Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第3页

Microwave thermal imaging system for debonding detection of radar absorbing materials.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0235306

Yihang Tu, Ziqiao Tang, Yang Qiu, Beibei Wang

{"title":"Microwave thermal imaging system for debonding detection of radar absorbing materials.","authors":"Yihang Tu, Ziqiao Tang, Yang Qiu, Beibei Wang","doi":"10.1063/5.0235306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0235306","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a microwave thermal imaging system (MTIS) has been presented for debonding detection of radar absorbing materials (RAMs). First, an overview of the mechanism underlying microwave heating and the fundamental principle of defect detection within RAMs is presented. Then, a multifunctional MTIS capable of performing both microwave lock-in thermography (MLIT) and long-pulse microwave thermography (LPMT) has been introduced, specifically tailored for the in situ inspection of RAMs. In addition, in this system, the detection area for a single scan is 90 * 90 mm2, with the emission source operating at a frequency of 5.8 GHz and boasting a maximum output power of 20 W. Next, based on MTIS, the above-mentioned two thermography techniques are applied to detect defects in RAMs. In addition, thermal contrast (Tc) and signal-to-noise ratio are introduced for the analysis of imaging results. Finally, the results show that LPMT can be used for preliminary detection of debonding defects in RAMs, while MLIT can be further used for detailed detection of debonding defects in RAMs. In addition, the minimum detection time of this MTIS is 45 s, and the minimum detectable defect aperture is 3 mm.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On-machine separation and compensation of target mirror's surface shape errors in multidimensional interferometric measurement system.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0232489

Zuyang Zhang, Qiangxian Huang, Jun Lu, Hongli Li, Rongjun Cheng, Liansheng Zhang

{"title":"On-machine separation and compensation of target mirror's surface shape errors in multidimensional interferometric measurement system.","authors":"Zuyang Zhang, Qiangxian Huang, Jun Lu, Hongli Li, Rongjun Cheng, Liansheng Zhang","doi":"10.1063/5.0232489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0232489","url":null,"abstract":"In multi-dimensional nanopositioning and nanomeasuring devices, interference measurement is widely used. The three-dimensional (3D) target mirror serves as the spatial reference plane to achieve multidimensional interference measurements. However, the surface shape errors of the target mirror are superimposed on the geometric dimensions of the measured workpiece, which limits the system's overall measurement accuracy. This paper proposes a method for on-machine separation and compensation of the target mirror's surface shape errors based on the micro-nano-coordinate measuring machine (MNCMM) that employs interference measurement. This method provides the model for the separation and compensation of the surface shape errors. The MNCMM employs a home-made resonant probe and a reference flat crystal to achieve the separation experiment. Subsequently, an interpolation algorithm is used to compensate for the surface shape errors at any point in space according to the compensation model. By comparing the flatness measurement results of a standard flat crystal with a flatness of 50 nm before and after compensation, the flatness is reduced from 175 to 77 nm. It demonstrates the reliability of the method. This method can be widely applied to on-machine compensation for surface shape errors in multidimensional interference measurement systems.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The passive core snubber based on Fe-based amorphous alloy for -400 kV negative ion based neutral beam injector of comprehensive research facility for fusion technology.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0217637

Bo Liu, Zhimin Liu, Caichao Jiang, Sheng Liu, Junjun Pan, Shiyong Chen, Wei Wei, Wei Liu, Yuanlai Xie

{"title":"The passive core snubber based on Fe-based amorphous alloy for -400 kV negative ion based neutral beam injector of comprehensive research facility for fusion technology.","authors":"Bo Liu, Zhimin Liu, Caichao Jiang, Sheng Liu, Junjun Pan, Shiyong Chen, Wei Wei, Wei Liu, Yuanlai Xie","doi":"10.1063/5.0217637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0217637","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) is a technology development and validation platform for fusion technology in China. Neutral beam injection is one of the most important auxiliary heating and current drive methods in magnetically confined controlled fusion. Consequently, a negative ion based neutral beam injector (NNBI) testing facility with a beam energy of 400 keV is being developed in CRAFT. The core snubber, which provides an equivalent parallel resistance and inductance, will be used as the main surge suppression method for the CRAFT NNBI power supply system. In this paper, a core snubber for CRAFT NNBI based on Fe-based amorphous alloy is designed. The transmission line resistance, inductance, and capacitance of the high-voltage circuit have been considered during the design process. The snubber is made thin and long for even weight distribution while ensuring choke capacity. One of the snubber units was tested on the test bench. The test results indicate that the choke capacity of the snubber meets the requirement and can achieve significant suppression of peak ignition current and oscillation.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a 300 kV/3 kHz nanosecond pulse generator using semiconductor opening switches.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223667

Yu-Hao Chen, Jie Yang, Yan-Zhao Xie

{"title":"Development of a 300 kV/3 kHz nanosecond pulse generator using semiconductor opening switches.","authors":"Yu-Hao Chen, Jie Yang, Yan-Zhao Xie","doi":"10.1063/5.0223667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0223667","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the development of a nanosecond pulse generator utilizing semiconductor opening switches (SOS), designed to deliver high voltage and operate at a high repetitive frequency. The pulse generator comprises three main components: a primary charging unit, a magnetic pulse compression unit, and an SOS magnification unit. To ensure stable operation of the high-power charging unit at high repetitive frequencies, a rectifying resonant charging and energy recovery circuit are implemented, providing a 1 kV charging voltage at a 3 kHz repetition rate. The three-stage magnetic pulse compression is designed to reduce the pulse width from tens of microseconds to tens of nanoseconds, where self-demagnetization could be completed during repetitive frequency operation. To achieve an output voltage of 300 kV, multiple SOS switches are employed in a series. The developed pulse generator achieves a final output of 300 kV with a 3 kHz repetitive frequency under a load of 2 kΩ. Furthermore, the effects of multiple factors on the output performance are characterized by both simulation and measurement for a comprehensive analysis.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement and characterization of internal delamination defects in CFRP based on line laser thermography frequency domain analysis.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0238062

Yu Fu, Guangyu Zhou, Zhijie Zhang, Wuliang Yin

{"title":"Measurement and characterization of internal delamination defects in CFRP based on line laser thermography frequency domain analysis.","authors":"Yu Fu, Guangyu Zhou, Zhijie Zhang, Wuliang Yin","doi":"10.1063/5.0238062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0238062","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are widely used in fields such as aviation and aerospace. However, subtle defects can significantly impact the material's service life, making defect detection a critical priority. In this paper, delamination defects in CFRP are detected using line laser infrared thermography, and a defect characterization algorithm that combines differential thermography with a frequency-domain filter is proposed. This approach effectively eliminates the trailing phenomenon caused by line laser scanning and produces defect feature images with a higher signal-to-noise ratio. The size of the processed defects is then measured using pixel deviation values combined with K-means edge detection. The results show that the measured dimensions of defects are larger than the actual dimensions at the initial stage of cooling after excitation and smaller than the actual dimensions at the end of the cooling phase. The maximum measurement error for defect size was 2.74 mm2 throughout the measurement interval. In addition, defect depth evaluation was achieved by fitting the curve of defect depth against the peak value in the frequency domain, with the resultant R-square value were all higher than 0.9877. This confirms the validity and accuracy of the methodology used in this study.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A multi-molecular beam/infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy apparatus for probing mechanisms and kinetics of heterogeneously catalyzed reaction from ultrahigh vacuum to near-ambient pressure conditions.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0237747

Carsten Schröder, Philipp A Haugg, Timo Görgens, Sergej Romaker, Henrik Gross, Swetlana Schauermann

{"title":"A multi-molecular beam/infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy apparatus for probing mechanisms and kinetics of heterogeneously catalyzed reaction from ultrahigh vacuum to near-ambient pressure conditions.","authors":"Carsten Schröder, Philipp A Haugg, Timo Görgens, Sergej Romaker, Henrik Gross, Swetlana Schauermann","doi":"10.1063/5.0237747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0237747","url":null,"abstract":"A novel multi-molecular beam/infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) apparatus is described, which was constructed for studying mechanisms and kinetics of heterogeneously catalyzed reactions following a rigorous surface science approach in the pressure range from ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, 1 × 10-10 mbar) to near-ambient pressure (NAP, 1000 mbar) conditions. The apparatus comprises a preparation chamber equipped with standard surface science tools required for the preparation and characterization of model heterogeneous catalysts and two reaction chambers operating at different pressure ranges: in UHV and in the variable pressure range up to NAP conditions. The UHV reaction chamber contains two effusive molecular beams (flux up to 1.1 × 1015 molecules cm-2 s-1), a quadrupole mass spectrometer, a Fourier-Transform (FT) IRA spectrometer, and a molecular beam monitor for beam aligning. This combination of the methods allows us to independently dose different reactants on the surface in a highly controlled way while simultaneously monitoring the evolution of gaseous products by QMS and recording the evolution of the surface species by FT-IRAS. The second reaction chamber operating in the variable pressure range is equipped with polarization-modulation-IRAS and three gas dosers and is designed as a small reactor, which can be operated in a continuous flow mode. The sample prepared under well-controlled UHV conditions can be in situ transferred between all chambers, thus allowing for investigations of structure-reactivity relationships over model surfaces. In this contribution, we provide a detailed description of the apparatus and the test measurements of the different crucial parts of the apparatus in the variable pressure range.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Broadband coherent Fourier scatterometry: A two-pulse approach.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0226043

T A van der Sijs, J Rafighdoost, L Siaudinyte, H P Urbach, S F Pereira, O El Gawhary

引用次数: 0

Implementation of simultaneous ultraviolet/visible and x-ray absorption spectroscopy with microfluidics.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218572

Olivia McCubbin Stepanic, Christopher J Pollock, Kara A Zielinski, William Foschi, Derek B Rice, Lois Pollack, Serena DeBeer

{"title":"Implementation of simultaneous ultraviolet/visible and x-ray absorption spectroscopy with microfluidics.","authors":"Olivia McCubbin Stepanic, Christopher J Pollock, Kara A Zielinski, William Foschi, Derek B Rice, Lois Pollack, Serena DeBeer","doi":"10.1063/5.0218572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0218572","url":null,"abstract":"X-ray spectroscopies are uniquely poised to describe the geometric and electronic structure of metalloenzyme active sites under a wide variety of sample conditions. UV/Vis (ultraviolet/visible) spectroscopy is a similarly well-established technique that can identify and quantify catalytic intermediates. The work described here reports the first simultaneous collection of full in situ UV/Vis and high-energy resolution fluorescence detected x-ray absorption spectra. Implementation of a fiber optic UV/Vis spectrometer and parabolic mirror setup inside the dual array valence emission spectrometer allowing for simultaneous measurement of microfluidic flow and mixing samples at the Photon-In Photon-Out X-ray Spectroscopy beamline is described, and initial results on ferricyanide and a dilute iron protein are presented. In conjunction with advanced microfluidic mixing techniques, this will allow for the measurement and quantification of highly reactive catalytic intermediates at reaction-relevant temperatures on the millisecond timescale while avoiding potential complications induced by freeze quenching samples.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of a flat-type piezoelectric motor using in-plane vibrations.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219784

Chong Li, Cunyue Lu

{"title":"Investigation of a flat-type piezoelectric motor using in-plane vibrations.","authors":"Chong Li, Cunyue Lu","doi":"10.1063/5.0219784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219784","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a flat-type piezoelectric motor utilizing in-plane vibration modes. Two piezoelectric ceramic plates in combination with a brass metal sheet were used to construct the stator. The superposition of two second order in-plane vibration modes can generate a traveling-wave inside the stator. The greatest advantage of the proposed motor lies in its sheet structure configuration, which significantly reduces the overall size of piezoelectric motors exploiting in-plane vibrations, particularly in terms of thickness. Meanwhile, the stator also demonstrates greater vibration displacements when compared to higher-order operating modes. Through discussing the impact of stator structure parameters on the vibration deflection angle θ, the excitation ways of operating modes were investigated. Subsequently, the finite element method was utilized to explore both the static and dynamic vibration properties of the stator. Simulation results suggest that at a steady state, stator driving points achieve vibrations at the micro-meter level, satisfying actual application requirements. Finally, a prototype motor was fabricated. Driven by two-phase alternating voltage with a frequency of 69.4 kHz, the no-load speed and stall torque of the prototype motor are 52 rpm and 3.2 mN m, respectively.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MEMS infrared light source stress optimization and reliable package design.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0230236

Xuesong Teng, Shenglin Yu, Cun Fang

{"title":"MEMS infrared light source stress optimization and reliable package design.","authors":"Xuesong Teng, Shenglin Yu, Cun Fang","doi":"10.1063/5.0230236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0230236","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the effects caused by stress and deformation on Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) sensors, the stress distribution in the radiation area of the MEMS infrared light source is investigated, and by simulating and optimizing the thickness of the composite support film of the chip structure in COMSOL, a film layer thickness matching with lower stress and deformation for the MEMS infrared light source is derived. The utilization of the particle swarm algorithm and backpropagation neural network model allowed for the optimization of simulation data, enabling regression prediction over a broader range of thicknesses and providing a more precise depiction of the stress distribution trend. In addition, the specifications of the MEMS device help us to analyze the design of the support film thickness in the processing of the residual stress within the controllable range. To ensure the long-term stability and functionality of MEMS infrared light source chips in harsh environments, a comprehensive set of packaging schemes has been devised. Through simulations, it has been demonstrated that these packaging schemes effectively enhance the thermal efficiency of the light source while mitigating thermal stress and deformation that may arise during its operation. Consequently, this packaged configuration proves to be more advantageous for the sensor's normal operation under challenging conditions such as rain and temperature fluctuations, as compared to utilizing a bare chip. Finally, the manufacturing flow and layout design for the MEMS infrared light source chip are provided to guide the process of chip fabrication.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0