Proceedings最新文献

{"title":"Effects of 6cm versus 2cm Resection Margin from Pylorus on Excess Weight Loss & Complication Rate for Laparo- Scopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Nine-Year Experience","authors":"Junaid Khan Lodhi, Saba Tahir Bukhari, Asma Munaf, Saima Amjad, Muhammad Zubair, Fawad Hameed, Muhammad Shoaib, Muhammad Khurram Jameel","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v38i1.422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v38i1.422","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: LSG is the gold standard sole bariatric procedure for morbid obesity. Small (2cm) and large (6cm) distance of resection margin from pylorus are both being used for neogastric sleeve formation however what is optimal distance remains controversial.\u0000Aims & Objectives: To assess excess weight loss results and complication rate with 6cm and 2cm distance of staple line from pylorus during a prolonged surveillance period.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Fatima Memorial Hospital from Dec 2013 to Dec 2022 spanning 9 years.\u0000Material & Methods: Medical records of 50 morbidly obese patients aged 41- 50 yrs were segregated into two groups of 25 each based on the LSG procedure conducted. Group 1 had LSG with 6cm resection margin from pylorus while group 2 had a staple line distance of 2cm from pylorus for neogastric sleeve formation. The patients were subsequently followed up for excess weight loss (EXL) and BMI at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years & 4-year interval. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21.P value ? 0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: EWL in Group 1 & 2 was 39.2± 6.77kg & 41.9± 4.35kg at 6 months,73.64± 6.49kg & 71.06± 7.77kg at 1 year,\u000065.52± 5.53kg & 63.92± 7.07kg at 2 years,58.16± 4.97kg & 57.28± 5.75kg at 3 years and 55.48± 3.39kg & 55.36±\u00003.72kg for 4 years were, not significant statistically. BMI in group 1 & 2 were 39.47± 5.11 & 35.88± 4.40 at 6 months,\u000029.22± 2.68 & 29.12± 2.00 at 1 year, 25.44± 1.96 & 24.73± 2.86 at 2 years, 22.84± 1.79 & 22.40±2.20 at 3 years and\u000021.66± 1.32, 21.67± 1.62 at 4 years were found to be statistically insignificant.\u0000Conclusion: With regards to extra weight loss, distance of resection margin from pylorus of 2cm or 6cm have identical effects but the latter has lowest complication incidence after 4 yrs of surveillance. Hence, a distance of 6cm is favoured to ensure safety of LSG for morbidly obese patients. And the findings of this study will help bariatric surgeons to improve technique of LSG in a safe and successful way for effective weight loss in morbidly obese patients.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"430 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grape Seed Extract Affects Body Weight, Liver Weight and Relative Tissue Weight Index in Aluminium Chloride Treated Rats","authors":"Sadia Iqbal, Muhammad Suhail, Ahmad Haris Suhail, Faiza Rauf, Faiza Shafqat, Maria Illyas","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v38i1.446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v38i1.446","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Grape seed extract (vitis vinifera) contains antioxidant compounds with ability to prevent aluminium chloride induced hepatotoxicity.\u0000Aims & Objectives: To study the effects of grape seed extract on body weight, liver weight and relative tissue weight index in aluminium chloride treated rats.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: This experimental study study was conducted at the Animal House of Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Duration of study was February 2017 to February 2018.\u0000Material & Methods: 24 adult, healthy albino rats (male) were divided in to three groups. Group A was given distilled water by gavage (1ml/day), Group B was given aluminium chloride (34mg/kg body weight) and group C was given aluminium chloride plus grape seed extract (34mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight) by gavage. Whole treatment continued for 42 days. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used for entering and analyzing data.p value of ? 0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: A significant difference in body weights of Group B and C rats was noted at the end of the study. Mean liver weight was significantly reduced in aluminium treated group and near normal restoration of liver weight was seen in group C receiving grape seed extract.\u0000Conclusion: Excessive aluminium chloride exposure led to a reduction in body weight, and liver weight. Grape seed extract being an antioxidant improved these effects.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"114 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Outcome of Shaft of Femur Fracture Fixation with Elastic Nail in Children Between 05 to 10 Years of Age","authors":"Ammad Ahmed, Zahid Munir, Iftikhar Muhyuddin, Kashif Jamal, Adeel Hamid, Zaigham Habib, Shuja Uddin","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v38i1.398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v38i1.398","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Femoral fractures are one of the most common issues in the childrens population. Between 6-16 age, there's no strong agreement as to the favored therapy. The therapy of femoral fractures in children has progressively changed towards a more operative tactic within the past two decades. This is because healthcare criteria demand more rapid mobilisation , early discharge and return to family with normal activity. Operative treatment results in short hospitalization and early mobilization, which has psychological, social, educational and economic advantages over conservative treatment.\u0000Aims & Objectives: The aim of our study is to determine the frequency of functional outcome with Flynn’s criteria in shaft of femur fracture stabilization with elastic nails in pediatric population between 5 to 10 years of age presenting in a tertiary care hospital.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: We conducted ‘Descriptive case series’, in the unit of Orthopedic Surgery, Services Hospital, Lahore from 01-09-2021 to 01-03-2022.\u0000Material & Methods: Sixty patients ranging from 5-10 yrs of age, fulfilling the selection criteria were enrolled after the informed consent in the study through the emergency of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Services Hospital, Lahore. Surgery for femoral fracture was performed in these patients under general anesthesia by a single surgical team with the assistance of the researcher. The children were followed up at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months. After 6 months, patients were evaluated according to Flynn’s criteria for femoral fracture outcomes with nailing and results were noted as excellent, satisfactory and poor. All the information was recorded in proforma. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version. 25.P-value ?0.05 was taken as significant.\u0000Results: Out of 60 patients, 23.3 % ( n=14) were in age group of 5-7 years and 76.7 %( n=46) were in age group of 8- 10years and mean age was 8.17±1.01years. 65.0 %( n=39) were male and 35.0 %( n=21) were females. Out of 60 patients, 21.7 % ( n=13) had road traffic accident, 63.3 %( n=38) had history of fall and 15.0 %( n=9) had miscellaneous cause of injury. The frequency of functional outcome according to flynn’s criteria was excellent in 51.7 %( n=31).\u0000Conclusion: We concluded that elastic nail is moderately simple to utilize and an compelling treatment for fractures of femoral shaft in legitimately chosen children by applying Flynn's criteria for functional outcome and can further be compared with other treatment modalities.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"98 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uretero-Pelvic Junction Obstruction with Calcification of Renal Pelvis Wall","authors":"Arshed Mehmood, Mohammad Taqi, Arif Qayyum","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v38i1.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v38i1.458","url":null,"abstract":"A 45-year-old male presented with dull pain in right lumber region. On ultra-sonography, he had severely hydro- nephrotic right kidney with thinned out parenchyma and markedly dilated renal pelvis. On Computed Tomography, there was severe right hydronephrosis and linear calcification on the medial wall of renal pelvis confirmed further on DTPA Renal scan. It was a non-functioning kidney with a normal functioning contra-lateral kidney. The right nephrectomy was performed and a 7 x 7 cm rounded disc like calcification was seen in the medial pelvic wall. Upon histopathology, it was a dystrophic calcification of renal pelvis wall which is a rare finding.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"14 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatoprotective Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Apple Cider Vinegar in Type-2 Diabetic Rat Model","authors":"Ruqaiyya Nazir, Muniza Saeed, Ghulam Mustafa, Seher Naeem, Hifza Noor Lodhi, Sehrish Ijaz","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v38i1.423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v38i1.423","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Type-2 diabetes mellitus, a major public health problem, is caused by insulin resistance. In diabetics, chronic hyperglycemia results in formation of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress in diabetic patients is responsible for hepatic damage because it causes activation of several pro-inflammatory mediators in liver. Hepatic complications of diabetes include fatty liver disease, necrosis, cirrhosis, carcinoma and liver failure.\u0000Aims & Objectives: To determine and compare the hepatoprotective effect of extra virgin olive oil and apple cider vinegar in streptozotocin induced Type-2 diabetic rat model.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: This experimental study was conducted at Animal House of Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan from May 2021 to June 2021.\u0000Material & Methods: In this study, 40 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups i.e., Group I was NC (negative control), Group II PC (positive control), Group III EVOO (Extra virgin olive oil) and Group IV (Apple cider vinegar), each group having 10 rats. Diabetes was induced in all rats except the rats of NC group at the start of the study by intraperitoneal administration of injection nicotinamide, followed by injection STZ after 15 minutes. Group III was given 1ml/100gBW/ day EVOO and Group IV was given 2ml/kgBW/day diluted ACV with distilled water in 1:5 orally for 4 weeks. Terminal sampling was performed at the end of the 4th week for estimation of liver enzymes (ALT, ALP and AST) in serum. Data were entered and analyzed in SPSS version 26. p value of ? 0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: On comparison with PC group, both the treatment groups showed significant decrease in serum ALT levels with p values 0.026 for EVOO and < 0.001 for ACV. Serum ALP levels were also decreased significantly in both the treated groups with p value < 0.001 for EVOO as well as for the ACV group. However, reduction in serum AST levels was nonsignificant with p values 0.082 and 0.058 in EVOO and ACV groups respectively.\u0000Conclusion: Both EVOO and ACV have hepatoprotective effect in Type-2 diabetic rats. However, ACV is more effective.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Culture Free Rapid ImmunoAssay (ELISA) and Genexpert (MTB/RIF) Technology in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis","authors":"Shahida Hussain, Sikander Sultan, Saba Riaz, Hajra Hussain, Chetan Lal","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v38i1.416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v38i1.416","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prolonged laboratory processes are major hurdles in the early diagnosis of tuberculosis. Prompt management of this disease is utmost necessary to control its spread. For this purpose, use of rapid and reliable laboratory testing methods for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are crucial alongwith timely infection management and preventing its transmission to the close contact population.\u0000Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to establish a diagnostic-connection between culture free cost effective rapid immuno-assay (IgG and IgM) and GeneXpert (MTB/RIF) technology for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the shortest possible turnaround time.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetic, University of the Punjab, Pakistan in collaboration with the Department of Pulmonology and TB Outpatient Department (OPD) at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore over the time of one year (2019-2020).\u0000Material and Methods: To achieve the aim, a total of 180 (pulmonary and extra-pulmonary) samples along with blood samples were collected from clinical suspects of Tuberculosis. All collected samples were subjected to AFB microscopy, GeneXpert (MTB/RIF) assay and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for IgG and IgM. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of both methods were determined by using the solid culture as the gold standard.Study data collected through questionnaire was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20).p value of ? 0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: The overall sensitivity and specificity of GeneXpert (MTB/RIF) assay were 98.2 % and 82.4% respectively, whereas, for IgG (ELISA) antibodies, it was 50.0% and 76.4% and for IgM (ELISA) antibodies 50.4% and 97.1% respectively.\u0000Conclusion: It was concluded that with fully automated GeneXpert (MTB/RIF) technology, maximum sensitivity and specificity can be achieved for diagnosis of tuberculosis within 2 hours.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"432 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Self Medication in Pregnancy in Secondary and Tertiary Care Hospitals of Pakistan and Factors Contributing Towards this Malpractice","authors":"Maryam Ahmer, Rimsha Iqbal, A. Akram, Habibah Ishaq Hashmi, Naila Abrar, Fehmida Shaheen, Muhammad Munir Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v38i1.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v38i1.431","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Self-medication during pregnancy is of special concern as it can lead to serious maternal and fetal adverse effects. By controlling the factors responsible for this practice, we can promote safer health practices during this critical period of a woman’s life.\u0000Aims & Objectives: Comparison of the prevalence of self-medication among pregnant women presenting in secondary and tertiary care hospitals of our country. Exploring the factors that contribute to the practice of self-medication in pregnant women.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: A multi-centric cross-sectional study was performed at the Heavy Industries Taxila Education City Institute of Medical Sciences (HITEC-IMS) for one-year duration i.e from September 2022 to September 2023.\u0000Material & Methods: The study population consisted of 354 pregnant women who were being consulted for antenatal checkups at Gynecology and Obstetrics OPD of Heavy Industries Taxila Hospital (HIT Hospital Taxila) and Tehsil Headquarter Hospital Taxila (THQ Hospital Taxila). Pregnant females of any age and gestation who presented to the OPD for antenatal checkups were included in the study. Any pregnant lady who was unwilling to participate or any of the women who were too critically ill to give a response were excluded from the study. Non-probability convenience sampling was used for the selection of participants. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. SPSS software version 25 was used to analyze the data.Results were deemed significant if the P value was less than 0.05.\u0000Results: The prevalence of self-medication in our study came out to be 35.59% in the current pregnancy. There is no significant difference in the prevalence of self-medication in previous and current pregnancies. Prevalence of self- medication in current and previous pregnancies is greater in THQ Hospital than HIT Hospital. Residence, education, monthly income, gestation, gravidity, parity, number of alive children and place of birth are significantly associated with the practice of self-medication in the current pregnancy. Cost and time savings were the two main justifications for self- medication. Headaches were the most frequent complaints treated by self-medication, and leftover medication and drug stores were the most popular sources. Antipyretics and painkillers were the two medications that were most frequently used for self-medication.\u0000Conclusion: The prevalence of self-medication in pregnant women was found to be more in a secondary care hospital as compared to the tertiary care hospital. This concludes that the quality of health care services provided to the patients can significantly impact their attitudes towards the management of their conditions. Thus countries who have lack of tertiary care facilities should try to provide better quality of health care. The factors found responsible should be confronted so that this malpractice can be reduced significantly.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"172 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Intracranial Tuberculomas In Immunocompetent Patient: An Uncommon Primary Manifestation Of Central Nervous System Tuberculosis (CNS TB)","authors":"None Muhammad Sohail Ajmal Ghoauri, None Fatima Abbas, None Nauman Ismat Butt, None Muhammad Bilal Rasheed, None Abdul Samad, None Farah Naz","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v37i4.439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v37i4.439","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious yet potentially-curable health issue among most developing countries including Pakistan. We report the case of an immunocompetent patient having multiple intracranial tuberculomas without evidence of meningitis which is an uncommon manifestation of CNS tuberculosis. A 50-year old man presented with 5 episodes of tonic-clonic generalized fits for 1 day, right sided body weakness for 2 weeks, generalized headaches and intermittent low-grade fever for 1 month. No contact or past history of tuberculosis was reported. On neurologic examination, there was hypertonia, exaggerated deep tendon reflexes and power of 3/5 in both right upper limb and right lower limb with a right plantar extensor response. CT scan (Brain) showed hyperdense areas in left frontal and temporal lobes with surrounding vasogenic edema. ESR was raised at 86 mm/hour. CSF analysis demonstratedRBC 0 cells/uL, WBC 783 cells/uL with 100% lymphocytes, Glucose 39 mg/dl andProtein 81 mg/dl with negative organism microscopy onAFB and Giemsa staining. However, CSF was positive for GeneXpert-PCR-MTB but drug resistance was not detected to rifampicin. Brain MRI with FLAIR demonstrated multiple disseminated, rim enhancing lesions with perilesional edema in bilateral cerebral hemispheres, thalami, left basal ganglia, medulla oblangata and cerebellum having no meningeal enhancement. Workup for immune-suppression was normal. A diagnosis of multiple intracranial tuberculomas was established and Anti-tubercular therapy was commenced. He was asymptomatic and taking ATT with good compliance having no adverse affects by 6-week follow up.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"61 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development Of Inhibitors In Hemophilia A Patients Receiving Different Treatment Options","authors":"Isma Imitiaz, Aiman Mahmood Minhas, None Ayesha Younus, None Usman Imtiaz, None Hareem Noor, None Ayisha Imran","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v37i4.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v37i4.403","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hemophilia A is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in Pakistan. Apart from frequent bleeds and joint deformities, the formation of inhibitors is the major complication of hemophilia. Inhibitors are antibodies formed against the coagulation factor. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of inhibitor development in hemophilia A patient receiving different treatment modalities namely fresh frozen plasma (FFP)/cryoprecipitate, plasma derived FVIII concentrates and long-acting recombinant FVIII concentrates. Aims &amp; Objectives: To assess the development of inhibitors in hemophilia A patients receiving treatment modalities. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Chughtai Institute of Pathology from November 2021 to November 2023. Material &amp;Methods: A total of 75 registered patients of the Hemophilia Patient Welfare Society, Lahore and Sundas Foundation were initially screened for FVIII inhibitors. Those who were found negative for these inhibitors were included in the study and then divided into three equal groups of 25 patients each. One group received only FFP/cryoprecipitate for treatment, the other group received plasma derived FVIII concentrates and the last group received recombinant factor VIII concentrates. These patients were observed for two years i.e after 15-20 exposures and following this period their inhibitors screening was done again to establish the effect of different treatment modalities on inhibitor development. The data collected was entered and analyzed by SPSS-21, a p-value of ?0.05 was considered significant. Results: Our study showed that only 3 patients out of 25, receiving FFP as treatment modality developed inhibitors. Whereas, none of the patients receiving plasma derived FVIII concentrates and recombinant factor VIII concentrates developed inhibitors. The P value calculated is 0.044 which is significant. Conclusion: Plasma derived FVIII concentrates and recombinant FVIII concentrates are safer as compared to FFP/Cryoprecipitate and have lesser risk for inhibitor development.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"57 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136348161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamifying Assessments in Medical Education: A Novel Approach to Tackling Test Anxiety in Medical Students","authors":"None Madiha Ata, None Shazia Irum, Fahad Azam, Abida Shaheen, Shahzad Riyaz, Hasan Ali, None Muhammad Waqas Rabbani, None Hasan Ali","doi":"10.47489/szmc.v37i4.386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47489/szmc.v37i4.386","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Test anxiety is a specific type of anxiety that typically occurs during assessments and may compromise students’ academic performance. The use of gamification in assessment has the potential to reduce test anxiety. Aims &amp;Objectives: This study aims to provide an understanding of the potential benefits of gamification as an intervention in formative assessments to reduce test anxiety in medical students. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of gamification on the academic performance and test anxiety scores of medical students during formative assessments. Place and Duration of Study:The study was conducted at Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University and Bahria University Medical and Dental College from July to December 2022 Material &amp;Methods: The present mixed-method study used Nist&amp; Diehl Patrick-Henry-Community-College (PHCC) questionnaire to measure test anxiety in 251 medical students of Year 1&amp;2 MBBS after formative MCQ assessments based on the Biochemistry course related to the structure and Metabolism of carbohydrates delivered during their respective modules using gamified and non-gamified online applications in the quantitative phase. Qualitative data was collected through interviews with students based on their test anxiety scores. Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0 was used to analyze the quantitative data, a p-value of ?0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean anxiety scores of male students in all groups were significantly lower than female students. There was no significant difference in the test anxiety score of students taking assessments through gamified and non-gamified assessment tools. Conclusion: Female students reported significantly higher anxiety scores both in gamified and non-gamified formative assessments. There was no significant difference in the test anxiety scores of students taking assessments through gamified and non-gamified assessment tools. Qualitative analysis revealed a positive effect on the motivation of the learners using gamified assessment tools.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"62 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}