Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny最新文献

{"title":"Association between life satisfaction and selected socio-demographic factors and social and professional activity - a comparative study between patients with Crohn's disease and patients with ulcerative colitis.","authors":"Maciej Rogala, Danuta Owczarek, Piotr Brzyski, Magdalena Kozela, Daria Biechowska, Dorota Cibor","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.162019","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.162019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) substantially affect patients' physical, psychological, and social functioning. Although numerous studies have evaluated health-related quality of life in IBD, comparatively fewer investigations have focused specifically on life satisfaction and its relationship with socio-demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to compare patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), assess their level of life satisfaction, and evaluate its association with selected socio-demographic factors and social and professional activity.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This comparative study included 109 patients with CD and 101 patients with UC. The inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of IBD and an age of 18-85 years. The patients were recruited from the Clinical Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and the Outpatient Gastroenterology Department of the University Hospital of Krakow.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study did not reveal any differences between the groups in mean life satisfaction. No significant differences were observed regarding the effects of the diseases on social and professional activity. The CD patients demonstrated statistically significant differences in their life satisfaction by education level. The satisfaction level of UC subjects was significantly affected by their place of residence. Both CD and UC increased the need to restrict or withdraw from professional life, limiting social contacts. The decrease in Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was most affected by the deterioration of social standing; the least dependence was observed for the necessity of limiting one's professional life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both CD and UC patients report similar levels of life satisfaction, as both conditions have a comparable impact on their social and work lives. The patients are apprehensive about their future and are forced to limit their present professional involvement or withdraw from their professional life.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 2","pages":"206-214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of TRIM24 expression in gastric cancer and various human solid tumours: a comprehensive cross-sectional, and meta-analysis study.","authors":"Ali Beheshti Namdar, Pegah Bahrami, Ladan Goshayeshi, Hassan Mehrad-Majd","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.161886","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.161886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) protein has been reported to be dysregulated in various cancers.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study assessed the TRIM24 expression pattern in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Additionally, a comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to clarify the importance of TRIM24 expression in predicting the outcomes of various malignancies.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The expression levels of TRIM24 in 40 cancerous and adjacent normal tissues were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Patients were further classified into two groups based on high and low TRIM24 levels. The relationship between TRIM24 expression, various clinical features, b-catenin, and overall survival (OS) was evaluated using appropriate statistical analyses. Additionally, a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to assess the prognostic value of TRIM24 levels in various malignancies. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to estimate the possible associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TRIM24 expression was higher in GC tissues compared with their corresponding normal tissues (fold change = 2.69, <i>p</i> = 0.009). TRIM24 overexpression was associated with increased levels of b-catenin, and shorter OS in GC patients (HR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.06-14.60, <i>p</i> = 0.041). A meta-analysis of 24 eligible publications with 3639 patients also revealed a significant association between TRIM24 expression and shorter OS (HR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.49-2.69, <i>p</i> < 0.001). TRIM24 expression was also predictive of lymph node metastasis (LNM) (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.04-2.78, <i>p</i> = 0.036) and tumour stage (OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.74-3.47, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TRIM24 overexpression is strongly associated with tumour staging, metastasis, and unfavourable survival outcomes, highlighting its potential utility as both a useful prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target across various malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 2","pages":"191-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroenterological disorders in inborn errors of immunity. Part 2B. Overview of selected diseases.","authors":"Katarzyna Napiórkowska-Baran, Paweł Treichel, Kinga Koperska, Oliwia Kudrej, Natalia Mućka, Alicja Rajewska, Adam Wawrzeńczyk, Zbigniew Bartuzi","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.162018","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.162018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) often present with gastrointestinal symptoms, which may be the first manifestation of immunological abnormalities. The second segment of this review is a supplement to the description of diseases classified by the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) as primary immunodeficiencies, characterised by a specific clinical picture related to the gastrointestinal system. The article presents the current state of knowledge, discussing diagnostic, pathophysiological, and therapeutic aspects, emphasising the importance of multidisciplinary cooperation in the treatment of these complex cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 2","pages":"135-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autopoiesis and organ intelligence: toward a cognitive paradigm in medicine.","authors":"Vasileios Leivaditis, Francesk Mulita, Vasiliki Androutsopoulou, Ioannis Panagiotopoulos, Elias Liolis, Theodore Voudoukis, Georgios Tsakaldimis, Petros Drettas, Konstantinos Nikolakopoulos, Zafeiria Papathanassiou, Theodora Skoura, Christos Tsilivigkos, Ioannis Katsaros, Dimitrios Schizas, Alexandra K Tsaroucha","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.165065","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.165065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern medicine has been dominated by a neurocentric paradigm that locates cognition exclusively in the brain and treats organs as passive executors of function. Emerging evidence from biology and medicine challenges this view, suggesting that living systems are autopoietic and that organs such as the heart and gut, and the immune system exhibit forms of intrinsic intelligence. This article explores the conceptual foundations and clinical implications of cognitive biology, with particular emphasis on autopoiesis and distributed organ cognition, as a framework for rethinking health, disease, and medical practice. A narrative review was conducted, integrating key contributions from systems theory, cognitive biology, and philosophy of biology with empirical findings from cardiology, gastroenterology, immunology, oncology, and psychoneuroimmunology. Representative case studies and biomedical evidence were selected to illustrate how autopoietic and cognitive principles manifest in clinical contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 3","pages":"299-314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of personal protective equipment on quality measures of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.","authors":"Monika Pelczar, Klaudia Zielińska, Karolina Paks, Łukasz Wybrańczyk, Agnieszka Nowotarska, Andrzej Rak, Krzysztof Budzyń, Martyna Łęcka, Tomasz Romańczyk, Krzysztof Kurek, Magdalena Lesińska, Tomasz Marek, Piotr Wosiewicz, Marcin Romańczyk","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.164972","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.164972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a frequently performed endoscopic procedure that is critical for detecting early neoplastic lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. During the COVID-19 pandemic, operators were forced to use personal protective equipment due to the risk of virus transmission during gastroscopy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine the impact of the sanitary regime on the quality indicators of EGD.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data from 12,322 patients who underwent diagnostic EGD between January 2019 and December 2021 performed in three endoscopy units were analysed. The evaluated parameters were as follows: composite detection rate (CDR), endoscopist biopsy rate (EBR), and upper gastrointestinal neoplasm detection (UGN).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the patients, 6918 were female (56%), with a mean age of 58 years (IQR 24). Compared to the pre-pandemic period, during the pandemic (from 03.2020) there was an increase in UGN (3.1% vs. 4.6%, OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.26-1.86), CDR (26.0% vs. 31.1%, OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.20-1.41), and EBR (66.8% vs. 77.2%, OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.56-1.83). In the multivariate regression analysis, age (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.02-1.03), male sex (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.24-1.81), presence of alarm symptoms (OR = 3.93, 95% CI: 3.18-4.86), EGD performed during the COVID-19 pandemic (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.24-1.89), and endoscopy performed in the centre K (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 2.14-4.22) were related with UGN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the use of personal protective equipment, gastroscopy quality indicators and cancer detection rates increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 3","pages":"331-339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of endoscopic biliary drainage in access to systemic chemotherapy in patients with malignant biliary obstruction.","authors":"Grzegorz Boryczka, Marek Hartleb, Małgorzata Janik","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.161905","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.161905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Endoscopic drainage is the standard of care in patients with malignant biliary obstruction (MBO).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of biliary stenting in providing access to systemic chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Patients with bile duct obstruction (bilirubin > 2.5 mg/dl) caused by unresectable biliary or pancreatic cancer were retrospectively analysed with respect to use of chemotherapy and survival. Laboratory data were analysed at baseline, 7-10, and 28-35 days following biliary stenting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with MBO (<i>n</i> = 78) were allocated into one of three groups according to baseline bilirubin level [mg/dl]: 2.5-5.99 (1), 6.0-15.0 (2), and > 15 (3). At the first test, the mean bilirubin decrease from baseline in the respective groups was as follows: 1.19 (29.5%), 3.77 (38.5%), 7.1 (27.3%), and at the second measurement: 1.61 (40%), 5.69 (58.2%), 13.0 (50%), respectively. Chemotherapy was applied in 28 (35.8%) patients, less frequently in group 3 than in 1 (31.2% vs. 44.0%; <i>p</i> = 0.07) and 2 (vs. 38.1%; <i>p</i> = 0.06). The mean survival time was 4.8 ±2.8 months and was significantly shorter in group 3 than in group 2 (3.8 ±2.0 vs. 6.2 ±3.9 months; <i>p</i> = 0.02) and 1 (vs. 5.4 ±2.7 months; <i>p</i> = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In two-thirds of patients with MBO, endoscopic biliary drainage does not secure access to chemotherapy. The use of chemotherapy and survival time are significantly higher in patients with a bilirubin level below 15 mg/dl as compared to those with higher bilirubinaemia, but biliary drainage is only minimally effective in patients with a bilirubin level below 6 mg/dl.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 2","pages":"171-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling midgut volvulus: the critical role of ultrasound.","authors":"Zafeiria Papathanassiou, Konstantinos Zachos, Marios Platon Dimopoulos, Vasileios Alexopoulos, Konstantina Michalopoulou, George Theofanis, Francesk Mulita, Antonios Panagidis","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.161898","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.161898","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 2","pages":"236-240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health benefits of oat dietary fibre in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Vanda Sargautiene","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.161871","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.161871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oats are well-known for their health benefits in managing chronic diseases, mainly due to their fibre content, especially b-glucan, which has prebiotic properties.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review aimed to examine clinical and preclinical studies conducted in the past decade on the effects of oat dietary fibre, particularly b-glucan, in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases from 2014 to 2024 was performed using the keywords (oat <i>OR</i> oat beta glucan) AND (IBD <i>OR</i> UC <i>OR</i> Colitis <i>OR</i> Crohn's).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search identified 159 studies, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria. Two clinical trials, 1 case-control study, and one <i>in vitro</i> study highlighted the lack of human-based research, while 16 animal studies suggested promising beneficial effects of oat dietary fibre b-glucan in IBD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings emphasize the need for more clinical trials to further explore the potential of oat dietary fibre in treating IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 2","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of serum long non-coding RNA interferon gamma antisense-1 as a biomarker of activity in Crohn's disease.","authors":"Doaa Abdou Header, Abeer Mahmoud Ali Ibrahim, Asmaa Mahdy Ramadan, Fatma Ibrahim Dwedar, Khaled Abdel Aty","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.160534","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.160534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can result in progressive bowel damage and disability. Also, Crohn's disease can affect individuals of any age, from children to the elderly, and may cause significant morbidity and impact quality of life. LncRNAs are transcripts consisting of more than 200 nucleotides that can be processed by RNA polymerase II.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the role of serum lncRNA (IFNG-AS1) as a marker of disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 50 subjects divided into the following groups: Group I: Thirty patients with Crohn's disease, subdivided into: Group Ia; 15 patients with active Crohn's disease. Group Ib; 15 patients with Crohn's disease in remission. Group II: 20 subjects as control group. Detailed history taking, systemic physical examination, laboratory investigations, and relative quantification of serum level of lncRNA IFNG-AS1: real-time PCR was performed in all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean IFN-G AS1 (2-∆∆ cT) level in group I was (70.10 ±150.55 pg/ml) markedly higher than the mean in group II (0.70 ±0.34 pg/ml). The mean in group Ia had significantly higher IFN-G AS1 (2-∆∆ cT) compared to group Ib (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum IFNG AS-1 can be a good diagnostic marker and can be used to measure disease activity in Crohn's disease patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 1","pages":"82-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13085039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic platelet count value as a clinical indicator of postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatic resections.","authors":"Maria Papadoliopoulou, Francesk Mulita, Ioannis Margaris, Mirto Moutafi, Dimitrios Vouros, Theodoros Sidiropoulos, Panagiotis Kokoropoulos, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Nikolaos V Michalopoulos, Rkadopoulos Nikolaos A","doi":"10.5114/pg.2026.160542","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2026.160542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a common complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic change in pre- and post-operative platelet counts as a predictor of POPF.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted with 133 patients who underwent pancreatectomy between 1.1.2018 and 31.12.2022. Data were analysed with regard to epidemiologic parameters, operations performed, POPF grading A-C, postoperative complications management, duration of hospital stay, and overall morbidity and mortality, as well as clinical outcomes and POPF-associated mortality. Ratios of postoperative platelet values (nominator) to preoperative platelet values (denominator) were assessed for postoperative days 1-9. The ratios were analysed using logistic regression models to examine their relationship with POPF, clinically significant POPF, and POPF grading.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 133 patients, POPF occurred in 69 (52%) patients, with clinically significant POPF in 41 (31%); POPF grade A or biochemical leak (BL) in 28 (21%); POPF grade B in 29 (22%); and POPF grade C (Reoperation or mortality) in 12 (9%). Higher platelet counts on postoperative day 1 were associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing POPF, compared to lower platelet counts (<i>p</i> = 0.04). No association between postoperative platelet changes and clinically significant POPF was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An increase in platelets on postoperative day 1 may serve as a clinically useful predictor for POPF.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"21 1","pages":"97-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13085032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}