Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of functional connectivity differences in Schizophrenia groups characterized by M1 receptor polymorphism during the N-Back task with fNIRS","authors":"Ece Çağlayan ,&nbsp;Yağmur Kır ,&nbsp;Murat Perit Çakır ,&nbsp;Bora Baskak","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the impact of M1-receptor polymorphism (rs2067477) on functional connectivity patterns of patients with schizophrenia receiving clozapine monotherapy. Although previous work suggested a relationship between M1-receptor polymorphism and cognitive function in schizophrenia, there are contradictory findings. In earlier work, we conducted an fNIRS experiment with treatment resistant schizophrenia patients and observed that the M1-receptor polymorphism did not have an effect on N-back performance; however, significant differences in cortical activity were observed at regions associated with working memory. The current study investigates whether there are differences in the functional connectivity patterns of these patient groups. Wavelet Transform Coherence method was utilized to observe overall and task-level differences in the connectivity profiles of patient groups. The results revealed that wild-type individuals exhibit higher brain activation in task related cortical regions in the prefrontal and premotor cortex, but lower functional connectivity in the fronto-temporal network compared to non-wild-types. These differences indicate the possible role of genetic variations in shaping the neural response to clozapine, with wild-type individuals displaying more efficient neural strategies, whereas non-wild-type individuals rely on broader, less efficient compensatory processes to sustain cognitive performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between α4β2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability and brain arousal regulation as assessed by 2-[18F]F-A85380 PET and EEG following nicotine cessation in male individuals with nicotine dependence","authors":"Jue Huang ,&nbsp;Philipp M. Meyer ,&nbsp;Ivonne Burgos Guerrero ,&nbsp;Georg A. Becker ,&nbsp;Michael Rullmann ,&nbsp;Nicole Mauche ,&nbsp;Bernhard Sattler ,&nbsp;Swen Hesse ,&nbsp;Franziska R. Zientek ,&nbsp;Ulrich Hegerl ,&nbsp;Maria Strauß ,&nbsp;Osama Sabri","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While α4β2-nicotinic-acetylcholine-receptor (α4β2-nAChR) density has been linked to cognitive performance, it remains unclear whether nicotine’s cognitive-enhancing effect are mediated primarily through direct receptor action. An alternative view suggests that nicotine exerts its influence by stabilizing brain arousal, which can be assessed using electroencephalography (EEG). This study examines the relationship between changes in α4β2-nAChR availability and brain arousal regulation following nicotine cessation in nicotine-dependent males.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ten nicotine-dependent male participants underwent assessments during continued smoking, 24-h, and 7-day nicotine cessation in counterbalanced sequences. The α4β2-nAChR availability was measured using positron emission tomography (PET) under continued smoking and after 7-day nicotine cessation. EEG-based algorithm assessed changes in brain arousal regulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A 7-day nicotine cessation led to higher availability of α4β2-nAChR in male participants. Despite higher availability of α4β2-nAChR, nicotine cessation showed no significant effect on arousal stability score and EEG-vigilance score. The findings of exploratory analyses suggested a potential non-linear relationship between α4β2-nAChR availability and arousal regulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings may suggest that the brain arousal regulation in some of the male participants may become more instable following a 7-day smoking cessation despite increased α4β2-nAChR binding. However, this sample limits the generalizability, and further studies with larger cohorts are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lorcaserin modulation of semantic drug cue-elicited effective brain connectivity in persons with cocaine and opioid use disorders","authors":"Liangsuo Ma ,&nbsp;Joel L. Steinberg ,&nbsp;James M. Bjork ,&nbsp;Kyle Woisard ,&nbsp;Edward Zuniga ,&nbsp;Kathryn A. Cunningham ,&nbsp;F. Gerard Moeller","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the neural mechanisms of drug cue reactivity may improve understanding of therapeutic targets for substance use disorders (SUDs). Preclinical studies indicate that the serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT_2A receptor (5-HT_2AR) and 5-HT_2CR systems considerably but oppositely impact relapse vulnerability. Specifically, 5-HT_2AR antagonists and 5-HT_2CR agonists reduce drug-seeking behavior and reactivity to drug cues. Our previous neuroimaging study showed that mirtazapine (a non-selective 5-HT_2AR antagonist) can reduce the effective connectivity (EC) of the pathway from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) to the hippocampus. The EC of this pathway has been consistently found to be associated with attentional bias towards drug cues in individuals with SUDs. To extend this finding, we investigated the effect of lorcaserin (a 5-HT_2CR agonist) on the EC linked to attentional bias elicited by drug-related cues by employing dynamic causal modeling on functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired during a drug-word Stroop task performed by 45 individuals diagnosed with SUDs. We observed a marginally positive correlation between the ACC → hippocampus EC and drug cue-related attentional bias at the pretreatment baseline. Furthermore, compared to the placebo condition, 7-day administration of lorcaserin reduced the ACC → hippocampus EC. Notably, these EC outcomes remained unaffected by factors such as handedness, presence of drug metabolites in urine, pretreatment urine drug screen, and the type of substance used. This study contributes further evidence of serotonergic regulation of the ACC → hippocampus EC, and the potential for this EC to be an early signal of target engagement for medication to treat SUDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the gap between neurology and psychiatry in body integrity identity disorder","authors":"Maryam ,&nbsp;Hadia ,&nbsp;Filza Haq Nawaz","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroanatomical patterns in adolescents with substance use disorder and their unaffected siblings","authors":"Hakan Kayış ,&nbsp;Betül Akyel Göven ,&nbsp;Zeki Yüncü ,&nbsp;Emre Bora ,&nbsp;Nabi Zorlu","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Little is known about the underlying neurobiological mechanisms in adolescents with substance use disorder (SUD). We aimed to examine brain morphology in adolescents with SUD and their unaffected biological siblings (SIB), relative to typically-developing controls (TDC) to identify alterations that may be associated with the familial risk for SUD. Structural magnetic resonance imaging analysis included 20 adolescents with SUD, 20 SIB, and 18 TDC. Adolescents with SUD showed lower cortical thickness mainly in the right prefrontal cortex compared to TDC. Importantly, the SIB group also showed lower cortical thickness in the right inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and larger cortical surface area in the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus and precuneus compared to TDC. We did not detect significant differences in subcortical volume or shape between groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that lower cortical thickness in the right IFC might be a candidate endophenotype for SUD. In addition, enlarged cortical surface area in the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus and precuneus might reflect compensatory or protective effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-modal predictive modeling of schizophrenia severity: Leveraging liver function indicators and cognitive scores with random forest and SVM","authors":"Sayed Sayem ,&nbsp;Sayed Sumsul Islam Sanny ,&nbsp;Rupali Hossain ,&nbsp;Tanjila Hossen ,&nbsp;Md Tauhidur Rahman Sakib ,&nbsp;Md Abu Talha","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder with cognitive deficits and systemic physiological disturbances, including emerging links to hepatic dysfunction via the gut-liver-brain axis. Despite growing evidence, the integration of liver function biomarkers into predictive models for schizophrenia severity remains largely unexplored. This study proposes a multimodal machine learning framework combining hepatic indicators—Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Bilirubin, Albumin, and International Normalized Ratio (INR)—with cognitive assessment scores to enhance severity prediction. A synthetic dataset of 500 patient profiles was programmatically generated using MATLAB R2023a, simulating realistic clinical variability across demographics and biomarker distributions. Controlled missingness was introduced and imputed using moving mean methods, followed by Min-Max normalization to standardize features. Two machine learning models were developed: Random Forest for continuous severity regression and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel for multiclass classification. The Random Forest regressor achieved an RMSE of 21.85, Mean Absolute Error of 17.26, and an R² of 0.70, capturing 72 % of variance. The SVM classifier attained 86.4 % accuracy, with macro-averaged precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.86, and an AUC of 0.91. Feature importance analysis revealed cognitive score, ALT, and AST as dominant predictors. Residual and confusion matrix analyses further confirmed model reliability. This integrative approach demonstrates the technical feasibility and clinical relevance of leveraging hepatic biomarkers alongside cognitive scores for schizophrenia severity assessment, offering a robust data-driven methodology for complex psychiatric evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding episodic memory in schizophrenia: a functional neuroimaging meta-analysis","authors":"Nada Hannaoui ,&nbsp;Mélanie Boisvert ,&nbsp;Stéphane Potvin","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In schizophrenia, episodic memory deficits are observed across verbal and visual memory tasks, as well as during free recall and recognition. Functional neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormalities in several brain regions, though findings have often been inconsistent. To resolve these discrepancies, we conducted a meta-analysis to provide an updated understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in episodic memory deficits in schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The meta-analysis included 59 functional neuroimaging studies using episodic memory tasks in schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed reduced brain activity, during encoding, in the left para-hippocampal gyrus, the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left fusiform gyrus and the left striatum. During retrieval, reduced activations were observed in schizophrenia in the left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and medial superior frontal gyrus, the right angular gyrus and the left supplementary motor are.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found reduced activations in the memory-relevant para-hippocampal gyrus, as well as in brain regions involved in semantic processing, cognitive control and visual processing. This study fills critical gaps in understanding the neural correlates of episodic memory deficits in schizophrenia, offering insights into how cognitive functions are affected in this disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric brain MRI findings in hair-pulling and skin-picking disorders in youth","authors":"Joseph O’Neill ,&nbsp;Tara S. Peris ,&nbsp;Emily J. Ricketts ,&nbsp;Jon E. Grant ,&nbsp;Christine Lochner ,&nbsp;Dan J. Stein ,&nbsp;Darin D. Dougherty ,&nbsp;Douglas W. Woods ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Kempton ,&nbsp;Nancy J. Keuthen ,&nbsp;John C. Piacentini","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pediatric hair-pulling disorder (HPD) and skin-picking disorder (SPD) are treatment-resistant conditions understudied with neuroimaging. We report cross-sectional morphometric MRI results from the adolescent-early adult subsample of the Body-Focused Precision Medicine Initiative (BPMI), a major HPD-SPD MRI database. Participants aged 11–21 years comprised 30 with HPD, 13 with SPD, 16 with both HPD and SPD, and 29 typically developing (TD). Whole-brain MRI was parcellated into cortical and subcortical regions with FreeSurfer. Volume and (for cortex) thickness and surface area of each region were analyzed for effects of HPD and SPD, controlling for psychotropic medication, age, total intracranial volume, and scanning site. Morphometry of four regions most reflected diagnosis and severity of HPD: 1) left inferior frontal cortex (larger and thicker for more severe HPD); 2) corpus callosum (larger for more severe HPD); 3) lingual gyrus (smaller right cortical surface area and white-matter volume); and 4) fusiform gyrus (smaller right cortical and white-matter volumes for more severe HPD). For SPD, there were three regions: 1) parahippocampal gyrus (larger left white matter volume and larger bilateral cortical volume and surface area for more severe SPD); 2) fusiform cortex (thicker left cortex for more severe skin-picking urgency); and 3) entorhinal cortex (thicker right cortex for more severe urgency). Variations in regional morphometry may result from or predispose to HPD and SPD. Left inferior frontal and callosal findings suggest lateralized dysfunction in HPD similar to language disorders; in SPD parahippocampal findings may indicate dysfunction in emotion regulation and/or contextual association.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring retinal thickness variations in adolescents with first episode psychosis and schizophrenia: A comparative study with healthy siblings and controls","authors":"Kardelen Akbal Bağcı ,&nbsp;Pınar Nalçacıoğlu Memiş ,&nbsp;Mustafa Akhoroz ,&nbsp;Beyza Nur Top Karakılınç ,&nbsp;Esra Çöp","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The retina offers a way to indirectly evaluate inflammation and degeneration in the brain. Recently, scientists are focusing on the retina as a valuable tool to understand brain structure and function. This study aims to compare retinal layer thicknesses of adolescents by using Optical coherence tomography (OCT), between first episode psychosis and schizophrenia patients, healthy siblings of schizophrenia patients and healthy control groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 18 first episode psychosis (FEP) and 22 schizophrenia patients, 29 healthy siblings of schizophrenia patients and 31 healthy controls.The sociodemographic data form, Scale for the Assesment of Negative Symptoms(SANS), Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale were completed by the clinician. The total macular thickness, macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), inner retinal layers including, ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL) were automatically measured by using OCT and compared between the four groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The inner süperior and inner inferior subsegments of IPL and inner temporal subsegments of GCL were found thinner in schizophrenia patients and healthy siblings than healthy controls. Also, average GCL, inner süperior, inner nasal of RNFL thickness was greater in FEP patients than in healthy siblings and controls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Retinal thinning in schizophrenia patients and healthy siblings might be the result of the neurodegeneration seen at schizophrenia. Also thinning in healthy siblings might be an endophenotype candidate. And the thickening in the FEP group could be due to neuroinflammation and edema occurring in the acute phase of the illness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 112020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of overnight trends in relative power for specific frequency bands, sleep stages, and brain regions between patients with depressive disorder and matched control subjects","authors":"Leping Li ,&nbsp;Amlan Talukder ,&nbsp;Deryck Yeung ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Li ,&nbsp;David M. Umbach ,&nbsp;John H. Gilmore ,&nbsp;Zheng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most EEG studies of MDD examined mean differences in frequency-band-specific power between MDD patients and control subjects; however, a few studies looked for differences in temporal trends in power. We focused on overnight time trends in relative power using polysomnography studies of 544 patients with MDD and 1662 age- and sex-matched controls. We sought to replicate our finding on MDD with an additional 653 patients with depressive disorder (DD) and 1959 age- and sex-matched controls. For each subject, we estimated trends as regression slopes separately for 180 features defined by six frequency bands, five sleep stages, and six brain regions. Relative theta power during stage 2 (N2) non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in the frontal and central regions of the brain increased more rapidly through time in MDD patients than in controls. Similar upward trends of relative theta power were also statistically significant in DD patients. If validated in a longitudinal study, the time trend in relative theta power in the N2 stage of the NREM sleep could potentially serve as a surrogate biomarker for monitoring the responses of patients with depressive disorders to treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 112021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}