-10 to +80 °C, 20 cycles), with the optical seals surviving extended duration tests (-55 to +85 °C, per MIL-STD-883). Semiconductor packages (TO-39) subjected to these extended tests saw a moderate increase in leak rate [∼5 × 10-9 atm cc/s (He)]; however, further testing showed that either the glass-metal package seals or the indium were affected (the sample size was too small to draw firm conclusions for future applications). Overall, these results suggest long-term survivability of indium seals for Kovar-aluminum and sapphire-aluminum interfaces [>10 years at 10-10 atm cc/s (He)], where the coefficient of thermal expansion differs by approximately four times.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A versatile steel belt casting equipment for in situ synchrotron radiation x-ray scattering measurement of polymer films. 用于现场同步辐射 X 射线散射测量聚合物薄膜的多功能钢带铸造设备。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219366

Shenghui Liu, Shichao Cheng, Yu Luo, Jianhe Zhu, Liangbao Liu, Hang Guo, Kunpeng Cui, Minfang An, Liangbin Li

{"title":"A versatile steel belt casting equipment for in situ synchrotron radiation x-ray scattering measurement of polymer films.","authors":"Shenghui Liu, Shichao Cheng, Yu Luo, Jianhe Zhu, Liangbao Liu, Hang Guo, Kunpeng Cui, Minfang An, Liangbin Li","doi":"10.1063/5.0219366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219366","url":null,"abstract":"A steel belt casting equipment, weighing approximately ∼6-7 tons and measuring ∼5 m in length, has been designed and developed for simulating the industrial processing of polymer films and being combined with synchrotron radiation in situ x-ray scattering measurements. Through modification of its modules, it is feasible to implement two distinct film casting modes, namely the wet and the dry casting processes. The speed of a steel belt can span from 0.5 to 8 m/min. The highest experimental temperature and drying wind speed are 300 °C and 6 m/s, respectively. All film casting parameters, such as extrusion speed, distance between die and steel belt, casting speed, temperature, and wind speed, can be adjusted independently. Especially, the control accuracy of the temperature and casting rate can reach ±0.1 °C and ±0.01 m/min, respectively. The feasibility of this equipment has been validated through in situ x-ray scattering tests at the BL10U1 industrial beamline of the Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility. With the assistance of this equipment, the understanding of the physical mechanism behind the film casting process should be improved so that the development of advanced functional polymer films.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Image plate multi-scan response to fusion protons in the range of 1-14 MeV. 图像板对 1-14 MeV 范围内聚变质子的多扫描响应。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219547

N Vanderloo, M Cufari, L Russell, T M Johnson, J Vargas, B C Foo, B I Buschmann, S G Dannhoff, A DeVault, T E Evans, J H Kunimune, Y Lawrence, J A Pearcy, B L Reichelt, C W Wink, M Gatu Johnson, R D Petrasso, J A Frenje, C K Li

{"title":"Image plate multi-scan response to fusion protons in the range of 1-14 MeV.","authors":"N Vanderloo, M Cufari, L Russell, T M Johnson, J Vargas, B C Foo, B I Buschmann, S G Dannhoff, A DeVault, T E Evans, J H Kunimune, Y Lawrence, J A Pearcy, B L Reichelt, C W Wink, M Gatu Johnson, R D Petrasso, J A Frenje, C K Li","doi":"10.1063/5.0219547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219547","url":null,"abstract":"Image plates (IPs) are a quickly recoverable and reusable radiation detector often used to measure proton and x-ray fluence in laser-driven experiments. Recently, IPs have been used in a proton radiography detector stack on the OMEGA laser, a diagnostic historically implemented with CR-39, or radiochromic film. The IPs used in this and other diagnostics detect charged particles, neutrons, and x-rays indiscriminately. IPs detect radiation using a photo-stimulated luminescence (PSL) material, often phosphor, in which electrons are excited to metastable states by ionizing radiation. Protons at MeV energies deposit energy deeper into the IP compared with x rays below ∼20 keV due to the Bragg peak present for protons. This property is exploited to discriminate between radiation types. Doses of mono-energetic protons between 1.7 and 14 MeV are applied to IPs using the MIT linear electrostatic ion accelerator. This paper presents the results from consecutive scans of IPs irradiated with different proton energies. The PSL ratios between subsequent scans are shown to depend on proton energy, with higher energy protons having lower PSL ratios for each scan. This finding is separate from the known energy dependence in the absolute sensitivity of IPs. The results can be compared to complimentary work on x rays, showing a difference between protons and x rays, forging a path to discriminate between proton and x-ray fluence in mixed radiation environments.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A versatile system for the growth of porphyrin films via electrospray and molecular sublimation in vacuum and their multi-technique characterization. 在真空中通过电喷雾和分子升华法生长卟啉薄膜的多功能系统及其多技术表征。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223459

F Goto, A Calloni, R Yivlialin, A Bossi, F Ciccacci, L Duò, J N O'Shea, G Bussetti

{"title":"A versatile system for the growth of porphyrin films via electrospray and molecular sublimation in vacuum and their multi-technique characterization.","authors":"F Goto, A Calloni, R Yivlialin, A Bossi, F Ciccacci, L Duò, J N O'Shea, G Bussetti","doi":"10.1063/5.0223459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0223459","url":null,"abstract":"We present a system for the growth of molecular films in vacuum that exhibits high versatility with respect to the choice of molecular species. These can be either evaporated from powders or injected from solutions using an electrospray system, making it possible to handle particularly large and/or fragile molecules in a controlled environment. The apparatus is equipped with a reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy system for the in situ characterization of the optical response of the films and can be directly connected to a photoelectron spectrometer without breaking the vacuum. The system is conceived for the study and characterization of porphyrin films. Here, to showcase the range of possible analyses allowed by the experimental setup and test the operation of the system, novel results are provided on electrospray deposition on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite of Zn tetraphenyl porphyrins and Zn proto porphyrins, the latter featuring fragile side groups that make deposition from solution more attractive. In situ characterization is complemented by ex situ atomic force microscopy. Thanks to this multi-technique approach, changes in the film morphology and spectroscopic response are detected and directly related to the choice of the molecular moiety and growth method.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0