Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第3页

Measurement of Stark-split beam and carbon charge exchange emissions for simultaneous B-field and temperature/rotation analysis at DIII-D 测量斯塔克分裂光束和碳电荷交换发射，以便在 DIII-D 同步进行 B 场和温度/旋转分析

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219534

R. Albosta, B. Geiger, G. McKee, O. Marchuk, T. Gallenberger, F. Khabanov, D. Den Hartog

{"title":"Measurement of Stark-split beam and carbon charge exchange emissions for simultaneous B-field and temperature/rotation analysis at DIII-D","authors":"R. Albosta, B. Geiger, G. McKee, O. Marchuk, T. Gallenberger, F. Khabanov, D. Den Hartog","doi":"10.1063/5.0219534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219534","url":null,"abstract":"A set of two newly designed, single-channel Czerny–Turner spectrometers has been deployed at the DIII-D tokamak for measurements of the motional Stark effect (MSE) split beam emission and the C6+ (CVI) carbon charge exchange recombination (CER) emission at high spectral (δλ = 0.13 nm) and temporal (1–5 kHz) resolution. High throughput optics (f/# = 2.8) allow for good signal-to-noise at high time resolution using fast EMCCD detectors. The MSE emission allows for spectral fitting of the magnitude and direction of the local B-field, while the carbon emission yields local ion temperature and toroidal rotation information. To reduce so-called Doppler broadening of the MSE emission, a new channel-specific variable lens-masking approach has been developed. Experimental data collected from the 2023 DIII-D experimental campaign demonstrate the signal quality and instrument fidelity for both diagnostic measurements. Moreover, initial CER data analysis shows a clear evolution of the toroidal rotation during edge localized modes. Initial progress on the advanced MSE model, including a new validated ray-trace model of the DIII-D collection optics, is shown via sensitivity analysis.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved Foucault method with double-shoot shadow grams in optical shop testing 在光学车间测试中使用双射影克的改进型傅科方法

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222121

Xiang Hua, Jianqiang Zhu, Zhaoyang Jiao

引用次数: 0

Intrinsic fluence non-uniformity in D3He backlit proton radiography D3He 背光质子射线成像中的内在通量不均匀性

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1063/5.0215506

T. M. Johnson, J. Shan, R. Kishimori, M. J. Cufari, P. J. Adrian, B. Buschmann, C. W. Chang, S. G. Dannhoff, A. DeVault, T. E. Evans, B. Foo, J. H. Kunimune, Y. Lawrence, J. A. Pearcy, B. L. Reichelt, L. Russell, G. D. Sutcliffe, N. L. Vanderloo, J. Vargas, C. Wink, M. Gatu Johnson, F. H. Séguin, R. D. Petrasso, J. A. Frenje, C. K. Li

{"title":"Intrinsic fluence non-uniformity in D3He backlit proton radiography","authors":"T. M. Johnson, J. Shan, R. Kishimori, M. J. Cufari, P. J. Adrian, B. Buschmann, C. W. Chang, S. G. Dannhoff, A. DeVault, T. E. Evans, B. Foo, J. H. Kunimune, Y. Lawrence, J. A. Pearcy, B. L. Reichelt, L. Russell, G. D. Sutcliffe, N. L. Vanderloo, J. Vargas, C. Wink, M. Gatu Johnson, F. H. Séguin, R. D. Petrasso, J. A. Frenje, C. K. Li","doi":"10.1063/5.0215506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0215506","url":null,"abstract":"Proton radiography is an essential diagnostic for studying magnetic fields in high energy density physics experiments. Protons are born in a fusion implosion, traverse the plasma, and are detected on CR-39 solid state nuclear track detectors. Here, it is shown that there is an intrinsic non-uniformity in ∼15 MeV D3He proton radiography data. The increasing angle between the proton trajectory and the center of the detector results in the proton traveling through more detector stack material. As the protons travel through more material and lose energy, the proton energy spectrum gets wider. Protons at the lower end of the spectrum can therefore be lost. The nominal filtering results in protons being ranged out at large angles, causing the intrinsic non-uniformity. This angular effect is confirmed with both OMEGA experiments and Geant4 simulations. It is found that reducing the filtering between the pieces of CR-39 in the detector stack mitigates this effect. Results from accelerator experiments show that this reduced filtering does not impact the detection efficiency of the CR-39. Accounting for this intrinsic fluence non-uniformity is essential for magnetic field reconstruction techniques using proton radiographs.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frontier system-on-chip (SoC) technology for microwave diagnostics (invited) 用于微波诊断的前沿片上系统 (SoC) 技术（特邀）

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219545

Ying Chen, Pin-Jung Chen, Robert Hu, Yilun Zhu, Jo-Han Yu, A.-V. Pham, Omeed Momeni, Calvin Domier, Jon Dannenberg, Xiaoliang Li, Guanying Yu, Neville Luhmann

{"title":"Frontier system-on-chip (SoC) technology for microwave diagnostics (invited)","authors":"Ying Chen, Pin-Jung Chen, Robert Hu, Yilun Zhu, Jo-Han Yu, A.-V. Pham, Omeed Momeni, Calvin Domier, Jon Dannenberg, Xiaoliang Li, Guanying Yu, Neville Luhmann","doi":"10.1063/5.0219545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219545","url":null,"abstract":"The next generation of fusion reactors, exemplified by projects such as the Demonstration Power Plant following the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, faces the monumental challenge of proving the viability of generating electricity through thermonuclear fusion. This pursuit introduces heightened complexities in diagnostic methodologies, particularly in microwave-based diagnostics. The increased neutron fluence necessitates significant reductions in vessel penetrations and the elimination of internal diagnostics, posing substantial challenges. SoC technology offers a promising solution by enabling the miniaturization, modularization, integration, and enhancing the reliability of microwave systems. After seven years of research, our team successfully pioneered the V- and W-band system-on-chip approach, leading to the development of active transmitters and passive receiver modules applied in practical settings, notably within the DIII-D tokamak project. Arrays of these modules have supported microwave imaging diagnostics. New physics measurement results from the Electron Cyclotron Emission Imaging system on DIII-D provide compelling evidence of improved diagnostics following the adoption of SoC technology. Furthermore, we achieved a breakthrough in developing an F-band SoC, advancing higher frequency capabilities for fusion devices. These achievements represent a significant leap forward in fusion diagnostic technology, marking substantial progress toward establishing reliable and efficient plasma diagnostics for future fusion reactors.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fabrication and high-power testing of an X-band high-power phase shifter for the very compact inverse Compton scattering gamma-ray source 用于超小型反康普顿散射伽马射线源的 X 波段大功率移相器的制造和大功率测试

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1063/5.0221123

Fangjun Hu, Hao Zha, Jiaru Shi, Qiang Gao, Focheng Liu, Jian Gao, Boyuan Feng, Hongyu Li, Qingzhu Li, Weihang Gu, Huaibi Chen

{"title":"Fabrication and high-power testing of an X-band high-power phase shifter for the very compact inverse Compton scattering gamma-ray source","authors":"Fangjun Hu, Hao Zha, Jiaru Shi, Qiang Gao, Focheng Liu, Jian Gao, Boyuan Feng, Hongyu Li, Qingzhu Li, Weihang Gu, Huaibi Chen","doi":"10.1063/5.0221123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0221123","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposed an X-band phase shifter for the very compact inverse Compton scattering gamma-ray source program at Tsinghua University and conducted its structure design, numerical simulation, fabrication, cold test, and high-power testing. This phase shifter is composed of a polarizer, circular waveguide, and a piston with a choke structure. The simulation results show that the reflection coefficient of the phase shifter is under −40 dB and the insertion coefficient exceeds −0.06 dB at the operating frequency of 11.424 GHz. The phase variation is 20°/mm, and a linear phase change from 0° to 360° can be achieved with a piston displacement of 18 mm. The manufactured phase shifter has exhibited good performance in the cold test by using the vector network analyzer. After 16 h conditioning in the Tsinghua X-band high-power test stand, the phase shifter reached a peak power of 72 MW at 230 ns pulse width and a peak power of 82 MW at 130 ns pulse width. After processing signals from the high-speed oscilloscope, it was found that the transmission phase variations were in good agreement with the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new experiment to enable rapid systematic investigations of flux trapping dynamics for superconducting radio-frequency cavity applications 为超导射频空腔应用快速系统研究通量捕获动力学的新实验

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1063/5.0202546

F. Kramer, S. Keckert, O. Kugeler, J. Knobloch

{"title":"A new experiment to enable rapid systematic investigations of flux trapping dynamics for superconducting radio-frequency cavity applications","authors":"F. Kramer, S. Keckert, O. Kugeler, J. Knobloch","doi":"10.1063/5.0202546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0202546","url":null,"abstract":"Many modern accelerators rely on superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities to accelerate particles. When these cavities are cooled to the superconducting state, a fraction of the ambient magnetic field (e.g., Earth’s magnetic field) may be trapped in the superconductor. This trapped flux can significantly increase the power dissipation of the SRF cavities. It is, therefore, crucial to understand the underlying mechanism of how magnetic flux is trapped and what treatments and operating conditions can reduce the flux-trapping efficiency. A new experiment was designed that enables a systemic investigation of flux trapping. It allows for independent control of cooldown conditions, which might have an influence on flux trapping: temperature gradient across the superconductor during cooldown, cooldown rate, and ambient magnetic field. For exhaustive studies, the setup was designed for quick thermal cycling, permitting up to 300 superconducting transitions in one day. In this paper, the setup and operation is described in detail and an estimation of the measurement errors is given. Exemplary data are presented to illustrate the efficacy of the system.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The first results of the hydrogen cyanide (HCN) interferometer measuring experimental research apparatus for electromagnetic science (ERAES) for hypersonic vehicle plasma in near space. 氰化氢（HCN）干涉仪测量近太空高超音速飞行器等离子体电磁科学实验研究装置（ERAES）的首批成果。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0215704

J B Zhang, H Q Liu, Y Zhang, X C Wei, J X Xie, S X Wang, H Lian, Y X Jie, L Q Hu

{"title":"The first results of the hydrogen cyanide (HCN) interferometer measuring experimental research apparatus for electromagnetic science (ERAES) for hypersonic vehicle plasma in near space.","authors":"J B Zhang, H Q Liu, Y Zhang, X C Wei, J X Xie, S X Wang, H Lian, Y X Jie, L Q Hu","doi":"10.1063/5.0215704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0215704","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of a plasma sheath on the surface of spacecraft or satellites during high-speed atmospheric entry is a significant factor that affects communication and radar detection. Experimental research apparatus for electromagnetic science can simulate this plasma sheath and study the interaction mechanisms between electromagnetic waves and plasma sheaths. Electron density is a crucial parameter for this research. Therefore, in this paper, a HCN heterodyne interferometer has been designed to measure the electron densities of the device, which range from 1 × 109 to 3 × 1013 cm-3 and the pressure ranges from 50 to 1500 Pa. The light source is a HCN laser with a wavelength of 337 µm, which exhibits higher spatial resolution compared to microwave interferometers. The interferometer is configured as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, which generates an intermediate frequency through the Doppler shift achieved by a rotating grating. The spatial and temporal resolution of the HCN interferometry reach ∼14 mm and 100 µs, respectively. Antenna-coupled ALGaN/GaN-HEMT detectors have been utilized, as they possess higher sensitivity-with a typical reduction factor responsivity of around 900 V/W-than VDI planar-diode Integrated Conical Horn Fundamental Mixers in HCN interferometry. Recently, the initial results of the HCN interferometer designed for ERAES have been obtained during an experimental campaign, demonstrating a phase resolution of up to 0.04π.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coherent mode and turbulence measurements with a fast camera. 利用快速相机进行相干模式和湍流测量。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219330

Gustavo E Bartolo, Sonu Yadav, Chloelle Fitz, Earl E Scime

引用次数: 0

Developing a robust sensor for infrared imaging bolometers. 为红外成像波长计开发坚固耐用的传感器。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219535

G A Wurden, G Partesotti, F Reimold, K Mukai, B J Peterson, F Federici

引用次数: 0

Multi-objective optimization of Stinger PDC cutter breaking rock parameters under intrusion-cutting action using Taguchi-based gray relational analysis. 利用基于田口的灰色关系分析法，对入侵切割作用下的 Stinger PDC 切割器破岩参数进行多目标优化。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0224824

Minsheng Wang, Senlin He, Chao Xiong, Heng Wang, Lingchao Xuan, Huaizhong Shi, Hualin Liao, Zhongwei Huang

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of Stinger PDC cutter breaking rock parameters under intrusion-cutting action using Taguchi-based gray relational analysis.","authors":"Minsheng Wang, Senlin He, Chao Xiong, Heng Wang, Lingchao Xuan, Huaizhong Shi, Hualin Liao, Zhongwei Huang","doi":"10.1063/5.0224824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0224824","url":null,"abstract":"To enhance the efficiency of the Stinger Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) cutter in breaking hard rocks, this study focuses on optimizing the cutter intrusion-cutting rock breaking parameters. A numerical calculation model for the rotational breaking of granite by a Stinger PDC cutter was established. A comprehensive statistical examination was performed to assess the influence of various factors on intrusion ability (IA), tangential force (TF), and mechanical specific energy (MSE). The Taguchi method was used to determine the optimal settings for each factor, while analysis of variance was employed to assess the significance and relative impact of these factors on the target outcomes. In addition, the multi-objective function was optimized using the gray relational analysis method. The primary process parameters obtained for the various performance characteristics are the cone top angle (α), the cone top radius (r), the cutter diameter (d), the cutter back inclination angle (β), and weight on bit (P). The impact ratios of these parameters are 6.20%, 7.66%, 3.93%, 17.20%, and 65.02%, respectively. The optimal geometrical parameters are α = 60°, r = 2 mm, and d = 15 mm, while the optimal working parameters are β = 30° and P = 800 N. In the optimal case, IA and MSE were reduced by 55.335% and 15.809%, respectively, compared to the initial case. Despite a 15.706% increase in TF, the overall GRG increased for all three evaluation criteria, with an overall increase in efficiency of 18.229%. The results of this paper can provide guidance for the design of Stinger cutter PDC drill bits.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0