Psychiatria polska最新文献

{"title":"Is there a relationship between insomnia, stress, and job burnout among health care workers?","authors":"Karolina Klaudia Słowik, Daria Schneider-Matyka, Mariola Dombek, Grzegorz Wójcik, Izabela Cerzniewska","doi":"10.12740/PP/199519","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/199519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to search for the relationship between insomnia, stress, and occupational burnout and to identify factors influencing their severity among health care workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This survey-based study was conducted among 216 health care workers. It was performed using the author questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of the effects of stress (PSS-10) and insomnia (AIS) on occupational burnout showed that stress correlated significantly (p ˂ 0.05) and positively (r ˃ 0) with all MBI subscales; that is, the more severe the stress, the higher the levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, but also personal accomplishment. Insomnia correlated significantly (p ˂ 0.05) and positively (r ˃ 0) with all MBI subscales - the more severe the insomnia, the higher the levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, but also personal accomplishment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>(1) Age and work experience were the sociodemographic variables that determined the occurrence of insomnia among the surveyed participants. (2) The form of employment may be an important factor that determines the level of stress, insomnia, and job burnout. Those employed under permanent contracts had lower levels of stress and job burnout, more often suffered from insomnia, and had higher levels of personal accomplishment. (3) In the study group, stress and insomnia influenced all aspects of job burnout. As stress and insomnia increased, so did levels of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, but also personal accomplishment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"60 1","pages":"91-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating role of unfavorable distribution of resources in association between sense of hopelessness and intensity of self-aggression in problematic substance users.","authors":"Iwona Niewiadomska, Krzysztof Jurek, Joanna Chwaszcz, Jakub Michał Grochowski","doi":"10.12740/PP/196830","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/196830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the mediating role of negative resources distribution in the relationship between sense of hopelessness and intensity of self-aggression in problematic substance users. Beck's concept was used to define sense of hopelessness, while Gaś's concept of psychological aggression syndrome was used to define self-aggressive behavior. Two dimensions of this syndrome were crucial for our research ‒ self-destructive tendencies and hostility towards oneself. The mediating functions of resource distribution consistent with the desperation principle are described based on Conservation of Resources Theory by Hobfoll.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study encompassed 606 individuals. The mean age was 42.58. The study used the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) in the Polish adaptation by Oleś and Juros, the Psychological Inventory of Aggression Syndrome (IPSA), and the Polish adaptation of Hobfoll's Conservation of Resources-Evaluation (COR-E).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our research showed a significant positive correlation between sense of hopelessness and intensity of self-destructive behaviors in problematic substance users. Distribution of resources is a mediator of the relationship between feeling of hopelessness and the frequency of self-aggressive behaviors: an increase in the feeling of hopelessness leads to a significant unfavorable distribution of resources, while an unfavorable distribution of resources co-occurs with an increased risk of self-destructive behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a group of problematic substance users, intensity of their sense of hopelessness is correlated with a tendency to self-aggressive behaviors. Distribution of resources moderates this correlation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"60 1","pages":"129-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transition challenge: quality of life, diabetes distress, and glycemic outcomes in emerging adults with type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Maria Izbaner, Elżbieta Niechciał, Dorota Lenartowska, Paulina Waiss, Katarzyna Cyranka, Andrzej Kędzia, Dorota Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz, Aleksandra Araszkiewicz","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/217043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/217043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Limited data exist on the relationship between diabetes distress (DD), quality of life, and metabolic control in Polish adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) during transition to adult care. This study examines associations among Polish 18-year-olds with T1DM as they transition from pediatric to adult diabetes care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 110 consecutive patients aged 18 years with T1DM who completed the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36v1). Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) parameters were used to evaluate metabolic control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diabetes distress (DD) correlated with all quality of life scales but not with glycemic control. Women reported higher diabetes-related distress (p = 0.017) and poorer mental health (p = 0.009) than men. Smokers demonstrated worse glycemic parameters (p = 0.016) and poorer mental health (p = 0.008). Unexpectedly, poorer glycemic control was associated with better quality of life. A longer disease duration and an earlier age at onset were associated with worse glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diabetes distress is more closely associated with quality of life than metabolic control in Polish 18-year-olds with T1DM. Females, individuals with longer disease duration, and smokers may benefit from targeted interventions emphasizing both psychological support and diabetes education.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147309590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and diagnostic challenges in pediatric schizophrenia spectrum disorders in Poland (2014-2019): A nationwide register-based study in an international context.","authors":"Wirginia Krzyściak, Marta Szwajca, Natalia Śmierciak, Paweł Krzyściak, Krzysztof Szwajca, Maciej Pilecki, Łukasz Müldner-Nieckowski","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/215908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/215908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) in children and adolescents are rare but clinically severe conditions. In Poland, evidence regarding diagnostic practices and system-level determinants of pediatric SSD diagnoses remains limited. This study aimed to analyze nationwide trends in first-time inpatient diagnoses of SSDs in youth between 2014 and 2019, with a focus on age distribution, diagnostic coding patterns (F20, F21, F25), and selected indicators of service utilization and reimbursement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective register-based analysis was conducted using national inpatient data from the Polish National Health Fund (NFZ) for the years 2014-2019. The study included 9,034 patients aged 0-17 years who received a first-time diagnosis of SSDs coded as F20, F21, or F25 according to ICD-10. Trends in age at diagnosis, diagnostic category distribution, hospitalization volume, and reimbursement indicators were analyzed descriptively over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2014 and 2019, 9,034 inpatients aged 0-17 years received first-time SSD diagnoses. Schizophrenia (F20) overwhelmingly predominated across all age groups, while F21 and F25 were rarely used. A shift toward younger adolescents was observed, with a growing proportion of diagnoses in the 13-14-year-old age group and a gradual decline among patients aged 15-17 years. Hospitalization numbers remained relatively stable, while the volume of reimbursed services declined and total refunds increased, suggesting rising per-case costs despite lower service utilization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate a shift toward earlier diagnostic labeling of schizo- phrenia spectrum disorders in Polish youth and a marked overreliance on the F20 code, suggesting diagnostic oversimplification. These patterns are likely influenced by systemic and reimbursement-related factors and by the limited developmental sensitivity of the ICD-10 classification, particularly in pediatric psychiatry. Comparable coding tendencies and age-distribution shifts have been reported in U.S., German, and Scandinavian register-based studies, indicating that the Polish findings reflect administrative and structural influences on diagnostic practice rather than true epidemiological differences. Adoption of developmentally informed classification principles, such as those embodied in DSM-5, may improve diagnostic accuracy, care planning, and resource allocation in child and adolescent psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological Personality Traits and Time Spent on Selected Online Activities in a Group of Adults.","authors":"Ewa Wojtynkiewicz, Łukasz Cichocki, Tomasz Adaszak","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/203690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/203690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to examine the relationships between pathological personality traits, as defined by the alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorder (Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Disinhibition, Antagonism, and Psychoticism), and the time spent on various online activities (gaming, online communities, pornography, online humor, online shopping, e-books, video streaming, live video streaming, podcasts, and online music).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 224 participants (55.36% women) aged 18 to 59 years (M = 29.86; SD = 9.09). The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) was used, along with a self-constructed questionnaire regarding the time spent on selected online activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that men and women differ in the time spent on specific online activities, such as gaming, pornography, online shopping, and online music. Additionally, several weak to moderate positive correlations were observed between pathological personality traits and time spent on gaming, pornography, and online communities among men. Among women, weak to moderate positive correlations were particularly noted between pathological personality traits and time spent on online humor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests that men and women may be driven by different pathological personality traits when engaging in specific online activities. It also appears that various online activities may serve a regulatory function for different affective states associated with the configuration of specific personality traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of personality traits and severity of depressive symptoms in adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria before and after initiating gender-affirming hormonal interventions.","authors":"Dorota Baran, Katarzyna Zborowska, Violetta Skrzypulec-Plinta","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/208429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/208429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine which mental difficulties occur in adolescent transgender individuals before and after initiating gender-affirming hormonal interventions (GAHI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 50 transgender individuals. All participants were examined at the diagnostic process stage and at least 6 months after the initiation of GAHI. First, a qualitative study was conducted as an in-depth individual interview, followed by the administration of the following psychological tests: NEO-FFI and the Depression Assessment Questionnaire (DAQ). Statistical processing and visualization of the obtained results were performed using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for Office 365 MSO and Dell Statistica 13.1 (data analysis software system).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analyses showed that after the initiation of GAHI in adolescent transgender individuals, the level of neuroticism and the severity of depressive symptoms decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Initiating GAHI in transgender individuals has a positive effect on the level of neuroticism as well as on the severity of depressive symptoms. Significant relationships were demonstrated between the level of neuroticism and the severity of depressive symptoms in the studied subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's sexuality during pregnancy.","authors":"Krystian Wdowiak, Agnieszka Maciocha, Julia Wąż","doi":"10.12740/PP/199492","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/199492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy induces significant physiological and anatomical changes in a woman's body, which inevitably impact the sexual life of couples, leading to fluctuations in levels of desire and sexual satisfaction for both women and their partners. Sexual desire in pregnant women significantly decreases during the first trimester, increases during the second trimester, and declines again during the third trimester. Women report the lowest sexual desire during the first trimester, while their partners experience the lowest levels during the third trimester. Many couples completely abstain from sexual activity during the third trimester due to concerns about the baby's health and the potential risk of preterm labor. The main risks associated with sexual activity during pregnancy include the possibility of inducing preterm labor, pelvic inflammatory disease, hemorrhage, and (rarely) air embolism. Studies on the impact of sexual activity during pregnancy on preterm labor induction are contradictory, and evidence regarding other complications remains limited. Various sexual problems, primarily related to pain during intercourse and difficulties in achieving orgasm, appear to be common in pregnant and postpartum women. During the postpartum period, these issues may affect up to 90% of women, with pain during intercourse being the most frequently reported problem. Numerous studies have shown that approximately 20% of pregnant women experience mental health disorders, which also contribute to sexual problems within this group. These findings highlight the need for further research and educational support for expecting couples, which could improve their sexual well-being during pregnancy and after childbirth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"59 6","pages":"947-961"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146107226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech and Language Therapy in Mental Health Care of Children. Part 1: the areas of research and practice.","authors":"Ewa Hrycyna","doi":"10.12740/PP/194143","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/194143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The article is the first part of a study aimed at characterizing speech-language therapy care in mental health care of children. It concerns the areas of research and practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research has an exploratory character. The secondary qualitative analysis of archive data collected from my SLT practice with preschool age children was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preschool children experience a variety of speech, language and communication disorders associated with mental health problems. SLT needs may result from: mental disorders in various stages of their course, prodromal and subclinical states; psychological traits; family history of mental disorders; environmental conditions; migration; other medical conditions; using pharmacotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Conducting research on speech and language disorders in psychiatry is necessary, but at the same time difficult, especially in the case of children. Interference of developmental, pathological and environmental factors, mutual overlap of symptoms resulting from various conditions, and co-occurrence of disorders must be taken into account. Moreover, great caution should be exercised in interpreting the results of less advanced studies. The area of SLT research and practice is wide and diverse. It is defined by nosological and functional criteria. Cooperation between psychiatrists, psychologists, psychotherapists, and speech-language therapists is needed, both from a research and practical perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"59 6","pages":"893-904"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146107177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia in adolescents - mechanisms of action and therapeutic efficacy.","authors":"Wiktoria Nowak, Paulina Korba, Natalia Kinalska, Julia Kubik, Anna Lizoń, Wirginia Krzyściak","doi":"10.12740/PP/214532","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/214532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Olanzapine is widely used for schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder, yet its role in adolescents remains debated due to metabolic risks.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review mechanisms, efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and guideline positions of olanzapine in youth, with comparison to adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Narrative synthesis of randomized trials, open-label studies, meta-analyses, and major guidelines (APA, NICE, Canadian), with focused appraisal of pediatric data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Olanzapine's multi-receptor antagonism (D₂, 5-HT₂A/2C, H₁, muscarinic, α₁) underpins robust antipsychotic effects. In adolescents, short-term RCTs show significant improvement in PANSS/BPRS-C and YMRS versus placebo; efficacy is broadly comparable to risperidone and aripiprazole. Pharmacokinetics are similar to adults, though exposure is ~27-34% higher in youth. Adverse effects-especially weight gain, dyslipidemia, hyperprolactinemia, and glycemic abnormalities-are more pronounced in adolescents. Guidelines endorse olanzapine as an option for schizophrenia and as first-line for acute mania; OFC is recommended for bipolar depression by most but not NICE. LAI olanzapine is not approved <18 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Olanzapine is effective in adolescent psychosis and mania but carries substantial metabolic liability. Given no clear efficacy advantage over other SGAs, it is best positioned as a second-line agent in youth, with preference for monotherapy, cautious dosing, and stringent metabolic monitoring. Evidence for benefits on negative and cognitive symptoms in adolescents remains limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"59 6","pages":"1003-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146107151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor. Diagnosis of immune encephalitis requires a workup for specific antibodies and the exclusion of SARS-CoV-2 infection.","authors":"Josef Finsterer","doi":"10.12740/PP/189675","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/189675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>no summary.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"59 6","pages":"1049-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146107153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}