Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第3页

3D-printed fixture for capacitance measurements of very low permittivity dielectrics.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0253674

Tali Pechersky Savich, Maxim Varenik, Ellen Wachtel, Guy Lazovski, Igor Lubomirsky, David Ehre

{"title":"3D-printed fixture for capacitance measurements of very low permittivity dielectrics.","authors":"Tali Pechersky Savich, Maxim Varenik, Ellen Wachtel, Guy Lazovski, Igor Lubomirsky, David Ehre","doi":"10.1063/5.0253674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0253674","url":null,"abstract":"The significant increase in the density of modern integrated circuits (ICs) introduces technological challenges, including in-line parasitic capacitance, which can lead to interactions extending beyond the intended electrical architecture. Extensive research has therefore been conducted on developing novel, low dielectric permittivity (ɛr < 2) materials for IC interlayer coatings. A potentially successful approach is that of introducing porosity into common substrate materials; for example, nanoporous silica aerogels are promising candidates as low permittivity dielectrics. However, accurately measuring the dielectric permittivity of materials is particularly difficult when sample capacitance is low, thereby impeding rapid surveying and optimization of material compositions. In this article, we describe a 3D-printed polymer fixture that simplifies the measurement of low dielectric permittivity via impedance measurements, while the parasitic capacitance of the measuring system itself is maintained at an acceptably low level. To characterize our polymer fixture, we have successfully measured the relative dielectric permittivity of dry nitrogen, dry oxygen, dry helium, and amorphous SiO2 wafers in the very low frequency (VLF) range, 10-27 kHz. Systems that operate in the VLF range include (i) circuits for biological signal processing, characterized by low amplitude and frequency, and (ii) circuits that operate in marine environments, where the frequency range is limited by acoustic signal deterioration. SiO2-based aerogel has the potential to replace the conventional dielectric SiO2 due to its lower relative dielectric permittivity, high dielectric strength, and good gap-fill capabilities. 3D-printing enables the impedance measurement fixture to be highly adaptable, readily adjusted to various size samples and tailored for specific purposes.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of density measurement at high pressure and high temperature using the x-ray absorption method combined with laser-heated diamond anvil cell.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223133

Hidenori Terasaki, Hiroyuki Kamina, Saori I Kawaguchi, Tadashi Kondo, Ko Morioka, Ryo Tsuruoka, Moe Sakurai, Akira Yoneda, Seiji Kamada, Naohisa Hirao

{"title":"Development of density measurement at high pressure and high temperature using the x-ray absorption method combined with laser-heated diamond anvil cell.","authors":"Hidenori Terasaki, Hiroyuki Kamina, Saori I Kawaguchi, Tadashi Kondo, Ko Morioka, Ryo Tsuruoka, Moe Sakurai, Akira Yoneda, Seiji Kamada, Naohisa Hirao","doi":"10.1063/5.0223133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0223133","url":null,"abstract":"The densities of liquid materials at high pressures and high temperatures are important information to understand the elastic behavior of liquids at extreme conditions, which is closely related to the formation and evolution processes of the Earth and planetary interiors. The x-ray absorption method is an effective method to measure the density of non-crystalline materials at high pressures. However, the temperature condition of the x-ray absorption method using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) has been limited to 720 K to date. To significantly expand the measurable temperature condition of this method, in this study, we developed a density measurement technique using the x-ray absorption method in combination with a laser-heated DAC. The density of solid Ni was measured up to 26 GPa and 1800 K using the x-ray absorption method and evaluated by comparison with the density obtained from the x-ray diffraction. The density of solid Ni with a thickness >17 μm was determined with an accuracy of 0.01%-2.2% (0.001-0.20 g/cm3) and a precision of 0.8%-1.8% (0.07-0.16 g/cm3) in the x-ray absorption method. The density of liquid Ni was also determined to be 8.70 ± 0.15-8.98 ± 0.38 g/cm3 at 16-23 GPa and 2230-2480 K. Consequently, the temperature limit of the x-ray absorption method can be expanded from 720 to 2480 K by combining it with a laser-heated DAC in this study.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preface to the Proceedings of the 25th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0261011

Theodore M Biewer

引用次数: 0

Design of a hybrid transmission line diplexer for millimeter-wave measurement systems.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0251607

Zhong-Hao Zuo, Wen-Cong Xu

{"title":"Design of a hybrid transmission line diplexer for millimeter-wave measurement systems.","authors":"Zhong-Hao Zuo, Wen-Cong Xu","doi":"10.1063/5.0251607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0251607","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel high-performance millimeter-wave diplexer, engineered using a suspended microstrip line and rectangular waveguide, achieving operational bandwidths spanning DC to 40 and 70-110 GHz. The low-pass filter section features a tunable compact microstrip resonant cell based on elliptic filter technology, significantly enhancing transition band suppression. The ability to adjust transition bandwidth and suppression performance through modifications of open-circuit stubs exemplifies the filter's tunability. Distinct from traditional millimeter-wave diplexers, this design incorporates low insertion loss, excellent return loss, and high isolation while offering reconfigurability. This reconfigurability makes the diplexer adaptable for constructing various millimeter-wave applications, including mixers, providing a versatile platform for future technology integrations. The simulation results demonstrate that the diplexer achieves an insertion loss of less than 0.5 dB, a return loss greater than 15 dB, and isolation exceeding 40 dB. In addition, it has a fractional bandwidth exceeding 48.7%, making it suitable for advanced millimeter-wave communication systems and meeting the rigorous standards required for modern diplexer implementations.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Online photoelectron current spectroscopy of metal powder at atmospheric pressure.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0243840

Shukang Zhang, Alfred P Weber

{"title":"Online photoelectron current spectroscopy of metal powder at atmospheric pressure.","authors":"Shukang Zhang, Alfred P Weber","doi":"10.1063/5.0243840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0243840","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new setup to measure the work function of metal powders and bulk materials, called Powder Photoelectron Current Spectroscopy (PPCS) at atmospheric pressure. This setup, which works in different gas compositions under atmospheric pressure and at room temperature, was developed for the online analysis of the oxidation state of metal powders used in the oxygen-free production, where all processes take place in a controlled environment at extremely low oxygen levels. The PPCS method can refer to many advantages, such as being quick, relatively inexpensive compared with UHV systems, and easy to use, also compatible with small amount of powders (≈1 mg). In this work, fundamental issues of the technique were investigated. In particular, for Cu powder with diameters ranging from 4 to 180 μm, it is shown that the size distribution of the particles does not affect the determination of the work function. In addition, an applied electric field for more efficient removal of the photoemitted electrons does hardly influence the measured work function, i.e., Schottky effects remain negligible. In agreement with the literature, a thin oxide layer on the surface of metal particles leads to a shift of the work function by about 0.5 eV. For instance, the work function of pure Cu plate is 4.5 ± 0.07 eV, while an oxide layer exhibits a WF of 5.15 ± 0.105 eV corresponding to Cu2O [Olszok et al., Aerosol Sci. Technol. 58, 54-69 (2024)].","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How to cleave cubic perovskite oxides.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0233747

Igor Sokolović, Michael Schmid, Ulrike Diebold, Martin Setvín

引用次数: 0

Optical design for the single crystal neutron diffractometer Pioneer.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0247408

Yaohua Liu, Peter Torres, Scott Dixon, Cameron Hart, Darian Kent, Anton Khaplanov, Bill McHargue, Kumar Mohindroo, Rudolf Thermer

{"title":"Optical design for the single crystal neutron diffractometer Pioneer.","authors":"Yaohua Liu, Peter Torres, Scott Dixon, Cameron Hart, Darian Kent, Anton Khaplanov, Bill McHargue, Kumar Mohindroo, Rudolf Thermer","doi":"10.1063/5.0247408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0247408","url":null,"abstract":"Pioneer is a single-crystal neutron diffractometer optimized for small-volume samples and weak signals at the Second Target Station at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This paper presents the preliminary optical design progress, focusing on the rationale behind key design choices. It covers the T0 and bandwidth disk choppers, guide and beam control system, incident-beam polarizer, scattering beam collimators, and additional strategies. The chopper locations are selected to maximize neutron transport while taking advantage of standardized shielding structures. To accommodate the maintenance shield, operational shutter, and polarizing V-cavity, the guide design includes significant gaps. When these optical components are moved out of the beam path, oversized collimators, rather than guides, will be translated in. Pioneer will utilize slit packages to control beam size and divergence and a translatable polarizing V-cavity. Absorbing panels are strategically placed near the end station to minimize background. An oscillating radial collimator, operating in a shift mode, will be used with the vertical cylindrical detector, while a fixed multi-cone collimator will be used with the bottom flat detector. These collimators will enable the detection of weak signals when complex sample environments are used.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minimizing read noise in liquid crystal x-ray detectors using particle-in-binder HgI2 layers.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0231219

Bong Gyu Rho, Sam Hak Baek, Young Suk An, Wei Lei, Se Yong Choi, Byung Seong Bae

引用次数: 0

In situ heating cell for temperature dependent transmission x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurement with a laboratory based spectrometer.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0253653

S Praetz, D Grötzsch, C Schlesiger, D Motz, M Würth, R Zimmermann, R Lucka, W Malzer, D Lützenkirchen-Hecht, F Renz, B Kanngießer

{"title":"In situ heating cell for temperature dependent transmission x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurement with a laboratory based spectrometer.","authors":"S Praetz, D Grötzsch, C Schlesiger, D Motz, M Würth, R Zimmermann, R Lucka, W Malzer, D Lützenkirchen-Hecht, F Renz, B Kanngießer","doi":"10.1063/5.0253653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0253653","url":null,"abstract":"For the investigation of spin crossover (SCO) complexes by x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements in the tender to hard x-ray regime, a transmission heating cell has been developed. Some SCO complexes show a spin transition at certain temperatures above room temperature (RT). To measure a reliable hysteresis curve, high temperature stability (preferably <0.5 °C) as well as minimal overheating of the setpoint temperatures (<1 °C) has been achieved. The cell is designed for use in our von Hámos XAS laboratory spectrometer. The SCO complex [Fe(bzimpy)2](ClO4)2 · 0.25H2O was investigated as a first proof-of-principle experiment. In situ measurements up to 250 °C were carried out, showing the characteristic spin transition of the SCO complex during heating. Further XAS measurements were conducted at beamline BL10 of the DELTA storage ring, which demonstrated the feasibility of in situ measurements during a continuous temperature ramp with our heating cell. The current temperature limit of the cell is 500 °C when used in vacuum. Hence, the cell can also be used for other sample systems, such as thermoelectric materials, which are frequently investigated in this temperature regime.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two-chamber gas target for laser-plasma electron source.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0226055

P Drobniak, E Baynard, A Beck, J Demailly, D Douillet, A Gonnin, G Iaquaniello, G Kane, S Kazamias, V Kubytskyi, M Lenivenko, N Lericheux, B Lucas, B Mercier, Y Peinaud, M Pittman, J Serhal, K Cassou

{"title":"Two-chamber gas target for laser-plasma electron source.","authors":"P Drobniak, E Baynard, A Beck, J Demailly, D Douillet, A Gonnin, G Iaquaniello, G Kane, S Kazamias, V Kubytskyi, M Lenivenko, N Lericheux, B Lucas, B Mercier, Y Peinaud, M Pittman, J Serhal, K Cassou","doi":"10.1063/5.0226055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0226055","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring novel target schemes for laser wakefield accelerators is essential to address the challenge of increasing repetition rates while ensuring the stability and quality of the produced electron beams. This paper introduces and discusses the prototyping of a two-chamber gas target, integrated into the beamline and operating under continuous gas flow, in the framework of ionization injection. We present the numerical fluid modeling employed to assist the density profile shaping, with a focus on gas mixing and dopant confinement. The importance of localized high-Z gas for ionization injection is demonstrated through particle-in-cell simulations using the simulated gas profiles. We describe the test bench used for prototype evaluation, specifically addressing the plasma electron density and the longitudinal distribution of species relevant to ionization injection. The lifetime of the target at 10 Hz and 60 mJ is measured for different materials, and its effect on the resulting electron beam is assessed using particle-in-cell simulations. Finally, we outline perspectives on high-power operation.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0