Radiation research最新文献

{"title":"The Wake Forest Nonhuman Primate Radiation Late Effects Cohort.","authors":"John D Olson, George W Schaaf, J Daniel Bourland, J Mark Cline","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00063.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00063.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wake Forest University School of Medicine (WFUSM) hosts the Radiation Late Effects Cohort (RLEC), a unique cohort of previously irradiated rhesus monkeys gathered from multiple institutions over twenty years. Supported by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID) Radiation/Nuclear program, it serves as a resource for the Centers for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation Consortium (CMCRC) and the wider biomedical research community. These animals act as a national resource for examining the long-term effects of radiation exposure. Since its establishment in 2007, the RLEC has studied 328 macaques, including 270 exposed to external beam ionizing radiation and 58 controls. Results to date reveal a multisystemic pattern of chronic illness, including metabolic disease and diabetes mellitus, hypertension, higher rates of cancers, long-term immune impairment, myocardial disease, cerebrovascular disease, low body weight, gonadal injury with reduced sex steroid output, cataracts, osteopenia, renal disease, compromised intestinal barrier function, and ongoing systemic inflammation. This summary highlights the essential aspects of the RLEC, the significant achievements of researchers using this resource, and the potential for further investigation of this unique animal population and its associated resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"274-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation-induced Lung Injury (RILI) in Non-human Primates (NHPs) Induces Cellular Senescence and Upregulation of Tyrosine Kinase Fgr, which is Detectable in Bronchoalveolar Lavage.","authors":"George W Schaaf, John D Olson, Baher A Elgohari, Michael W Epperly, Wen Hou, Hong Wang, J Mark Cline, Joel S Greenberger, Amitava Mukherjee","doi":"10.1667/RADE-23-00224.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-23-00224.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) includes early acute phase radiation pneumonitis (RP), and late chronic phase radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF). There is increasing evidence that ionizing radiation-induced cellular senescence is associated with pulmonary fibrosis. We have recently reported that biomarkers of senescence and, specifically, tyrosine kinase Fgr are induced in mouse RIPF, human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and in human RIPF. We also reported that treatment with an Fgr inhibitor significantly reduced fibrosis of irradiated mouse lungs. Here, we investigated the association of senescence and tyrosine kinase Fgr in non-human primate (NHP) lung fibrosis and determined whether lung fibrosis can be predicted by analyzing the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells and fluid at early time points after irradiation. We found that markers of senescence (p16, p21) and expression of Fgr are induced in the lungs of NHP with RILI. That fibrosis can be predicted by analyzing BAL cells prior to the appearance of pulmonary fibrosis. We also induced senescence and expression of Fgr in irradiated normal human primary airway epithelial cells in vitro. In a transwell culture system, we established that senescent human airway epithelial cells induced fibrosis biomarkers collagen1, collagen 3, and alpha-smooth-muscle actin in target human primary lung fibroblasts. Whole-thorax lung irradiated (WTLI) NHPs in this study developed moderate to severe pneumonitis and marked variations in the magnitude of RIPF as measured by trichrome staining. In BAL fluid that was collected from WTLI NHP senescence-associated secretory proteins (SASP) were significantly induced, compared to the BAL fluid collected from control non-irradiated NHPs. Moreover, the levels of Fgr and biomarkers of senescence were significantly higher in NHPs with severely injured lungs compared to those with mildly or moderately injured lungs as indicated by fibrosis. Proinflammatory SASP cytokines increased to levels that correlated with the severity of RILI. The results show that senescent cells with induction of Fgr, and SASP cytokines are detectable in NHPs prior to RIPF and suggest that analysis of these proteins can predict the severity of RIPF prior to fully formed fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"354-368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed Effects of Acute Radiation Exposure in the Nonhuman Primate Radiation Late Effects Cohort.","authors":"J Mark Cline, Polly Chang, Isabel Lauren Jackson, Andrea L DiCarlo","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00142.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00142.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"271-273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Dose, Sex, and Age at Time of Acute Whole-body Radiation Exposure on Long-term Hematopoiesis in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).","authors":"Yuiko Chino, John D Olson, Stephen Aichele, Susan M Bailey, George W Schaaf, J Mark Cline, Thomas E Johnson","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00241.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00241.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hematopoietic system is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation exposure. Accumulating evidence from the Japanese A-bomb survivor cohort and animal studies suggests that radiation-induced damage to the hematopoietic system can persist long after exposure, and therefore has the potential of contributing to delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). In this study, archival data from the non-human primate radiation late effects cohort was analyzed to evaluate long-term effects on the hemopoietic system. The dataset included white blood cell and leukocyte differential counts from two hundred sixteen rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) exposed to 1.14 to 8.5 Gy and 47 non-irradiated control animals; blood samples were collected approximately 1-year post-acute uniform whole-body exposure and continuously thereafter every 2-6 months. Linear mixed models were developed for total leukocyte and differential counts, which included neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts and percentages. Longitudinal trends were estimated for three dose ranges (low dose <LD10/30, 1.14 to 5.5 Gy; mid dose LD10/30-LD50/30, 5.5 to 6.8 Gy; high dose >LD50/30, 6.8 to 8.5 Gy) and controls, and adjusted for sex and age at time of exposure. All models suggested that radiation dose was a statistically significant factor in the longitudinal trends of leukocyte and differential changes observed. Control and low-dose irradiated non-human primates (NHPs) presented a slight decrease in total leukocyte count and monocyte skewed differentiation, consistent with changes expected from natural aging of the hematopoietic system; longitudinal changes for the mid-dose <LD10ca animals were similar. In contrast, estimates for the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) showed a statistically significant increase in the LD10/30-LD50/30 group. Additionally, the increase in monocyte counts over time was larger for the LD10/30-LD50/30 and >LD50/30 NHPs than for the controls and <LD10/30 animals. Elevated neutrophil and monocyte counts are indicative of persistent inflammation and/or long-term impairment of the immune system, which can contribute to DEARE diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. Extended analyses, including development of machine learning models to improve accuracy of predictions utilizing a variety of relevant radiation biomarkers and actual health outcomes, will be key future steps toward improved understanding and risk assessment of DEARE.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"408-420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Pathway Activation in Cardiac Ventricular Tissues after Gamma and simGCRsim Irradiation.","authors":"Gisane Khachatryan, Tamara Sirunyan, Siras Hakobyan, Suren Davitavyan, Roksana Zakharyan, Ani Stepanyan, Agnieszka Brojakowska, Mary K Khlgatian, Malik Bisserier, Shihong Zhang, David A Goukassian, Arsen Arakelyan","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00043.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-25-00043.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Space radiation represents a significant health risk for deep-space exploration, yet its long-term effects on cardiovascular function remain poorly understood. While our previous studies have highlighted persistent transcriptional changes in left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) tissues after a single whole-body irradiation in mice, a systems-level understanding of pathway activity deregulation is lacking. To address this gap, we applied the Pathway Signal Flow (PSF) algorithm to analyze long-term pathway activity alterations in LV and RV tissues of C57Bl/6J mice exposed to gamma radiation (100 cGy 137Cs) or the simplified Galactic Cosmic Ray simulation (simGCRsim, 50 cGy 500 MeV/n) composition of ion beams. RNA sequencing data were analyzed to assess pathway activity changes, sex-specific effects, and ventricular differences 440 days post-irradiation. We observed marked sex- and ventricle-specific differences in pathway deregulation. Left ventricular tissues in females exhibited broad signaling pathway alterations after simGCRsim exposure, particularly in immune response, cytoskeletal remodeling, and survival-related pathways (e.g., NF-κB, VEGF, and MAPK). In contrast, male RV tissues demonstrated higher pathway deregulation than LV, particularly in PPAR, NF-κB, and HIF-1 pathways, implicating metabolic disruption and survival adaptations. Furthermore, simGCRsim exposure induced greater long-term pathway perturbations than gamma rays. Our findings suggest that sex-dependent and ventricle-specific signaling alterations contribute to long-term cardiovascular risks following space irradiation. Notably, VEGF and NF-κB signaling emerge as key regulators of cardiac adaptation in females. Future studies in larger cohorts, incorporating early-stage molecular responses and broader pathway analyses, are needed to refine cardiovascular risk assessments for space travel.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Metabolomic Profile in Serum of Mice Treated with RadioDefender, a Novel Radiation Medical Countermeasure.","authors":"Alana D Carpenter, Matthew W Brink, Xu Li, Yaoxiang Li, Sarah A Petrus, Oluseyi O Fatanmi, Stephen Y Wise, Jason Zhiguo Zhou, Sunil Bansal, Amrita K Cheema, Vijay K Singh","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00072.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-25-00072.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ionizing radiation continues to be weaponized not only through the development of nuclear weapons, but also on a smaller scale through the development of radiological dispersal devices, or dirty bombs. Exposure to acute doses of ionizing radiation often leads to the development of acute radiation syndrome (ARS), for which treatment options are currently limited. Current treatment options include only post-exposure prophylaxes that are intended to restore bone marrow function and stimulate platelet production. To date, no pre-exposure prophylaxes are available to treat ARS, although many pharmaceuticals are currently under evaluation. Amifostine, for example, has been investigated as a radioprotector, but was found unsuitable due to its hypotensive effects, severe upper and lower gastrointestinal disturbances, and reduced efficacy at the doses required for effective radioprotection. RadioDefender, an amifostine-based drug, shows promise as a radioprotector due to its ability to shield bone marrow from the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation, offering protection at lower doses than those required for amifostine without the toxic effects. Two separate toxicity studies were performed: the first study investigated the effects of various doses of RadioDefender on blood and lymphoid tissue in unirradiated mice to establish the no-observed-adverse-effects-level (NOAEL), while the second study investigated the effects of various doses of RadioDefender on tissue and metabolomic profiles in irradiated mice (9.2 Gy total-body γ-irradiation). RadioDefender treatment significantly improved survival and provided substantial protection in the steroid hormone biosynthesis and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways, key pathways involved in inflammation and immune response that have been proven to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cosmic Ray-induced Radiation Exposure among Summer and Overwintering Expeditioners in the High-altitude Antarctic Environment.","authors":"Guillaume Hubert, Eric Lefebvre","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00096.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-25-00096.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper investigates cosmic ray exposure among Antarctic expeditioners through detailed case analyses of individuals undertaking diverse polar missions, encompassing both summer campaigns and extended winter-overs. The first case profiles a glaciologist with a longitudinal dataset spanning over three decades (1988-2025) and 31 high-altitude missions at key stations such as Vostok and Concordia. The second case examines an astronomer, referred to as Stella, whose exposure history includes multiple summer deployments and two overwintering periods between 2001 and 2025. The third case presents a comprehensive evaluation of overwintering personnel at Concordia, incorporating mission frequency, duration, and cumulative dose assessments over several years, with some subjects completing up to four winter stays within a seven-year timeframe. Exposure assessments, leveraging sophisticated modeling tools alongside empirical measurements, reveal annual effective doses generally below one mSv for summer expeditions. Overwintering expeditioners exhibit higher cumulative doses, occasionally approaching or exceeding the lower value of the ICRP's recommended reference level range for existing exposure situations (1-20 mSv per year) when averaged over five years. These results underscore the significance of mission duration, solar activity, and repeated exposure, and support the value of continued dosimetric monitoring. They also suggest that tailored radiological considerations may be beneficial for long-term expeditioners in polar environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to a Single Dose of Space-Relevant Proton Radiation Alters the Intestinal One-Carbon Metabolism Pathway and Microbiome in Mice.","authors":"Isabelle R Miousse, Charles M Skinner, Rupak Pathak, Vijayalakshmi Sridharan, Stepan Melnyk, Jeffrey Willey, Jeffrey Chancellor, Martin Hauer-Jensen, Marjan Boerma, Igor Koturbash","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00019.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-25-00019.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Space radiation, primarily originating from galactic cosmic rays, is mainly composed of protons. Given NASA's plans for manned lunar and Mars missions, it is critical to assess the risk of proton radiation in disrupting tissue homeostasis, including in the intestine, which is a highly radiosensitive organ that harbors trillions of bacteria on the luminal surface. One-carbon metabolism encompasses the folate and methionine cycle and plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by regulating methylation, reductive metabolism, and nucleotide synthesis. However, the effects of proton radiation on intestinal one-carbon metabolism and the luminal microbiome profile are unknown. To address this, 6-month-old male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to a single dose of 0.5 Gy or 1.0 Gy of protons (150 MeV/n; dose rate = 35-55 cGy/min). Nine months after irradiation, significant shifts in the one-carbon metabolism pathway were detected in the mouse proximal jejunum and colon. These changes were exhibited as a loss of intra-intestinal methionine, s-adenosylmethionine, and glutathione tissue concentrations, with more pronounced effects being observed in the proximal jejunum compared to the colon. This resulted in the loss of DNA methylation within long-interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1), indicative of a global hypomethylative phenotype. Molecular changes were characterized by substantial dysregulation of gene expression in the proximal jejunum, where the most pronounced changes were associated with the dramatic loss of Nos2 expression and reactivation of Casp14, suggesting potential shifts in amino acid utilization and restoration of epithelial barriers in the gut. Furthermore, claudins Cldn5, Cldn6, and Cldn10 were substantially modulated in the proximal jejunum of exposed mice. Gross shifts in the microbiota profiles were exhibited as increases in both overall richness and diversity, however, at the expense of commensal bacterial species, like Akkermansia. The extent of the observed alterations was not congruent with the relatively low doses used in the study, the late time-point, and the overall lack of histomorphological alterations. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that exposure to space-relevant proton radiation causes substantial and persistent changes in the mouse gut. The degree and nature of the observed effects suggest the potential for negative health consequences after exposure to proton radiation during deep space exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Low Radiation Dose Biomarkers: A Commentary on Whether Non-targeted Effects Need to Be Considered.","authors":"Carmel Mothersill, Colin Seymour","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00032.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-25-00032.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The issue of determining likely outcomes after low dose exposure to radiation is complex and controversial. Currently, the linear no-threshold (LNT) model is used to justify the linear extrapolation of (adverse) outcomes from high doses, where effects are clearly seen, to low doses, where effects are very difficult to detect and even more difficult to ascribe to the measured radiation exposure. Among the factors hindering the development of a more precise system are the lack of reliable predictors of system health. While biomarkers indicating the health of individual cells or organisms exist, they fail at low doses due to the complexity of cause-effect relationships and the multiple factors contributing \"stress\" to the system as a whole (whether \"whole\" is a whole organism, a population or an ecosystem). Approaches to capture this complexity include adverse outcome pathway (AOP) analysis, which looks at multiple levels of organization from gene to ecosystem. In this commentary, we discuss the role of non-targeted effects (NTE) such as genomic instability and bystander effects. These mechanisms involve transmission of information between different levels of organization. In the case of BE, signals from exposed to unexposed cells or organisms coordinate response at higher levels of organization, permitting population responses to radiation to be identified and, potentially, mitigated. Genomic instability is more complex as it involves not only signaling but also trans-generational transmission of genetic or epigenetic changes and may lead to long-term adaptive evolution. GI may also be involved in memory or legacy effects, which contribute a further component to the dose effect measured in legacy sites. Our recent analysis of the contributions of memory and legacy effects to the total effect using data sets from Chernobyl and Fukushima (voles, birds and butterflies) suggests this type of analysis may help reduce uncertainties over laboratory-to-field extrapolations. A focus on novel but widespread NTE mechanistic pathways may open the way to successful prophylaxis and development of new biomarkers for better risk assessment after low dose exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Mortality after Protracted Low-level Radiation Exposure for Early and Contemporary Workers in Two Large Occupational Cohorts in the U.S. Million Person Study.","authors":"Linda Walsh, Sarah S Cohen, Lawrence T Dauer, Michael T Mumma, John D Boice","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00271.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-24-00271.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An evaluation is presented of differences in radiation-related solid cancer mortality risk for early versus contemporary sub-groups of radiation workers in both of the two constituent Million Person Study (MPS) cohorts. The two previously analyzed MPS cohorts are 123,401 industrial radiographers monitored from 1939-2011 and followed through 2019 and 135,193 nuclear power plant workers monitored from 1957-1984 and followed through 2011. The rationale behind this extended new analysis is to investigate if these two MPS cohorts support recently published increased risks for contemporary workers in a different cohort, The International Nuclear Workers Study (INWORKS) with pooled U.S., French and UK nuclear worker data, particularly for the U.S. component. The US-INWORKS contributed about one-third of the workers to the full-INWORKS study based on 309,932 workers. For all solid cancer mortality, the US-INWORKS study reported a low and non-significant excess relative risk (ERR) per Sv cumulative equivalent dose for the whole cohort of 0.19 (95% CI: -0.10; 0.52), whereas for contemporary workers the ERR per Sv was 2.23 (95% CI: 1.13, 3.49), approximately 10 times higher than the entire US-INWORKS cohort. The risk for the full INWORKS cohort was 0.52 (90% CI: 0.27; 0.77) per Gy colon dose whereas, for contemporary workers, the risk was 1.44 (90% CI: 0.65, 2.32), nearly 3 times higher. These risks for contemporary workers are both larger than risks informing radiation protection and much higher (7.0 and 4.5 times) than the Japanese A-bomb survivor's risk for males exposed acutely between the ages of 20 and 60 years of 0.32 (95% CI: 0.01; 0.50). Limitations include missing information on organ doses from radionuclide intake, neutrons and the absence of adjustment for non-radiation risk factors (notably asbestos exposure). The analysis of the MPS cohorts addresses these dosimetric- and asbestos-related limitations. For all solid cancer mortality, industrial radiographers showed equal Poisson ERRs per 100 mGy colon dose for early and contemporary workers: 0.06 (95% CI: 0.00; 0.12) and 0.07 (95% CI: 0.01; 0.13), respectively. The results for nuclear power plant workers were 0.10 (95% CI: -0.09; 0.29) and 0.02 (95% CI: -0.02; 0.06), respectively. It appears premature to conclude that there is generally a difference in excess risk between early and contemporary workers from radiation exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}