Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny最新文献

{"title":"Dietary habits and salivary cortisol levels as an early predictor of metabolic syndrome in children: a case-control study.","authors":"Ahmed ElSayed Wageeh, Ahmed Arafat, Amina AbdelWahab, Amany Mahmoud Elkilany, Maha Mohamed Anani, Zeinab Abdelall Mohammed","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.141933","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.141933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is an essential factor in developing metabolic syndrome. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis increases cortisol levels, which is associated with increased abdominal body fat accumulation, triglyceride storage in the adipose cell, insulin resistance, and development of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To understand the relationship between dietary habits, salivary cortisol levels and metabolic syndrome in children.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This case-controlled study included 46 subjects selected from primary schools in Ismailia city, Egypt. The study subjects were divided into two matched age and gender groups: Group 1: Children with metabolic syndrome as a patient group. Group 2: Normal age- and sex-matched children as a control group. All children were subjected to history taking, measurements, and laboratory investigations (total lipid profile, fasting blood sugar, circadian salivary cortisol in the day and at night).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a statistically significantly lower HDL level in the patient group compared to the control group, while there were statistically significantly higher levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and fasting blood sugar in the patient group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between salivary cortisol level in the day and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels in the patient group (<i>r</i> = 0.554, <i>p</i> = 0.006 and <i>r</i> = 0.485, <i>p</i> = 0.019, respectively). Similarly, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between salivary cortisol level in the day and waist circumference in the patient group (<i>r</i> = 0.500, <i>p</i> = 0.018). On the other hand, in the control group there was no statistically significant correlation between salivary cortisol level and triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, FBS, body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dietary habits, family history, and salivary cortisol levels during the day are more strongly correlated with components of metabolic syndrome, especially central obesity and blood pressure. Dietary habits have a great impact on developing metabolic syndrome; thus a healthy lifestyle is advised. Further studies, with a larger number of participants, are encouraged to confirm our observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 2","pages":"148-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver.","authors":"Andreas Antzoulas, Francesk Mulita, Vasileios Leivaditis, Anastasios J Karayiannakis, George Pappas Gogos, Markos Antonopoulos, George S Papadopoulos, Panagiota Goutou, Dimitra Koumoundourou, Nikolaos Benetatos","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.151849","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.151849","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 2","pages":"218-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid pancreatic lesions: etiology, morphology and utility of macroscopic on-site evaluation in predicting good yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy.","authors":"Abbas Ali Tasneem, Taha Yaseen, Syed Mudassir Laeeq, Zain Majid, Nasir Hassan Luck","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.151850","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.151850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Solid pancreatic lesions (SPL)s can be due to various etiologies, and their management depends on the histologic diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to document the etiology, morphology, and utility of macroscopic on-site evaluation (MOSE) in predicting good yield of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>All patients with SPLs referred for EUS-guided biopsy were included in the study. Etiology, morphology and results of EUS-guided biopsy were recorded. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) was not available; therefore, MOSE was performed by an endoscopist. Macroscopically, MOSE was considered satisfactory if at least 1 tissue core at least 1 inch long was secured. Histopathologically, a biopsy specimen was considered to have a good yield if it was sufficient to establish a diagnosis. Factors predicting good yield of biopsy (GYB) were identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total 176 patients included in the study, 111 (63.1%) were male (mean age 53.8 (±12.6) years; range: 14-80 years). Good yield biopsies (GYB) numbered 144 (81.8%); among them, 97 (67.4%) were neoplastic and 47 (32.6%) non-neoplastic SPLs. The commonest neoplastic SPLs were pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) (76; 78.3%), neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) (13; 13.4%), metastasis (5; 5.1%), and others (3; 3.1%), while the commonest non-neoplastic SPLs were mass-forming chronic pancreatitis (MFCP) (33; 70.2%), autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) (5; 10.6%), and tuberculosis (2; 4.3%). PDAs were more common in older patients (65/76; 85.5%) and in the head region of the pancreas (47; 61.8%), while NETs were more common in younger patients 7/13 (53.8%) and in the body of the pancreas 5/13 (38.5%). Factors predicting GYB were SPL size > 15 mm (<i>p</i> = 0.045), use of fine needle biopsy (FNB) needles (<i>p</i> = 0.001), ≥ 2 passes (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and satisfactory MOSE (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001) on univariate analysis; and FNB use (<i>p</i> = 0.049) and satisfactory MOSE (<i>p</i> = 0.001) on multivariate analysis. Our criteria for satisfactory MOSE had high sensitivity (85.4%), positive predictive value (95.35%), and diagnostic accuracy (84.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The commonest neoplastic SPLs are PDA and NET, and the commonest non-neoplastic SPLs are MFCP and AIP. PDAs have a predilection for the head region and older age, while NETs have a predilection for younger patients and the body of the pancreas. A good biopsy yield is likely with use of FNB needles and satisfactory MOSE.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 2","pages":"192-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the clinical utility of measuring serum infliximab and vedolizumab concentrations during monitoring of biologic therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.","authors":"Beata Kotowicz, Magdalena Chojnacka, Małgorzata Fuksiewicz, Piotr Kucha, Edyta Zagórowicz","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.147747","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.147747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Infliximab (IFX) and vedolizumab (VDZ) are monoclonal antibodies used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The concentration of biologic drugs must be high enough for a therapeutic response.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the association of VDZ or IFX concentrations with the clinical condition of patients with IBD during therapy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We examined 82 patients with IBD treated with VDZ or IFX. Blood samples were before the administration of the drug dose. Serum drugs were determined by ELISA with RIDASCREEN kits from R-Biopharm AG.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest median serum VDZ concentrations were observed in patients with UC and endoscopic response or remission. The median serum VDZ concentration during the maintenance phase in patients with endoscopic remission remained at similar levels, while in patients without remission, a decrease was shown. Additionally, analysis of VDZ concentrations in the group of patients without endoscopic remission showed a significant decrease in drug concentration in the maintenance phase compared the induction phase (<i>p</i> = 0.037). VDZ concentration of 26.4 µg/ml differentiated patients with endoscopic remission from patients who did not respond. In the group of CD patients, up to 91% of the patients responded to IFX treatment in the maintenance phase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sustained serum concentrations of VDZ in patients with IBD determined in the maintenance phase confirmed a positive response to this therapy, which in practice may have significance in optimising the dosage of biological treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 3","pages":"311-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12508381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatocolic fistula after ablative radiation lobectomy of a right lobe colorectal liver metastasis.","authors":"Marios Platon Dimopoulos, Francesk Mulita, Ioannis Spyridonidis, Trifon Spyridonidis, Panagiotis Kitrou, Dimitrios Karnabatidis, Konstantinos Katsanos","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.156469","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.156469","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 4","pages":"461-464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12746573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145865179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of vitamin D deficiency in children with chronic functional constipation.","authors":"Rasha H Metwally","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.144833","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.144833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide. Chronic functional constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in childhood in developing and developed countries. Vitamin D has been linked to different systemic diseases. The medical domain has recently been interested in the role of vitamin D.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To screen for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among children with chronic functional constipation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>It was a cross-sectional study. Two groups of children were collected at the outpatient clinic at Alexandria University. Children who fulfilled Rome IV criteria of chronic functional constipation were assigned to the first group (Constipation group). Children who did not have chronic functional constipation were considered as the second group (Healthy control group). Vitamin D level was measured in both groups. Statistical analysis used: Data were fed to the computer and analysed using IBM SPSS software package version 20.0. Quantitative data were described using range (minimum and maximum), mean, standard deviation, and median.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin D levels were significantly deficient or at least insufficient in the group of children with chronic functional constipation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic functional constipation is associated with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 3","pages":"280-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12511869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apoptosis markers in children with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a preliminary study.","authors":"Katarzyna Zdanowicz, Anna Bobrus-Chociej, Marta Flisiak-Jackiewicz, Monika Kowalczuk-Kryston, Jacek Jamiolkowski, Wlodzimierz Mielech, Dariusz M Lebensztejn","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.148527","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.148527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new disease definition. The development of hepatic steatosis is complex and may also be influenced by apoptotic mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to assess serum concentrations of selected apoptosis markers, cytokeratin-18 fragments (M30) and agiopoietin-2 (Ang2) in children and adolescents with obesity and to evaluate the association of these parameters with paediatric MAFLD.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The prospective study included 76 overweight/obese children with suspected liver disease. MAFLD was diagnosed according to the latest consensus. The concentrations of M30 and Ang2 in serum were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Liver steatosis was diagnosed in abdominal ultrasound in 45 obese patients (59.2%) who were classified as the MAFLD group. Children with MAFLD had elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), uric acid and M30 in comparison to non-MAFLD children. M30 positively correlated with ALT, AST, GGT, uric acid, Ang2 and the stage of liver steatosis. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, M30 (cut-off = 173.74 IU/ml with sensitivity = 76.9% and specificity = 69.6%) allowed overweight/obese patients with and without MAFLD to be differentiated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that the mechanism of apoptosis may play an important role in the development of MAFLD in children. There is a need for further studies in children to determine whether the M30 concentration may be an indicator of MAFLD progression and whether inhibition of apoptosis may become one of the therapeutic options for this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare presentation of pancreatic carcinoma mimicking advanced renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Julia Suszyńska, Aleksandra Ciarka, Mikołaj Frankiewicz, Tomasz Nowicki, Jacek Kowalski, Rafał Pęksa","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.151851","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.151851","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 2","pages":"215-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing diverticula: dietary changes for a more comfortable life.","authors":"Grażyna Piotrowicz, Beata Ossowska-Dorosz, Łukasz Dorosz, Mariusz F Kaszubowski, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Beata Stępień, Agata Rudnik, Agata Synowiecka, Grażyna Rydzewska","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.144982","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.144982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diverticulosis is an anatomical condition with increasing incidence. Diverticula are common findings during screening colonoscopies, making diagnosis and treatment challenging in routine clinical practice. Nutritional factors have been identified as significant risk factors, and it has been suggested that diets recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases may also positively influence the clinical course of diverticulosis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyse dietary patterns in various groups of patients with diverticular disease and to identify potential differences that may affect the types of symptoms presented.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A group of 100 patients, including 71 women and 29 men aged 40 to 90 years, were analysed using the FFQ-6 form and a 24-hour nutritional interview. The most common condition among individuals with diverticulosis was symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD), which occurred with similar frequency in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of dietary components revealed higher fat intake in the SUDD group and reduced vitamin E consumption, particularly in the group with segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD). Additionally, there was a significant reduction in the intake of calcium, magnesium, and zinc across all analysed groups, along with a nearly one-third reduction in dietary fibre intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the nutritional data, the factors that may contribute to the development of diverticular disease include high intake of animal protein, fat, cholesterol, deficiencies in microelements such as zinc, excess sodium, and excessive consumption of B vitamins, particularly vitamin B₆.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of fecal microbiota transplantation in selected neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders.","authors":"Anna Sopel, Wiktor Szczuciński, Tomasz Gosiewski, Dominika Salamon","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.146118","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.146118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a medical procedure that allows to establish a stable and healthy intestinal microbiota in various diseases believed to be related to a gut dysbiosis. Currently, FMT is successfully used to treat recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection. However, in recent years there has been evidence that changes in composition of gut microbiota may also be relevant in the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. This review focuses on exploring the complex connection between gut microbiota and pathogenesis of these neurological conditions. It also presents current research on a possible use of FMT as a therapeutic intervention targeting the gut-brain axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 2","pages":"127-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}