Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Effects of exercise on response inhibition performance in adolescent males with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A fNIRS Study","authors":"İbrahim Tiryaki ,&nbsp;Kübra Soğukkanlı Kadak ,&nbsp;Ece Zeynep Karakulak ,&nbsp;Onur Erdem Korkmaz ,&nbsp;Ozan Sever ,&nbsp;İbrahim Selçuk Esin","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine the impact of exercise on Go/No-Go task behavioral performance, variations in average oxyhemoglobin concentration in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and capillary lactate levels in adolescent males with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) compared to their healthy peers. This study also aimed to examine the relationships between exercise-induced changes in capillary lactate levels, Go/No-Go task performance, and average oxyhemoglobin concentration in the DLPFC. The study included 20 male adolescents diagnosed with ADHD as the case group and 20 healthy male adolescents as the control group. In the pre-exercise assessment, the case group showed significantly lower oxyhemoglobin concentration in the DLPFC and fewer correct responses on the Go/No-Go task. However, the difference in oxyhemoglobin concentration during the 'Go' blocks remained significant after exercise, whereas the difference in the 'No-Go' blocks lost significance post-exercise. No significant difference in capillary lactate levels was observed between the groups, either pre- or post-exercise. No direct relationship was observed between changes in capillary lactate levels from pre- to post-exercise and changes in behavioral performance or brain activation. Consistent with the literature, we observed positive changes in certain behavioral performance data following exercise. Further studies are needed with larger sample sizes, including both genders and a wider age range of children and adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of the theory of mind damage and brain imaging in adolescent depressed patients with suicide attempt: A case control study","authors":"Mengting Li ,&nbsp;Yue Yang ,&nbsp;Hongyu Zheng ,&nbsp;Daming Mo ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Wen ,&nbsp;Longxing Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaolu Jiang ,&nbsp;Hui Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the correlation between the theory of mind and the amplitude difference of low-frequency fluctuations in resting-state fMRI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 38 depressed adolescents who had attempted suicide (SU group), 53 depressed patients who had not attempted suicide (NSU group), and 20 healthy controls (HC group). All participants used the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale. The low-frequency fluctuation amplitude (zALFF) values were calculated using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and compared between the groups. The theory of mind story picture task (theory of mind-picture sequencing task, ToM-PST) were used to test the psychological theory level of the three groups. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 25.0. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences between the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between zALFF values and psychological theoretical damage in specific brain regions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant zALFF values were found between the three groups (GRF correction), with decreased zALFF values in both the SU and NSU groups compared to HC. In the adolescent SU group, the primary belief, primary false belief, and deception scores were significantly higher than those in the NSU group. The primary false belief, reality, and deception detection scores were significantly lower than those in the HC group (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0. 05). Pearson Correlation analysis showed that the zALFF value of the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus was significantly negatively correlated with secondary false beliefs, reciprocity, and the total score. (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Juvenile patients with depressive disorder with suicide attempts showed an ability to understand secondary false beliefs, reciprocity, and total scores. This ability showed a significant negative correlation with low-frequency fluctuation amplitude values in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyri.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in adolescent depressive episodes","authors":"Nana Liang ,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Xue ,&nbsp;Jianchang Xu ,&nbsp;Yumeng Sun ,&nbsp;Huiyan Li ,&nbsp;Jianping Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression is linked to abnormalities in brain networks. Resting-state functional connectivity (FC), as measured using resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI), is a crucial tool for exploring the brain network abnormalities associated with depressive symptoms, as it reveals how disruptions in brain region interactions occur. However, research focusing on adolescents with depression is limited and inconsistent, highlighting the need for further studies in this area.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-five adolescents with Depressive episodes (DE) and 26 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state fMRI. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17). Seed regions were defined based on Yeo's seven-network scheme, including the sensorimotor network (SMN), ventral attention network (VAN), dorsal attention network (DAN), visual network (VN), frontoparietal network (FPN), default mode network (DMN), and limbic network (LN). These seed regions were derived from analysis of large-scale FC in healthy individuals, and were selected for their relevance to cognition, emotion, and depression research. Network-based statistical analyses were used to compare the adolescents with DE to the HCs, and correlation analyses were employed to examine the relationships between FC changes and cognitive performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed significant differences in FC between the DE and HCs groups, involving 17 nodes and 17 edges across seven networks. Decreased FC was observed within the FPN, as well as between the FPN and VAN, the FPN and DMN, and the SMN and both the DAN and VN. Increased FC was observed between the FPN and VN, between the DAN and other networks (i.e., the DMN and FPN), and between the SMN and multiple networks. Notably, FC between the right superior parietal (SMN) and right precuneus (DMN) showed a negative correlation with HAMD-17 scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results suggest that adolescents with DE experience widespread brain network abnormalities characterized by hypoactivity in external networks such as the SMN and VN, as well as hyperactivity in associative regions, including the DMN, FPN, SMN, and LN. Although these changes in FC are evident, the specific mechanisms linking them to clinical symptoms remain unclear and warrant further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation study between the microstructural abnormalities of medial prefrontal cortex and white matter hyperintensities with mild cognitive impairment patients: A diffusion kurtosis imaging study","authors":"Dongtao Liu ,&nbsp;Xiangke Ma ,&nbsp;Xinhui Li ,&nbsp;Kun Li ,&nbsp;Qiao Bu ,&nbsp;Lichun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between the microstructural changes of medial prefrontal cortex (m-PFC) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients by Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively collected 68 patients, including 47 patients with WMHs and 21 age matched controls. WMHs patients were divided into with MCI (<em>n</em> = 30) and without MCI group (<em>n</em> = 17). The m-PFC was selected for regions of interests (ROIs). DKI parameters were measured and compared between each group. Correlations between DKI parameters and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score were also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>1. Compared to controls, WMHs patients have lower MoCA score; WMHs with MCI patients have significant lower axial kurtosis (AK), mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis (RK) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri (ACG) of m-PFC; and also have significant lower MK in left ACG. 2. Compared to WMHs without MCI patients, AK, FA and kurtosis fractional anisotropy (KFA) of WMHs with MCI patients were also significantly decreased. 3. AK were positively correlated with MoCA score in both ACG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with WMHs were related to MCI. DKI sequence has certain application value in evaluating whether WMHs with MCI patients have cognitive function impaired.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111958"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple dimensions approach in polysubstance use: An ESEM analysis based on the RDoC framework","authors":"Laís da Silva Pereira-Rufino ,&nbsp;Denise Ribeiro Gobbo ,&nbsp;Rafael Conte ,&nbsp;Raissa Mazzer de Sino Romano ,&nbsp;Thays Cristina Silva Vissoto ,&nbsp;Marcelo Carvalho da Conceição ,&nbsp;João Ricardo Sato ,&nbsp;Henrique Carrete Junior ,&nbsp;Thiago Marques Fidalgo ,&nbsp;Maria Lucia Oliveira Souza-Formigoni ,&nbsp;Zhenhao Shi ,&nbsp;João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci ,&nbsp;Corinde E. Wiers ,&nbsp;Isabel Cristina Céspedes","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substance use disorders (SUD) are associated with cognitive alterations, influenced by genetic, neurodevelopmental, and environmental factors, and frequently co-occur with emotional disorders, complicating treatment strategies. Employing the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), this study investigated the direct and indirect relationships between drug abuse, neurocognitive performance, emotional indicators, and structural changes in brain regions implicated in emotional regulation and executive functions in SUD patients and healthy controls. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired from patients with SUD (n=50) and healthy controls (HC=50). Group differences were assessed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and regions of interest (ROIs). Participants were evaluated for substance use (ASSIST) and completed a battery of cognitive tasks and emotional tests. The SUD group exhibited higher levels of depression and anxiety, as well as cognitive deficits, compared to the control group. Additionally, the SUD group showed significantly lower gray matter volume (GMV) in cortical and limbic areas. However, the ESEM analysis indicated that limbic areas indirectly and negatively impacted ASSIST scores. Thus, we can conclude that structural impairments in limbic areas strongly influenced substance use patterns, even when reductions in cortical volume and impaired cognitive performance were also present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased functional connectivity between brainstem substructures and cortex in treatment resistant depression","authors":"Anastasia Gaspert ,&nbsp;Rasmus Schülke ,&nbsp;Zeinab Houjaije ,&nbsp;Tabea Bätge ,&nbsp;Christopher Sinke ,&nbsp;Nima Mahmoudi ,&nbsp;Thorsten Folsche ,&nbsp;Alborz Bastami ,&nbsp;Alexandra Neyazi ,&nbsp;Mike P. Wattjes ,&nbsp;Tillmann H.C. Krüger ,&nbsp;Stefan Bleich ,&nbsp;Helge Frieling ,&nbsp;Hannah Benedictine Maier","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies showed an abnormal brainstem-to-cortex functional connectivity (FC) in major depressive disorder. However, only few studies analyzed brainstem substructures in treatment-resistant depression (TRD).</div><div>In this study, we analyzed resting-state seed-based FC between midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata and cortical/subcortical brain regions in patients with TRD (<em>n</em> = 24) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (<em>n</em> = 24). FC was analyzed in each group and compared between groups. Correlation analyses assessed the relationship between FC strength and depressive symptom severity in regions showing significant group differences in seed-based connectivity.</div><div>Our findings reveal an increased FC in the midbrain and pons to the precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and temporal gyrus in patients with TRD compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, in TRD patients, FC between midbrain and cortex was negatively correlated with BDI-II scores, indicating a relationship between altered connectivity and self-reported depression severity.</div><div>It is essential to note that our naturalistic, cross-sectional approach precludes causal conclusions regarding the relationship between FC and pathophysiology of TRD. The small sample size necessitates confirmation in a larger cohort.</div><div>Midbrain/pons-to-cortex FC was increased in patients with TRD compared to healthy controls. Future studies should explore the relationship between abnormal brainstem-to-cortex FC and depressive symptomatology in more detail.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural indices of cognitive reappraisal impact the association between childhood trauma and suicide risk in adulthood","authors":"Kathryn C. Jenkins ,&nbsp;Lauren R. Khazem ,&nbsp;Shiane Toleson ,&nbsp;Kayla Kreutzer ,&nbsp;Craig J. Bryan ,&nbsp;Jagan Jimmy ,&nbsp;Stephanie M. Gorka","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood trauma exposure is a risk factor for suicide. However, not all trauma exposed individuals experience suicidal urges and core factors moderate this risk pathway. Individual differences in volitional emotion regulation capacity may be one key factor that shapes the association between childhood trauma and suicide; however, few studies have comprehensively investigated these associations using both subjective and objective indicators of emotion regulation. We therefore utilized a multimodal design with 80 adults reporting active suicidal urges.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants completed self-report forms capturing suicidogenic cognitions and severity of suicidal ideation. Volitional cognitive reappraisal was measured using self-report and prefrontal cortex activation (PFC; i.e., ventrolateral and dorsolateral) during instructed reappraisal with functional magnetic resonance imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hierarchal linear regression analyses revealed evidence of childhood trauma by PFC activation interactions on suicide risk. At low levels of vlPFC activation, but not high levels, greater childhood trauma was associated with greater suicidal ideation severity and suicide cognitions. Similarly, at low levels of dlPFC activation, but not high levels, greater childhood trauma was associated with suicide cognitions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hypoactivation of regulatory PFC regions during volitional emotion regulation may contribute to increased suicide risk amongst individuals with a history of childhood trauma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143041306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of subcortical structural volume in pediatric bipolar disorder patients with and without psychotic symptoms","authors":"Weijia Gao ,&nbsp;Qingli Mu ,&nbsp;Dong Cui ,&nbsp;Ce Zhu ,&nbsp;Qing Jiao ,&nbsp;Linyan Su ,&nbsp;Shaojia Lu ,&nbsp;Rongwang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) with psychotic symptoms may predict more severe impairment in social functioning, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in subcortical structural volume in PBD with and without psychotic symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited 24 psychotic PBD (P-PBD) patients, 24 non-psychotic PBD (NP-PBD) patients, and 18 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent scanning with a 3.0 T Siemens Trio scanner. The FreeSurfer 7.4.0 software was employed to calculate the volume of each subcortical structure. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to identify brain regions with significant volume differences among the three groups, and then the inter-group comparisons were calculated. Partial correlation analyses were conducted to identify relationships between subcortical structural volumes and clinical features. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was employed to verify the capacity to distinguish between P-PBD and NP-PBD, P-PBD and HCs, and NP-PBD and HCs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ANCOVA revealed significant differences in the volumes of bilateral lateral ventricles, third ventricle, left thalamus, and right pallidum among three groups. Compared with HC, the third ventricle volume was increased in both groups of PBD patients, whereas the left thalamus and right pallidum volumes were decreased, and the bilateral lateral ventricles were enlarged in P-PBD patients. In contrast, only the third ventricle showed further enlargement in the group of P-PBD patients compared with NP-PBD patients. Partial correlation analyses revealed that episode times were associated with the third ventricle volume in P-PBD patients. Furthermore, ROC analyses indicated that volume in the left lateral ventricle exhibited the greatest capacity to distinguish between the P-PBD and NP-PBD, and the third ventricle performed best in distinguishing both the P-PBD group from HCs and the NP-PBD group from HCs. The combined metrics demonstrated greater diagnostic value in two-by-two comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Current research suggests that PBD with psychotic symptoms may have more extensive lateral and third ventricular volume enlargement. Bilateral lateral ventricles may serve as potential neurobiomarkers to distinguish P- PBD patients from NP-PBD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 111948"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced gray matter volume in limbic and cortical areas is associated with anxiety and depression in alcohol use disorder patients","authors":"Laís da Silva Pereira-Rufino ,&nbsp;Denise Ribeiro Gobbo ,&nbsp;Rafael Conte ,&nbsp;Raissa Mazzer de Sino ,&nbsp;Natan Nascimento de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Thiago Marques Fidalgo ,&nbsp;João Ricardo Sato ,&nbsp;Henrique Carrete Junior ,&nbsp;Maria Lucia Oliveira Souza-Formigoni ,&nbsp;Zhenhao Shi ,&nbsp;João Ricardo N. Vissoci ,&nbsp;Corinde E. Wiers ,&nbsp;Isabel Cristina Céspedes","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a multifactorial disease closely related to neurodevelopment and environmental factors that influence behavior. This study explored the relationships between brain volume and behavior from an Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) based on the Research Domain Criteria. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from recent patients with AUD (<em>n</em> = 50) and healthy controls (HC=50). Group differences were assessed by means of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and regions of interest (ROIs). Participants completed a battery of neurocognitive tasks and emotional tests. When controlling for age, education levels, and total intracranial volume, we found lower gray matter volume in cortical and limbic areas, as well as significant impairments in the AUD group on cognition and affective status. This study demonstrated the importance of multifactorial analysis and complex models in order to better understand substance use disorders. The brain losses may have been the result of neurodevelopmental impairments due to biological and environmental factors that predisposed to AUD or the result of drug abuse. The ESEM indicated that limbic areas indirectly affected the alcohol severity through emotional dysfunction. These results suggest a more relevant involvement of limbic regions for the severity of alcohol use, showing a more significant association between AUD and mood disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 111946"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left posterior superior temporal gyrus and its structural connectivity in schizophrenia","authors":"Hitoshi Sasaki ,&nbsp;Manabu Kubota ,&nbsp;Jun Miyata ,&nbsp;Toshiya Murai","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The left posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology and core symptoms of schizophrenia, although its structural connectivity has not yet been systematically investigated. Here, we aimed to evaluate its white matter (WM) connectivity with Broca's area, the thalamus, and the right pSTG. Eighty-three patients with schizophrenia and 141 healthy controls underwent diffusion-weighted imaging and T1-weighted three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Probabilistic tractography was performed from the left pSTG to the Broca area, the left thalamus, and the right pSTG. Group comparison of WM fractional anisotropy (FA) in these pathways, as well as its correlations with the pSTG volume and clinical characteristics in the patient group, were examined. Patients showed significantly lower FA in the left pSTG-Broca and left-right pSTG pathways, but not in the left pSTG-thalamus pathway. Patients also revealed a trend toward a smaller left pSTG volume. Significant negative correlations were found in patients between FA in the left-right pSTG pathway and the left pSTG volume, and between FA in the left pSTG-Broca pathway and positive symptom severity. The present results suggest fiber-specific alterations in structural connectivity linked to the left pSTG, possibly supporting the “inner speech” and “interhemispheric disconnection” hypotheses of schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 111947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}