Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny最新文献

{"title":"Apoptosis markers in children with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a preliminary study.","authors":"Katarzyna Zdanowicz, Anna Bobrus-Chociej, Marta Flisiak-Jackiewicz, Monika Kowalczuk-Kryston, Jacek Jamiolkowski, Wlodzimierz Mielech, Dariusz M Lebensztejn","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.148527","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.148527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new disease definition. The development of hepatic steatosis is complex and may also be influenced by apoptotic mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to assess serum concentrations of selected apoptosis markers, cytokeratin-18 fragments (M30) and agiopoietin-2 (Ang2) in children and adolescents with obesity and to evaluate the association of these parameters with paediatric MAFLD.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The prospective study included 76 overweight/obese children with suspected liver disease. MAFLD was diagnosed according to the latest consensus. The concentrations of M30 and Ang2 in serum were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Liver steatosis was diagnosed in abdominal ultrasound in 45 obese patients (59.2%) who were classified as the MAFLD group. Children with MAFLD had elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), uric acid and M30 in comparison to non-MAFLD children. M30 positively correlated with ALT, AST, GGT, uric acid, Ang2 and the stage of liver steatosis. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, M30 (cut-off = 173.74 IU/ml with sensitivity = 76.9% and specificity = 69.6%) allowed overweight/obese patients with and without MAFLD to be differentiated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that the mechanism of apoptosis may play an important role in the development of MAFLD in children. There is a need for further studies in children to determine whether the M30 concentration may be an indicator of MAFLD progression and whether inhibition of apoptosis may become one of the therapeutic options for this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare presentation of pancreatic carcinoma mimicking advanced renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Julia Suszyńska, Aleksandra Ciarka, Mikołaj Frankiewicz, Tomasz Nowicki, Jacek Kowalski, Rafał Pęksa","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.151851","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.151851","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 2","pages":"215-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of vitamin D deficiency in children with chronic functional constipation.","authors":"Rasha H Metwally","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.144833","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.144833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide. Chronic functional constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in childhood in developing and developed countries. Vitamin D has been linked to different systemic diseases. The medical domain has recently been interested in the role of vitamin D.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To screen for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among children with chronic functional constipation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>It was a cross-sectional study. Two groups of children were collected at the outpatient clinic at Alexandria University. Children who fulfilled Rome IV criteria of chronic functional constipation were assigned to the first group (Constipation group). Children who did not have chronic functional constipation were considered as the second group (Healthy control group). Vitamin D level was measured in both groups. Statistical analysis used: Data were fed to the computer and analysed using IBM SPSS software package version 20.0. Quantitative data were described using range (minimum and maximum), mean, standard deviation, and median.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin D levels were significantly deficient or at least insufficient in the group of children with chronic functional constipation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic functional constipation is associated with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 3","pages":"280-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12511869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing diverticula: dietary changes for a more comfortable life.","authors":"Grażyna Piotrowicz, Beata Ossowska-Dorosz, Łukasz Dorosz, Mariusz F Kaszubowski, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Beata Stępień, Agata Rudnik, Agata Synowiecka, Grażyna Rydzewska","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.144982","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.144982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diverticulosis is an anatomical condition with increasing incidence. Diverticula are common findings during screening colonoscopies, making diagnosis and treatment challenging in routine clinical practice. Nutritional factors have been identified as significant risk factors, and it has been suggested that diets recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases may also positively influence the clinical course of diverticulosis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyse dietary patterns in various groups of patients with diverticular disease and to identify potential differences that may affect the types of symptoms presented.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A group of 100 patients, including 71 women and 29 men aged 40 to 90 years, were analysed using the FFQ-6 form and a 24-hour nutritional interview. The most common condition among individuals with diverticulosis was symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD), which occurred with similar frequency in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of dietary components revealed higher fat intake in the SUDD group and reduced vitamin E consumption, particularly in the group with segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD). Additionally, there was a significant reduction in the intake of calcium, magnesium, and zinc across all analysed groups, along with a nearly one-third reduction in dietary fibre intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the nutritional data, the factors that may contribute to the development of diverticular disease include high intake of animal protein, fat, cholesterol, deficiencies in microelements such as zinc, excess sodium, and excessive consumption of B vitamins, particularly vitamin B₆.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of fecal microbiota transplantation in selected neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders.","authors":"Anna Sopel, Wiktor Szczuciński, Tomasz Gosiewski, Dominika Salamon","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.146118","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.146118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a medical procedure that allows to establish a stable and healthy intestinal microbiota in various diseases believed to be related to a gut dysbiosis. Currently, FMT is successfully used to treat recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection. However, in recent years there has been evidence that changes in composition of gut microbiota may also be relevant in the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. This review focuses on exploring the complex connection between gut microbiota and pathogenesis of these neurological conditions. It also presents current research on a possible use of FMT as a therapeutic intervention targeting the gut-brain axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 2","pages":"127-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring new noninvasive parameters to predict oesophageal varices in patients with NAFLD-associated compensated liver cirrhosis.","authors":"Adnan Agha, Andrea Pasta, Francesco Calabrese, Eram Anwar, Mazin Taha, Virgie G Pedo, Ghada S M Al-Bluwi, Edoardo G Giannini","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.139210","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.139210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, which can be complicated by oesophageal varices and variceal bleeding. Screening for oesophageal varices is essential for initiating bleeding prophylaxis. Several noninvasive parameters for predicting oesophageal varices have been suggested (e.g., Baveno VI, expanded Baveno VI, and platelet count/spleen diameter ratio), although with variable efficacy in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare the non-invasive predictors of oesophageal varices.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related compensated liver disease who underwent screening endoscopy at a tertiary care unit in United Arab Emirates. The accuracy of the established (Baveno VI and expanded Baveno VI) and newly devised (platelet count)/(spleen diameter) + liver stiffness × (40 - albumin) noninvasive parameters in predicting oesophageal varices and the presence of large oesophageal varices was assessed in our population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the (platelet count)/(spleen diameter) + liver stiffness × (40 - albumin) formula had a higher accuracy than both Baveno VI (<i>p</i> = 0.030) and expanded Baveno VI criteria (<i>p</i> = 0.050) in predicting the presence of oesophageal varices. The (platelet count)/(spleen diameter) + liver stiffness × (40 - albumin) formula was associated with a higher number of spared endoscopies than Baveno VI (<i>n</i> = 16, 21.9%) and expanded Baveno VI (<i>n</i> = 9, 12.3%) criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The new formula could provide superior predictive value than the currently practiced noninvasive predictors of oesophageal varices. However, large-scale studies are warranted to confirm its predictive performance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver and other etiologies of chronic liver disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low blood orexin concentration as a predictor of increased nutritional risk and all-cause mortality after surgery for colorectal cancer.","authors":"Krzysztof Tojek, Damian Czarnecki, Marcin Ziólkowski, Małgorzata Michalska, Ewa Żekanowska, Natalia Mysiak, Łukasz Wołowiec, Jacek Budzyński","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.148513","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.148513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Orexin regulates food intake, as well as the development and progression of neoplasms.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine associations between nutritional risk and status and neoplasm stage and prognosis in patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In 84 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for CRC, serum orexin, nutritional risk and body composition (assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis and cross-sectional area determined using abdominal CT) were evaluated before the operation and 3 months after the surgery. The long-term follow-up lasted 1296.0 ±617.7 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to CRC patients with a serum orexin concentration lower than the cutoff value (197.9 pg/ml) determined in ROC curve analysis in prediction of all-cause mortality during long-term follow-up, those with orexin concentrations equal to or higher than the cutoff value were, at baseline and at the 3-month visit, more likely to have a lower score on the nutritional NRS2002 and a higher score on functional scales, greater handgrip strength, and higher skeletal muscle mass, and were less likely to suffer perioperative complications and all-cause mortality (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.13-0.89; <i>p</i> = 0.026) during the follow-up period. No statistically significant differences in tumor size, histopathological grade or clinical stage were found between CRC patient groups divided according to orexin blood concentration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum orexin concentrations were found to be statistically significantly associated with patients' nutritional risk and status before surgery and at a 3-month follow-up visit, and with all-cause mortality during the 3.6-year follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"62-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic use reduces the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea among adult patients: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Henry Wanyama, Tayyab S Akhtar, Sameen Abbas","doi":"10.5114/pg.2025.148486","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2025.148486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Probiotics potentially mitigate diarrhea incidence and severity, but their effectiveness in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) remains debated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This meta-analysis aimed to enhance evidence on probiotic use for AAD.Methods: A systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2010 to 2023 in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted. Eligible studies underwent risk assessment with the RoB-2 tool and data extraction using the random effects model. Subgroup analyses evaluated age, sample size, and probiotic strains' influence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen trials with 7427 participants were included. Overall quality was moderate. Pooled analysis favored probiotics, reducing AAD incidence by 40% (RR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.82). This effect was consistent across subgroup analyses. Multistrain probiotics showed superior protection (RR = 0.40 vs. 0.9 or 0.6 for dual or single strains).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review suggests that probiotics, especially multistrain combinations, mitigate AAD incidence. Future large-scale RCTs will address heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"5-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) - when, how, why, and why not: a guide for the unfamiliar.","authors":"Nikola Mumdzhiev, Rumen V Tenev, Mariana P Radicheva","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.145382","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.145382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) has established itself as one of the most used tests for detecting minimal hepatic encephalopathy. To use it in a certain population one needs to determine what the norms are, and have a proper set of inclusion and especially exclusion criteria. When performing the test (either for validating or as a search tool) authors may benefit from a little guidance. All the 5 tests - DST (Digital Symbol test), Number Connection Test A (NCT A), Number Connection Test B (NCT B), Serial Dotting Test (SDT), Line Drawing Test (LDT) - have certain parameters to follow. In time, deviations have appeared, and comparability between different samples has become somehow limited. As new tests are emerging, and in order to compare, one must be familiar with the tests' variants, benefits, and limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celiac disease and human gut microbiota - how can we study the composition of microorganisms?","authors":"Wiktor Szczuciński, Dominika Salamon, Anna Sopel, Tomasz Gosiewski","doi":"10.5114/pg.2024.139574","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pg.2024.139574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder induced by consumption of gluten protein present in foods such as wheat and rye. In recent years there has been increasing evidence that changes in composition of gut microbiota may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. Multiple methods of bacterial identification may be used to find microbiota changes characteristic for celiac disease, and the latest methods such as next generation sequencing offer new possibilities of detecting previously unknown bacterial groups that may play a role in the occurrence of celiac disease. This review focuses on multiple methods of identifying bacterial gut microbiome and presents results of recent studies exploring the link between gut microbiota composition and celiac disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20719,"journal":{"name":"Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}