Niamh M Kelly, Rebecca Wells, Rosalind Sharpe, Christian Reynolds
{"title":"Mismatches between UK food supply and dietary guidelines: A dietary gap assessment.","authors":"Niamh M Kelly, Rebecca Wells, Rosalind Sharpe, Christian Reynolds","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980025100633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine how aligned the UK food supply is with the Eatwell Guide and identify discrepancies which should be addressed to support the availability of healthy diets for the population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A dietary gap assessment was carried out on the 2022 UK food supply with FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets (FAO-FBS) data, including domestic production, imports and exports, and excluding animal feed, seeds and non-food uses. Foods were grouped into potatoes and cereals, oils and spreads, dairy, protein, fruit and vegetables, and sugar. The percentage contribution of each food group to the food supply was compared to the Eatwell Guide. An overview of the food supply from 2010-2022 was also created. To triangulate the data, FAO-FBS data were compared with the 2022 data from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>UK, 2010-2022.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>N/A.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of fruit and vegetables, potatoes and cereals in the UK food supply were lower than the Eatwell Guide, while dairy and oil were higher. Only 7% of the food produced in the UK in 2022 was fruit and vegetables. This was the second smallest proportion, after oils and spreads (6%), and about half the amount of sugar beet produced (13%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the relationship between food supply and consumption is complex, taking a more coherent approach by integrating dietary recommendations with the food supply could help increase the availability of the recommended healthy diet. Going forwards, DEFRA should include dietary gap assessments in future Food Security Reports.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne Lene Løvhaug, Lisa Garnweidner-Holme, Marianne Hope Abel, Helen Engelstad Kvalem, Kaja Lund-Iversen, Helle Margrete Meltzer, Hanne Fjerdingby Olsen, Laura Terragni, Arnfinn Helleve
{"title":"Managing engagement among public, private and civil society actors participating in NewTools - a research partnership on food profiling.","authors":"Anne Lene Løvhaug, Lisa Garnweidner-Holme, Marianne Hope Abel, Helen Engelstad Kvalem, Kaja Lund-Iversen, Helle Margrete Meltzer, Hanne Fjerdingby Olsen, Laura Terragni, Arnfinn Helleve","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980025100621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Partnerships between public, private and civil society actors can potentially address food systems challenges. However, such cross-sector partnerships may require management of potential tensions and conflicts of interest. This article presents the development and content of a framework for engagement between food systems actors involved in NewTools, a cross-sector research partnership involving 28 partners from research institutions, government, food industry and civil society. The purpose of the framework is to facilitate engagement of partners and maintain research integrity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This two-phased, iterative study was conducted in 2022. It was guided by recommendations for methodological framework development and was informed by existing frameworks and recommendations as well as two rounds of consultations with partners.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The Norwegian cross-sector research partnership NewTools which aims to develop two food profiling models: one for dietary quality and one for environmental and social impact.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Food systems actors involved in the NewTools project.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NewTools framework consists of four main parts: 1) definition of overarching principles for collaboration (transparency, regular information, adhering to defined roles and responsibilities), 2) descriptions of roles and responsibilities of the partners involved, 3) procedures to ensure involvement and transparency; and 4) identification and mediation of potential conflict areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This article provides an example of how a cross-sector research partnership developed a framework to facilitate engagement between partners with different interest within a food system. Future studies are needed to assess the potential value of frameworks for cross-sector research partnerships towards healthier and more sustainable food systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing public-private partnerships in public health nutrition requires \"deep professionalism\". Editorial comment on \"Managing engagement among public, private and civil society actors participating in NewTools - a research partnership on food profiling\".","authors":"Luc L Hagenaars, Laura A Schmidt","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980025100608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brian Micino Njoroge, Sascha Lamstein, Kathryn Beck, Jackline A Odhiambo, Silvia Alayon, Beatrice C Mutai, Esther Mogusu, Josephine Wandia Munene, James Njiru Kanyuira, Susan A Were, Delaney Ward, Iscah Achieng Akello, Julie Koroso, Caroline K Arimi, Florence Mugo
{"title":"BREASTFEEDING COUNSELLING MENTORSHIP PROGRAM FEASIBILITY: A MIXED-METHODS STUDY.","authors":"Brian Micino Njoroge, Sascha Lamstein, Kathryn Beck, Jackline A Odhiambo, Silvia Alayon, Beatrice C Mutai, Esther Mogusu, Josephine Wandia Munene, James Njiru Kanyuira, Susan A Were, Delaney Ward, Iscah Achieng Akello, Julie Koroso, Caroline K Arimi, Florence Mugo","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980025100591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Determine the feasibility of implementing a facility-based breastfeeding counselling (BFC) mentorship program and its effect on mentee confidence and client perceptions of breastfeeding counselling.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Mbagathi County Referral Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Health facility management, health workers (21 mentees and seven mentors), 120 pregnant women in the third trimester who attended an antenatal care appointment at Mbagathi Hospital and reported receiving BFC during a visit in the 2 weeks prior, and 120 postpartum women in the postnatal care ward who delivered a full-term infant and reported receiving breastfeeding counselling.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Mixed methods study incorporating online surveys, client exit interviews, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. The 4-month intervention involved facility-wide orientations, selection and training of mentors, assigning mentees to mentors, and implementing mentorship activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The program successfully maintained 90.5% mentee retention (19/21) over four months. At baseline, mentees demonstrated high knowledge (94% questions answered correctly) which was maintained at endline (92%). Mentees showed significant improvement in confidence counselling on breastfeeding and infant feeding (67% at baseline vs. 95% at endline, p=0.014). The percentage of ANC clients who felt BFC gave them more knowledge increased from 73% to 97% (p<0.001). Among PNC clients, those reporting friendly treatment increased from 89% to 100% (p=0.007), verbal mistreatment declined from 7% to 0% (p=0.044), and those feeling discriminated decreased from 11% to 2% (p=0.03). Key enablers included administrative support, structured mentorship tools, and peer learning communities. Implementation barriers included scheduling conflicts, staff shortages, and high patient volumes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BFC mentorship was feasible in this setting and was associated with improved health worker confidence in BFC. The program can be successfully implemented with supportive facility leadership, well-matched mentors and mentees, and adaptable mentorship approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vanessa N Cardino, Selin Sergin, Sarah K Zalwango, Jenifer I Fenton, Amara E Ezeamama
{"title":"Associations between perinatal HIV-related risk factors and select serum polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels among Ugandan children and adolescents.","authors":"Vanessa N Cardino, Selin Sergin, Sarah K Zalwango, Jenifer I Fenton, Amara E Ezeamama","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980025100451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To (1) determine how serum fatty acid (FA) levels differ by developmental stage, (2) quantify associations between perinatal HIV-related factors and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, and (3) examine the heterogeneity of these associations by developmental stage.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data from two prospective cohorts.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Kampala, Uganda.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>243 children (6-10-years old) and 383 adolescents (11-18-years old) were recruited at Kawaala Health Center based on perinatal HIV status. Youth (children and adolescents) were classified as: those with perinatal HIV infection (PHIV: n=212), those perinatally HIV exposed but remained uninfected (HEU: n=211), and those perinatally HIV unexposed and uninfected (HUU: n=203).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents had lower <i>n</i>-6 and <i>n</i>-3 PUFA levels than children, and among adolescents, these levels increased with age. Relative to children HUU, children PHIV had a higher triene:tetraene ratio and 20:3<i>n</i>-9 (indicators of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD)). Adolescents PHIV vs. HUU had lower 20:5<i>n</i>-3 levels. When considering <i>in-utero</i>/peripartum antiretroviral therapy (IPA) exposure, FA profile was indicative of EFAD for youth PHIV with a) no IPA exposure and b) combination IPA exposure, whereas non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor+nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor exposure was associated with a favorable FA profile among youth PHIV and HEU (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this sample, perinatal HIV status was associated with low PUFA levels, and these associations varied by developmental stage and IPA exposure type. Future research should elucidate the contribution of IPA exposure type to EFAD and the implications of these differences on growth and cognitive development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Culinary medicine course: qualitative assessment of an innovative pedagogical approach.","authors":"Maryline Vivion, Valérie Trottier, Michel Lucas","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100414","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980025100414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>While nutrition plays a major role in health, medical students have generally not received adequate nutritional education, lack confidence in their nutritional knowledge and feel unqualified to offer nutrition advice to future patients. Culinary medicine programmes have been developed to address this gap and employ an active learning approach that integrates medical and nutritional learning with the acquisition of culinary competencies and skills. This study aimed to qualitatively evaluate the Université Laval culinary medicine course based on students' experiences of the course structure, active learning approach and its influence on their lifestyle, clinical practice and future approach to nutrition as physicians.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Discussion groups were conducted. Thematic content analysis of discussion group data was performed.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A first French-language culinary medicine course was developed and pilot tested at Université Laval. The curriculum of this course combined online training videos on medical and nutritional concepts, hands-on cooking sessions and the realisation of a collaborative project.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Pre-clerkship medical students enrolled in the elective culinary medicine course at each pilot project semesters (fall 2022: <i>n</i> 12, winter 2023: <i>n</i> 12).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students valued the course's innovative active learning approach, noting improvements in their diet, nutrition and cooking knowledge, skills, self-efficacy and confidence. They also developed greater critical thinking regarding nutrition and recognised their role in collaborating with dietitians.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The culinary medicine course demonstrated prospective benefits for medical students, potentially improving their personal and future patients' health and the integration of nutrition into medical education and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cassandra J Nikodijevic, Yasmine C Probst, Sze-Yen Tan, Elizabeth P Neale
{"title":"Knowledge, practices and perceptions of nut metabolisable energy on nutrition labels in Australia: consumers' and stakeholders' perspectives.","authors":"Cassandra J Nikodijevic, Yasmine C Probst, Sze-Yen Tan, Elizabeth P Neale","doi":"10.1017/S136898002510058X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S136898002510058X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Nut consumption is low, with concern regarding weight gain as a barrier to intake. However, evidence indicates no association between nut consumption and body weight. The metabolisable energy of nuts may partly explain this phenomenon. This study aims to qualitatively explore perceptions of presenting nut metabolisable energy on nutrition labels, and the potential influence this may have on consumption.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Semi-structured focus groups and interviews, with an inductive, reflexive approach to thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Online (Australia).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>18 years or older, with either no formal nutrition education (consumer group) or formal training and working in nutrition/dietetics, public health, food industry, food regulation or nut growing (stakeholder group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four focus groups and nine interviews consisting of twenty participants (<i>n</i> 8 consumers, <i>n</i> 12 stakeholders) in total were conducted. Five major themes were generated: (i) knowledge of nuts varies, and the healthfulness of nuts is conditional on use and preparation, (ii) nuts are versatile in the diet; the intake is low, (iii) consumers perceive over-eating nuts leads to weight gain, while stakeholders consider the whole dietary pattern, (iv) nutrition labelling is confusing for consumers and needs to be transparent and positively framed, if used and (v) knowing nut metabolisable energy will have limited perceived impact on nut consumption and advice and is dependent on the individual and product.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that perceptions of presenting nut metabolisable energy on labels are multi-layered, indicating this strategy may not be straightforward in resolving concerns about weight. Other strategies should be considered to promote nut consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellen Johnson, Hafizah Jusril, Liza Pratiwi, Suci Trisnasari, Anne Marie Thow, Cut Novianti Rachmi
{"title":"Looking towards the sweet, sweet future: a political economy analysis of sugar and nutrition policy in Indonesia.","authors":"Ellen Johnson, Hafizah Jusril, Liza Pratiwi, Suci Trisnasari, Anne Marie Thow, Cut Novianti Rachmi","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100566","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980025100566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify politico-economic factors relating to policy surrounding the production, processing and trade of sugar in Indonesia and identify strategies to support improved integration of national nutrition and food security priorities with respect to sugar.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a qualitative policy analysis, informed by political economy and power analysis approaches and drawing on both documentary policy data and interviews.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Interviewees from various national and sub-national government and non-government sectors, with expertise in health and food safety (<i>n</i> 7), finance and economics (<i>n</i> 2), trade and industry (<i>n</i> 3) and others (<i>n</i> 4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sugar was articulated as a policy priority in three distinct ways: (1) sugar as an economic good; (2) sugar in relation to health and (3) sugar as a commodity for food security. High political priority was given to national economic development, as well as concerns relating to farmer rights and welfare. Nutrition priorities and objectives to reduce sugar consumption were addressed in health policies; however, they were not reflected in production and economic policies promoting sugar.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Creating opportunities to diversify agricultural production and ensuring a just transition to protect the livelihoods of sugar farmers in Indonesia will be crucial in enabling the achievement of nutrition priorities to reduce sugar consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discordant experiences of food insecurity within households in Cameroon: an examination of data from the 2018 Demographic and Health Surveys.","authors":"Caroline E Owens, Zhenan An, Craig Hadley","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100578","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980025100578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the degree to which cohabiting couples (men and women) in Cameroon responded differently to the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and, where discordance exists, to test hypothesised drivers of difference.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This cross-sectional study employed descriptive statistics and multivariable regression analyses using R.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Nationally representative sample of cohabiting adults in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>2889 couples (male/female; 5778 total adults) from the Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey (2018) couples recode.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Food insecurity was more prevalent and reported with higher severity among men compared with women. Discordance in reported food insecurity was evident in 57-79 % of cohabiting couples in the dataset, depending on the measure used. Discordance was not clearly associated with household wealth. Further, among couples with discordant food insecurity experiences, men more often affirmed items that their partners did not affirm. Contrary to our hypotheses, items reflecting <i>household</i> food security did not show greater agreement among couples than did individual items. Of our hypothesised predictors, only current employment status among men was significantly associated with the difference in food security scores among couples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the importance of examining intrahousehold differences in food security. Understanding how individuals within a household experience and perceive their food situation and the underlying factors driving disparities is crucial for improving the effectiveness of targeted food and nutrition policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianhui Liu, Bachir Kassas, John Lai, Rodolfo M Nayga
{"title":"Identifying the best FDA-endorsed healthy label designs through best-worst scaling experiment.","authors":"Jianhui Liu, Bachir Kassas, John Lai, Rodolfo M Nayga","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025100542","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980025100542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to assess consumer preferences for fifteen proposed front-of-package 'Healthy' label candidates under the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) of the US updated guidelines for the 'Healthy' label. The goal of this study is to identify which label designs best align with consumer preferences, thereby supporting the FDA's efforts to promote healthier dietary choices through effective labelling.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A best-worst scaling (BWS) experiment was conducted using a balanced incomplete block design to assess consumer preferences for the fifteen FDA-proposed 'Healthy' labels. Participants completed fifteen best-worst scaling choice tasks where they identified the 'best' and 'worst' design from three randomly presented options in each task.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The experiment was conducted in a controlled laboratory setting in the USA.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Three hundred and eight US adult consumers who are primary household shoppers without dietary restrictions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from the random parameter logit model indicate that labels 12 and 8 emerged as the most preferred designs, with preference shares of 16·7 and 16·1 %, respectively. These two labels featured a prominent 'Healthy' display with bold blue font, balanced colour themes and check marks, which likely contributed to their appeal. The Krinsky and Robb bootstrapping method confirmed the statistical significance of the preferences for these labels over others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies two labels as the most preferred FDA-proposed 'Healthy' label designs, offering clear guidance to policymakers on effective labelling strategies. By adopting a consumer-preferred design, the FDA's 'Healthy' label may have greater potential to influence healthier food choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12264771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}