Psychophysiology最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Error-Related Brain Activity and Parental Attachment on Youth Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms.","authors":"Annabel Fuller, Kathryn Jenkins, Kayla Kreutzer, Alexa House, Shiane Toleson, Anthony King, K Luan Phan, Stephanie Gorka","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70295","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to traumatic events is common in youth and associated with acute and sustained posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Theory suggests that exaggerated threat sensitivity contributes to greater PTSS severity, and emerging work points to parental attachment as a potential moderator of the association between threat sensitivity and PTSS, although no study has directly tested this hypothesis. The aim of the current study is to examine the unique and interactive effects of neurobiological threat sensitivity and parental attachment on PTSS severity in trauma-exposed youths. A total of 174 participants 16-19 years old completed self-report questionnaires assessing parental attachment and PTSS severity and a well-validated modified flanker task designed to probe the error-related negativity (ERN), an event-related potential that reflects individual differences in threat sensitivity. To test our hypotheses, we conducted a series of hierarchical linear regression analyses. Separate models were run for each PTSS cluster, with age and sex as covariates. As expected, low parental attachment was associated with increased PTSS severity across all clusters. There were no main effects of ERN amplitude. However, a significant ERN × parental attachment interaction emerged for two clusters-intrusions (B) and avoidance (C). At low levels of parental attachment only, more negative ERN amplitude was associated with increased intrusions and avoidance symptoms. These findings suggest that neurobiological threat sensitivity and parental attachment may interact to influence specific PTSS symptoms in trauma-exposed youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13069009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychophysiological Outcome Responses in Human Pavlovian Fear Conditioning: A Prediction Error Analysis.","authors":"Huaiyu Liu, Josie Linnell, Dominik R Bach","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.70300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prediction errors (PE) are thought to drive associative learning. While neural signals consistent with PE encoding have been identified, the expression of PE in psychophysiological indices remains debated. Here, we sought to fill this gap by investigating responses to unconditioned stimulus (US) occurrence and probability in skin conductance responses (SCR), pupil size responses (PSR), heart period responses (HPR), and respiration amplitude responses (RAR). Data set 1 consisted of eight published studies (N₁ = 264) using differential fear conditioning with partial reinforcement (50%), and novel data set 2 (N₂ = 29) parametrically varied US probability (20%/50%/80%). Across both data sets, all modalities showed differential responses to the US compared to US omission. In data set 1, there was evidence for responses to unexpected as compared to expected US omission in all modalities, but no responses were consistent with signed or unsigned PE encoding. Similarly, data set 2 provided no evidence that US or US omission responses monotonically related to outcome probability, which is incompatible with both signed and unsigned PE encoding. In conclusion, all recorded psychophysiological signals responded strongly to US and less strongly to unexpected US omission, with no evidence of either signed or unsigned PE encoding.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Misinterpreting Electrophysiology in Human Cognitive Neuroscience.","authors":"Tzvetan Popov","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.70303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An axiomatic view in contemporary neuroscience is that EEG components such as event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and oscillations are directly interpretable as manifestations of biological processes that support sensory, motor, and cognitive constructs of interest. This premise justifies and propels research programs in laboratories worldwide, but with a substantial social and economic cost, warranted by the potential for basic-science discovery and the resulting bench-to-bedside transfer for health and disease. But a different premise would be more fruitful. This article proposes that, in psychophysiological experiments relying on vision, EEG components (e.g., P1-N170, LPP, and alpha oscillations) relate to cognition indirectly through their more direct relationship with oculomotor action. The common experimental design that includes a baseline ocular fixation period preceding stimulus presentation provides an excellent template with which to develop the present proposal. Electrophysiological and eye-tracking evidence (3 published and 4 new data sets: 7 experiments, N_total = 421, in the context of face and affective picture viewing, reading, listening, rest, microsleep and eye movements under closed eye lids), together with simulations grounded in empirically observed oculomotor dynamics, demonstrate how and why common conclusions, and reliance on them in clinical practice/treatment efficacy and drug development studies, are at best premature. Results indicate that the oculomotor system plays a mediating role between such EEG phenomena and cognition. Present evidence supports a complementary view of how EEG can shape the development of a broader thought horizon in psychophysiological theory and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pupil Size Reflects Trial-Level Variability in Imagery Vividness During Immersive Storytelling but Not (or Hardly) Individual Differences in Trait Imagery.","authors":"Claire Vanbuckhave, Jakob Scherm Eikner, Bruno Laeng, Luca Onnis, Sebastiaan Mathôt","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70298","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has shown that the eyes' pupils are larger when imagining dark as compared to bright objects or scenes. On the basis of this, it has been claimed that pupil size is a sensitive marker of mental imagery vividness. We investigated this claim in three experiments, conducted in two countries (Norway and The Netherlands; N_total = 115), in which participants read, listened, or freely imagined stories that evoked a sense of darkness or brightness. In addition, self-reports of vividness were collected for each story to measure variations in imagery vividness during the experiment; and through questionnaires (VVIQ, SUIS), to measure differences in task-unrelated imagery abilities at the individual level. We found that the effect of larger pupils for darkness-evoking stories than brightness-evoking stories was highly variable. Importantly, we found that this pupil-size difference (dark-bright) was consistently largest for vividly imagined stories. Finally, we did not find any convincing relationship between this pupil-size difference and individual differences in questionnaire-based imagery. We conclude that the strength of pupil-size changes in response to imagined darkness or brightness better reflects trial-by-trial fluctuations in imagery vividness within an individual than individual differences in imagery vividness as a personal trait.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task Training on Predictive Brain Functions and Functional Performance of Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Merve Aydin, Luca Boccacci, Stefania Lucia, Bianca Maria Di Bello, Andrea Casella, Roberta Forte, Francesco Di Russo","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70304","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive-motor dual-task (CMDT) training has been widely recognized as an effective method for counteracting age-related declines in physical and cognitive processes. These benefits were associated with increased activity in the frontal cortex; however, it is unclear at which stage of task processing these effects occur. Here, we tested the effect of CMDT training on predictive brain function in healthy older adults compared to standard motor training. Sixty healthy participants (mean age 73.2 years, range 65-82 years, 41 females, 19 males) were randomly divided into two groups, and all attended five weeks of standard exercise for older people, one hour twice a week. In the experimental group, the last 20' of the training session were enriched with CMDT exercises using interactive devices. Functional motor performance and a cognitive task, executed during electroencephalographic recording, were assessed before (T0) and after (T1) the training. Motor and cognitive predictive brain functions required by a cognitive task were assessed by measuring the preparatory event-related potential. Results confirmed the CMDT superiority compared to motor training on both motor and cognitive performance. The effect on frontal cortex activity was confirmed, but we showed that these effects happen during the predictive stage of processing required by a cognitive task. The CMDT training seems to increase both motor and cognitive control over cognitive tasks, resulting in improved mobility and behavioral performance. Results support the view that simultaneous engagement of cognitive and motor brain networks drives functional plasticity in late life. Thus, CMDT represents a pragmatic, neurophysiological grounded strategy for supporting healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging Lab and Life: A Dual-Person Paradigm for Social Interaction Research.","authors":"Vanessa Nöring, Lea Krismann, Marcel Franz, Fabian Rottstädt, Ilona Croy","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70292","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interpersonal synchrony, the spontaneous coordination of actions, emotions, and physiological processes, plays a crucial role in social bonding. While existing research has significantly advanced our understanding of interpersonal synchrony, many studies rely on either artificial paradigms that may limit ecological validity or naturalistic approaches that can pose challenges for achieving sufficient statistical power. To address this, we developed and validated a semi-naturalistic verbal social interaction paradigm, in which two individuals talk about a variety of standardized neutral and autobiographical emotional topics. Sixty-nine dyads (N = 138) participated and reported valence, arousal, connectedness, and dominance after each trial. Results confirmed the paradigm's reliability and validity by showing that emotional conversations, especially when sharing one's own autobiographical event, elicited higher arousal, more valence, and increased heart rate than neutral ones, with relatively stable affective responses across trials. Participants also felt more connected during emotional conversations, particularly with closer friends. In conclusion, we are optimistic that our social interaction paradigm is a useful tool for studies of dual person neuroscience by balancing experimental control and ecological validity. Its flexible design allows for adaptation across research contexts and supports broad application. This validation establishes the paradigm's reliability, enabling future hypothesis testing regarding interpersonal synchrony.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147633503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing Pediatric Neurophysiology With Magnetoencephalography.","authors":"J C Edgar, T W Wilson, S Taulu, A C Nugent, S P Ahlfors, T Kenet, Y Chen, A N Bosseler, H L Green, E Heinrichs-Graham, W Gaetz, E Larson, F T Candelaria-Cook, N M Bell, E M Davenport, B Howell, M Evans, B Ahtam, M X Huang, T W Ward, B Share, M Mody, J J Son, D Cellier, N A Peatfield, T Bardouille, L M Bailey, S Grewal, K Pratt, S Knappe, O Alem, G A Miller, J Stephen","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70262","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper considers the current and future use of magnetoencephalography (MEG) for assessing neural activity in children (birth to 18 years old), including the well-established use of SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) MEG technology as well as the very rapidly developing Optically Pumped Magnetometry (OPM) technology. A primary conclusion is that the changing landscape of pediatric neurophysiology studies foretells a revolution in electromagnetic neuroimaging. These changes will produce some discontinuity, progressing away from what once worked well enough, namely, examining neural activity at the level of the EEG or MEG sensor, but is not up to current and anticipated challenges. Given features intrinsic to MEG, including simpler mathematical models for source localization and higher-dimensional representation of neural activity, little effect of open fontanelles and sutures on infant neural measures, and reference-free neural measures, MEG will often be the preferred method for assessing neural activity in children. In particular, noninvasive, whole-brain MEG sensor data with source localization provide measures of neural activity in brain space that richly represent the structure and maturation of neural activity spanning both local and regional processes, as well as measures of connectivity within and between brain regions. Assessing neurophysiology in brain space is also essential for associating local neural activity with local brain structure (e.g., gray and white matter) and brain chemistry (e.g., magnetic resonance spectroscopy data). It is also highly likely that MEG data are more future-proof than EEG data (higher dimensionality, ease of source localization), especially for advanced source localization methods as well as advanced analysis methods yet to be developed and applied to previously collected data. The emergence of OPM-based MEG opens a new age of imaging for children and infants, such as translating the source localizing abilities of MEG in adults to wearable systems in young children. Looking forward, greater access to MEG and other advanced imaging technologies, the accessibility of greater computational power, and the rapid development of open-source software will combine to improve our methods and inform our research questions, all leading to a better understanding of how the human brain changes and supports behavioral development from birth to adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147676294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partially Different Mechanisms of Social and Nonsocial Attention: Evidence From Changes in Cueing Effects and Underlying Frontal Cortex Processing Over Time.","authors":"Michael K Yeung, Yvonne M Y Han","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70286","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gaze conveys important information about one's intentions and likely object of reference. Because processes of attention may change over time, for reasons including fatigue or experience, this study aimed to compare mechanisms of gaze and arrow cueing effects by measuring across sessions. On two separate occasions, 39 young adults underwent a cueing paradigm with valid or invalid gaze or arrow cues, as well as neutral cues. Activation in frontal cortex regions implicated in the dorsal and ventral attention networks was examined during task performance using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Behavioral results showed comparable orienting (valid vs. neutral) and reorienting (invalid vs. valid) responses following gaze and arrow cues, which did not significantly change over sessions. However, the gaze cue elicited a significantly greater alerting effect (i.e., more benefits from the presence of the cue on reaction time) than the arrow cue in Session 2. Parallel to these behavioral findings, neuroimaging results indicated robust (de-)activation during orienting and reorienting. Aligning with the greater alerting effect, target detection elicited significantly greater activation in the left posterior dorsomedial frontal cortex following gaze cues as opposed to arrow cues in Session 2. Therefore, insofar as changes over time are concerned, our findings offer converging evidence that gaze and arrow cues follow partially different attentional and neural mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13018724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural Representations Across Multiple Stages in a Go/No-Go Task: Evidence From Multivariate Pattern Analysis.","authors":"Shangfeng Han, Junlong Huang, Yuejia Luo, Shengnan Li","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.70294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Go/No-Go task is one of the most commonly used paradigms in psychological research, yet traditional studies rely on single event-related potential (ERP) components, limiting insights into multi-stage temporal dynamics. This study recorded electroencephalography (EEG) data from 72 participants performing a Go/No-Go task, and analyzed the data using univariate ERP analysis and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), including decoding, temporal generalization, and weight projection analyzes. Conventional ERP analysis replicated larger N2 and P3 components for No-Go trials relative to Go trials. Critically, decoding analysis revealed that Go and No-Go trials were discriminable as early as ~100 ms post-stimulus. Temporal generalization analysis identified distinct phases: early temporally generalizable representations (~300-400 ms), a highly time-specific stage (~400-700 ms), and later temporally generalizable representations (~700-1700 ms), suggesting a multi-stage evolution of neural representations during the task. Weight projection analysis highlighted the involvement of occipital, prefrontal, and parietal regions, indicating the recruitment of diverse neural networks throughout the task. Additionally, post-trial history effects demonstrated a temporal crossover: early processing (before ~100 ms) benefited from prior-trial information, whereas later stages (320-1500 ms) were dominated by current-trial information. These findings provide new insights into how the Go/No-Go task is supported by a multi-stage, dynamically reorganized neural code that is continuously shaped by recent trial history.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heartbeat-Evoked Responses in M/EEG: A Systematic Review of Methods With Suggestions for Analysis and Reporting.","authors":"Paul Steinfath, Maria Azanova, Nikolai Kapralov, Thomas Loesche, Lioba Enk, Vadim Nikulin, Arno Villringer","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70297","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heartbeat-evoked responses (HER), as measured by electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG), represent neural activity time-locked to heartbeats and are widely used as a marker of cardiac interoception in the study of brain-body interactions. However, HER studies report largely variable findings, at least partially due to methodological variability. To achieve consensus on HER processing and improve the reproducibility of findings, the field urgently requires a structured summary of the methods employed so far. To this end, we conducted a systematic review of 132 HER studies using non-invasive M/EEG recordings in humans. Our results reveal substantial heterogeneity across most steps of HER analysis, ranging from data acquisition and preprocessing to HER estimation and statistical approaches. The large diversity in the processing choices is accompanied by considerable proportions of unreported methodological information across reviewed studies, reaching up to 80% for key processing steps. In addition, less than 33% of studies had enough statistical power to reliably detect meta-level HER effects, while their reported spatiotemporal locations varied substantially. We provide a comprehensive reporting and quality control checklist to aid in the development of more standardized procedures, highlighting critical steps for robust HER investigations. Additionally, we share the full extracted dataset, including an interactive version, to support other researchers in answering additional specific questions they may have. We hope that these resources will improve the robustness, reproducibility, and transparency of research in the growing HER field.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 4","pages":"e70297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}