Preventive veterinary medicine最新文献

{"title":"Quantifying antimicrobial consumption in the Chilean salmon industry using standardized metrics and indicators: The case of florfenicol and oxytetracycline","authors":"Gabriel Arriagada ,&nbsp;Francisco Vásquez ,&nbsp;Roberto Montt ,&nbsp;Carlos Navarro","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The adoption of standardized metrics and indicators of antimicrobial use (AMU) in the food animal industry is essential for the success of programs aimed at promoting the responsible and judicious use of antimicrobials in this activity. The objective of this study was to introduce the use of standardized AMU metrics and indicators to quantify the use of florfenicol and oxytetracycline in the Chilean salmon industry, and in this way evaluate the feasibility of their use given the type of health and production information currently managed by the National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service (SERNAPESCA), the Chilean agency responsible for regulating aquaculture in Chile. The data available from SERNAPESCA allowed the construction and evaluation of the most data-demanding AMU metrics and indicators. Consequently, the use of florfenicol and oxytetracycline administered by oral and parenteral routes was quantified using the treatment incidence based on both animal defined daily dose (TI_DDDvet) and animal used daily dose (TI_UDDA). To that end, the study included information from 1320 closed production cycles from farms rearing Atlantic salmon, coho salmon and rainbow trout that were active between January 2017 and December 2021. By applying standardized AMU metrics and indicators, we were able to determine that the median of TI_DDDvet for florfenicol was 75.1 (80 % range, 20.0–158.0) DDDvet per ton-year at risk for oral procedures and 0.36 (80 % range, 0.07–1.19) DDDvet per ton-year at risk for parenteral procedures. For oxytetracycline, the median TI_DDDvet was 3.09 (80 % range, 0.74–42.8) and 0.47 (80 % range, 0.09–1.68) DDDvet per ton-year at risk for oral and parenteral procedures, respectively. The median TI_UDDA for treatments with florfenicol was 45.6 (80 % range, 10.9–96.5) UDDA per ton-year at risk for oral treatments and 0.28 (80 % range, 0.05–0.80) UDDA per ton-year at risk for parenteral treatments. For oxytetracycline, the median TI_UDDA was 2.63 (80 % range, 0.61–28.2) UDDA per ton-year at risk for oral treatments and 0.41 (80 % range, 0.08–1.29) UDDA per ton-year at risk for parenteral treatments. This study demonstrates that it is feasible to move from traditional AMU metrics and indicators to standardized ones in the Chilean salmon industry. This is possible because the competent authority requires salmon farms to report detailed health and production information at a high frequency. The use of standardized AMU metrics and indicators can help the authority to have a more comprehensive view of the antimicrobial use in the Chilean salmon industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 106331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of Coxiella burnetii in the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus)","authors":"Marta Sánchez-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Javier Caballero-Gómez ,&nbsp;Clara Muñoz-Hernández ,&nbsp;Alberto Moraga-Fernández ,&nbsp;Isabel Fernández-Verón ,&nbsp;Marinela Contreras ,&nbsp;Sara Baz-Flores ,&nbsp;Teresa del Rey ,&nbsp;Elena Crespo ,&nbsp;Ignacio Montoya-Oliver ,&nbsp;Javier Salcedo ,&nbsp;Ignacio García-Bocanegra ,&nbsp;Isabel G. Fernández de Mera","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Coxiella burnetii</em> is a multi-host bacterium of major public and animal health concern. This pathogen circulates among several wild species in the Iberian Peninsula, however, the role of the Iberian lynx (<em>Lynx pardinus</em>) in the epidemiology of this emerging pathogen is still unknown. The objective of this work was to assess the circulation of <em>C. burnetii</em> in Iberian lynx populations from the Iberian Peninsula and to study the molecular characterisation of this pathogen in lynxes and their feeding ticks. A total of 922 lynxes, including free-ranging and captive individuals, were sampled between 2010 and 2022 for the collection of sera (n = 543), spleen samples (n = 390) and ticks (n = 357 from 61 lynxes). The overall seroprevalence was 7.7 % (42/543; 95 %CI: 5.5–10.0 %), with age being significantly associated with the <em>C. burnetii</em> exposure in free-ranging lynxes. A longitudinal study was also carried out to assess the dynamics of the circulation of <em>C. burnetii</em> in this wild host, revealing that 7 of the 37 longitudinally surveyed individuals seroconverted during the study period. The PCR prevalence was 4.4 % (17/390, 95 %CI: 2.3–6.4 %) for spleen samples and 1.1 % (4/357; 95 % CI: 0.0–2.2) in ticks. This is the first study to evaluate the circulation of <em>C. burnetii</em> in the Iberian lynx and to confirm the infection in this felid. The results obtained show a moderate, wide, homogeneous, and endemic circulation of this bacterium in the Iberian lynx populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724002162/pdfft?md5=992aaa21265c22b5abedf5bae57322f4&pid=1-s2.0-S0167587724002162-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142099720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a pig wean-quality score using machine-learning algorithms to characterize and classify groups with high mortality risk under field conditions","authors":"Edison S. Magalhães ,&nbsp;Danyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Cesar A.A. Moura ,&nbsp;Giovani Trevisan ,&nbsp;Derald J. Holtkamp ,&nbsp;Will A. López ,&nbsp;Chong Wang ,&nbsp;Daniel C.L. Linhares ,&nbsp;Gustavo S. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mortality during the post-weaning phase is a critical indicator of swine production system performance, influenced by a complex interaction of multiple factors of the epidemiological triad. This study leveraged retrospective data from 1723 groups of pigs marketed within a US swine production system to develop a Wean-Quality Score (WQS) using machine learning techniques. The study evaluated three machine learning models, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Gradient Boosting Machine, to classify groups having high or low 60-day mortality, where high mortality groups represented 25 % of the groups among the study population with the highest mortality values (n=431; 60-day mortality=9.98 %), and the remaining 75 % of the groups were of low mortality (n=1292; 60-day mortality=2.75 %). The best-performing model, Random Forest (RF), outperformed the other ML models in terms of accuracy (0.90), sensitivity (0.84), and specificity (0.92) metrics, and was then selected for further analysis, which consisted of creating the WQS and ranking the most important factors for classifying groups as high or low mortality. The most important factors ranked through the RF model to classify groups with high mortality were pre-weaning mortality, weaning age, average parity of litters in sow farms, and PRRS status. Additionally, stocking conditions such as stocking density and time to fill the barn were important predictors of high mortality. The WQS was developed and correlated (r = 0.74) with the actual 60-day mortality of the groups, offering a valuable tool for assessing post-weaning survivability in swine production systems before weaning. This study highlights the potential of machine learning and comprehensive data utilization to improve the assessment and management of weaned pig quality in commercial swine production, which producers can utilize to identify and intervene in groups, according to the WQS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142099722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of wildlife visits to pig farms via camera traps in Japan","authors":"Tomoya Shichijo ,&nbsp;Takashi Ikeda ,&nbsp;Daishi Higashide ,&nbsp;Akitaka Omori ,&nbsp;Takaaki Suzuki ,&nbsp;Masatsugu Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infectious diseases in livestock not only cause significant economic losses but also affect food security. Although wildlife may be involved in these infectious diseases by serving as reservoirs, research has primarily focused on livestock and related species. Moreover, while these species represent a potential threat in wildlife-borne infectious diseases, comprehensive surveys of the presence of various species are limited. In this study, we aimed to quantitatively investigate the occurrence of various mammals and birds at three pig farms in Japan. We conducted camera trap surveys from October 15, 2020, to March 24, 2022, and determined the relative abundance index inside and outside the sanitary control zone. Wild boar (<em>Sus scrofa</em>), sika deer (<em>Cervus nippon</em>), and Japanese serow (<em>Capricornis crispus</em>) were photographed only outside the sanitary control zone. In contrast, small and medium-sized mammals, such as feral cats (<em>Felis catus</em>), raccoons (<em>Procyon lotor</em>), and rodent species (Muridae), and birds, such as the rufous oriental turtle dove (<em>Streptopelia orientalis</em>) and crows of the genus <em>Corvus</em>, were photographed both inside and outside the sanitary control zone. This comprehensive quantitative evidence suggests that various mammals and birds may be in indirect contact with livestock, highlighting the need to improve biosecurity at livestock farms. Moreover, while fences are effective against large mammals, they are inefficient against small to medium-sized mammals and birds. Therefore, the results of this study provide important insights into enhancing biosecurity on livestock farms by strengthening physical fencing, disinfecting clothing and equipment, and complying with standards of hygiene management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724002046/pdfft?md5=e129e7ef8e85b19bb23a01e5e6d8c029&pid=1-s2.0-S0167587724002046-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameterisation of a bluetongue virus mathematical model using a systematic literature review","authors":"Joanna de Klerk ,&nbsp;Michael Tildesley ,&nbsp;Adam Robbins ,&nbsp;Erin Gorsich","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bluetongue virus (BT) is a vector-borne virus that causes a disease, called bluetongue, which results in significant economic loss and morbidity in sheep, cattle, goats and wild ungulates across all continents of the world except Antarctica. Despite the geographical breadth of its impact, most BT epidemiological models are informed by parameters derived from the 2006–2009 BTV-8 European outbreak. The aim of this study was to develop a highly adaptable model for BT which could be used elsewhere in the world, as well as to identify the parameters which most influence outbreak dynamics, so that policy makers can be properly informed with the most current information to aid in disease planning.</p><p>To provide a framework for future outbreak modelling and an updated parameterisation that reflects natural variation in infections, a newly developed and parameterised two-host, two-vector species ordinary differential equation model was formulated and analysed. The model was designed to be adaptable to be implemented in any region of the world and able to model both epidemic and endemic scenarios. It was parameterised using a systematic literature review of host-to-vector and vector-to-host transmission rates, host latent periods, host infectious periods, and vaccine protection factors. The model was demonstrated using the updated parameters, with South Africa as a setting based on the Western Cape’s known cattle and sheep populations, local environmental parameters, and <em>Culicoides spp.</em> presence data.</p><p>The sensitivity analysis identified that the duration of the infectious period for sheep and cows had the greatest impact on the outbreak length and number of animals infected at the peak of the outbreak. Transmission rates from cows and sheep to <em>C. imicola</em> midges greatly influenced the day on which the peak of the outbreak occurred, along with the duration of incubation period, and infectious period for cows. Finally, the protection factor of the vaccine had the greatest influence on the total number of animals infected. This knowledge could aid in the development of control measures.</p><p>Due to gradual climate and anthropological change resulting in alterations in vector habitat suitability, BT outbreaks are likely to continue to increase in range and frequency. Therefore, this research provides an updated BT modelling framework for future outbreaks around the world to explore transmission, outbreak dynamics and control measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724002149/pdfft?md5=e5ef49382154875ab9d00da09adf305e&pid=1-s2.0-S0167587724002149-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142075675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the Johne’s disease situation in GB dairy herds over 10 years, as revealed by regular milk ELISA data","authors":"Emma Nicole Taylor ,&nbsp;Kulwant Channa ,&nbsp;Pete Guy Orpin ,&nbsp;James Hanks ,&nbsp;Nicholas Mark Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effective management of cattle infected with Johne’s Disease (JD) is crucial to minimizing transmission and within-herd prevalence. Within Great Britain (GB), the voluntary National Johne’s Management Plan (NJMP) requires farmers and a certified vet to conduct a risk assessment to determine the herd risk, examine the herd JD status and formulate a management plan. Individual milk ELISA tests for JD antibodies are widely used to monitor infection. The JD Tracker application, available within the dairy data management software InterHerd+ and other web-based environments, is being used by farmers and veterinarians to facilitate the practical use of milk ELISA data to aid JD-related management decisions. The JD Tracker application uses a herd’s milk ELISA data to calculate a collection of ‘JD parameters’ that are indicative of the current JD status of the herd alongside contemporary and retrospective drivers linked to transmission and maintenance of infection. Herein, we use milk ELISA data from 154 regularly testing herds to review the temporal trends in JD parameters from 2013 to 2022. Since 2015, JD Tracker parameters have improved in these herds, most notably average test value (ATV) and within-herd prevalence (%Pos30). Trends in driver parameters suggest that farmers are progressively less likely to serve repeat test-positive (J5) cows and are more readily removing them. The data also reveal that the burden of JD is disproportionately greater in herds with higher ATV. In 2022, the 25 % of herds with the highest ATVs accounted for 42 % of positive tests and 42 % of repeat ELISA positive (J5) cows. Retrospectively, it is not possible to identify with certainty factors that directly contributed to the trends in JD parameters, but it is notable that the introduction of the NJMP was coincided with the improving JD situation. In 2019, participation in the NJMP or an equivalent scheme became mandatory for dairy farms to be compliant with the food and farms standards assurance scheme Red Tractor, with the result that JD management plans are now completed by 95 % of UK dairy farms. As far as we know, the UK is unique in its development of a tool (the JD Tracker) which adds utility to milk ELISA data using specifically designed JD parameters. Anticipated further work includes the development of a national database of JD testing herds and application of the JD Tracker at national scale to enable more comprehensive industry-level monitoring of JD within GB dairy farms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724002034/pdfft?md5=3b33d4ee2c3c4d34d1fd6b84b8c6a958&pid=1-s2.0-S0167587724002034-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors associated with piglet pre-weaning mortality in a Midwestern U.S. swine production system from 2020 to 2022","authors":"Kelly J. Will ,&nbsp;Edison S. Magalhaes ,&nbsp;Cesar A.A. Moura ,&nbsp;Giovani Trevisan ,&nbsp;Gustavo S. Silva ,&nbsp;Ana Paula G. Mellagi ,&nbsp;Rafael R. Ulguim ,&nbsp;Fernando P. Bortolozzo ,&nbsp;Daniel C.L. Linhares","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Piglet pre-weaning mortality (PWM) is a significant issue in the U.S. swine industry, causing economic losses and raising sustainability and animal welfare concerns. This study conducted a multivariable analysis to identify factors associated with PWM in a Midwestern U.S. swine production system. Weekly data from 47 sow farms (7207 weaning weeks) were captured from January 2020 to December 2022. Initially, 29 variables regarding farm infrastructure, productivity parameters, health status, and interventions were selected for univariate analysis to assess their association with PWM. The initial multivariable analysis included the variables with P &lt; 0.20 in the univariate analyses. A backward stepwise model selection was conducted by excluding variables with P &gt; 0.05, and the final multivariable model consisted of 19 significant risk factors and 6 interaction terms. The overall average PWM for the study population was 14.02 %. Yearly variations in PWM were observed, with the highest recorded in 2020 (16.61 %) and the lowest in 2021 (15.78 %). Cohorts with a pond water source, lower farrowing rate (71.9 %), higher farrowing parity (5.1), shorter gestation length (116.2 days), and using oxytocin during farrowing had increased PWM. The higher productivity parameters such as mummies rate, stillborn rate, and average total born, the higher the PWM was. Additionally, health status and intervention-related factors were associated with PWM, where higher PWM rates were observed in herds facing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) outbreaks, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) positive, the weeks before and during feed medication, and weeks without using Rotavirus vaccine or Rotavirus feedback. Altogether, these results corroborate that PWM is a multifactorial problem, and a better understanding of the risk factors is essential in developing strategies to improve survival rates. Therefore, this study identified the major risk factors associated with PWM for groups of pigs raised under field conditions, and the results underscore the significance of data analysis in comprehending the unique challenges and opportunities inherent to each system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dairy farmers and consumers towards bovine tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Abigail Van Der Zwan ,&nbsp;Patricia T. Campbell ,&nbsp;Nancy Shi ,&nbsp;Nikita De Bortoli ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Villanueva-Cabezas","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB), caused by <em>Mycobacterium bovis,</em> is a neglected zoonotic disease primarily associated with cattle. The incidence of bTB is highest in low-income settings with high cattle density and unpasteurised dairy consumption. Smallholder dairy farming has steadily grown in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with limited professional support for adequate bTB surveillance and risk mitigation. Several studies have explored the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of milk value chain stakeholders towards bTB in LMICs, but this evidence has not been collated and synthesised. We conducted a systematic review to determine what is known, believed, and done in relation to bTB among dairy producers and consumers in LMICs. We performed a systematic search of studies in OVID Medline, Scopus and CABI on 11 September 2023. KAP data were summarised using narrative synthesis and forest plots. We retrieved 2763 articles, retaining 51 for the review. Only studies from Africa (n = 38) and Asia (n = 13) met the eligibility criteria. Most populations reported awareness of human tuberculosis and knew it could be treated, but there was limited awareness of bTB and its zoonotic potential. Knowledge of bTB transmission routes and bTB mitigation varied across populations, and risky practices were also variable. Inconsistencies in study design and survey tools suggest some results may have a mid- to high-risk of bias. Awareness of bTB is surprisingly low among African and Asian populations with high bTB exposure risk, possibly due to the long-standing divide between animal and human health messages that has obscured the One Health implications of bTB. Addressing bTB in LMICs requires a structural One Health approach and standard KAP survey tools to adequately explore the socio-cultural, political, and economic processes and drivers favouring bTB spread and persistence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724002009/pdfft?md5=aa87fffdd57bede50e41b54652d09b71&pid=1-s2.0-S0167587724002009-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a data-driven youngstock rearing quality system in Dutch dairy herds (2019–2022)","authors":"Cathérine E. Paarlberg,&nbsp;Anouk Veldhuis,&nbsp;Gustavo E. Monti,&nbsp;Lourens Heres,&nbsp;Thomas Dijkstra,&nbsp;Inge M.G.A. Santman-Berends","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, the Netherlands exhibited an increased focus on improving youngstock rearing. Several data-driven tools were developed to assess and benchmark calf rearing practices based on key indicators, stimulate farmers to improve their youngstock rearing and reduce calf mortality. KalfOK is such a data-driven tool in which a farm-level overview with 15 indicators of youngstock rearing quality is communicated to participating farmers. In this study we assessed which farm characteristics are associated with A) a continuously high or low KalfOK score and B) frequent usage of KalfOK. Data from KalfOK and the identification and registration system were available for all participating herds over a period between 2019 and 2022 (Dataset A). Additionally, a sample of 324 dairy farmers, randomly selected from the entire Dutch dairy population (Dataset B), participated in a voluntary survey. Multivariable (logistic) regression models were used to A) identify differences in characteristics between farms with a continuously high- and farms with a continuously low KalfOK score and B) assess which farm characteristics were associated with frequent use of the KalfOK report. The results of analysis A showed multiple factors associated with having a low or high KalfOK score, including replacement rate, closed farming system, limited growth in herd size and the region where a farm was located. Sociological factors might also partly explain the difference between high and low scoring farms. Analysis B showed that approximately half of the surveyed farmers indicated that they do not frequently use their KalfOK overview in their calf rearing management. The KalfOK score of farmers who regularly use their KalfOK report was higher – and consequently better - compared to the KalfOK score of farmers who sometimes or never use KalfOK. Additionally, farmers using a milk robot and those discussing KalfOK regularly with their veterinarian, used KalfOK more often. Thirty four percent of the surveyed farmers made adjustments to their youngstock rearing management since the start of participation. The study’s insights into patterns in KalfOK utilization and associations with farm characteristics provide valuable information for ongoing efforts to enhance calf rearing practices via the use of KalfOK. It is important to consider what is needed to convince farmers that do not use the KalfOK tool to frequently start using their KalfOK report. Future research incorporating sociological aspects can provide a more comprehensive understanding of other dynamics influencing calf rearing and contribute valuable insights for enhancing the effectiveness of programs like KalfOK in promoting calf health and welfare.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724001983/pdfft?md5=770c0b2cbb5380ff38fbc626305cd3fd&pid=1-s2.0-S0167587724001983-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for the introduction of Salmonella spp. serogroups B and D into Dutch dairy herds","authors":"N.D. Fabri ,&nbsp;I.M.G.A. Santman-Berends ,&nbsp;M.F. Weber ,&nbsp;G. van Schaik","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Salmonella</em> spp. infections in animals are a concern due to their zoonotic nature, welfare effects and economic impact on the livestock industry. To enable targeted surveillance, it is important to identify risk factors for the introduction of <em>Salmonella</em> spp. in a herd. Since 2009, Dutch dairy processors require herds delivering milk to their plants to participate in a Salmonella programme. In this programme, bulk milk is tested three times a year (i.e. test rounds) by ELISA on presence of antibodies against <em>Salmonella</em> spp. serogroups B and D. Based on these bulk milk results we identified newly infected herds, and aimed to identify associated risk factors. Effects of putative risk factors for becoming newly infected were studied using a multivariable population average logistic regression (PA-GEE) model with binomial distribution. Per test round in 2019–2021, 0.85–4.10 % of the Dutch dairy herds at risk became newly infected, with large regional differences. Several risk factors for becoming newly infected in the context of the low herd-level prevalence were identified. The most evident risk factors that were identified were having at least one infected or recently recovered dairy herd within 500 m (OR = 2.67), on-farm presence of pigs (OR = 1.63), introduction of more than 2 cattle from other herds in the previous 12 months (OR = 1.17), being in an area with a relative soil moisture of &gt;0.54 % (OR = 1.31), being located in an area with a high water surface area (&gt;2 %; OR = 1.14) and a larger herd size (OR = 1.65). These results indicate that, in addition to introduction of cattle, local transmission plays an important role in the between-herd transmission of <em>Salmonella</em> spp. Information on risk factors for becoming newly infected based on regularly collected data, can be used to improve surveillance and to implement targeted control measures against salmonellosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724001995/pdfft?md5=7659f8f555e5aaa45c6a1526c671ee4d&pid=1-s2.0-S0167587724001995-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}