Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Depressive symptoms are associated with hippocampal volume in the oldest-old: The LifeAfter90 study","authors":"Alexander Ivan B. Posis ,&nbsp;L. Paloma Rojas-Saunero ,&nbsp;Yi Lor ,&nbsp;Kristen M. George ,&nbsp;Paola Gilsanz ,&nbsp;Pauline Maillard ,&nbsp;Maria M. Corrada ,&nbsp;Rachel A. Whitmer","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depressive symptoms are prevalent among those aged 90 and above, the oldest old, but studies examining associations with neuroimaging markers of brain health are sparse. Therefore, we tested the association between depressive symptoms and neuroimaging outcomes, and assessed whether these associations differ by gender. This cross-sectional study used data from 225 participants with imaging data from the <em>LifeAfter90</em> study (mean [SD] age=93.1 [2.2] years, 56 % female, 22 % African American/Black, 25 % Asian, 18 % Hispanic/Latino, 28 % White, 7 % multiracial/other). Depressive symptoms were measured using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and neuroimaging markers were collected via 3T magnetic resonance imaging and amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scans. Average GDS score was 2.6 ± 2.3. Greater GDS scores were associated with lower total (β=-0.06; 95 % CI -0.12,&gt;-0.01; <em>p</em> = 0.04) and right (β=-0.07; 95 % CI -0.13,-0.01; <em>p</em> = 0.02) hippocampal volumes. While GDS-by-gender interactions were not significant (p's interaction&gt;0.05), estimates of GDS with lower total and right hippocampal volume were stronger among women compared with men in gender-stratified models. GDS was not associated with other measures of cortical volume, amyloid PET, nor white matter integrity. In a racially and ethnically diverse cohort<strong>,</strong> greater depressive symptoms were cross-sectionally associated with lower hippocampal volume among participants aged 90+.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of anticholinergic burden with hippocampal subfields volume in first-episode psychosis","authors":"Agnès Belkacem ,&nbsp;Katie M. Lavigne ,&nbsp;Delphine Raucher-Chéné ,&nbsp;Carolina Makowski ,&nbsp;Mallar Chakravarty ,&nbsp;Ridha Joober ,&nbsp;Ashok Malla ,&nbsp;Jai Shah ,&nbsp;Martin Lepage","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polypharmacy is relatively common in early psychosis, but little attention has been paid to the anticholinergic burden of medication use (the cumulative effect of medications that block the cholinergic system). Evidence suggests that anticholinergic burden is associated with cognitive deficits and that hippocampal dysfunction may be involved in those impairments. We aimed to examine this association in a cohort of patients with first-episode psychosis. We hypothesized that patients with the highest burden would experience a more significant reduction in hippocampal volume compared to those with low burden and healthy controls, both at baseline (3 months) and at month 12. Patients (<em>n</em> = 82; low burden [<em>n</em> = 64] and high burden [<em>n</em> = 18], defined by a Drug Burden Index cut-off of 1) followed at the PEPP-Montreal clinic, and controls (<em>n</em> = 55) completed a 3T MRI at both timepoints. After controlling for antipsychotic dosage at both timepoints, results at baseline and over time revealed a greater reduction in left fimbria volumes in high-burden patients compared to low-burden patients and controls. Overall, the associations observed between high anticholinergic burden and hippocampal volume provide further evidence for considering this dimension when prescribing medication in early psychosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between EEG theta/beta ratio and response inhibition in autogenous and reactive obsessions","authors":"Zachary T. Gemelli,&nbsp;Maryam Ayazi,&nbsp;Han-Joo Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a diverse mental health condition that leads to substantial impairment and currently has limited success in treatment outcomes. The aim of the current study was to examine the ratio of electroencephalographic (EEG) band power within the Autogenous-Reactive (AO-RO) taxonomy of OCD during inhibition to improve our understanding of the disorder. Inhibition was measured broadly using interference and action cancellation tasks while EEG data was recorded from 61 undergraduate students. EEG band power was computed from frontal-central electrodes Fz and Cz for theta and beta frequency bands. Event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs) were used to measure EEG band power during inhibitory task performance to calculate the Theta/Beta ratio (TBR). The relationship between AO-RO severity and the TBR at each electrode was statistically analyzed using two hierarchical linear regressions. TBR at electrode Fz during the stop-signal task was the only significant EEG predictor of AO severity. TBR predictors were not significant for RO severity. These results suggest that AO is more strongly associated with a neural correlate of inefficient and excessive cognitive and attentional control than RO. Further research is required for determining the utility of TBR for characterizing the heterogeneity within OCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111966"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in Cingulo-Opercular activation during risky decision-making in youth with externalizing disorders","authors":"Olivia K. Murray ,&nbsp;Paola Mattey-Mora ,&nbsp;Joseph Aloi ,&nbsp;Mohannad Abu-Sultanah ,&nbsp;Michael P. Smoker ,&nbsp;Leslie A. Hulvershorn","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Risky decision-making deficits predict unsafe behaviors, but sex differences in decision-making are underexplored in high-risk youth with externalizing disorders. While boys with externalizing pathology are more likely to make risky decisions, it remains unclear how these patterns manifest in girls, whose brains may process risks differently. Our study investigates sex differences in risky decision-making neurobiological activation among at-risk adolescents to identify sex-specific vulnerabilities for risky behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>168 adolescents divided into four groups of 81 externalizing males, 39 externalizing females, 33 control males, and 15 control females completed a risky decision-making task, the Balloon Analog Risk Task, during functional magnetic resonance imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our primary finding was that externalizing males showed greater activation in the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex as the chance of a balloon explosion increased while making riskier choices over safer choices, compared to all other groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight key sex differences in the neurobiology of risky decision-making in youth with externalizing psychopathology within the cingulo-opercular network. With this network's involvement in cognitive control and impulse inhibition—functions critical for managing risky behaviors—understanding its role in the interaction between sex and externalizing disorders is crucial for targeted, sex-specific interventions preventing risky behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111965"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise on response inhibition performance in adolescent males with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A fNIRS Study","authors":"İbrahim Tiryaki ,&nbsp;Kübra Soğukkanlı Kadak ,&nbsp;Ece Zeynep Karakulak ,&nbsp;Onur Erdem Korkmaz ,&nbsp;Ozan Sever ,&nbsp;İbrahim Selçuk Esin","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine the impact of exercise on Go/No-Go task behavioral performance, variations in average oxyhemoglobin concentration in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and capillary lactate levels in adolescent males with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) compared to their healthy peers. This study also aimed to examine the relationships between exercise-induced changes in capillary lactate levels, Go/No-Go task performance, and average oxyhemoglobin concentration in the DLPFC. The study included 20 male adolescents diagnosed with ADHD as the case group and 20 healthy male adolescents as the control group. In the pre-exercise assessment, the case group showed significantly lower oxyhemoglobin concentration in the DLPFC and fewer correct responses on the Go/No-Go task. However, the difference in oxyhemoglobin concentration during the 'Go' blocks remained significant after exercise, whereas the difference in the 'No-Go' blocks lost significance post-exercise. No significant difference in capillary lactate levels was observed between the groups, either pre- or post-exercise. No direct relationship was observed between changes in capillary lactate levels from pre- to post-exercise and changes in behavioral performance or brain activation. Consistent with the literature, we observed positive changes in certain behavioral performance data following exercise. Further studies are needed with larger sample sizes, including both genders and a wider age range of children and adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of the theory of mind damage and brain imaging in adolescent depressed patients with suicide attempt: A case control study","authors":"Mengting Li ,&nbsp;Yue Yang ,&nbsp;Hongyu Zheng ,&nbsp;Daming Mo ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Wen ,&nbsp;Longxing Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaolu Jiang ,&nbsp;Hui Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the correlation between the theory of mind and the amplitude difference of low-frequency fluctuations in resting-state fMRI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 38 depressed adolescents who had attempted suicide (SU group), 53 depressed patients who had not attempted suicide (NSU group), and 20 healthy controls (HC group). All participants used the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale. The low-frequency fluctuation amplitude (zALFF) values were calculated using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and compared between the groups. The theory of mind story picture task (theory of mind-picture sequencing task, ToM-PST) were used to test the psychological theory level of the three groups. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 25.0. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences between the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between zALFF values and psychological theoretical damage in specific brain regions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant zALFF values were found between the three groups (GRF correction), with decreased zALFF values in both the SU and NSU groups compared to HC. In the adolescent SU group, the primary belief, primary false belief, and deception scores were significantly higher than those in the NSU group. The primary false belief, reality, and deception detection scores were significantly lower than those in the HC group (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0. 05). Pearson Correlation analysis showed that the zALFF value of the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus was significantly negatively correlated with secondary false beliefs, reciprocity, and the total score. (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Juvenile patients with depressive disorder with suicide attempts showed an ability to understand secondary false beliefs, reciprocity, and total scores. This ability showed a significant negative correlation with low-frequency fluctuation amplitude values in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyri.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in adolescent depressive episodes","authors":"Nana Liang ,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Xue ,&nbsp;Jianchang Xu ,&nbsp;Yumeng Sun ,&nbsp;Huiyan Li ,&nbsp;Jianping Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression is linked to abnormalities in brain networks. Resting-state functional connectivity (FC), as measured using resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI), is a crucial tool for exploring the brain network abnormalities associated with depressive symptoms, as it reveals how disruptions in brain region interactions occur. However, research focusing on adolescents with depression is limited and inconsistent, highlighting the need for further studies in this area.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-five adolescents with Depressive episodes (DE) and 26 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state fMRI. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17). Seed regions were defined based on Yeo's seven-network scheme, including the sensorimotor network (SMN), ventral attention network (VAN), dorsal attention network (DAN), visual network (VN), frontoparietal network (FPN), default mode network (DMN), and limbic network (LN). These seed regions were derived from analysis of large-scale FC in healthy individuals, and were selected for their relevance to cognition, emotion, and depression research. Network-based statistical analyses were used to compare the adolescents with DE to the HCs, and correlation analyses were employed to examine the relationships between FC changes and cognitive performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed significant differences in FC between the DE and HCs groups, involving 17 nodes and 17 edges across seven networks. Decreased FC was observed within the FPN, as well as between the FPN and VAN, the FPN and DMN, and the SMN and both the DAN and VN. Increased FC was observed between the FPN and VN, between the DAN and other networks (i.e., the DMN and FPN), and between the SMN and multiple networks. Notably, FC between the right superior parietal (SMN) and right precuneus (DMN) showed a negative correlation with HAMD-17 scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results suggest that adolescents with DE experience widespread brain network abnormalities characterized by hypoactivity in external networks such as the SMN and VN, as well as hyperactivity in associative regions, including the DMN, FPN, SMN, and LN. Although these changes in FC are evident, the specific mechanisms linking them to clinical symptoms remain unclear and warrant further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateralized white matter integrity changes across the lifespan in major depression: AES-SDM meta-analysis","authors":"Emily Zhang ,&nbsp;Alexander O. Hauson ,&nbsp;Anna A. Pollard ,&nbsp;Diane Zelman ,&nbsp;Monica Ulibarri ,&nbsp;George Kapalka ,&nbsp;Lydia Fortea ,&nbsp;Joaquim Radua","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This meta-analysis examined white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) differences across the lifespan to better understand underlying neurobiological mechanisms of major depressive disorder (MDD). Using anisotropic effect size-based–signed differential mapping (AES-SDM), the study meta-analyzed 67 whole-brain FA voxel-based analysis (VBA) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) studies. The sample included 3620 individuals with MDD and 3764 age-matched healthy controls, ranging from adolescence to older adulthood. AES-SDM uses anisotropic kernels combined with random-effects models and permutation tests to perform robust neuroimaging meta-analysis. Between-group analyses uncovered a lateralization effect: Adolescent and adult MDD were associated with left-hemisphere abnormalities, while older adult MDD was associated with right-hemisphere abnormalities. Specifically, MDD was associated with lower left anterior thalamic projection, left pons, left corticospinal projection, and left cingulum FA in adolescents; lower left optic radiation, left striatum, left cingulum, and left inferior longitudinal fasciculus FA in adults; and lower right anterior thalamic projection, right fronto-occipital fasciculus, right striatum, right superior longitudinal fasciculus, and left inferior longitudinal fasciculus FA in older adults. The laterality seen in the current data and previous research could potentially serve as biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy. It is recommended that future white matter MDD primary studies include more adolescents and older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation study between the microstructural abnormalities of medial prefrontal cortex and white matter hyperintensities with mild cognitive impairment patients: A diffusion kurtosis imaging study","authors":"Dongtao Liu ,&nbsp;Xiangke Ma ,&nbsp;Xinhui Li ,&nbsp;Kun Li ,&nbsp;Qiao Bu ,&nbsp;Lichun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between the microstructural changes of medial prefrontal cortex (m-PFC) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients by Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively collected 68 patients, including 47 patients with WMHs and 21 age matched controls. WMHs patients were divided into with MCI (<em>n</em> = 30) and without MCI group (<em>n</em> = 17). The m-PFC was selected for regions of interests (ROIs). DKI parameters were measured and compared between each group. Correlations between DKI parameters and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score were also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>1. Compared to controls, WMHs patients have lower MoCA score; WMHs with MCI patients have significant lower axial kurtosis (AK), mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis (RK) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri (ACG) of m-PFC; and also have significant lower MK in left ACG. 2. Compared to WMHs without MCI patients, AK, FA and kurtosis fractional anisotropy (KFA) of WMHs with MCI patients were also significantly decreased. 3. AK were positively correlated with MoCA score in both ACG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with WMHs were related to MCI. DKI sequence has certain application value in evaluating whether WMHs with MCI patients have cognitive function impaired.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111958"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple dimensions approach in polysubstance use: An ESEM analysis based on the RDoC framework","authors":"Laís da Silva Pereira-Rufino ,&nbsp;Denise Ribeiro Gobbo ,&nbsp;Rafael Conte ,&nbsp;Raissa Mazzer de Sino Romano ,&nbsp;Thays Cristina Silva Vissoto ,&nbsp;Marcelo Carvalho da Conceição ,&nbsp;João Ricardo Sato ,&nbsp;Henrique Carrete Junior ,&nbsp;Thiago Marques Fidalgo ,&nbsp;Maria Lucia Oliveira Souza-Formigoni ,&nbsp;Zhenhao Shi ,&nbsp;João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci ,&nbsp;Corinde E. Wiers ,&nbsp;Isabel Cristina Céspedes","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substance use disorders (SUD) are associated with cognitive alterations, influenced by genetic, neurodevelopmental, and environmental factors, and frequently co-occur with emotional disorders, complicating treatment strategies. Employing the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), this study investigated the direct and indirect relationships between drug abuse, neurocognitive performance, emotional indicators, and structural changes in brain regions implicated in emotional regulation and executive functions in SUD patients and healthy controls. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired from patients with SUD (n=50) and healthy controls (HC=50). Group differences were assessed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and regions of interest (ROIs). Participants were evaluated for substance use (ASSIST) and completed a battery of cognitive tasks and emotional tests. The SUD group exhibited higher levels of depression and anxiety, as well as cognitive deficits, compared to the control group. Additionally, the SUD group showed significantly lower gray matter volume (GMV) in cortical and limbic areas. However, the ESEM analysis indicated that limbic areas indirectly and negatively impacted ASSIST scores. Thus, we can conclude that structural impairments in limbic areas strongly influenced substance use patterns, even when reductions in cortical volume and impaired cognitive performance were also present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 111959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}