Psychophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Electrodermal Activity: The Potential of Psychophysiology in Pain Assessment.","authors":"Faidra Papanikolaou, Rasmus Bach Nedergaard, Asbjørn Mohr Drewes, Kirstine Skov Benthien","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70276","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite progress in pain management, breakthrough pain, defined as sudden, severe episodes that occur despite ongoing treatment, remains a persistent challenge. Current assessment relies on subjective self-report scales that fail patients who are unable to communicate and cannot provide the continuous monitoring needed for episodes that peak within 5-30 min. Objective, real-time monitoring tools could improve pain assessment and management. This narrative review examines electrodermal activity, a noninvasive measure of sympathetic nervous system activation, as a potential objective biomarker for breakthrough pain. Evidence from experimental studies demonstrates that EDA responds proportionally to pain intensity and can differentiate painful stimuli from emotional or sensory confounders. Clinical studies using wearable devices show that machine learning models combining EDA with heart rate variability achieve over 80% accuracy in detecting pain levels and predicting analgesic use. However, clinical implementation faces challenges: inter-individual variability, autonomic changes in chronic pain, motion artifacts, and confounding variables from medications and emotional states. Clinical trials examining patient outcomes, rather than detection accuracy alone, are necessary to establish clinical value and integrate it in breakthrough pain management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Body Knows What the Mind Does Not: Uncertainty Affects Physiological Markers of Deception.","authors":"Giulia Romano Cappi, Ilaria Mirlisenna, Alessandro Mazza, Olga Dal Monte","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70273","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans, as social beings, may choose to be either truthful or deceptive to achieve personal benefits. Although deception and truth-telling are distinct, both rely on an individual's certainty about the world, shaping responses associated with honesty or lying. However, our surrounding environment is often characterized by a lack of certainty, and little is known about the psychophysiological responses in situations of uncertainty, where individuals lack confidence in whether their statements are truthful or deceptive. In this study, we implemented a within-subject design where thirty-two participants (mean age: 23.94; age range: 19-32; 17 females) were asked to persuade another person about the goodness of their performance in cognitively demanding tasks, while their self-confidence, electrodermal activity (EDA), and facial muscle activity were measured under three conditions: Deception, Uncertainty, and Truth. Participants reported lower self-confidence in convincing an interlocutor of their great results during Deception compared to Truth. Deceptive behavior was also associated with increased physiological arousal (trough-to-peak; TTP) compared to truth-telling. Crucially, when faced with uncertainty, participants exhibited behavioral and physiological responses that fell in between those of Deception and Truth, self-enhancing their performance while retaining residual characteristics of deception at the implicit level. We propose that these results could be framed within a continuum between truth and deception, where uncertainty can give rise to a form of partial deception, allowing individuals to enhance their self-confidence while reducing the social and physiological drawbacks of lying.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12982658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147444172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared Neural Codes for Emotion Recognition in Emoji and Human Faces.","authors":"Madeline Molly Ely, Chloe Kelsey, Géza Gergely Ambrus","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70268","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Facial expressions are critical social signals that support human communication. In digital contexts, emojis serve as a primary surrogate for nonverbal cues such as facial expressions; however, little is known about the extent to which emoji expressions are processed using neural mechanisms similar to those engaged by real human faces. To address this question, we used EEG-based multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) to examine the neural dynamics of emotional expression processing in real faces and emoji faces. Across two experiments using identical paradigms, independent groups of participants viewed facial expressions (happy, angry, sad, neutral) in real faces (4 female and 4 male identities, n = 24) or emojis (6 platforms, n = 25) while performing a two-alternative forced-choice emotion recognition task. Time-resolved multivariate classification and spatio-temporal searchlight analyses revealed robust decoding of emotional expressions within and across experiments. Consistent effects emerged early and peaked between 145 and 160 ms over posterior-occipital and parietal regions. Notably, robust cross-classification between real and emoji faces demonstrated that face-like emoji stimuli evoke neural responses comparable to those elicited by real faces, with more sustained effects over right posterior sites. These findings suggest that the brain uses partially overlapping spatio-temporal codes for naturalistic and symbolic facial expressions, providing new insights into the neural coding of social signals and the representational overlap between natural and artificial emotional expressions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147345036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Temporal Predictability of Threat and Action Preparation Affect Defensive Freezing Responses.","authors":"Alina Koppold, Mana R Ehlers, Alexandros Kastrinogiannis, Felix H Klaassen, Karin Roelofs, Tina B Lonsdorf","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70278","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Defensive responses to threat are critical for survival and often involve freezing-like behavior, which has been linked to action preparation. However, it remains unclear how this preparatory mechanism is influenced by unpredictable aversive stimuli that are difficult to discriminate or anticipate. In this study, we introduce a modified paradigm to examine how freezing-like behavior is affected by action preparation under temporal threat predictability, unpredictability, and safety. Using a multimodal approach in a large sample (n = 235, 148 female), we assessed postural sway and heart rate as markers of freezing-like behavior, alongside skin conductance levels, electromyographic startle responses, behavioral performance, and subjective ratings. Behaviorally, participants responded faster but less accurately under threat compared to safety, replicating previous findings. Physiologically, threat conditions were associated with both parasympathetically mediated postural freezing and sympathetically driven increases in skin conductance. Importantly, the temporal (un)predictability of threat did not modulate freezing-like behavior or skin conductance responses. Startle responses were generally inhibited during all conditions (threat and safety) relative to the inter-trial interval. These findings indicate that action preparation under threat involves concurrent activation of both parasympathetic (postural freezing) and sympathetic systems (skin conductance), consistent with animal models of freezing. The absence of modulation by temporal threat unpredictability may be indicative of a generalized defensive mode that prioritizes readiness over specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13004758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147491639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Improve the Reliability of Aperiodic Parameter Estimates in M/EEG: A Method Comparison.","authors":"Patrycja Kałamała, Grace M Clements, Mate Gyurkovics, Tao Chen, Kathy A Low, Monica Fabiani, Gabriele Gratton","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70272","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interest in broadband aperiodic brain activity (1/f phenomenon) has increased exponentially over recent years, partly fueled by the development of tools to parameterize it (i.e., estimate its offset/intercept and exponent/slope) using the M/EEG power spectrum. Broadband aperiodic activity needs to be separated from narrowband periodic activity before its parameters are computed. A popular method, the fooof toolbox, is based on the data-driven detection of narrowband-periodic peaks, whose maximum number is set by the user. While increasing analytic flexibility, variability in the number of detected peaks may increase sensitivity to noise and reduce the reliability of aperiodic parameter estimates and the power of analytic pipelines. Here, we present an investigation of the effects of analytic choices (e.g., number of peaks, spectral estimation method) on metrics indicating the adequacy of spectral parametrization. These include the internal consistency (odd-even reliability) of aperiodic estimates, the number of outliers generated, and their ability to detect effects. Across two different data sets (resting state and task-based), we found a decrease in the reliability of intercept and slope estimates as more peaks were allowed to be extracted. To ameliorate this problem, we propose a theory-driven modification of fooof labeled censored regression, whereby a theory-driven range of frequencies expected to contain periodic activity is removed from all spectra, and the remaining power values are regressed on the remaining frequencies to obtain parameter estimates. This method shows more reliable and robust estimates compared to fooof, while avoiding overfitting.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13000880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147481548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nocturnal Risk Assessment and Its Association With Anxiety Symptoms.","authors":"Derek P Spangler, Richa Gautam, Jennifer T Kubota, Jasmin Cloutier, Nina Lauharatanahirun","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70275","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human risk assessment (RA), the attentional and behavioral activities involved in detecting and analyzing threat, is feasibly enhanced at night to protect against hidden danger. However, this enhanced RA at night might come at a cost and thus signal increased risk for anxiety disorders. To test the hypothesis that the nighttime enhances RA and its associations with anxiety, the current study randomly assigned healthy volunteers (N = 87, Mean age = 22.4; 69% Female) to visit the laboratory at day or night. Participants completed a novel task that presented images depicting neutral content, injury threat (e.g., weapon) or infection threat (e.g., person sneezing). Each image was followed by a lottery decision. The task estimated RA's attentional component as threat-induced bradycardia-cardiac deceleration to threat images. RA's behavioral component was estimated as threat-induced risk aversion-decrease in risky choice following threat images. Anxiety symptoms were self-reported on the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The cardiac results partially supported the \"nocturnal enhancement\" hypothesis: (1) The night but not the day group exhibited a sustained, non-habituating pattern of threat-induced bradycardia to infection threat images. (2) In the night but not the day group, individuals with higher bradycardia to infection images had a higher likelihood of elevated anxiety. Contrary to predictions, bradycardia to injury threat and risk aversion metrics, as well as their relations to anxiety symptoms, were not higher at night. Overall, time-of-day is shown to be an important variable to consider in studies of human threat responses and anxiety disorder risk. Based on our findings, the intuitive idea that humans have elevated RA at night is not straightforward; instead, the nighttime may selectively activate attentional orienting (vis-à-vis bradycardia) to ambiguous stimuli like those signaling risk of illness, with these nocturnal enhancements being subject to individual differences in anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13009328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Distinct Roles of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Cognitive Control: Evidence From Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation.","authors":"Xiyun Chen, Ginger Qinghong Zeng, Ru Ma, Nan Li, Mingsong Zhang, Xiaochu Zhang","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.70269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correlational evidence has accumulated on the distinct roles of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) in cognitive control. However, causal evidence, especially regarding the dACC, is lacking. One of the main reasons is the limited focality and penetration depth of the conventional transcranial stimulation methods in targeting deep brain regions. This study aims to provide evidence for the dlPFC and dACC's roles in cognitive control using a novel transcranial stimulation method, i.e., temporal interference (TI) stimulation. By comparing pre- and post-stimulation effects on the conflict effect (CE) across individuals with different levels of working memory capacity (WMC), we seek to elucidate the differential impact of stimulating these brain regions and their interaction with WMC in enhancing cognitive control abilities. Cognitive control was assessed using the CE in a Stroop task. The study compared the pre- and post-stimulation effects of TI stimulation (dlPFC, dACC, and sham) on CE among individuals with varying levels of WMC. The results showed that dACC stimulation enhanced cognitive control regardless of WMC, while dlPFC stimulation improved control only in low WMC individuals. Distinct effects of dlPFC and dACC stimulation on cognitive control in varying WMC levels support the hypothesis that they play differing roles. TI stimulation shows promise for enhancing cognitive control.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling Respiratory Phase-Dependent and Phase-Independent Components of Anticipatory Cardiac Deceleration.","authors":"Ege Kingir, Sukanya Chakraborty, Caspar M Schwiedrzik, Melanie Wilke","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70271","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The heart does not beat like a metronome: varying parasympathetic input to the heart leads to constant heart rate variability. Vagal cardiomotor neuron activity is coupled to the respiratory cycle, leading to respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a permanent oscillation of heart rate synchronized to respiration. Heart rate also temporarily decelerates in specific conditions such as in freezing due to perceived threat or in anticipation of a salient stimulus. Anticipatory cardiac deceleration (ACD) is observed consistently in anticipation of a stimulus in perceptual tasks, but its relationship with perceptual performance is debated. Previous quantifications of ACD neglect ongoing heart rate oscillations due to RSA, which may have led to inconsistencies in the ACD-related analyses across studies. Here, we suggest a novel approach to estimate trial-averaged RSA amplitude and respiratory phase-independent cardiac deceleration simultaneously and apply it to an EEG-ECG dataset from a visual detection task. While the total ACD was not associated with perception, dissociating RSA-dependent and non-respiratory cardiac modulations revealed that they showed negative and positive correlations with perceptual performance, respectively. Additionally, we found that participants with higher ACD amplitudes also displayed larger Visual Awareness Negativity potentials, further supporting a contribution of ACD to visual perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12969548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous Modulation of Alpha Power During a Neurofeedback Session Without Instructions.","authors":"Jacob Maaz, Véronique Paban, Laurent Waroquier, Arnaud Rey","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70285","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electroencephalographic neurofeedback (EEG-NF) enables individuals to self-regulate specific EEG features with real-time sensory feedback. Despite clinical and cognitive-enhancement applications, the mechanisms underlying the EEG modulation remain poorly understood. Particularly, alpha activity (8-12 Hz) upregulation may occur independently of the participants' volitional control. We previously reported spontaneous increases in alpha power during a passive neurofeedback-like task using pre-recorded EEG feedback. In the present study, we replicated this protocol while implementing an EEG-NF procedure using real-time alpha power. Thirty-two healthy adults observed a gray circle whose size was either fixed (control) or continuously updated at 1, 5 or 10 Hz (experimental conditions). Importantly, participants were not informed of the nature of the feedback and received no instructions for self-regulation. We evaluated the effects of (i) trial repetition, (ii) the presence (control vs. experimental conditions), (iii) the frequency (1, 5 or 10 Hz) and (iv) the source (online vs. offline alpha) of feedback update on EEG features classically targeted by EEG-NF. Importantly, we observed robust increases in alpha power over time independently of the presence, frequency and source of feedback update. The presence, frequency and source of feedback update did not influence the EEG features considered. These findings suggest that alpha EEG-NF upregulation may arise from spontaneous dynamics, such as time-on-task effects, rather than the hypothesized self-regulation mechanism. The assumption that observed alpha increases reflect successful neurofeedback learning is thus called into question. More broadly, the present study highlights the importance of including control conditions and accounting for non-specific effects when evaluating EEG-NF outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 3","pages":"e70285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13011910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Conductance Response Related EEG Oscillations-Computational Modeling Evidence.","authors":"Saša Branković","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.70257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several lines of evidence suggest a feasibility to define the skin conductance response (SCR) related EEG activity. The problem of the precise time localization of the SCR-related oscillations (SCR-ROs) has been resolved through computational dealing with the SCR signal itself and taking into account the variability of latency of the SCR. The SCR-ROs have been identified as delta-frequency EEG activity with an initial deep negative deflection. The thesis about the existence of the SCR-ROs has been tested through a computational modeling study applying the system identification approach considering the SCR-ROs as the output of the system. The study involved 20 participants and the stimuli for the elicitation of the SCR were slide presentations of short stories from the contemporary literature. Single-trial SCR-ROs have shown to be convenient for the system identification modeling approach. The EEG epochs were 1.5 s long and delays between the SCR-ROs and the respective SCRs were 1.0-4.0 s. Obtained values of the system parameters in the whole sample of the single-trial based models of the SCR-ROs have a modest variability. Validity of the concept of the SCR-ROs was tested by a Monte Carlo analysis at the level of each participant. The difference in average, median, and maximum value of the model fit in the system identification modeling between the true SCR-ROs and fake EEG epochs was significant at the level p < 0.001 in the sense of better fit in the true SCR-related epochs in 17 participants and in three subjects the significance reached the level of p < 0.05. The finding represents a proof of concept for the SCR-ROs and suggests the possibility for a psychophysiological observability of the neural system which is shared by processes which generate both the SCR and the SCR-ROs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 2","pages":"e70257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}