Radiation research最新文献

{"title":"High-dose Radiation Induces an Early and Transient, ATM-dependent Inflammatory Response in Primary Human Endothelial Cells.","authors":"Clément Rouichi, Elizabeth Chartier-Garcia, Jean-Luc Ravanat, Isabelle Testard, Serge M Candéias","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00262.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-24-00262.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation is the initial immune response activated to protect an organism's integrity after cell or tissue damage caused by infectious agents or physical trauma, such as exposure to ionizing radiation. The mechanisms behind ionizing radiation-induced inflammation are not fully understood in untransformed human cells, especially at high dose exposures that can also cause cell death. Radiation-induced genotoxic stress triggers the cellular DNA damage response, and interactions between this pathway and inflammation may be crucial in determining the fate of irradiated cells. We studied how primary human vascular endothelial cells, telomerase-immortalized foreskin microvascular cells, blood mononuclear cells, and primary skin fibroblasts respond to radiation doses from 2 to 10 Gy for up to 24 h after exposure, prior to cell death. In endothelial cells, exposure to 10 Gy, but not lower doses, caused a temporary increase in the transcription of genes coding for inflammatory factors before the activation of DNA damage response genes. This early inflammatory reaction depends on ATM activity, which coordinates the DNA damage response, and is not observed in blood cells or fibroblasts. Additionally, we saw an increase in cytokine production and adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells. This inflammatory response may contribute to changes in the immune microenvironment of irradiated cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary Exercise Improves Radiation-induced Brain Injury in Mice.","authors":"Hiroyuki Miura, Tomonori Furukawa, Chihiro Sato, Ayaka Monden, Tomohito Nunomura, Kana Umamichi, Kai Hatakenaka, Rina Yamazaki, Masaru Yamaguchi, Shuhei Koeda, Junko Yamada","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00055.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-25-00055.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation-induced brain injury (RBI) adversely affects the quality of life and prognosis of patients with brain tumors who undergo radiation therapy. Although rehabilitation strategies are recommended for mitigating RBI, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we focused on RBI after fractionated whole-brain irradiation (WBI) in adult mice and examined the effects of voluntary exercise (VE) on cognitive function, growth factors, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. Male C57BL/6J mice, aged 10-12 weeks, were divided into four groups: cham control (Ctl), WBI, Ctl + VE, and WBI + VE. The WBI total dose was 8 Gy (4 Gy × 2 fractions). Voluntary exercise was provided for three weeks using a voluntary running wheel that was accessible 24 h a day. The effects of RBI and VE were analyzed using behavioral, biochemical, immunohistological, and electrophysiological evaluations. WBI significantly impaired cognitive functions including spatial working memory, reference memory, and cognitive flexibility. Additionally, WBI led to reduced plasma mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) levels, neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1)-positive cell density in the dentate gyrus, and long-term potentiation in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 region. Conversely, VE intervention ameliorated these cognitive deficits and increased mBDNF levels, enhanced NeuroD1-positive cell density, and strengthened long-term potentiation. Our findings suggest that VE intervention mitigates the effects of RBI in adult mice by promoting neurogenesis and enhancing synaptic plasticity via growth factor upregulation. These results underscore the importance of physical activity in rehabilitation and suggest that VE is a noninvasive strategy for improving cognitive function in patients affected by RBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Dose to the Contralateral Breast from Breast Cancer Radiotherapy in the United States.","authors":"Choonsik Lee, David Borrego, Lene H S Veiga, Susan A Smith, Rebecca M Howell, Rochelle E Curtis, Matthew M Mille, Heather Spencer Feigelson, Sheila Weinmann, Erin J Aiello Bowles, Diana S M Buist, Jacqueline B Vo, Gretchen L Gierach, Amy Berrington de Gonzalez","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00069.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-25-00069.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contralateral breast (CB) cancer is the most common subsequent cancer among breast cancer survivors, and radiotherapy has been linked to CB cancer risk. The purpose of this work was to evaluate doses to subregions of the contralateral breast from historical breast cancer treatments carried out in the United States between 1990 and 2012. We extracted treatment data from radiation therapy summaries for 2,442 radiotherapy patients during that period. We estimated CB doses for five breast regions: the upper inner quadrant (UIQ), lower inner quadrant, upper outer quadrant, lower outer quadrant (LOQ), and nipple, using extracted data and out-of-beam CB dose measurements. The mean treatment dose was approximately 5,000 cGy for tangential fields, which comprised 84% of the photon fields, and this remained constant throughout our study period. Most of the dose to the contralateral breast was from the tangential fields, and it varied by contralateral breast region. The UIQ of the contralateral breast received the highest median dose which decreased by 23% from 185 cGy in 1990-1994 to 143 cGy in 2005 and later (P < 0.0001). The LOQ dose received the lowest dose, which also decreased by 24% from 74 to 56 cGy (P < 0.0001). This decrease was due to the reduction in the utilization of physical wedges and an increase in the field-in-field technique, particularly after 2005. We observed a significant reduction in CB doses from breast radiotherapy in the United States between 1990 and 2010, which can be attributed to the impact of advanced radiotherapy techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA Damage Markers, Thioredoxin System, and Inflammation in a Population Exposed to High Indoor Radon Levels.","authors":"Dwi Ramadhani, Sofiati Purnami, Tiara Andalya Oktariyani, Dira Syafira, Viria Agesti Suvifan, Iin Kurnia Hasan Basri, Teja Kisnanto, Heri Wibowo, Masaru Yamaguchi, Ikuo Kashiwakura, Tomisato Miura, Mukh Syaifudin, Septelia Inawati Wanandi, Retno Widowati","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00114.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-24-00114.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High radon levels in the environment can lead to adverse biological effects such as DNA damage, thereby increasing cancer risk, especially lung cancer. This study focused on Tande-Tande sub-village in Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia, an area known for naturally high indoor radon concentrations, where inhabitants have been chronically exposed to radon throughout their lives. Blood samples from 38 subjects in Tande-Tande sub-village and the control area, Topoyo village, were examined. We then evaluated the DNA damage by assessing γ-H2AX for double-strand breaks and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) for oxidative damage. Additionally, we measured key molecules of the thioredoxin (Trx) system, Trx and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), to gauge antioxidant levels and thus, oxidative stress response status. The C-reactive protein (CRP) to albumin ratio was analyzed to assess inflammatory status. Comparison of 8-OHdG, Trx, TrxR concentrations, and CRP/Albumin between the exposed and control groups were assessed by unpaired Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test, depending on the normality of the data distribution. Correlations between concentration of 8-OHdG, Trx, TrxR or CRP/Albumin and indoor radon concentrations were investigated using either the Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, based on the distribution characteristics of the data. Our analyses of DNA damage markers (γ-H2AX and 8-OHdG), Trx, TrxR, and CRP/albumin ratio showed no significant increase in DNA damage markers in Tande-Tande sub-village residents compared to controls. Levels of 8-OHdG, Trx, and TrxR were significantly lower in Tande-Tande sub-village inhabitants when compared to the control area (P < 0.0001, P = 0.002, and P = 0.003, respectively), whereas CRP/albumin ratio did not differ significantly between these groups (P = 0.844). The present study did not find significant evidence of increased DNA damage, antioxidant system activity, or inflammatory status in inhabitants exposed to high radon levels. There is a possibility that the excessive ROS production existed in the early life period and subsequently manifested as a radio-adaptive response (RAR) during the adulthood of this population. These findings also support our previous assumptions that the excessive ROS production disrupts redox signaling and leads to a reduction in antioxidant levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senescence Under the Lens: X-ray vs. Proton Irradiation at Conventional and Ultra-High Dose Rate.","authors":"Marie-Eugénie De Meester, Hugo Paulus, Carine Michiels, Anne-Catherine Heuskin, Florence Debacq-Chainiaux","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00071.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1667/RADE-25-00071.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional radiotherapy based on X rays is used to treat more than 50% of cancers. Although effective, radiotherapy can damage healthy tissues around the tumor due to the X-ray dose deposition profile, as well as the safety margin needed to compensate for dose uncertainties. A notable side effect is cellular senescence, characterized by the cessation of cell division while maintaining metabolic activity and promoting the secretion of various components, called the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. To minimize toxicity in healthy tissues, proton therapy holds great promise as it enables tumors to be targeted more precisely while sparing healthy tissues beyond the tumor site. Another innovative method is ultra-high dose rate irradiation, which seems to induce less damage to healthy tissues while generating an anti-tumor response similar to standard dose rate irradiation. In this work, we aimed to compare the effects of X rays and protons at conventional dose rate (2 Gy/min) and ultra-high dose rate (454 Gy/s), on the induction of senescence in primary normal human dermal fibroblasts by analyzing several senescence biomarkers. Irradiation with ultra-high dose rate protons caused more pronounced cellular and nuclear morphological changes in normal human dermal fibroblasts than irradiation with conventional protons or X-rays. For other biomarkers, all three types of irradiations induced an increase in the proportion of senescence-associated beta-gal-positive cells, an irreversible cell cycle arrest and an accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage, but did not affect senescence-associated secretory phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centers for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation Consortium: Past, Present, and Beyond.","authors":"Lanyn P Taliaferro, David J Brenner, Sally A Amundson, Guy Garty, Yuji Zhang, Erika W Davies, France Carrier, Joel R Ross, J Mark Cline, Nelson J Chao","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00275.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00275.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Centers for Medical Countermeasures against Radiation Consortium (CMCRC) has provided a strong research foundation for the radiobiology science that will follow. After 20 years, however, the CMCRC will continue to conduct research on preparedness in niche areas of radiobiology and advanced product development, many of which were initiated by the CMCRC. This manuscript offers a review of past and current strategies and advancements in medical countermeasures to address radiation injuries, carried out by the CMCRC and funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program. It also explores the mechanisms of radiation-induced injuries, discusses existing medical countermeasures, and highlights emerging technologies and potential future directions for radiobiology researchers. This review aims to enhance our understanding of current medical countermeasures against radiation and contribute to the future development of more efficient and innovative approaches to mitigate and treat radiation-induced damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"238-252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raman Spectroscopic Biodosimetry Using Protein in Murine Hair.","authors":"Spencer A Witte, Monika Poonia, Mallard Woodward, Lanchun Lu, Marshleen Yadav, Naduparambil K Jacob, Zachary D Schultz","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00046.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00046.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hair is an attractive sample for determining exposure to ionizing radiation due to its non-invasive nature. A biological tissue comprised mainly of keratin protein, hair is susceptible to oxidative or reductive stress by direct or indirect damage mechanisms. In this report, changes observed in the Raman spectra associated with hair protein from ionizing radiation were assessed for biodosimetry. Raman spectra were obtained from the hairs of a mixed sex cohort of irradiated C57BL/6 mice (N = 32 total) with doses of gamma rays ranging from 0-4 Gy. Radiation-dependent changes in the Raman spectra of the hairs provided molecular-specific signals that can inform about the damage mechanism. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models incorporating automated variable selection for each sex showed classification of controls or exposed at 80% accuracy based on cross-validation. Models show only slight differences in performance based on the mouse's sex from which the sample originated. This slight difference is consistent with PLS-DA models that show marginal cross-validation sensitivity (∼60%) in predicting the sex of the mouse from the Raman hair spectrum. Utilizing PLS regression, a dose-response model including both sexes showed root-mean-squared error (RMSE) ±1 Gy. The ability to determine dose or exposure from plucked hair with Raman spectroscopy would provide a needed tool for rapid medical triage after unexpected exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"197-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Pathology of Various Organs of Rhesus and Cynomolgus Nonhuman Primates Exposed to Two Different Doses of Acute Total-body Radiation.","authors":"Vijay K Singh, Stephen Y Wise, Oluseyi O Fatanmi, Sarah A Petrus, Issa Melendez-Miranda, Alana D Carpenter, Sang-Ho Lee, Thomas M Seed","doi":"10.1667/RADE-25-00062.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-25-00062.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is the primary nonhuman primate (NHP) model used for the development of radiation medical countermeasures (MCMs), but due to the limited supply of rhesus macaques that has resulted from their need in other high priority medical research areas, alternative animal models for MCM development have been sought. The cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is less well characterized and less commonly used, but represents another quite viable, large animal NHP model for investigating MCMs. We have investigated the nature of injuries within selected organ systems induced by two potentially lethal doses (5.8 and 6.5 Gy) of ionizing radiation delivered as a total-body exposure to both rhesus and cynomolgus NHPs. Results suggest that the injuries within organs with strong self-renewing capacities (gastrointestinal and lymphohematopoietic systems) were comparable between the two NHP species, although the severity of the injuries differed. By contrast, the nature and seriousness of noted tissue pathologies were more comparable for other tissues with more limited self-renewal. In aggregate, however, the observed radiation-associated pathologies in various organs appeared to be more prominent within cynomolgus NHPs and hence, were somewhat more sensitive to the radiation exposures compared to rhesus NHPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"212-229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Tumor Immunization Efficacy after Particle-Radiation Exposure.","authors":"Brian Ponnaiya, Naresh T Deoli, Guy Garty, Andrew D Harken, Peter W Grabham, Sally A Amundson, Elizabeth M C Hillman, David J Brenner","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00156.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00156.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Particle radiotherapy is successful in treating cancers that are typically refractory to conventional low-LET therapy; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Some suggest that, in addition to local tumor control, particle radiotherapy may induce long-range systemic anti-cancer effects involving the immune system that may be responsible for the overall success of the modality. Using previously published methodology, we have assessed anti-tumor responses in vivo using an immunization model. Comparing the efficacy of tumor cells killed by X rays and high-LET ions to protect against subsequent tumor challenge in mice, we have observed that at equidoses, heavy ions are more effective at generating anti-tumor responses than X rays.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"266-270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological and Respiratory Effects in a Healthy Rodent Model after Inhalation of Low and Regulated Levels of Radon.","authors":"Dylan De Bellis, James McEvoy-May, Christopher Kalnins, Stephanie Puukila, Antony M Hooker, Douglas Boreham, Dani-Louise Dixon","doi":"10.1667/RADE-24-00253.1","DOIUrl":"10.1667/RADE-24-00253.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radon gas is a naturally occurring substance and contributes significantly to the public background radiation dose. It is widely accepted that radon has harmful effects, being considered the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking; however, studies also indicate that exposure to low doses may have beneficial effects. As the debate continues, robust animal models are essential to investigate the effects of low-dose radon exposure on biological systems. In this study, we examined the temporal effects of low and regulated levels of radon (400 Bq/m3 and 1,000 Bq/m3) on the lungs of a healthy in vivo rat model using our specially designed radon chamber. Rats were housed with or without radon gas in the chamber for durations of 18 h, 90 h, 2 × 90 h, or 4 × 90 h. After exposure, a tracheotomy under anesthesia was performed, and respiratory function was assessed using a small animal ventilator. Rats were humanely euthanized, tissues were removed, and immunological and biological outcomes were evaluated. Our results demonstrate that the inhalation of radon and its decay products results in subsequent molecular activation in this system, establishing a model for low-level radon exposure in a healthy animal, and suggest that low and regulated levels of radon exposure for up to 4 weeks do not lead to biologically significant negative health outcomes. This model will facilitate further investigation into the role of radon in cancer development and its potential therapeutic applications in alleviating symptoms of inflammatory conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20903,"journal":{"name":"Radiation research","volume":" ","pages":"184-196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}