Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第3页

Electron density measurement in low-density plasma of electrical wire explosion using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. 用Shack-Hartmann波前传感器测量电线爆炸低密度等离子体中的电子密度。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0270669

Yiming Zhao, Jian Wu, Zhiyuan Jiang, Wei Wang, Zhenyu Wang, Yang Li, Huantong Shi, Xingwen Li, Aici Qiu

{"title":"Electron density measurement in low-density plasma of electrical wire explosion using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor.","authors":"Yiming Zhao, Jian Wu, Zhiyuan Jiang, Wei Wang, Zhenyu Wang, Yang Li, Huantong Shi, Xingwen Li, Aici Qiu","doi":"10.1063/5.0270669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270669","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the electron density of low-density plasma has long been a challenge, as traditional diagnostic techniques often lack sufficient sensitivity or spatial resolution. To address this, this paper presents an electron density diagnostic method for corona plasma generated by electrical wire explosion, based on a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. The diagnostic system integrates an 8 ns, 532 nm nanosecond pulsed laser, a 400 mm focal length lens array, and a high-resolution charge-coupled device camera. By integrating the proposed neural network methods with micro-lens optical simulations, we achieved sub-pixel-level centroid localization of the focal spot, reducing shift errors by 21% compared to conventional convolutional neural network methods and achieving sub-pixel accuracy with an error of only 0.25 pixels. The theoretical sensitivity of the system reaches 2 × 1015 cm-2. In experiments using a silver-wire load under pre-pulse conditions, this diagnostic technique demonstrated strong agreement with laser interferometry results in high density regions. In low-density regions, the electron density measured at 4.4 mm from the wire axis reached a minimum of 2.2 × 1016 cm-2, offering a broader spatial range for plasma electron density diagnostics compared to laser interferometry. This method effectively captured the electron density distribution of the corona plasma formed under pre-pulse conditions. Future work will focus on further optimizing the experimental system to reduce sources of error and extending the application of this technique to large-scale pulsed power facilities for diagnosing the formation and parameter distribution of low-density electrode plasmas.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaporation and focus degradation mitigation in in-incubator live cell imaging for capacitance lab-on-CMOS microsystem calibration. 电容实验室cmos微系统校准中培养箱内活细胞成像的蒸发和焦点退化缓解。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0271101

Y Gilpin, C-Y Lin, M Dandin

{"title":"Evaporation and focus degradation mitigation in in-incubator live cell imaging for capacitance lab-on-CMOS microsystem calibration.","authors":"Y Gilpin, C-Y Lin, M Dandin","doi":"10.1063/5.0271101","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0271101","url":null,"abstract":"Lab-on-CMOS is an instrumentation technology that combines miniaturized bioanalytical hardware with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) electronics to provide integrated biosensing in a compact format. This paper focuses on a class of lab-on-CMOS systems that utilize capacitance sensing as a means to monitor cell cultures and track cell proliferation, as well as other cell life-cycle events. In this paradigm, changes in interfacial capacitance result from the activity of adherent cells at a bioelectronic interface. These changes are mapped to cell proliferation or life-cycle events using ground-truth measurements such as live cell imaging from real-time microscopy. This paper identifies instrumentation challenges that arise from conducting these ground-truth measurements in a calibrated cell culture environment, i.e., when the lab-on-CMOS system is deployed inside a CO2 cell culture incubator. In particular, we provide a detailed study of evaporation and focus degradation mitigation techniques for application in-incubator live cell imaging during lab-on-CMOS capacitance sensor calibration tasks. We show that autofocusing the microscopy column and provisioning the lab-on-CMOS with an immersion lid are two approaches that significantly improve the quality of live cell imaging ground-truth measurements over long periods.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of optical pulse width on jitter and domain evolution of gallium arsenide photoconductive semiconductor switches. 光脉冲宽度对砷化镓光导半导体开关抖动和域演化的影响。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0287144

Xule Li, Jinhong Wei, Chenglin Jia, Quan Sun, Fanzheng Zeng, Song Li, Baoliang Qian

引用次数: 0

Study on self-breakdown voltage dispersion characteristics in corona-stabilized spark gap switch. 电晕稳定火花隙开关自击穿电压色散特性研究。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0280257

Quan Sun, Fanzheng Zeng, Chenglin Jia, Xule Li, Yifeng Liu, Song Li

{"title":"Study on self-breakdown voltage dispersion characteristics in corona-stabilized spark gap switch.","authors":"Quan Sun, Fanzheng Zeng, Chenglin Jia, Xule Li, Yifeng Liu, Song Li","doi":"10.1063/5.0280257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0280257","url":null,"abstract":"The breakdown stability of spark gap switch critically governs the output characteristics of pulsed power systems. In this paper, a corona-stabilized spark gap switch with a corona needle structure is designed to reduce the dispersion of breakdown voltage. The volt-ampere characteristics of corona discharge in the switch gap and the self-breakdown voltage characteristics of the switch are investigated numerically and experimentally. Experimental results demonstrate that the corona needle amplifies the local electric field within the switch, generating macroscopically measurable corona currents. This process supplies seed electrons for the breakdown initiation, while the stabilized corona formation effectively homogenizes the electric field distribution across the main electrodes, thereby reducing the stochasticity of breakdown events and diminishing the dispersion of breakdown voltages. In particular, within a certain range, as the corona needle tip approaches the opposing main electrode (increasing l), the corona current amplitude before switch breakdown increases, and the breakdown voltage dispersion decreases. Notably, at a charging voltage of 40 kV and a repetition frequency of 20 Hz, the corona-stabilized spark gap switch achieves an average breakdown voltage dispersion of 0.54% (tested 5 sets × 200 trials) at l = 1 mm, demonstrating excellent breakdown stability to meet potential application requirements in pulsed power systems.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145200914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of particle swarm optimization to non-orthogonal error correction in SAFEM total magnetic intensity measurements. 粒子群优化在SAFEM总磁强测量非正交误差校正中的应用。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0272735

Changsheng Liu, Shaoyou Kan, Xiaotian Liu, Haigen Zhou

{"title":"Application of particle swarm optimization to non-orthogonal error correction in SAFEM total magnetic intensity measurements.","authors":"Changsheng Liu, Shaoyou Kan, Xiaotian Liu, Haigen Zhou","doi":"10.1063/5.0272735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0272735","url":null,"abstract":"In the semi-airborne frequency-domain electromagnetic (SAFEM) method, the total magnetic intensity (TMI) is derived from the vector synthesis of triaxial inductive magnetic sensors. However, non-orthogonal errors in the sensors introduce measurement inaccuracies. Traditional calibration techniques are unsuitable for induction magnetic sensors because they require either static magnetic field measurements or complex alternating current reference fields. We propose a novel, high-precision calibration method based on an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm that circumvents the need for an external physical reference to address this challenge. This method establishes a mathematical model of the non-orthogonal error, transforming the calibration into an optimization problem that aims to minimize the root mean square error (RMSE) of the TMI. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IPSO algorithm exhibits higher convergence accuracy and stronger noise immunity compared with the standard PSO. Experiments with a physical measurement system further validated the method's efficacy: after calibration, the maximum absolute error and the RMSE of the TMI were significantly reduced by 82.84% and 87.64%, respectively. This study provides a critical technical solution for the complex, multi-parameter error calibration of alternating current vector magnetometers, ensuring the acquisition of high-precision TMI data for SAFEM systems.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new true triaxial apparatus with pore fluid system for rock deformation under representative crustal stress conditions. 一种新的具有孔隙流体系统的真三轴仪，用于典型地应力条件下的岩石变形。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0274588

Ashley Stanton-Yonge, Thomas M Mitchell, Philip G Meredith, Neil Hughes, Steve Boon, John Browning, David Healy, John Bowles

{"title":"A new true triaxial apparatus with pore fluid system for rock deformation under representative crustal stress conditions.","authors":"Ashley Stanton-Yonge, Thomas M Mitchell, Philip G Meredith, Neil Hughes, Steve Boon, John Browning, David Healy, John Bowles","doi":"10.1063/5.0274588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0274588","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a new true triaxial apparatus for rock deformation, featuring six servo-controlled loading rams capable of applying maximum stresses of 220 MPa along the two horizontal axes and 400 MPa along the vertical axis to cubic rock samples of 50 mm side. Samples are introduced into a steel vessel, allowing rock specimens to be subjected to confining pressures of up to 60 MPa. Pore fluid lines connected to two pump intensifiers enable high-precision permeability measurements along all three principal stress directions. Experiments are conducted at room temperature. We present a suite of finite element method models implemented to determine the conditions and loading configuration that minimize the loading boundary effects during true triaxial loading. These observations are generic, and we expect they will contribute to the development of true triaxial loading systems generally. Finally, we validate our experimental configuration by presenting results on permeability measurements along the three axes on cubic samples of three types of well-studied rocks: Darley Dale sandstone, Crab Orchard sandstone, and Etna basalt.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vacuum-compatible sub-micrometer liquid flat-jet apparatus for soft x-ray spectroscopy. 软x射线光谱学用真空兼容亚微米液体平面喷射装置。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0271492

Takashige Fujiwara, Katsumi Midorikawa

引用次数: 0

Acoustic emission waveform filtering method based on autoencoder and BP neural network. 基于自编码器和BP神经网络的声发射波形滤波方法。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0285174

Shunli Jiang, Kangpei Zheng, Jinghui Jv

引用次数: 0

Cryogenic tensile testing system for simultaneous in situ neutron diffraction and digital image correlation strain analysis. 现场中子衍射和数字图像相关应变分析同步低温拉伸测试系统。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0274548

Takuro Kawasaki, Stefanus Harjo, Wu Gong, Wenqi Mao, Takayuki Yamashita, Tatsuya Ito, Kazuya Aizawa

{"title":"Cryogenic tensile testing system for simultaneous in situ neutron diffraction and digital image correlation strain analysis.","authors":"Takuro Kawasaki, Stefanus Harjo, Wu Gong, Wenqi Mao, Takayuki Yamashita, Tatsuya Ito, Kazuya Aizawa","doi":"10.1063/5.0274548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0274548","url":null,"abstract":"A cryogenic tensile testing system for in situ neutron diffraction measurement, incorporating macroscopic strain distribution measurement through the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method, was developed. By integrating this system with a versatile horizontal load frame, tensile tests can be conducted within the temperature range from room temperature to 20 K. A tentative measurement combining in situ neutron diffraction and the DIC technique was performed on an ultrafine-grained 304 stainless steel during tensile deformation at 77 K. It revealed that the deformation-induced martensitic transformation can be characterized more accurately by considering the local macroscopic strain in the neutron-irradiated gauge region, as determined by the DIC method, rather than the overall sample strain. The developed system enables accurate measurement of macroscopic strain, particularly in cases of non-uniform deformation, while simultaneously capturing associated crystallographic structure changes, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of neutron data for materials research.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient production of sodium Bose-Einstein condensates in a hybrid trap. 在混合阱中高效生产钠玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0279068

Y Geng, S Mukherjee, S Banik, M Gutierrez Galan, M Anderson, H Sosa-Martinez, S Eckel, I B Spielman, G K Campbell

引用次数: 0