{"title":"Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC): An Organizational Assessment","authors":"Cheselden George V. Carmona","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2589436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2589436","url":null,"abstract":"The April 2011 general elections were considered generally successful not because INEC committed fewer or less errors than the previous ones. Some of the commission’s operational and logistical shortcomings were serious enough to justify early doubts on its organizational readiness to conduct the elections. Rather, the success of the last elections could be attributed to the fact that the voters and major stakeholders – political parties, civil society organizations, media, international and local observers, etc. – were convinced that the poll results were a product of credible, inclusive, participatory and transparent electoral processes despite the various problems encountered during the preparations and conduct thereof. Related thereto, and equally important, was the general perception that the current leadership of the electoral commission is more independent and trustworthy. Although not comprehensive and exhaustive, it appeared from the reviewed documents that the problems encountered during the poll preparations and election days were a combination of various factors that included legal and bureaucratic restrictions, difficult and sometimes hostile political environment, political indifference of some voters and organizational inadequacies of INEC. Most of these problems, as documented by observation mission reports and post-election retreats, were tackled and integrated in this study. Their recommendations, together with the proposals gathered from the Reports of the post-election retreat of INEC officials and staff, were compiled and presented as an annex to this paper.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132553997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors Affecting Knowledge Transfer in Public Organization Employees","authors":"Z. Islam, Ikramul Hasan, Mohammadi Rahman","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2551430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2551430","url":null,"abstract":"Managing knowledge is considered an essential resource for both public and private sector organizations. Effective transfer of knowledge (KT) among the employees could give a better platform in public entities to serve its clients in a more innovative and efficient way. In the context of Southeast Asia, studies on KT in public offices in Brunei compared to that in Singapore and Malaysia is relatively low. This study has made an attempt to investigation the relationship between cultural elements (trust, communication between employees, rewards and learning & development) and Knowledge Transfer with organizational socialization as a moderating variable. A structured questionnaire survey was conducted to collect responses from a range of public sector employees. In results the findings reveal that there is a significant relationship between learning & development and KT, but the hypotheses related to the other three variables: trust, communication and reward remain insignificant. On the other hand with the moderating effect trust shows significant influence over KT in building relationship with help of socialization.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132916510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) on Work-Family Interference and Work-Family Facilitation","authors":"L. Tummers, B. Bronkhorst","doi":"10.1108/PR-05-2013-0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-05-2013-0080","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – We analyze the effects of leadership on work-family spillovers. Specifically, we analyze the relationships between leadership (leader-member exchange, LMX) with one negative work-family spillover effect (work-family interference) and one positive work-family spillover effect (work-family facilitation). We hypothesize that LMX influences work-family spillover via different mediators, rather than one all-encompassing mediator, such as empowerment. Design/methodology/approach – We hypothesize that a good relationship with your supervisor (high LMX) diminishes work pressure, which in turn reduces work-family interference. Furthermore, we expect that a good relationship with your supervisor positively relates to the meaningfulness of work, as you could get more interesting work and more understanding of your role within the organization. In turn, this will increase work-family facilitation. These hypotheses are tested using a nation-wide survey among Dutch healthcare professionals.Findings – Findings of Structural Equation Modeling indeed indicate that high quality LMX is negatively related to work-family interference, and that this is mediated by work pressure (53% explained variance). Furthermore, we found that a good relationship with your supervisor is positively related to meaningfulness of work, which in turn positively correlates to work-family facilitation (16% explained variance). Originality/value – The added value of the paper lies in a) introducing two mediators – work pressure and meaningful work – which worked adequately both theoretically and empirically, instead of the sometimes problematic mediators empowerment and stress, b) a focus on healthcare professionals and c) using sophisticated techniques to test the model (Structural Equation Modeling with bootstrapping).","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130366946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Need for a Paradigm Shift in the Dutch Command and Information System for the Acute Phase of Disasters","authors":"A. Scholtens, J. Jorritsma, I. Helsloot","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12035","url":null,"abstract":"By and large, scientists agreed on what should be the output of a good command and information system in the acute phase of a disaster. The public needs fast and accurate information and fast ‘meaning‐making’ if they are to be as self‐reliant as possible and to be in the best possible position to cope with the shock of the disaster. Operational units need decentralized command and sometimes fast strategic decision‐making. Despite this, classical command and information systems such as the three‐tier system required by law in the Netherlands fail to deliver in this regard. We sketch an analytical framework which when applied to the Dutch system predicts its failure. We also present a different command and information system, already used in the Drenthe Safety Region, which satisfies the analytical framework. Early experience with the Drenthe system shows the potential of the new system but also shows that no system is better than the people in it.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121478722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Public Expenditure on Enrolment of SC/ST Student in Higher Education","authors":"A. Amuthan, R. Muthusubramanian","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2398193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2398193","url":null,"abstract":"The economics of education is about understanding how and why people make decisions to invest in education, the effect of education on long-term social and economic outcomes, the behavious of those institutions that produce education and how best to design and implement public policies affecting the level and distribution of education resources. This paper attempts to examine public expenditure on higher education, total gross enrollment of higher education, enrollment of schedule caste and schedule tribe and trends of marginalized community enrollment in higher education in India. SC/ST people are a mixed population of several social groups from all over India but they are still marginalized groups in our society. The higher education is one the major key of social mobility and human development. The research is effort to find out the how after economic reforms has impacted the higher education of SC/ST communities in India. This study based on secondary data was collected from University Grants Commission and Ministry of Finance about all related to necessary data. Hence, the present study suggest to the suitable policy to improvement of enrollment of SC/ST community in higher education.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129642122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Management Control Systems as Enabling Use in Professional Bureaucracy: Evidence from Management Reform of a Public Hospital","authors":"Takahito Kondo, Takeshi Nishii, Motohiro Aihara","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2371679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2371679","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the role of management control systems in a professional bureaucracy through a case study of a public hospital in Japan. Given the rapid growth of health care expenditures in the developed countries, the implementation of management control systems in public hospitals has been seen as an effective way to restrain medical costs. While previous studies show the administrative control has little effects on physician efficiency in providing medical service, our findings indicate the critical role of management control systems in improving quality and efficiency of medical care. This study applies the concept of enabling (Adler and Borys, 1996) to our case. In our case, an enabling use of management control systems helped medical doctors to understand the financial impacts of their daily clinical decisions and to provide more productive service without sacrificing service quality. Our results offer new insights into management control in the process of management reform in professional bureaucracies.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132009282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Razvan Vlaicu, M. Verhoeven, F. Grigoli, Zac Mills
{"title":"Multiyear Budgets and Fiscal Performance: Panel Data Evidence","authors":"Razvan Vlaicu, M. Verhoeven, F. Grigoli, Zac Mills","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2096427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2096427","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades more than 120 countries have adopted a multiyear budget process (Medium-Term Framework, or MTF) that enables the central government to set multiyear fiscal targets. This paper analyzes a newly-collected dataset of worldwide MTF adoptions during 1990–2008. It exploits within-country variation in adoption in a dynamic panel framework to estimate MTFs' impacts on aggregate as well as sectoral measures of fiscal performance. We find that on average multiyear budgeting improves budget balance by about 2 percentage points with more advanced MTF phases having a larger impact. Higher-phase MTFs also reduce health spending volatility, while only the top-phase MTF has a measurable impact on health sector technical efficiency.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129219455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Commissioner Selection and Deregulation of Gas Utilities","authors":"V. Hlasny","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2029542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2029542","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to evaluate the role of reelection motives of state public service commissioners in deregulation of the US gas distribution market over the past twenty years. The reelection motives may affect commissioners’ choice regarding when and which regulatory regime – retail restructuring, price cap or sliding-scale regulation – to adopt to deregulate particular utilities from the status quo of rate-of-return regulation. The system of selection of commissioners, timing of elections, and composition of commissions are evaluated as political factors. Frequency of elections is found to be associated positively with the risk of any deregulation, albeit with different time delay. In election years, the risk of price caps rises immediately, while that of restructuring rises in subsequent years. Elections favor price caps, while appointments by state legislature favor restructuring. Democratic-leaning commissions avoid restructuring in favor of price caps.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116872455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashby H. B. Monk, Raymond E. Levitt, Michael Garvin, Andrew J. South, George Carollo
{"title":"Public-Private Partnerships for Infrastructure Delivery","authors":"Ashby H. B. Monk, Raymond E. Levitt, Michael Garvin, Andrew J. South, George Carollo","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2149313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2149313","url":null,"abstract":"Important alternatives have developed to augment traditional modes of creating and supporting infrastructure by public financing overseen by public authorities. One of these is the public_private partnership (PPP) which joins a government agency with a private project-based legal entity to finance, design, operate and maintain a facility for use by the public. PPPs are defined and differentiated from other types of project governance arrangements. Several of their subtypes are described and a brief history provided of the changing pattern of connections linking public and private entities in the provision of public infrastructure. Some of the most common myths and misconceptions characterizing the costs and benefits of PPPs are identified and discussed. The chapter concludes with a set of recommendations regarding how this form can be more productively employed in developing infrastructure projects in the United States.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124788097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inside the Black Box: How Competition between Hospitals Improves Quality and Integration of Services","authors":"Chris Pike","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2948292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2948292","url":null,"abstract":"Recent economic research has shown that fixed-price quality competition in the NHS in England is benefiting patients and taxpayers. This research has focused primarily on important outcomes of competition, for example the number of lives saved. In this paper we focus on the mechanism of competition (sometimes referred to as the ‘black box’) which has led to these higher quality outcomes. This paper uses information obtained by the Co-operation and Competition Panel (CCP) in its investigations into hospital trust mergers over the period May 2011 to May 2012, to illuminate this ‘black box’. In particular, this paper highlights the types of actions taken by hospital trusts facing competition that are likely to improve the quality of the patient’s treatment as well as the patient’s experience. Competition is one of the levers that can deliver benefits for patients and taxpayers protect and promote the interests of people who use health care services.","PeriodicalId":210610,"journal":{"name":"Public Sector Strategy & Organizational Behavior eJournal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132429590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}