Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第4页

Development of an affine transformation based treatment control system for accelerator based boron neutron capture therapy.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0228761

Junliang Du, Yongquan Wang, Wenming Zhou, Yang Liu, Jinyang Li, Long Gu

{"title":"Development of an affine transformation based treatment control system for accelerator based boron neutron capture therapy.","authors":"Junliang Du, Yongquan Wang, Wenming Zhou, Yang Liu, Jinyang Li, Long Gu","doi":"10.1063/5.0228761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0228761","url":null,"abstract":"This study developed and validated an adaptive treatment control system based on affine transformation for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy. Accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy is a form of targeted radiotherapy that uses boron-10 to label tumor cells. When these boron-rich cells interact with neutrons, they produce high-linear energy transfer alpha particles and lithium-7 particles, effectively destroying the tumor cells with precision. The newly developed treatment control system integrates real-time stereoscopic x-ray imaging technology, enabling dynamic adjustments to the treatment plan by continuously monitoring changes in tumors and surrounding tissues. To optimize treatment accuracy, the system employs an affine transformation algorithm, ensuring precise dose delivery and accurate patient positioning. Positioning test results demonstrate that the system excels in its core functionality of ensuring patient positioning accuracy, significantly improving treatment adaptability while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. In addition, the study introduces the accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy device independently designed and constructed by Lanzhou University. This includes a detailed description of the system's architecture, algorithms, and the principles behind its safety interlock functions. Spatial positioning tests of the device confirmed its high overall positioning accuracy, validating the system's reliability and highlighting its potential for broader applications in cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical prechamber-equipped high-pressure large-bore optical combustor for fundamental combustion studies.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0245692

Daipayan Sen, Sayan Biswas

{"title":"Optical prechamber-equipped high-pressure large-bore optical combustor for fundamental combustion studies.","authors":"Daipayan Sen, Sayan Biswas","doi":"10.1063/5.0245692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0245692","url":null,"abstract":"An optically accessible prechamber-equipped constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) has been designed and installed at the University of Minnesota to investigate turbulent jet ignition and reacting flows. The CVCC features an optically accessible windowed prechamber, allowing the extensive study of the combustion physics inside the prechamber. The prechamber is also modular, allowing multiple internal geometries and nozzle configurations. Two pairs of optical windows in the main combustion chamber, along with a bottom window axisymmetrically viewing the prechamber nozzle, provide exceptional optical accessibility. Optical techniques such as schlieren imaging and chemiluminescence, along with laser diagnostics, can be employed to gain a fundamental understanding of turbulent jet ignition chemistry. The CVCC is designed to withstand a maximum combustion pressure of 100 bars. Multiple standardized and custom ports on the main chamber allow various fueling techniques and sensor integration. The performance and reliability of the CVCC were demonstrated through prechamber and main chamber visualization studies of nanosecond spark-assisted turbulent jet ignition. The optically accessible prechamber-CVCC setup, therefore, provides a platform for highly detailed combustion analysis.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viscosity of high temperature liquids via passive microrheology.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0250875

H Bland, A Bataller

{"title":"Viscosity of high temperature liquids via passive microrheology.","authors":"H Bland, A Bataller","doi":"10.1063/5.0250875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0250875","url":null,"abstract":"An instrument employing passive microrheology has been developed for measuring the viscosity of liquids at high temperatures. The viscometer features a dark-field optical microscope, a custom high temperature laser transmission furnace, and flame-sealed capillaries containing microsphere suspensions of test liquids. The Brownian trajectories of individual microspheres were captured in long image sequences and analyzed for their mean square displacement, which provides viscosity via the Stokes-Einstein-Sutherland relation. The viscometer was validated at room temperature with glycerol-water mixtures and at high temperature with water and molten nitrate salt. The measured viscosity was in good agreement with the literature values of each liquid across all temperatures studied (20-450 °C). The measured diffusion coefficient and liquid viscosity achieved <1% and 2%-3.3% uncertainty, respectively, where the latter was limited by the coefficient of variation of the microsphere size distribution. The viscometer could reach temperatures of up to 760 °C, <1 mL sample sizes, high throughput capability with ≈1 min acquisition time, and low cost sample vessels. Importantly, the viscometer recovers the dynamic viscosity without requiring knowledge of either material properties nor a calibration liquid.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cascade-E-Yolov5s network for recognizing the ulcerative lesion subtypes in small intestinal.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0235668

Xudong Guo, Liying Pang, Lei Xu, Huiyun Zhu, Yiqi Du

{"title":"Cascade-E-Yolov5s network for recognizing the ulcerative lesion subtypes in small intestinal.","authors":"Xudong Guo, Liying Pang, Lei Xu, Huiyun Zhu, Yiqi Du","doi":"10.1063/5.0235668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0235668","url":null,"abstract":"In endoscopy, accurately diagnosing small intestinal ulcers presents significant challenges due to the complex morphology, varying number, and extensive distribution of the lesions, which contribute to a reduced accuracy in immediate diagnosis. The definitive diagnosis typically relies on pathological analysis, laboratory investigations, and prolonged follow-up, often leading to diagnostic delays. This study introduces the Cascade-E-Yolov5s network, designed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of immediate ulcer diagnosis by intelligently identifying ulcer subtypes. The Cascade-E-Yolov5s network integrates EfficientNet for the classification of ulcer lesion images and SimAM-Yolov5s for detecting lesions on these classified images. In the SimAM-Yolov5s component, EfficientNet replaces the traditional backbone structure of Yolov5s, and enhancements such as the SIoU loss function and a simple, parameter-free attention module are incorporated to optimize model performance. The study utilized a dataset comprising 4909 ulcer images from 684 patients at Shanghai Changhai Hospital, encompassing four ulcer types: cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis, non-specific ulcer, small intestinal tuberculosis, and Crohn's disease. The experimental findings indicate that Cascade-E-Yolov5s surpasses conventional detection networks, achieving an average detection precision of 86.46% and a mean average precision at the IoU of 0.5 (mAP@0.5) of 82.20%. This model notably enhances the detection efficiency of small intestinal ulcer subtypes, thereby assisting clinicians in making more precise immediate diagnoses.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-range spin wave imaging with nitrogen vacancy centers and time resolved magneto-optical measurements.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0243762

Carolina Lüthi, Lukas Colombo, Franz Vilsmeier, Christian Back

引用次数: 0

3D-printed fixture for capacitance measurements of very low permittivity dielectrics.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0253674

Tali Pechersky Savich, Maxim Varenik, Ellen Wachtel, Guy Lazovski, Igor Lubomirsky, David Ehre

{"title":"3D-printed fixture for capacitance measurements of very low permittivity dielectrics.","authors":"Tali Pechersky Savich, Maxim Varenik, Ellen Wachtel, Guy Lazovski, Igor Lubomirsky, David Ehre","doi":"10.1063/5.0253674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0253674","url":null,"abstract":"The significant increase in the density of modern integrated circuits (ICs) introduces technological challenges, including in-line parasitic capacitance, which can lead to interactions extending beyond the intended electrical architecture. Extensive research has therefore been conducted on developing novel, low dielectric permittivity (ɛr < 2) materials for IC interlayer coatings. A potentially successful approach is that of introducing porosity into common substrate materials; for example, nanoporous silica aerogels are promising candidates as low permittivity dielectrics. However, accurately measuring the dielectric permittivity of materials is particularly difficult when sample capacitance is low, thereby impeding rapid surveying and optimization of material compositions. In this article, we describe a 3D-printed polymer fixture that simplifies the measurement of low dielectric permittivity via impedance measurements, while the parasitic capacitance of the measuring system itself is maintained at an acceptably low level. To characterize our polymer fixture, we have successfully measured the relative dielectric permittivity of dry nitrogen, dry oxygen, dry helium, and amorphous SiO2 wafers in the very low frequency (VLF) range, 10-27 kHz. Systems that operate in the VLF range include (i) circuits for biological signal processing, characterized by low amplitude and frequency, and (ii) circuits that operate in marine environments, where the frequency range is limited by acoustic signal deterioration. SiO2-based aerogel has the potential to replace the conventional dielectric SiO2 due to its lower relative dielectric permittivity, high dielectric strength, and good gap-fill capabilities. 3D-printing enables the impedance measurement fixture to be highly adaptable, readily adjusted to various size samples and tailored for specific purposes.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of density measurement at high pressure and high temperature using the x-ray absorption method combined with laser-heated diamond anvil cell.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223133

Hidenori Terasaki, Hiroyuki Kamina, Saori I Kawaguchi, Tadashi Kondo, Ko Morioka, Ryo Tsuruoka, Moe Sakurai, Akira Yoneda, Seiji Kamada, Naohisa Hirao

{"title":"Development of density measurement at high pressure and high temperature using the x-ray absorption method combined with laser-heated diamond anvil cell.","authors":"Hidenori Terasaki, Hiroyuki Kamina, Saori I Kawaguchi, Tadashi Kondo, Ko Morioka, Ryo Tsuruoka, Moe Sakurai, Akira Yoneda, Seiji Kamada, Naohisa Hirao","doi":"10.1063/5.0223133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0223133","url":null,"abstract":"The densities of liquid materials at high pressures and high temperatures are important information to understand the elastic behavior of liquids at extreme conditions, which is closely related to the formation and evolution processes of the Earth and planetary interiors. The x-ray absorption method is an effective method to measure the density of non-crystalline materials at high pressures. However, the temperature condition of the x-ray absorption method using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) has been limited to 720 K to date. To significantly expand the measurable temperature condition of this method, in this study, we developed a density measurement technique using the x-ray absorption method in combination with a laser-heated DAC. The density of solid Ni was measured up to 26 GPa and 1800 K using the x-ray absorption method and evaluated by comparison with the density obtained from the x-ray diffraction. The density of solid Ni with a thickness >17 μm was determined with an accuracy of 0.01%-2.2% (0.001-0.20 g/cm3) and a precision of 0.8%-1.8% (0.07-0.16 g/cm3) in the x-ray absorption method. The density of liquid Ni was also determined to be 8.70 ± 0.15-8.98 ± 0.38 g/cm3 at 16-23 GPa and 2230-2480 K. Consequently, the temperature limit of the x-ray absorption method can be expanded from 720 to 2480 K by combining it with a laser-heated DAC in this study.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preface to the Proceedings of the 25th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0261011

Theodore M Biewer

引用次数: 0

Design of a hybrid transmission line diplexer for millimeter-wave measurement systems.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0251607

Zhong-Hao Zuo, Wen-Cong Xu

{"title":"Design of a hybrid transmission line diplexer for millimeter-wave measurement systems.","authors":"Zhong-Hao Zuo, Wen-Cong Xu","doi":"10.1063/5.0251607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0251607","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel high-performance millimeter-wave diplexer, engineered using a suspended microstrip line and rectangular waveguide, achieving operational bandwidths spanning DC to 40 and 70-110 GHz. The low-pass filter section features a tunable compact microstrip resonant cell based on elliptic filter technology, significantly enhancing transition band suppression. The ability to adjust transition bandwidth and suppression performance through modifications of open-circuit stubs exemplifies the filter's tunability. Distinct from traditional millimeter-wave diplexers, this design incorporates low insertion loss, excellent return loss, and high isolation while offering reconfigurability. This reconfigurability makes the diplexer adaptable for constructing various millimeter-wave applications, including mixers, providing a versatile platform for future technology integrations. The simulation results demonstrate that the diplexer achieves an insertion loss of less than 0.5 dB, a return loss greater than 15 dB, and isolation exceeding 40 dB. In addition, it has a fractional bandwidth exceeding 48.7%, making it suitable for advanced millimeter-wave communication systems and meeting the rigorous standards required for modern diplexer implementations.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Online photoelectron current spectroscopy of metal powder at atmospheric pressure.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0243840

Shukang Zhang, Alfred P Weber

{"title":"Online photoelectron current spectroscopy of metal powder at atmospheric pressure.","authors":"Shukang Zhang, Alfred P Weber","doi":"10.1063/5.0243840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0243840","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new setup to measure the work function of metal powders and bulk materials, called Powder Photoelectron Current Spectroscopy (PPCS) at atmospheric pressure. This setup, which works in different gas compositions under atmospheric pressure and at room temperature, was developed for the online analysis of the oxidation state of metal powders used in the oxygen-free production, where all processes take place in a controlled environment at extremely low oxygen levels. The PPCS method can refer to many advantages, such as being quick, relatively inexpensive compared with UHV systems, and easy to use, also compatible with small amount of powders (≈1 mg). In this work, fundamental issues of the technique were investigated. In particular, for Cu powder with diameters ranging from 4 to 180 μm, it is shown that the size distribution of the particles does not affect the determination of the work function. In addition, an applied electric field for more efficient removal of the photoemitted electrons does hardly influence the measured work function, i.e., Schottky effects remain negligible. In agreement with the literature, a thin oxide layer on the surface of metal particles leads to a shift of the work function by about 0.5 eV. For instance, the work function of pure Cu plate is 4.5 ± 0.07 eV, while an oxide layer exhibits a WF of 5.15 ± 0.105 eV corresponding to Cu2O [Olszok et al., Aerosol Sci. Technol. 58, 54-69 (2024)].","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0