Psychophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Altering Affective Responses and Emotional Reactivity Through Acute Bouts of Aerobic Exercise With and Without Mindfulness.","authors":"Salim Onbasi, Wojciech Kielbus, C J Brush, Steve Amireault, Sarah Ullrich-French, Yu-Kai Chang, Shih-Chun Kao","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70405","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the beneficial effects of acute aerobic exercise (AE) and mindfulness (MF) on emotional well-being are well-documented, whether these two intervention modalities can be combined to maximize these benefits remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effect of AE and MF on affective responses and emotional reactivity. Using a within-subject crossover design, self-reported affect was assessed from 30 adults (15 male) aged 18-25 before and after a 30 min session of mindful AE (MF-AE), non-mindful AE (NM-AE), and seated rest on three separate days in counterbalanced order. Following each intervention, emotional reactivity was measured by the late positive potential (LPP) of event-related potential (ERP) during a computerized picture-viewing task consisting of neutral and pleasant/unpleasant emotional content. Analysis indicated no between-condition differences in affect at the pretest, while there was increased positive affect for MF-AE and NM-AE conditions compared with rest at posttest. Although LPP amplitudes did not differ between conditions, greater negative (LPP_unpleasant-LPP_neutral) compared to positive (LPP_pleasant-LPP_neutral) emotional reactivity was observed with small-to-moderate and moderate-to-larger effect sizes following the NM-AE and rest conditions, respectively. However, this reactivity-related difference was absent following the MF-AE condition. Subsequent analyses indicated reduced dominance of negative reactivity during both the early (400-1200 ms) and later (1200-2000 ms) post-stimulus windows following the MF-AE condition, while this mitigation effect emerged only during the later window following the NM-AE condition. In addition to the AE-induced acute benefits to self-reported affective outcomes, performing MF during AE may accelerate the elimination of the tendency in reacting to negative emotion-eliciting stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13614478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149064183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation at Olfactory Bulb-Relevant Frequencies Modulates Human Olfactory Function.","authors":"Anja L Winter, Andrea Aejmelaeus-Lindström, Kristen Gregory, Gregory Francis, Cristina Jaen, Pamela Dalton, Evelina Thunell, Artin Arshamian, Johan N Lundström","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70408","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) is a noninvasive technique that engages central neuromodulatory pathways and has been shown to modulate sensory processing across multiple modalities. Here, we investigated whether tVNS influences human olfactory perception. Sixty-seven healthy adults were assigned to one of two stimulation frequency groups, 25 Hz (beta) or 55 Hz (gamma), and each received 20 min of tVNS applied to the left cymba concha as well as a control condition with identical stimulation delivered to the left earlobe. Odor discrimination, odor intensity, and visual attention were assessed before and after stimulation. Gamma frequency tVNS significantly decreased odor discrimination performance, whereas beta frequency did not. Odor intensity ratings increased modestly following stimulation in both groups, with a stronger effect observed after gamma-frequency tVNS. There were no changes in visual attention, and the stimulation intensity, which was selected by the participant, was not associated with olfactory outcomes. These findings demonstrate that tVNS can modulate human olfactory processing in a frequency-dependent manner. The selective effect of gamma frequency, that is, the known processing frequency of the human olfactory bulb, implies inhibitory interneuron engagement in the olfactory bulb. These findings demonstrate that noninvasive tVNS can modulate human olfactory processing in a frequency-specific manner and highlight stimulation frequency as a critical parameter for future translational applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13598272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149025592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Neural Dynamics Underlying Reward Expectation Formation and Outcome Processing: Insights From ERP and Time-Frequency Analyses.","authors":"Matthew D Bachman, Kaya Scheman, René San Martin, Scott A Huettel, Marty G Woldorff","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70387","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reward expectations are fundamental to theories of decision making and reinforcement learning. While prior research has focused on how expectations can influence outcome processing, far fewer studies have investigated how these expectations are actually formed. To address this gap, we measured EEG activity from participants as they completed a two-stage binary-choice task designed to separate the formation of expectations about outcome probabilities from the processing of actual reward outcomes. To more fully examine the neural mechanisms underlying each stage, we measured the Reward Positivity (RewP) and P3b time-domain event-related potential (ERP) components, as well as the delta- and theta-band activity underlying each ERP. During the Outcome Probability stage, participants learned the likelihood of their choice winning on that trial. Each measure of RewP-latency activity (ERP, delta, theta) was larger for outcomes that were certain to occur, but each measure diverged in its relationship to outcome valence. Conversely, all P3b-latency measures were increased for losses that were certain to occur. Notably, changes in RewP-Theta, not in ERP components, provided the earliest marker of sensitivity to certain losses. At the Actual Outcome stage, the RewP and P3b-ERPs were larger for unexpected wins, consistent with theories of reward prediction errors and context updating. Delta activity generally followed the patterns observed in its temporally matched ERP but displayed an inconsistent relationship with outcome valence, suggesting that it may reflect contextualized feedback processing rather than a specific win-related signal. Theta was insensitive to outcome valence and only sensitive to expectations at longer latencies, indicating a shift from valence-sensitive processing during expectation formation to a broader role in monitoring expectancy violations. Together, the results underscore the importance of temporally and functionally distinguishing between the expectation formation and outcome phases, while demonstrating the value of multimethodological analytical approaches to fully capture the dynamic nature of reward-based decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Short-Term Versus Long-Term Effects of Acceptance and Moderation by Stimulus Arousal Level.","authors":"Nicole R Baughman, Annmarie MacNamara","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70410","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Negative emotion down-regulation strategies vary in the depth of emotional engagement they entail, which may lead to different short- versus longer-term effects. Acceptance is an emotion regulation strategy in which an individual allows emotions to be present without letting them fuse with the self or overwhelm their experience. Acceptance involves a relatively deep level of emotional processing but has been understudied compared to other engaged strategies. In particular, it is unknown whether acceptance is subject to the same moderators (e.g., stimulus arousal level) and how this might vary in the short versus longer term. Here, participants (n = 79) accepted or viewed low- and high-arousing negative pictures. Immediately after, a subset of participants (n = 33) viewed the same pictures, without instructions to regulate. In the first task, acceptance reduced the late positive potential (LPP) to low-, but not high-arousing pictures only early on during picture presentation. Additionally, acceptance reduced arousal ratings for both low- and high-arousing pictures. In the second task, previously accepted low- and high-arousing pictures elicited smaller LPPs than previously viewed pictures, with this effect emerging more quickly for low-arousing pictures. Arousal and valence ratings did not differ between previously accepted versus viewed pictures. Therefore, although acceptance may be less effective at reducing the motivational salience of high-arousing stimuli in the short term, it leads to longer-term reductions in electrocortical processing of both low- and high-arousing pictures. Results extend the engagement-disengagement framework to include acceptance, suggesting that it shares strengths and weaknesses with other engaged emotion regulation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13614480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149064196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical Contributions to Attentional Orienting and Response Cancellation in Action Stopping.","authors":"Sarah A Kemp, Sauro Salomoni, Pierre-Louis Bazin, Luke Pash, Rebecca J St George, Mark R Hinder","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70397","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Action cancellation involves the termination of planned or ongoing movement, likely initiated in the cortex by the pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). It is frequently examined using the stop-signal task; electromyography (EMG) studies have shown action cancellation (in stop trials) can involve the partial activation of the responding muscles, which does not result in an overt behavioral response. The neural correlates of these partial responses are not well understood. Here, we combined functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and EMG to examine the neural correlates of terminated actions (partial responses) in a response- and stimulus-selective stop signal task, controlling for attentional confounds by comparing neural activity in stop and ignore trials. fNIRS analyses revealed increased preSMA activity in successful stop compared to ignore trials, but no such differences in the IFG, consistent with postulations that the preSMA is involved uniquely in action cancellation, while the IFG responds generically to unexpected stimuli. Critically, preSMA activity was greater in trials without partial muscle activation, potentially due to proactive inhibitory processes pre-emptively suppressing motor output in these trials. These findings advance understanding of some of the neurophysiological dynamics involved in action cancellation and highlight the utility of combining fNIRS with EMG in this domain.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Location of Nociceptive Stimulus in the Peripersonal Space Impacts Pain Experience.","authors":"Béla Bucsai, Áron Horváth, Ádám Koncz, Ferenc Köteles","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70396","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripersonal space (PPS) is the area surrounding the body where we can reach, see, and interact with objects, acting as a dynamic interface between us and the environment. We expected that pain stimuli closer to the body center in the PPS would result in higher pain intensity, increment in heart rate (HR), and skin-conductance response (SCR). It was also assumed that proprioceptive systematic error toward the body center, and psychological factors such as negative affect, pain catastrophizing, and somatosensory amplification would show a positive association with pain. Sixty individuals participated in this preregistered experiment (age: 22.9 ± 6.2 years, 76% female). Thermal pain stimulation was applied on the forearm at different stimulation sites and at different elbow joint positions. Joint Position Reproduction test in the elbow joint was used to assess proprioceptive systematic error. Psychological constructs were measured with questionnaires. Based on linear mixed models, elbow position, and stimulation site showed significant main effects and interaction when the outcome was pain intensity. By adding psychological factors to the models as covariates, pain catastrophizing showed a positive association, while state negative affect showed a negative association with perceived pain. Trait negative affect, somatosensory amplification, and proprioceptive accuracy did not influence pain reports. Beyond the traditionally included tactile, visual, and auditory modalities, proprioception should be considered in a more complex conceptualization of PPS. Our results indicate that the location of thermal stimulation might influence pain intensity within the PPS, and that a complex interplay exists between proprioceptive information and stimulation site.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reaction Time Variability and Electrophysiological Indices of Performance Monitoring in Youths With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.","authors":"Gregory L Hanna, Yanni Liu, Barbara S Hanna, Paul D Arnold, William J Gehring","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70403","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common psychiatric disorders that may be differentiated by neurocognitive measures and electrocortical indices of performance monitoring. Increased reaction time variability (RTV) is a consistent finding in studies of ADHD. The error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe) are components of the event-related potential (ERP) following an error that are potential mechanistic biomarkers for both disorders. The correct response negativity (CRN) and correct positivity (Pc) are components of the ERP following a correct response that are less well understood. The study examined RTV, accuracy, and neural indices of error monitoring using an Eriksen flanker task in 84 ADHD cases, 90 OCD cases, and 136 matched healthy controls (HC) ages 8 to 18 years. Both correct and error trial RTV were significantly increased in ADHD cases compared to HC, whereas flanker task accuracy was significantly decreased in OCD cases relative to HC. Compared to HC, CRN amplitude was significantly increased, and Pe amplitude was significantly decreased in ADHD cases. ERN amplitude was significantly increased in OCD cases compared to HC. Compared to HC, the difference between Pe and Pc amplitudes was significantly decreased in both ADHD and OCD cases, which may reflect defects in the post-decisional evidence accumulation process that impair decision accuracy or subsequent behavioral adjustments in those disorders. In two multiple linear regression analyses, correct trial CVRT had significant associations with age, ADHD behaviors, and CRN, Pe, and Pc amplitudes. The study provides new evidence of increased RTV in ADHD, differential alterations in error-related and correct-related brain activity in ADHD and OCD, and a robust association between RTV and the error monitoring neural system.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Stress Physiology Across Social Contexts in Preterm-Born Preschoolers.","authors":"Lisa Gistelinck, Rowena Van den Broeck, Maarten De Vos, Sam Wass, Els Ortibus, Bieke Bollen, Gunnar Naulaers, Bart Boets","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70393","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Premature birth increases risk for socio-emotional difficulties and altered autonomic regulation, yet because physiological regulation supports development, dysregulation may have lasting consequences. We evaluated social functioning and physiological regulation in 70 preterm children aged 5.5 years compared to 32 matched full-term controls (total sample: 59 boys, 43 girls; 98% White). Heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded during rest and structured social interactions with the mother and a stranger, including eye contact, conversations, and triadic play. Preterm children demonstrated significantly greater social difficulties and internalizing problems than full-term peers. Across conditions, the preterm children exhibited consistently elevated heart rate, whereas HRV patterns were comparable with the full-term group. Across both groups, RMSSD-HRV varied by interaction partner (stable with mother, fluctuating with stranger), while HF-HRV reflected general condition effects independent of partner familiarity. In both groups, conversation tasks elicited the strongest autonomic activation, with the lowest parasympathetic indices during negative interactions. In conclusion, preterm children show persistent cardiac hyperarousal and social-behavioral difficulties yet maintain context-dependent autonomic regulation similar to full-term peers. The distinct sensitivity of HRV indices suggests preserved regulatory mechanisms, indicating that prematurity's physiological signature may reflect heightened baseline arousal rather than impaired regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Autonomic Dynamics Differentially Shape Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind: Evidence From Respiratory Manipulation.","authors":"Bo-Cheng Hsu, Yen-Hsuan Hsu, Chia-Ying Weng","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70395","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theory of Mind (ToM) is a fundamental component of social cognition that enables individuals to infer others' mental states and predict their behavior. Although ToM may be shaped by cardiac autonomic dynamics, the psychophysiological mechanisms underlying its cognitive (CToM) and affective (AToM) components remain unclear. Prior research has predominantly emphasized cardiac parasympathetic (PNS) modulation, whereas the role of cardiac sympathetic (SNS) activation-particularly under experimental manipulation-remains underexplored. The present study experimentally manipulated cardiac autonomic states using paced breathing to examine their effects on CToM and AToM performance and their associations with tonic and phasic cardiac autonomic dynamics. A total of 175 healthy young adults were assigned to fast-paced breathing (FPB; SNS-dominant), slow-paced breathing (SPB; PNS-enhanced), or control conditions. Cardiac autonomic indices were continuously recorded, and ToM performance was assessed following each manipulation. Results showed that manipulation checks confirmed distinct cardiac autonomic profiles without inducing emotional changes. FPB-characterized by increased SNS activation along with PNS withdrawal-selectively impaired CToM performance, whereas AToM remained unaffected, and no differences were observed between SPB and control conditions. Tonic analyses indicated that reciprocal cardiac PNS-SNS activity was positively associated with CToM performance, whereas better AToM was primarily related to higher cardiac PNS activity. At the phasic level, greater SNS reactivity uniquely predicted poorer CToM performance, whereas poorer AToM was associated with greater coordinated PNS-SNS modulation. The convergence between experimental manipulation and phasic patterns strengthens the interpretability of these associations. These findings provide direct evidence that cardiac autonomic dynamics differentially shape cognitive and affective components of ToM. Specifically, heightened cardiac SNS reactivity appears to disrupt cognitively demanding mental state inference, whereas overall cardiac PNS-SNS stability supports affective mental state attribution. This study advances an integrative framework linking dynamic, state-dependent cardiac autonomic processes to distinct components of social cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13547642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive Functioning and Acute Stress Responses: The Role of Cognitive Appraisals, Repetitive Negative Thinking, and Emotion Regulation.","authors":"Elise Grimm, Stefan Agrigoroaei","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.70388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to stress can have significant negative consequences on long-term health. Among modifiable targets for promoting adaptive stress responses, executive functioning has emerged as a promising candidate. The current study sought to examine the extent to which executive functioning facets (inhibition, flexibility, updating) and working memory capacity played a beneficial role in reactivity and recovery to an acute stressor. Participants completed executive functioning tasks in the laboratory before undergoing either an acute stressor (Maastricht Acute Stress Test, MAST) or its control equivalent (placebo-MAST). Multilevel models were conducted to predict anticipation, reactivity, and recovery to the stressor. For anticipation, poorer flexibility was associated with higher anticipatory blood pressure and skin conductance levels after receiving MAST instructions. For reactivity, lower flexibility was related to greater skin conductance levels during the stressor period compared to baseline. For recovery, poorer flexibility was related to poorer stress recovery, as evidenced by increased systolic blood pressure, mean skin conductance levels, and stress levels after the resting period compared to baseline. We found no evidence for a significant mediational role of cognitive appraisals, repetitive negative thinking, or emotion regulation. Hence, the study findings identified flexibility as an important factor for the promotion of adaptive acute stress responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 9","pages":"e70388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}