Results in Physics最新文献

{"title":"Energy fluctuations and transitions in non-equilibrium inter-particle collisions","authors":"Tongli Wei ,&nbsp;Xiansheng Cao ,&nbsp;Yaojin Li ,&nbsp;Chenglong Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy fluctuations and transitions, as well as the random forces, of a Brownian particle in the short-time limit of one single collision are studied using microscopic kinetic theory. Fluctuations and random forces play fundamental roles in non-equilibrium dynamics and statistical mechanics. We find that the mean-square of random forces is proportional to the energy fluctuation for Brown particles. By considering collision processes between an incident particle and background molecules within the framework of the hard-sphere collision model, we analytically investigate energy fluctuations and transitions based on microscopic kinetic theories. Results for the example of the thermal equilibrium gas show that the energy fluctuations arise from two distinct contributions: kinetic fluctuations resulting from the random selection of scattering cross-section positions, which are proportional to the particle’s initial energy; and thermal fluctuations associated with the velocity distribution of molecules, which are proportional to gas temperature. We demonstrate that the energy flux density is equal to the temperature difference <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span> multiplied by the thermal conductivity coefficient <span><math><mi>κ</mi></math></span> in two mixed gases under thermal equilibrium. Therefore, a microscopic kinetic perspective is provided for the second law of thermodynamics in this specific scenario. Our finding helps understand random dynamics and relaxation processes in non-equilibrium systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 108276"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum coherence and phase-space nonclassicality in k-photon thermal-noisy nonlinear JCM with atomic motion","authors":"Shima Manzari-Tavakoli ,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Baghshahi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Faghihi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we study the quantum interaction between a moving two-level atom and a single-mode quantized field in an optical cavity with degenerate multi-photon transition, in the presence of intensity-dependent coupling and thermal effect. We introduce the appropriate Hamiltonian of the system, and we adopt the initial condition of subsystems, in which the atom is prepared in an arbitrary superposition of ground and excited states, and the field is considered in a thermal state. Consequently, we determine the density matrix of the entire system at any given time. We further assess some of the most important quantum properties, such as quantum coherence, sub-Poissonian statistics, and phase-space nonclassicality by means of negativity of the Wigner quasiprobability distribution function. We then investigate the impact of intensity-dependent nonlinearity, thermal noise, atomic motion, and multi-photon transition on these quantum properties. The numerical results show that the nonclassicality criteria can be significantly influenced and controlled by the effects discussed above. Interestingly, increasing the mean thermal photon number, which highlights the thermal effect, can, in some cases, enhance the nonclassicality features of the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 108279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratings","authors":"Pravinraj Selvaraj ,&nbsp;Chih-Wei Lin ,&nbsp;Yi-Xuan Liu,&nbsp;Chi-Tang Huang,&nbsp;Jie-Sin Jhong,&nbsp;Ching-Cherng Sun,&nbsp;Ko-Ting Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precise phase control of light is essential for advancing photonic devices. This study presents electrically tunable liquid–crystal (LC) surface-relief gratings (SRGs) comprising periodic SU-8 photoresist (PR) structures, showcasing notable electro-optical properties. The SRG comprises a periodicity of alternating PR-coated (Region B) and uncoated (Region A) regions. When a DC voltage is applied, Region A exhibits a transmittance shift upon exceeding a threshold voltage, with incomplete recovery when the voltage is reduced. This non-reversible behavior likely stems from ionic migration toward the electrodes, creating an internal electric field. Conversely, Region B acts as an effective shield, stabilizing the electric double layer and minimizing transmittance changes. However, AC stimuli restrict ionic mobility, with higher frequencies leading to increased threshold voltage, particularly in Region B. Analysis of the Stokes parameters further demonstrates that the grating facilitates voltage-controlled tuning of diffraction orders while maintaining polarization stability. By optimizing DC driving schemes, higher diffraction orders can be selectively enhanced, allowing for low-voltage operation and multi-order diffraction, which is crucial for wide-angle holographic displays. These findings lay the groundwork for a robust platform for dynamic light manipulation, paving the way for next-generation tunable photonic systems and advanced display technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 108297"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of low concentration glucose solution using Raman spectroscopy based on the internal standard method","authors":"Kang Du ,&nbsp;Meng Zhao ,&nbsp;Yangyang Hua ,&nbsp;Shuaifei Wei ,&nbsp;Tingting Wang ,&nbsp;Guannan Qu ,&nbsp;Hongxing Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucose is an essential substance for life and exists in a cyclic equilibrium in solution. Raman spectroscopy is utilized to differentiate substances based on their glucose concentration. This study employed solid-state density functional theory to simulate the Raman spectra of D(+)-glucose, D-glucose monohydrate, and two types of glucopyranose. Experimental spectra were obtained for D-glucose monohydrate and solutions of varying concentrations. The calculation results of various glucose configuration theories indicate that 1125 cm⁻¹ is the characteristic peak of glucose. This finding aligns with the experimental results and literature presented in this article, addressing concerns regarding the validity of glucose characteristic peaks.</div><div>The peak at 1640 cm⁻¹, attributed to water, serves as the normalized internal standard. The correlation coefficients obtained from linear regression analysis were all greater than 0.990, with limits of detection (LOD) of 48.1 mg/dL and 40.3 mg/dL, respectively. The minimum detectable concentration (MDC) for qualitative analysis is 12.5 mg/dL. The relative area method has been demonstrated to be a direct and effective approach for accurately quantifying low-concentration glucose solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 108272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Co2+ ions doping in Ni0.7-xCoxZn0.3Fe2O4 nanoferrites: A study of structural, morphological, optical, and magnetic properties","authors":"Baye Zinabe Kebede ,&nbsp;Deepshikha Rathore ,&nbsp;Khalid Mujasam Batoo ,&nbsp;Paulos Taddesse Shibeshi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the last few years, there has been a notable focus on the synthesis of soft magnetic nanoferrites with different properties for different applications. Highly efficient Cobalt (Co) assisted Ni_0.7-xCo_xZn_0.3Fe₂O₄ (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) nanoferrites were prepared via citrate gel combustion technique. XRD analysis revealed the single-phase cubic lattice growth, with a typical crystal size spanning between 33.81 and 42.45 nm. The unit cell volume and lattice parameter of Ni_0.7-xCo_xZn_0.3Fe₂O₄ exhibited a significant increment with varying Co concentration (x = 0.1. 0.3, and 0.5), primarily because of expanded ionic radius of Co. Analysis with HRTEM revealed crystal sizes varying between 39.3 and 69.8 nm, confirming the nanocrystalline nature of the synthesized samples. Additionally, FESEM images indicated a spherical-like morphology for the nanoferrites. EDX analysis further validated the existence of all required elements such as Ni, Zn, Co, Fe, and O whitin the samples. SAED patterns and HRTEM images describe the pure and homogeneous crystalline cubic spinel lattice of nanoferrite including Moire fringes and d-spacing values consistent with XRD data and standard references. The FT-IR patterns exhibited absorption peaks within 533.1–545.6 cm⁻¹ range, associated with metal–oxygen bond stretching vibration. The optical characteristics of the nanoferrites indicated activity in both the ultraviolet and visible ranges. The enhancement of visible light absorption in Ni_0.7Zn_0.3Fe₂O₄ nanoferrite through Co doping has been achieved. The band gap energy was noted to be reduced from 1.66 eV to 1.37 eV as the Co content increases from x  = 0.0 to 0.5 in Ni_0.7-xCo_xZn_0.3Fe₂O₄ nanoferrites. Magnetic characterization of the Co-doped samples reveals significant enhancements in magnetic behaviour. Saturation magnetization (Ms) improved from 69.93 to 80.36 emu/g with Co-doping, indicating an improved magnetic response. Similarly, the coercivity (Hc) and remanent magnetization (Mr) showed substantial increases, from 86.18 Oe to 160.97 Oe and from 13.65 emu/g to 25.61 emu/g, respectively. Among the samples, the nanoferrite with x  = 0.4 exhibited the maximum value of Ms, while x  = 0.5 demonstrated the highest values of Mr and Hc, suggesting the impact of Co concentration on optimizing magnetic properties across different compositions. Hence, x  = 0.4 and 0.5 compositions of Ni_0.7-xCo_xZn_0.3Fe₂O₄ nanoferrites would be strong candidates for electronic devices like sensors and memory strage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 108295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of asteroid belt and oblateness on the stability and orbits near triangular Lagrange points","authors":"Wenhui Liu,&nbsp;Fabao Gao,&nbsp;Bao Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the dynamics of an infinitesimal body within the context of the restricted three-body problem, incorporating perturbations arising from the asteroid belt and the oblateness effects of the three bodies. The locations of the triangular Lagrange points are analytically derived, yielding results consistent with the classical case when perturbations are neglected. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the relationship between various perturbations and the positions of the triangular Lagrange points is conducted, revealing that the horizontal positions are exclusively determined by the mass ratio <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>, whereas the vertical positions are influenced by all considered perturbations, including the asteroid belt and oblateness effects. Subsequently, the stability of the triangular Lagrange points is examined, with a focus on the critical mass ratio <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, concluding that the triangular Lagrange points remain stable only under the condition <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><msub><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>. Additionally, we calculate the second- and third-order periodic orbits near the triangular Lagrange point <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> using the Lindstedt–Poincaré method. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to validate the analytical results, demonstrating that an increase in the mass of the asteroid belt, as well as a greater oblateness of the primaries and the third body, leads to a more noticeable divergence between the second- and third-order periodic orbits. These findings provide deeper insights into the complex dynamics of celestial systems under the influence of multiple perturbations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 108253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-reciprocity of energy transfer derived from cubic stiffness-induced nonlinear phenomena","authors":"Na Kong ,&nbsp;Min Sun ,&nbsp;Jianen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Introducing purely nonlinear elastic elements can induce rich dynamic behaviors, such as bifurcations, jumps and isolated resonance curves, to linear systems. Therefore, these elements are suitable for constructing strong non-reciprocity of vibration energy transfer. First, the energy transfer along reciprocal directions in a three-degree-of-freedom system is investigated, where three oscillators are connected by cubic springs. The semi-analytical solutions of the system are obtained using the complexification-averaging method and the least squares method. The results are compared against numerical solutions obtained by the Runge-Kutta method. The excitation amplitude range that produces strong non-reciprocity of vibration energy is analyzed. The jump phenomenon under combined excitation is investigated, and a trigger method for constructing non-reciprocity using an impulse is proposed. Then, an oscillator chain with cubic stiffness and scaling parameters is embedded into a multi-degree-of-freedom linear oscillator system to further explore the effect of cubic stiffness. Energy transfer along two directions is compared by exciting the leftmost oscillator and the rightmost oscillator. Moreover, the trigger effect of the impulse on non-reciprocity is demonstrated. The results show significant differences in vibration energy transfer within three distinct frequency bands. The critical points between reciprocal and non-reciprocal states are obtained, and the three stages of reciprocity related to excitation amplitude are analyzed. Lastly, the modulation effect of the cubic stiffness on non-reciprocity is conducted by comparing the energy of the output oscillator.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 108290"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T-gate with dual dielectric layer for p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN HFETs: Suppressed gate leakage current and increased gate voltage range","authors":"Min-Gi Jeong ,&nbsp;Gökhan Atmaca ,&nbsp;Ho-Young Cha","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a T-shaped gate with a dual dielectric layer is proposed for enhancement-mode p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN heterojunction field-effect transistors (HFETs), designed to reduce gate leakage current and improve gate forward breakdown voltage. The proposed dual dielectric layer, comprising Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ films, modulates the energy band structure at the gate edge to suppress the hole injection from the gate metal to the p-GaN layer. As a result, the p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN HFET with the proposed T-shaped gate demonstrated a significantly reduced gate leakage current of ∼ 10^-7 A/mm at V_GS = 8 V and a substantially higher gate forward breakdown voltage of 16 V, compared to a conventional structure with a gate leakage current of ∼ 10^-3 A/mm at V_GS = 8 V and a gate forward breakdown voltage of 8.5 V. Additionally, the off-state breakdown voltage of the proposed device was noticeably improved. These results suggest that the proposed dual dielectric configuration offers a promising approach to overcoming the limited gate voltage range of conventional p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN HFETs, thereby enhancing device reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 108294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermosolutal convection and entropy generation in hybrid nanofluids: FEM and ANN analysis of a magnetized wavy enclosure","authors":"Noor Zeb Khan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Salim Khan ,&nbsp;A.S. Shflot ,&nbsp;M.Y. Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the thermosolutal convection and entropy generation in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) hybrid nanofluid-filled enclosure featuring wavy vertical walls and a centrally placed star-shaped cylinder. The problem addresses the critical need to optimize heat and mass transfer in engineering systems, such as thermal management, energy storage, and electronic cooling. A hybrid nanofluid composed of alumina (<span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>) and copper (<span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow></math></span>) nanoparticles in water is analyzed using the Finite Element Method (FEM) via COMSOL Multiphysics, complemented by an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to predict the Nusselt number and validate results. Key findings reveal that increasing the Rayleigh number (Ra) from 10³ to 10⁵ enhances the average Nusselt number (Nu_Avg) by<!--> <!-->16.27 %<!--> <!-->and total entropy generation (E_Total) by<!--> <!-->93.53 %, driven by intensified buoyancy-driven convection. Conversely, a stronger magnetic field (Ha = 50) suppresses fluid motion, reducing (Nu_Avg)<!--> <!-->by<!--> <!-->18.03 %<!--> <!-->and Sherwood number (Sh_Avg) by<!--> <!-->10.83 %, while increasing E_Total <!-->by<!--> <!-->80.83 %<!--> <!-->due to Lorentz forces. Hybrid nanoparticles (2 % volume fraction) improve (Nu_Avg) by<!--> <!-->6.63 %<!--> <!-->compared to pure fluid, demonstrating their thermal enhancement potential. The Lewis number (Le) and buoyancy ratio (N) significantly influence mass transfer, with<!--> <!-->(Sh_Avg) rising by<!--> <!-->41.60 %<!--> <!-->at (Le = 10)<!--> <!-->and<!--> <!-->32.90 %<!--> <!-->at<!--> <!-->(N = 10). The ANN model achieves exceptional accuracy (R = 1, MSE = 2.47 × 10⁻⁹) in predicting thermal behavior, reducing computational effort. Novelty lies in the combined analysis of hybrid nanofluids, star-shaped geometry, and MHD effects using FEM-ANN integration a configuration unexplored in prior literature. This work provides actionable insights for designing energy-efficient systems with optimized entropy generation and enhanced thermal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 108291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow in convergent/divergent channel using Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology","authors":"Ibrahim Mahariq ,&nbsp;C.M. Mohana ,&nbsp;B. Rushi Kumar ,&nbsp;Kezzar Mohamed ,&nbsp;Mohamed Rafik SARI ,&nbsp;Hamiden Abd El-Wahed Khalifa ,&nbsp;Sunitha Nagarathnam","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Convergent/divergent channels represent a critical advancement in thermal management systems, offering enhanced heat transfer capabilities through geometrically optimized flow paths. This study investigates the thermal and hydrodynamic characteristics of UO₂-ZnO-Fe₃O₄/EG-water ternary hybrid nanofluid in rotating convergent/divergent channels with magnetohydrodynamic and radiation effects, a critical area for enhancing heat transfer efficiency in modern thermal management systems. Employing the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method coupled with a Box-Behnken design approach, we analyzed how key parameters affect flow behavior and heat transfer performance. The numerical simulations reveal that increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction from 0.01 to 0.06 enhances the Nusselt number by 27.3 %, while an increase in the magnetic parameter reduces the friction coefficient by 41.2 %. The Reynolds number demonstrates a strong positive correlation with the Nusselt number (R² = 0.978). Maximum heat transfer (Nu = 33.4859) achieved at: α = 1°, Re = 40, φ = 3 %, Ha = 50, Rd = 1, Kn = 0.04, De = 0.5, Ro = 50, ε = 0, λ = 0.5 whereas a minimum flow resistance (Cf = -2.60454) occurred at: α = -3°, Re = 60, φ = 6 %, Ha = 25, Rd = 1, Kn = 0, De = 0.5, Ro = 50, ε = 0.2, λ = 0.5. For the convergent channel configuration (α = -3°), the friction coefficient was 28.3 % higher than in the divergent channel (α = 5°) under identical flow conditions. This work advances the field beyond previous studies by comprehensively analyzing the synergistic effects of rotation, magnetohydrodynamic, radiation, and channel geometry on the performance of ternary hybrid nanofluids, providing crucial insights for designing more efficient thermal systems in electronics cooling, heat exchangers, and industrial processing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21042,"journal":{"name":"Results in Physics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 108293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}