Demography and social economy最新文献

{"title":"The Ethical Principle of Justice in the Promotion of the Concept of Human Development","authors":"Valerii Novikov","doi":"10.15407/dse2023.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2023.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Justice is one of the concepts that are most often used in modern Ukrainian political and scientific discourse. The phenomenon of justice is complex and multifaceted and characterizes the entire system of social relations in all the diversity of its specific manifestations in the field of promoting the concept of human development. Since ancient times, justice has been one of the main subjects of scientific research by sociologists, economists, and philosophers of Western and Eastern European countries. Now, there are several interpretations of this notion. One of the most widespread is the definition of justice from the theoretical standpoint of the so-called “transcendental institutionalism”, which is the basis of the works of many famous theoreticians. Within this trend, there are competing points of view regarding approaches to the realization of justice. The concept of utilitarianism, which was widespread in the second half of the 20th century, has its adherents, in respect of the fair content of human development, even in our time. The article defends the logical construction of justice, which is at the intersection of economic theory and moral philosophy. Based on the tradition associated with Adam Smith’s classic political economy, it is grounded on the procedure of public choice, comparison and ranking of priorities. Continuous improvement and regulation of human development processes are oppo sed to the established rigid institutional approach that underlies the contract theory. The aim of the study is to reveal justice as a concept that contains requirements for adequacy of its theoretical interpretation to the practical role regarding individuals upholding their rights. The novelty is substantiating of the constructive significance of justice as an ethical category and the proximity of its democratic procedures to the real-life problems of people, which gives it priority over other similar scientific currents and concepts of liberal democratic orientation. The method of comparative analysis of definitions of social justice in the course of its evolutionary development is applied. Tools for soft modeling of socially fair consumption of goods and services by different income groups of the population are proposed.","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129203824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially Determined Risks of Social Exclusion: Risk Tree Building","authors":"Tetiana Kalahsnikova","doi":"10.15407/dse2023.01.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2023.01.040","url":null,"abstract":"The development of every Ukrainian’s life space is an extremely important aspect of social policy, which should be aimed at improving the state of human development and the constant expansion of development opportunities, the progress in the relevant spheres of social life. The identification, certain ordering and the classification of risks for human development, in particular regarding the prevention of social rejection, using spatially determined factors should become the primary stage of community development policy formation. Understanding of the disadvantages and advantages that are characteristic of the geographical location of territorial entities, the level of their provision with social services and other social benefits allows a conscious approach to the prevention of threats of social rejection in communities.The purpose of the article is to study the spatially determined risk of social rejection, to determine its hierarchical structure through the construction of a risk tree. This article examines the hierarchy of threats of social rejection due to spatially determined factors based on the author’s concept of the space of human development as the latter’s spatial model and the content of the notion of spatially determined risk to human development, which emerges from it. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author has determined the hierarchical structure of spatially determined risks for human development, which allows to create a theoretical and methodological basis for the assessment of risks in question. In particular, it has been determined that the structuring of risks allows to distinguish seven main groups. They are: risks of the geographical environment; risks caused by the state of environment; risks caused by the state of artificial environment; risks of spatial and temporal availability; risks caused by the state of economic environment; risks caused by the state of social environment; risks caused by the conditions of everyday life. In order to achieve the goal, the research used a number of general scientific methods — a systemic approach (for determining the main elements of the risk tree for spatially determined risk to human development as a system), the method of analysis, synthesis, generalization (for forming the elemental composition of individual branches of the risk tree for spatially determined risk of social rejection), as well as the logical-graphic method (for building a risk tree for spatially determined risk of social rejection).","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131082287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational and Occupational Potential of Ukraine: Main Challenges and Ways of Improvement Under Current Conditions","authors":"L. Lisogor, Nataliia Rudenko, Serhii Ivashenko","doi":"10.15407/dse2023.01.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2023.01.023","url":null,"abstract":"Problems of the skills development and the quality of human capital became the priorities of the current socio-economic development. That’s why the relevance of the investigation of the main trends in the formation and development of the human potential of country (especially, educational and qualification component) significantly increased. However, the possibilities for the stable and effective development of the labour market and vocational education system in Ukraine are limited because of the influence of war. Therefore, it is extremely important to study the specific features of the development of educational and occupational potential of country under the influence of war, to define the main challenges of its development connected with constrains and limitations of effective realization during this period of time. The aim of the paper is to identify the challenges and threats to the realization of the educational and occupational potential of Ukraine under current conditions, to determine the ways of the development of employees’ individual skills and competencies needed under conditions of post-war recovery period. In order to achieve the defined aim, the authors have used data of sociological surveys, as well as all available sources of information (especially, data of State Employment Service, opendata). During research process, such research methods as analysis and synthesis, system analysis, scientific abstraction, comparison, generalization, logical approach were used. The results of the study made it possible to define that the quality of educational and occupational potential depends not only on the demographic basis of labour force reproduction, but also on the readiness of the employees to acquire new skills, to upgrade qualifications. It was also defined that the negative trends in the development of the vocational education and training (VET) system significantly increased under conditions of war due to: the damage to the network of vocational education schools in the regions affected by hostilities; the significant scale of external and internal migration; the disruption of established coordination relations between enterprises and vocational education schools; the aggravation of the problems of VET schools financing. Calculations of the structural changes intensity coefficients (by 25 most popular occupations) indicates a higher probability of balancing the list of occupations for which vocational education schools provide training with the dynamics of changes and the occupational structure of vacancies (taking into account the degree of load on the part of unemployed). Results of calculations can be taken into account when determining the number of students and the structure of training organized by vocational education schools and employment centres. During the investigation process, it was proved that the factors related to the employees’ incentive for training, retraining, acquiring skills and competencies necessary for i","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122250736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalization and the Georgian Family","authors":"L. E. Menabdishvili, N. E. Menabdishvili, N. Gomelauri","doi":"10.15407/dse2022.04.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2022.04.046","url":null,"abstract":"The process of globalization has picked up its pace in the last period and it affects every sphere of societal life. It brings about the new epoch in the human civilization. The history of the establishment and development of the family runs parallel to the history of the development of humankind. Therefore, it is of utmost urgency and importance to study the impact of globalization on the institute of family. The presented work touches upon the immensely urgent issue for modernity - the impact of globalization on the Georgian family. The aim of the article is to delineate those positive and negative changes that occurred within the Georgian family as a result of globalization. This is one of the first attempts to demonstrate the basic characteristics of the modern Georgian family. In order to display the issue clearly, the authors have employed the data of the Georgian statistical service as well as that of the European Union and made a comparative analysis. The researchers have also used the results of the sociological survey conducted with their direct participation during 2013-2015. The main discoveries, which have been obtained by the researchers in this work, are connected with the various types of changes that came to pass in the family. Since the turn of the new century, tolerant attitude toward sexual freedom has been established in Georgia. The beginning of sexual life is no longer associated with the creation of the family. Consequently, the marriage age has increased and the youth are in no hurry to create the family. The postponement of marriage has dialed back the birth of the first child in ages above 30 and, thus, the start of the late parenthood. During 2000-2018, from among the total number of children born by the women of all age group, the share of the children born to only the women within the age group of 30-40 went up from 20.8 % to 33.6 %, i.e. increased 1.6 times. The 1.4 times increase in the fertility rate among the women aged above 40 during the last 18-year period is unprecedented. Religious or legal marriage is no longer necessary to start the family, couples cohabit without it. The increase in the number of cohabiting couples, in its turn, has boosted the number of out-of-wedlock births. It was only two decades ago that such a thing was totally unacceptable in our society. Globalization opened the door wide to international migration. The globalization has brought with it “transnational families”, which were unusual for Georgian society. The man was traditionally considered to be the breadwinner in the Georgian family, however, this did not preclude the woman from working and earning income. It was a given that the woman’s labor was not necessary to retain the living standard of the family. Since the last years of the previous century, because of the fundamental transformations the country was undergoing, the income of the women became not only necessary for the family, but also of life and death importance. The hig","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124366606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rebound in Fertility in Ukraine: Expectations, Factors, Obstacles","authors":"S. Aksyonova","doi":"10.15407/dse2022.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2022.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to find out whether post-war rebound in fertility will be able to achieve at least the pre-war level in Ukraine and whether the “baby boom” phenomenon will be possible in our country. For the first time, the factors that will contribute to fertility growth or slow down this process were considered in the context of the Russia’s full-scale military invasion of Ukraine. The research was carried out using such methods as analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, analogy, graphic method. Fertility accumulates the effect of a huge number of various factors that ultimately manifests itself in certain trend in the development of this process. It is relevant to analyse the factors that will change the birth rate during the war and post-war periods. The long period of military conflict in the east of our country, political tension, decrease in the welfare level of the population, and the protracted nature of the pandemic led to the accumulation of significant number of postponed births. The cohorts born in the 1990s are in active childbearing age now, but they are not large in number. This can reduce rebound in fertility after the end of the war. At the same time, certain expectations of increase in fertility are associated with women aged 30–34, who are more numerous than the younger cohorts, have accumulated significant number of postponed births and further postponement will increase the risk of impossibility to implement childbearing plans due to biological factor. Large number of dead, destroyed housing and infrastructure, social and economic problems, uncertainty about the future, significant share of refugees who decide not to return to Ukraine can significantly restrict rebound in fertility. Responsibility towards the unborn child forms the intention to further postpone their birth, but raising the responsibility of parenthood to the level of family or society will not allow the rejection of plans to give birth to a child. Under the condition of comprehensive family policy, in particular a pronatalist policy, one can hope for increase in the birth rate in the post-war period. However, it is unlikely that the number of births will exceed the number hit during the wave of increased fertility (that is, the possibility of a baby boom).","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117346343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ukrainian Refugees in Italy: Activities and Assistance of Caritas and «MIST-IL PONTE» Association","authors":"HOLOVKO L. V., L. E. KOROLYK-BOYKO","doi":"10.15407/dse2022.04.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2022.04.075","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the article is due to the need to create comfortable conditions for Ukrainian refugees in their places of temporary residence in Italy. Since the full-scale invasion of the territory of Ukraine by Russian troops, during February-July 2022, 288 refugees arrived in the city of Gubbio, region of Umbria, most of them women aged 30-45 and minor children. The article reveals the role of the cohesion of the local population, the Ukrainian diaspora, the consolidation of the efforts of state bodies and the informal sector. The purpose of the article is to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of Ukrainian refugees who turn to Caritas and the association “MIST-IL PONTE” in Gubbio for help. In the course of the research, general scientific methods were used: face-to-face survey, analysis, synthesis, generalization. The novelty is the opinion of Ukrainian refugees about the activities of Caritas in cooperation with the association “MIST-IL PONTE” determined for the first time, on the basis of a developed questionnaire. The significance of the Italian government’s support for Ukraine and its refugees has been revealed, in particular on the issues of providing Ukrainian refugees with the temporary protected status, a high level of necessary social, educational and medical services. The results of the survey of Ukrainian refugees, which were taken into account by Caritas and the association “MIST-IL PONTE” in their further work, were analyzed. Minor problems encountered by Ukrainian refugees during their stay in Italy and their causes are identified. The priority of creating comfortable living conditions, receiving social, including educational, services is substantiated, since a significant part of refugees are minors of preschool and school age. Focused attention on the fact that the development and implementation of various thematic activities by the “MIST-IL PONTE” association with the participation of Ukrainian refugees, especially children, contributes to the recovery of their psychological state, rapid adaptation to society, learning the Italian language, culture, customs and traditions of the local population and indicates the solidarity of the Italian people in supporting Ukraine in the fight against the Russian aggressor. The reasons why refugees intend to stay in Italy have been established. Some of them plan to return in a couple of months, and others - after the end of the war in Ukraine. In general, most Ukrainians have already returned. The variety of services received, the constant assistance of Caritas and the professionalism of its volunteers are highly rated by Ukrainian refugees. Caritas in Gubbio operates in 8 parishes, where it has its branches. Thanks to the functioning of the national web-platform, a single registration database has been created, which contains general information about persons, their status and needs. This specificity of activity ensures the provision of high-quality and quick assistance to ev","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134182262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Social Investment","authors":"Yu.V. Horemykina","doi":"10.15407/dse2022.04.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2022.04.118","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to consideration of the role and place of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the context of social investment. The main role of NGOs in social investment is that they are social invertors, which is a driving force behind the implementation of many necessary for society projects. The acuteness of the issue of Ukraine’s recovery leads to a growing demand for new effective methods of interaction between the state and the society, which social investments from NGOs can become. From this point, the study of the characteristics of NGOs as social investors becomes especially relevant. So, the scientific novelty of the presented article is the determination of the specifics of NGOs as social investors, and its purpose is the analysis of the role and place of NGOs in social investment, their opportunities in the course of social investment. The author has used the following methods of scientific research: analysis, comparison, generalization and induction, analogies, abstract logic method. It has been established that the specificity of NGOs as social investors includes a number of important characteristics, including: greater (compared to other social investors) closeness to the problem, greater flexibility during investment implementation, opportunity to make not only financial investments, ability to perform various roles during social investments implementation, use of diversified sources of financing. The main resources that non-governmental organizations can invest are financial resources, material resources, employees’ work, time spent by NGO employees on work within the scope of social investment, their experience, knowledge and skills, their emotional resources. To determine the role of NGOs in social investment, two parameters are taken into account: 1) the ratio of financial and other types of investments, 2) the nature of the organization’s activities. According to the ratio of financial and other types of investments, NGOs can perform the role of direct investor, which means taking all the costs associated with the investment upon themselves, transferring all the funds necessary to solve a certain problem directly to the target group; or the role of donor, i.e. transfer their resources not directly to the target group, but to other organizations (including NGOs); or the role of donor and recipient at the same time, which means investing not only one’s own but also donor resources. Foreign researchers have identified the main roles of non-governmental organizations according to the nature of the organization’s activities, which are: the role of an investor, the role of a co-founder, the role of a provider, and the role of an experimenter.","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"195 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113982710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Inequality in the System of Social and Labor Relations: Problems and Prospects for Overcoming","authors":"M. Petchenko, O. Hlazunova, V. Hyrenko, T. Lytovchenko","doi":"10.15407/dse2022.04.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2022.04.136","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to study the problem of gender inequality in the system of social and labor relations, to determine the prospects for ensuring equal rights and opportunities in the labor market. A statistical analysis of the main indicators of gender inequality in the labor markets of Ukraine and other countries of the world has been carried out, it has been established that until now there is a stereotyped perception of the social role of a woman by society, which causes her high load of unpaid work and creates additional barriers in the system of social and labor relations. An algorithm for calculating the index of gender equality in the labor market using the method of taxonomic analysis has been proposed. The given approach involves the generalization of partial indicators of gender equality and provides the possibility for a consolidated assessment of the level of overcoming gender stereotypes in the system of social and labor relations. The results of the integrated assessment according to the proposed methodology can serve as a basis for operational monitoring and determination of priority directions for further work to prevent and overcome the consequences of gender discrimination. A generalized cause-and-effect model of gender inequality in the domestic system of social and labor relations has been built. A brief overview of state measures aimed at overcoming the gender gap and ensuring equal rights of all citizens on the way to personal and professional realization has been carried out. Methods of statistical analysis, comparison, methods of analysis and synthesis, graphic method were used to achieve the goal of the research. It has been established that Ukraine implements measures to overcome gender stereotypes in all spheres and at all levels of social relations, in particular, work is underway to strengthen the legal foundation of equal rights and opportunities for all citizens, regardless of their gender identity. Ensuring gender equality in all areas of social life, in particular, in social and labor relations, requires further development and implementation of measures to destroy stereotyped perceptions of the social roles of men and women, to overcome all manifestations of gender discrimination and stereotyping.","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124083346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 on Mortality and Life Expectancy in Ukraine in 2020-2021","authors":"P. Shevchuk","doi":"10.15407/dse2022.04.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2022.04.023","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing intensity of movement of people between countries and continents, humanity has become more vulnerable to the spread of diseases on a global scale. The rapid spread of COVID-19 in 2020 has led to a significant shift in the mortality structure of the population and tangible losses in average life expectancy. Governments of different countries have responded differently to this challenge. Therefore, it is relevant to compare the experience of Ukraine against the other countries. The purpose of this article is to analyze and quantify the impact of COVID-19 on mortality and life expectancy in Ukraine. The novelty is an estimate of the impact of COVID-19 on mortality in Ukraine by different methods based on the data for the complete years 2020-2021. Methods of calculation and analysis of demographic indicators, life tables, graphic method, decomposition method, and Lee—Carter method were used. The existing definitions of excess mortality are analyzed. Based on the use of 6 methods it is determined that the pandemic led to an increase in the number of deaths in Ukraine (without Donbas and Crimea) from 92.7 to 241.5 thousand. Most estimates fall into the range of 147.5-224.2 thousand. It is shown that the biggest number of excess deaths is observed in older age groups, especially 65-84 years. The highest loss of life potential occurred in the 65-74 age group. In 2020-2021, life expectancy at birth for women decreased by 2.62 years, while for men the reduction was 1.77 years. The increase in mortality from COVID-19 resulted in a loss of 1.91 and 1.51 years, respectively. In 2020-2021, a sharp increase in mortality from respiratory diseases was recorded. It is shown that mortality from this class of diseases has a direct strong (correlation coefficient 0.91) and significant (p< 0.001) correlation with mortality from COVID-19. The relationship between these causes of death is supported by a similar effect on the age pattern of life expectancy losses. The increase in the overall male mortality rate was significantly mitigated by decrease in mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases, as well as external causes of death. Women, due to their much lower mortality rates from these classes of causes, have a markedly lower potential for improvement in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to expand and facilitate access to professional medical care and not limit it, as was done during lockdowns and quarantines.","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124385716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ways and Mechanisms of Immigrants’ Legal Status Obtaining in Ukraine","authors":"І. Maidanik","doi":"10.15407/dse2022.04.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2022.04.062","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the processes of legal status obtaining by immigrants in Ukraine in the period before the full-scale aggression of Russia. The purpose of this article is to identify problems and mechanisms of legal status obtaining by this group of persons. The novelty of the article lies in the conceptualization of patterns of obtaining the legal status by immigrants. In the process of working on the article, survey methods, semi-structured interviews, participant observation, focus groups, and self-registration methods were used. Empirical data for preparing the article were obtained in the study “Migrants with irregular status in Ukraine” carried out within the framework of the EU-funded and IOM-implemented project “Migration and Asylum Management Support in Ukraine” (IMMIS). The survey was conducted among experts (leaders of immigrant communities, civil servants, representatives of non-governmental and international organizations dealing with migrant issues) and immigrants. The selection criteria for immigrants were the absence of Ukrainian citizenship, continuous stay in Ukraine for at least two-month period, and reaching the age of majority. The study revealed two ways for immigrants to fall into an unregulated situation: violation of the rules of entry into Ukraine and expiration of the stay period determined by visa or other document. The widespread experience, at least temporary, of proper legal status absence among immigrants is empirically proven. For instance, more than a third (38.6 %) of the interviewed immigrants, who at the time of the interview had the necessary documents for their stay in Ukraine, admitted that they had been in an unregulated legal status for some time in the past. This situation occurred among representatives of different gender, age and educational groups. The key institution for regulating the legal status of foreigners in Ukraine is the State Migration Service. The study revealed several scenarios of contacting the migration service in the process of obtaining documents. A little more than half of the interviewees applied to the migration service on their own, others used the help of intermediaries. The interviewees predominantly cooperated with representatives of international and non-governmental organizations (UNHCR, Right to Protection, HIAS, Rokada). Rarely, individuals were referred to the migration service by familiar Ukrainians or compatriots. The post-war revival of Ukraine should include the modernization of the State Migration Service activity in order to improve the practice of regulating the legal status of foreigners.","PeriodicalId":210079,"journal":{"name":"Demography and social economy","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129291180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}