Psychological bulletin最新文献

{"title":"A meta-analytic review of cultural variation in affect valuation.","authors":"Jeanne L. Tsai, Daniel S. Chen, Angela M. Yang, Julie Y. A. Cachia, Elizabeth Blevins, Michael Ko, Maya B. Mathur, Oriana R. Aragón, Elisabeth A. Arens, Lucy Z. Bencharit, Stephen H. Chen, Ying-Chun Chen, Yulia Chentsova Dutton, Benjamin Y. Cheung, Louise Chim, Philip I. Chow, Magali Clobert, Arezou M. Costello, Igor de Almeida, Christopher P. Ditzfeld, Stacey N. Doan, Victoria A. Floerke, Brett Q. Ford, Helene H. Fung, Amy L. Gentzler, Eddie Harmon-Jones, Steven J. Heine, Derek M. Isaacowitz, Eiji Ito, Da Jiang, Emiko S. Kashima, Birgit Koopmann-Holm, Brian T. Kraus, Jocelyn Lai, Austyn T. Lee, Lilian Y. Li, Corinna E. Löckenhoff, Gloria Luong, Bradley C. Mannell, Yael Millgram, Shir Mizrahi Lakan, Benjamin Oosterhoff, Janelle Painter, BoKyung Park, Cara A. Palmer, Suzanne C. Parker, William Peruel, Matthew B. Ruby, Cristina E. Salvador, Gregory R. Samanez-Larkin, Molly Sands, Vassilis Saroglou, Marine I. Severin, Yoonji Shim, Benjamin A. Swerdlow, Maya Tamir, Renee J. Thompson, Yukiko Uchida, Chit Yuen Yi, Chen-Wei Yu, Xiaoyu Zhou","doi":"10.1037/bul0000499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000499","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High math anxiety is associated with lower math achievement across 90 countries: An individual participant data meta-analysis of representative student and adult samples.","authors":"Martin Brunner, Franzis Preckel, Thomas Götz, Oliver Lüdtke, Lena Keller","doi":"10.1037/bul0000514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Math anxiety and math achievement are reciprocally related, which likely impacts individuals' agency; their educational and career trajectories in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields; and countries' economic growth in these areas. Previous meta-analyses on this relationship have faced limitations from studies by using small convenience samples and have encountered methodological issues, such as variance restriction, low statistical power, and ecological bias. To address these challenges, the present research synthesis is the first to use a comprehensive collection of representative individual participant data from international large-scale assessments. This analysis incorporated cumulative evidence from 1980 to 2022, including 452 probability samples from 90 countries, and covered student and adult populations. The meta-analytic average correlation between math anxiety and math achievement was r = -.26. Moderator analyses revealed novel evidence that this relationship is sensitive to both construct characteristics and individual and contextual factors. Specifically, the negative relationship was weaker for the worry facet of math anxiety compared to its affective and cognitive interference facets, and it was weaker following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Additionally, the negative relationship was stronger for individuals with average and high levels of math achievement and in countries with higher gross domestic product per capita. Gender differences in the relationship were largely negligible after 2010, although female individuals exhibited a stronger negative relationship in the 1980s and 1990s than male individuals. In summary, synthesizing individual participant data from international large-scale assessments provided novel, nuanced, and robust evidence for research, practice, and policy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"152 2","pages":"207-253"},"PeriodicalIF":19.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is thinking inherently unpleasant? A cautionary note on David, Vassena, and Bijleveld (2024).","authors":"Axel Grund, Julian Roelle, Sebastian Schmid","doi":"10.1037/bul0000484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Is thinking inherently unpleasant? Recently, David, Vassena, and Bijleveld (see record 2025-07056-001) addressed this question in a meta-analysis, synthesizing results from 170 studies that used the NASA Task Load Index. They found a strong positive task-level association of β = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [0.73, 0.96], between an item for mental effort and an item for feelings of frustration, which was not moderated by various task characteristics. The authors interpret this finding as evidence for the claim that mental effort is inherently aversive. In this commentary, we argue that this conclusion is premature for two reasons. First, the mental effort item of the NASA Task Load Index captures task difficulty rather than intensity of thinking. Second, it is unclear whether the tasks studied included self-initiated cognitive activities, for which theories of intrinsic motivation predict a negative relationship between mental effort and negative affect. In accordance with this analysis, we provide suggestions for how to more appropriately study the conditions under which thinking feels aversive. Using the example of education, we also highlight problematic practical implications of depicting intensive thinking as inherently unpleasant. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"152 2","pages":"201-206"},"PeriodicalIF":19.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperament, personality, and psychopathology in youth: A preregistered multilevel meta-analytic review and preregistered large-scale replication and extension.","authors":"Benjamin A Katz, Allison N Shields, Ashley L Watts, Catherine Wu, Jennifer L Tackett","doi":"10.1037/bul0000515","DOIUrl":"10.1037/bul0000515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current pair of highly powered, preregistered studies estimates the associations between personality/temperament and youth psychopathology and evaluates the generalizability of these associations across diverse populations and research designs. In Study 1, a multilevel meta-analysis of 147 studies (k effects = 829, N = 46,369) quantified the cross-sectional associations among subjects aged 1.5-18, between five-factor model personality traits and internalizing/externalizing psychopathology dimensions within the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessments (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001). All traits but openness evidenced bivariate associations with both psychopathology dimensions (r = |0.18-0.42|). After adjusting for the covariance between internalizing and externalizing, each dimension showed a distinct personality profile. Internalizing was associated with neuroticism (β = .42) and negative extraversion (β = -.37). Externalizing was associated with extraversion (β = .30), negative conscientiousness (β = -.46), and negative agreeableness (β = -.50). Most variance was driven by informant effects, particularly within the externalizing dimension and when personality and psychopathology were informed by the same person (i.e., mono-informant). Study 2 was a preregistered replication and extension of Study 1 in a large, demographically diverse cohort of 9- to 10-year-olds (N = 10,414; excluding diagnoses of schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and substance use disorders) using cross-sectional, individual-participant, item-level data and measures of temperament corollary to Study 1 personality traits. Most of Study 1's personality associations with Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessments internalizing and externalizing dimensions were replicated for higher order temperament scales (e.g., effortful control) and for their lower order scales (e.g., activation control). Again, mono-informant effects were more pronounced than cross-informant effects. Taken together, these studies provide the first quantitative synthesis of robust cross-sectional associations between personality and psychopathology in youth, highlighting the impact of mono-informant effects. Future longitudinal research may parse out directional relations as well. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"152 2","pages":"127-156"},"PeriodicalIF":19.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion regulation in mental disorders: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of transdiagnostic and disorder-specific impairments.","authors":"Annika Clamor, Tania M Lincoln, Lars Schulze","doi":"10.1037/bul0000512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Models of mental health emphasize the fundamental role of emotion regulation (ER). Still, it is unknown whether ER impairment varies in severity and type between different disorders. To systematically investigate this question, we searched multiple databases via EBSCOhost for studies comparing adults with mental disorders to nonclinical controls on self-reported ER. We calculated standardized mean differences (SMD) and conducted multilevel meta-analyses to account for nested data. We included 619 studies (1998-2025) that assessed selected ER questionnaires in 41,590 clinical participants and 36,787 controls. Compared with controls, clinical participants overall reported pronounced difficulties in ER (large SMD = 1.70) and different ER strategy use (moderate to large SMDs: less frequent acceptance = -0.85, problem-solving = -0.63, and reappraisal = -0.63; more frequent avoidance = 1.00, rumination = 1.51, and suppression = 0.73). Difficulties in ER, decreased use of reappraisal, and increased use of rumination and suppression were evident in almost all mental disorders, emphasizing the transdiagnostic relevance of these facets. In addition, there were specific profiles for disorders with particularly pronounced effect sizes (e.g., difficulties in ER and acceptance in personality disorders; rumination and reappraisal in depressive disorders). An additional review of 25 ecologically momentary assessment studies of ER in daily life aligned with the main findings. Future research is needed to examine further disorders and the temporal relationship between psychopathology and ER. Nonetheless, there is substantial evidence to assume both universality of ER impairments across disorders and disorder-specific pronunciations. This speaks for using transdiagnostic interventions aimed at improving ER but also points to the need of additional, more targeted interventions for some disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"152 2","pages":"157-200"},"PeriodicalIF":19.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for Internalized Racism and Personal Self-Esteem Among Ethnoracial Minoritized Groups: A Meta-Analytic Review","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/bul0000508.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000508.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for A Meta-Analytic Review of Cultural Variation in Affect Valuation","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/bul0000499.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000499.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Content knowledge and comprehension: A meta-analytic review of correlational and causal associations.","authors":"Young-Suk Grace Kim, Yucheng Cao","doi":"10.1037/bul0000502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000502","url":null,"abstract":"We examined (a) the relation between content knowledge and comprehension (both reading and listening comprehension) using correlational data and (b) the impact of content knowledge instruction on content knowledge and comprehension using causal data. Moderation by assessment, person, instruction, and study quality characteristics was systematically examined. For causal data, listening comprehension was excluded from moderation analysis due to insufficient studies. Correlational data from 108 studies, 441 correlation coefficients, and N = 68,301 participants showed that content knowledge was moderately related to comprehension with an identical magnitude for listening comprehension and reading comprehension (r = .41). The relation with reading comprehension was stronger when content knowledge was assessed using norm-referenced tasks (r = .50) than when it was assessed using researcher-developed tasks (r = .39). Causal data from 55 studies, 304 treatment effect sizes, and N = 18,540 participants showed that content knowledge instruction improved content knowledge (g = 1.36) and reading comprehension (g = 0.44), but not listening comprehension (g = 0.13). Effects on reading comprehension differed: research-developed tasks (g = 0.51) compared to norm-referenced comprehension assessments (g = 0.21); knowledge activation (g = 0.66) compared to knowledge building (g = 0.19); and studies with an N of 1 design (g = 0.67) compared to those that did not (g = 0.18). The findings highlight the importance of content knowledge in comprehension while highlighting the need to consider variation in the relation and impact by assessment, instruction, and study quality features. Future directions are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":"1219-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":22.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attention bias for facial expressions of emotion: A meta-analytic review.","authors":"Joshua W. Maxwell, Robert D. Torrence, Eric Ruthruff","doi":"10.1037/bul0000496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000496","url":null,"abstract":"Facial expressions of emotion are critical to survival and social interaction. Their importance is underscored by evolutionary adaptations that enable their automatic production and recognition. As a result, emotional faces may receive attentional prioritization, even when completely irrelevant to the task at hand. Although attentional bias is theoretically plausible, empirical findings have been inconsistent: Some studies have reported bias toward emotional faces, whereas many others have not. To clarify this discrepancy, we conducted a meta-analysis of attentional bias for task-irrelevant emotional expressions, including studies using the additional singleton and spatial cuing paradigms (which includes dot probe paradigms). We found an overall effect between zero and small (Hedges's g = 0.08), based on 160 cases. The only significant moderator was the data set from which the emotional face stimuli were drawn, with the Gur data set (Gur et al., 2002) producing the strongest bias. In a second meta-analysis, we examined studies where the emotional expression was task relevant because both the expression and the target were singletons. Here, the overall attentional bias was small to medium (g = 0.41), based on 25 cases. We conclude that facial expressions of emotion do not bias attention when they are task irrelevant. In the discussion, we highlight some empirical and theoretical challenges to emotion automaticity and offer explanations for why the effect was between zero and small. One potential explanation is studies often utilize static photographs of actors portraying facial expressions of emotion, which are low in salience and ecological validity because they lack context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"32 1","pages":"1197-1218"},"PeriodicalIF":22.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data extraction by generative artificial intelligence: Assessing determinants of accuracy using human-extracted data from systematic review databases.","authors":"Thorben Jansen, Lucas W. Liebenow, Ute Mertens, Fabian T. C. Schmidt, Julian F. Lohmann, Johanna Fleckenstein, Jennifer Meyer","doi":"10.1037/bul0000501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000501","url":null,"abstract":"Psychological science requires reliable measures. Within systematic literature reviews, reliability hinges on high interrater agreement during data extraction. Yet, the extraction process has been time-consuming. Efforts to accelerate the process using technology have shown limited success until generative artificial intelligence (genAI), particularly large language models (LLMs), accurately extracted variables from medical studies. Nonetheless, for psychological researchers, it remains unclear how to utilize genAI for data extraction, given the range of tested variables, the medical context, and the variability in accuracy. We systematically assessed extraction accuracy and error patterns across domains in psychology by comparing genAI-extracted and human-extracted data from 22 systematic review databases published in the Psychological Bulletin. Eight LLMs extracted 312,329 data points from 2,179 studies on 186 variables. LLM extractions achieved unacceptable accuracy on all metrics for 20% of variables. For 46% of variables, accuracy was acceptable for some metrics and unacceptable for others. LLMs reached acceptable but not high accuracy on all metrics in 15%, high but not excellent in 8%, and excellent accuracy in 12% of variables. Accuracy varied most between variables, less between systematic reviews, and least between LLMs. Moderator analyses using a hierarchical logistic regression, hierarchical linear model, and meta-analysis revealed that accuracy was higher for variables describing studies' context and moderator variables compared to variables for effect size calculation. Also, accuracy was higher in systematic reviews with more detailed variable descriptions and positively correlated with model sizes. We discuss directions for investigating ways to use genAI to accelerate data extractions while ensuring meaningful human control. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":20854,"journal":{"name":"Psychological bulletin","volume":"9 1","pages":"1280-1306"},"PeriodicalIF":22.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}