Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Cortical thickness alterations in afro-descendants with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: An exploratory analysis","authors":"Rômulo K.P. Silva ,&nbsp;Mariélia B.L. de Freitas ,&nbsp;Licia P. Luna ,&nbsp;Kenya Vinent ,&nbsp;Candida H.Lopes Alves ,&nbsp;Lays Bittencourt ,&nbsp;Leandro Trovão ,&nbsp;Antônio E. Nardi ,&nbsp;Viola Oertel ,&nbsp;André B. Veras ,&nbsp;David Freitas de Lucena ,&nbsp;Gilberto Sousa Alves","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar. disorder (BD) on brain structure is not fully understood, with most evidence derived from European, North American, and Asian populations. Our study aims to evaluate these morphometric changes in cortical thickness(CT) among Afro-descendants and indigenous people. We included neuroimaging data from 23 SZ patients, 20 BD patients, and 21 healthy controls (HC), aged between 22 and 31 years (mean age = 25 years). CT of 68 regions, as defined by the Desikan-Killiany atlas, was obtained using FreeSurfer. Statistical analysis involved analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) controlling for age, with Bonferroni correction for false discovery rate. BD patients showed significantly decreased CT in the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex and left pars orbitalis compared to SZ and HC. In a subset of clinical patients (SZ and BD), depressive symptoms, as measured by Diagnostic Interview for Psychosis and Affective Disorders(DIPAD) subscores, correlated negatively with left parahippocampal gyrus thickness, while manic symptoms correlated negatively with right lateral orbitofrontal CT. These findings underscore the importance of including underrepresented populations in neuroimaging research to better understand the structural brain alterations associated with psychiatric disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"355 ","pages":"Article 112094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal subfields and psychotic symptoms: Functional connectivity insights from pediatric bipolar disorder","authors":"Zhe Shen ,&nbsp;Dong Cui ,&nbsp;Qing Jiao ,&nbsp;Rongwang Yang ,&nbsp;Shaojia Lu ,&nbsp;Weijia Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the structural and functional abnormalities in the hippocampus of pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) patients, distinguishing between non-psychotic (NP-PBD) and psychotic (P-PBD) subtypes, compared to healthy controls (HCs).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The research involved 72 participants, including PBD patients and healthy controls, recruited from The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. Structural and resting-state functional MRI data were collected. The study focused on measuring the volumes of hippocampal subfields and examining changes in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences in hippocampal subfield volumes were observed among the three groups. However, significant alterations in hippocampal subfield-related functional connectivity were found, particularly between the right hippocampus and various brain regions. These alterations were more pronounced in the P-PBD group, suggesting a distinct pattern of neural connectivity in patients with psychotic symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While structural abnormalities in hippocampal subfields were not evident, functional connectivity disruptions were significant, highlighting the potential of RSFC as a biomarker for PBD. These findings emphasize the critical role of functional neuroimaging in understanding the pathophysiology of PBD and suggest that disruptions in hippocampal connectivity may underpin the disorder, particularly in the psychotic subtype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"355 ","pages":"Article 112091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A single dose of cannabidiol modulates the relationship between hippocampal glutamate and learning-related prefrontal activation in individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis","authors":"Yiling Shi ,&nbsp;Cathy Davies ,&nbsp;Robin Wilson ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Appiah-Kusi ,&nbsp;David J. Lythgoe ,&nbsp;Gemma Modinos ,&nbsp;Sagnik Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cannabidiol (CBD) is being studied as a potential intervention for the people at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), though the mechanisms underlying its effects are not fully understood. Previous studies indicate that a single dose of CBD can normalize alterations in memory-related brain activation and modulate hippocampal glutamate levels in the early stages of psychosis. This study aimed to examine the acute effects of CBD on the relationship between hippocampal glutamate levels and brain activation during verbal memory in individuals at CHR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of thirty-three participants (n = 33) at CHR were randomly assigned to receive a single 600 mg dose of CBD (CHR-CBD) or a placebo capsule (CHR-PLB). Age-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 19) received no study drugs. Participants underwent MRI scanning while performing a verbal learning task, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hippocampal glutamate levels. Effect of group x hippocampal glutamate interactions on brain activation was tested.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CHR-PLB showed positive correlation between hippocampal glutamate levels and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) (Pcorr. = 0.0039) activation compared to HC during both verbal encoding and recall. Under a single dose of CBD, the glutamate-dlPFC activation relationship was negative and significantly different compared to placebo in CHR individuals (Pcorr. = 0.0001) during both verbal encoding and recall. The reversed correlation in CBD group was also observed in the parahippocampal gyrus (Pcorr. = 0.0022) and amygdala (Pcorr. = 0.0019) during verbal recall.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that CBD may normalise disrupted hippocampal–prefrontal glutamatergic coupling in CHR, highlighting its potential to target the neurochemical mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"355 ","pages":"Article 112095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145669563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal EEG activity in major depressive disorder during musical reward experience","authors":"Lu Xia ,&nbsp;Chuanshi Su ,&nbsp;Jinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Lihong Xie ,&nbsp;Kexin Sun ,&nbsp;Daxing Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A major clinical feature of depression is anhedonia, which is closely linked to dysfunction of the reward system. But there is a lack of research on musical reward and its neuroelectrophysiological characteristics in depression. Therefore, we investigated these characteristics of major depressive disorder (MDD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The EEG of 28 MDD and 30 healthy controls (HC) while listening to music was recorded to assess theta power spectral density (PSD), theta phase lag index (PLI), frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), and beta/alpha ratio.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire score of MDD was significantly lower than that of HC. Under \"low pleasure\" and \"musical chill\" conditions, theta PSD values in the left and right prefrontal regions of MDD were greater than HC. Theta PLI was significantly higher under \"neutral\", \"low pleasure\" and \"musical chill\" conditions than under \"no music\" condition in MDD. In MDD, the beta/alpha ratio under the \"musical chill\" condition was higher than that under other music conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The musical reward sensitivity of MDD was weakened, but the musical reward experience could still be obtained. In musical reward experience of MDD, there were reward dysfunction compensations and the interaction between reward networks was weakened.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"355 ","pages":"Article 112083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for a randomised controlled pilot trial for transcranial direct current stimulation enhanced exposure and response prevention with feedback informed post-intervention maintenance of gains for obsessive compulsive disorder","authors":"Christel Botha ,&nbsp;Andrea Loftus ,&nbsp;Peta Green ,&nbsp;Rebecca Anderson","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Case studies examining the benefits of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhanced exposure response prevention (ERP) reveal clinically significant improvements in symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In the absence of control conditions, the validity of these findings requires further study. Efforts are also needed to enhance the longevity of any gains.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This paper presents the protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) that will, (1) examine the efficacy and longevity of a dual protocol approach combining tDCS and ERP for the treatment of OCD, and (2) pilot a personalised feedback-informed booster treatment protocol for the long-term maintenance of OCD gains. A double-blind between-subjects design is proposed to evaluate pre to post intervention gains in both conditions across an initial 10 session (4 weeks) treatment protocol and 6-month post intervention maintenance phase. tDCS will involve 20 minutes of 2 mA stimulation targeting the orbitofrontal cortex (cathode) and Pre-supplementary Motor Area (anode) as per the frontostriatal model of OCD. The primary outcome of this study is changes in OCD symptom severity (Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale; YBOCS). Secondary outcomes include changes in depression, anxiety, quality of life, neurocognitive function (inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility), and treatment acceptability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study will inform treatment approaches by demonstrating the efficacy of tDCS enhanced ERP for the treatment of OCD, and whether any treatment gains can be maintained with feedback-informed booster treatment sessions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 112074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the neural mechanisms of anomalous self-experiences in schizophrenia: A fresh perspective on discharge dysfunction","authors":"Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Lu Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This commentary article delves into the study by M. Beño-Ruiz-de-la-Sierra et al., which investigates the role of corollary discharge dysfunction in anomalous self-experiences (ASEs) among schizophrenic patients. The study's findings, while insightful, prompt further exploration into the specific brain regions involved, the statistical methods employed, and the implications for different schizophrenia subtypes. This paper aims to supplement the discussion by suggesting areas for future research and methodological enhancements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 112079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145346819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical network disruptions in Schizophrenia: A multi-level fMRI study of functional connectivity","authors":"V.S. Khorev ,&nbsp;S.A. Kurkin ,&nbsp;D. Stoyanov ,&nbsp;R. Paunova ,&nbsp;D. Najar ,&nbsp;S. Kandilarova ,&nbsp;A.E. Hramov","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background:</h3><div>We tested the hypothesis that Schizophrenia (SCZ) involves a systematic breakdown in brain network organization across different levels of graph-theoretical hierarchy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>Using resting-state fMRI from 43 SCZ patients and 63 matched healthy controls, we implemented an analytical multi-level framework. This integrated: global graph theory metrics to assess overall network topology; macronetwork metrics to measure functional specialization of large-scale systems; network-based statistics (NBS) to identify specific, altered pathways at the local level; a multigraph model to visualize hub reorganization between networks.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>We revealed a coherent pattern of multi-level dysfunction. Globally, SCZ networks showed increased local clustering and connection density, indicating a shift toward a less efficient, overly segregated architecture. At the macroscale, sensory and salience networks displayed elevated local connectivity, while higher-order cognitive networks (e.g., DMN, DAN) showed reduced specialization and increased cross-talk. Locally, NBS identified a core subnetwork of weakened connectivity within temporal-orbitofrontal-cingulate circuits. The multigraph model synthesized these findings, showing a widespread reduction in the integrative role of key cognitive hubs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions:</h3><div>Our findings establish a model of SCZ as a disorder of disintegrated brain network hierarchy, where disruptions at the level of local circuits and functional specializations collectively lead to global topological inefficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 112078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145326788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural markers in excoriation disorder: Systematic review of neuroimaging evidence","authors":"Elizabeth A. Hodgdon ,&nbsp;Carlie A. Sivils ,&nbsp;Jane Ellen Smith ,&nbsp;David C. Witherington ,&nbsp;Kristina T.R. Ciesielski","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excoriation disorder (ExD), or skin picking disorder, is a chronic body-focused repetitive behavior (BFRB) that leads to severe tissue damage, disfigurement, and psychological distress. Despite its prevalence, the neurobiological etiology of ExD remains poorly understood, hindering early diagnosis and intervention. This systematic review synthesizes findings from neuroimaging studies reporting on neural correlates of ExD. A comprehensive search of PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science identified 18 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Across 784 ExD participants and 530 controls, consistent patterns emerged in brain regions related to sensorimotor inhibition, habit formation, and perceptual-affective interaction. Structural MRI showed smaller volumes in the orbitofrontal cortex, insula, and cerebellum, but increased size of nucleus accumbens, associated in previous studies with deficient inhibitory control. Task-related fMRI showed increased activation in frontal and parietal regions but diminished engagement of posterior cerebellar-prefrontal circuits during sensorimotor coordination, and amplified insula and amygdala responses to aversive stimuli. Resting-state fMRI linked ExD symptom severity with reduced supplementary motor and prefrontal connectivity. The findings consistently point to deviation in networks subserving sensorimotor-emotional integration, one of the earliest stages of brain-behavior development. A hypothesis of ExD as a developmental disorder is suggested, guiding future research to early markers of detection and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 112075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining static and dynamic brain network analysis with machine learning for enhanced diagnosis of major depressive disorder","authors":"Chenjing Sun ,&nbsp;Ruping Feng ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Siyuan Ma ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Tai ,&nbsp;Jing Hu ,&nbsp;Jin Li ,&nbsp;Ning Qiang","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder that severely impacts patients' quality of life and social functioning. Early diagnosis is crucial for improving treatment outcomes, so rapid and accurate diagnosis of MDD is of significant importance. This paper combines static and dynamic functional connectivity analyses based on fMRI data and proposes a novel feature selection method to identify and classify brain network abnormalities in MDD patients. The advantage of this method lies in enhancing classification accuracy through feature fusion while simultaneously reducing feature dimensionality. First, whole-brain correlation analysis is performed based on fMRI functional connectivity, followed by Rich Club analysis and sliding window methods to investigate the topological properties of the intrinsic functional brain network in MDD patients. Finally, the abnormal brain network is used as a feature to classify and diagnose MDD patients and healthy controls, achieving a classification accuracy of 90.28 %. This result validates that the identified abnormal brain networks in this study have clinical significance for assisting in the diagnosis of MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 112076"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volume of the amygdala, hippocampus, Heschl’s gyrus, and planum temporale in epileptic psychosis","authors":"Noriaki Hirakawa ,&nbsp;Naoya Oribe ,&nbsp;Yoji Hirano ,&nbsp;Osamu Togao ,&nbsp;Kousei Ishigami ,&nbsp;Toshiaki Onitsuka ,&nbsp;Shogo Hirano ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Nakao","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Schizophrenia and chronic interictal epileptic psychosis (EPS) are thought to have different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. We aimed to investigate the neural basis of EPS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>T1-weighted images were analyzed in 16 patients with EPS, 16 strictly matched patients with epilepsy only (EP), and 16 healthy control subjects (HS). We conducted structural magnetic resonance imaging analyses using a manual drawing method of several regions of interest (ROIs): the amygdala, hippocampus, Heschl’s gyrus, and planum temporale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results revealed that both the EP and EPS groups exhibited significantly lower hippocampal volumes than the HS group (<em>p</em> = 0.008). There were no significant differences in the volume of any ROI between the EP and EPS groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our ROI analyses indicated that the hippocampus is affected by epilepsy but the amygdala, hippocampus, Heschl’s gyrus, and planum temporale may not be crucial for generating EPS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 112081"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145466843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}