Preventive veterinary medicine最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating machine learning classifiers and explainability for monitoring cow behaviour with wearable nose rings","authors":"Daniel Edison Essien ,&nbsp;Saviour Inyang ,&nbsp;Imeh Umoren","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wearable technologies are revolutionizing precision livestock monitoring by allowing continuous real-time monitoring of animal behaviour. This study investigates and evaluates the use of machine learning techniques to classify dairy cow behaviours using tri-axial accelerometer data collected from novel wearable nose ring sensor. The raw dataset initially included five distinct behaviours: Feeding, Ruminating, Standing, Lying and Walking. However due to data imbalance and data limitations we refined the classification to three core categories: Feeding, Rumination and Walking. While previous studies on this dataset focused solely on Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) network, the comparative potential of other models remained unexplored. To address this gap, we performed a comparative study on multiple classifiers, including Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and a hybrid Convolutional Neural Network with LSTM (CNN-LSTM). The obtained results showed that GRU model performed well with an accuracy of 97.78 %, followed by CNN-LSTM, ANN and RF which scored 97.78 %, 68.27 % and 67.6 % respectively. To enhance model transparency, Explainable AI techniques were utilized. SHAP and LIME were utilized to showcase feature importance and interpretability of these models. These findings showcase the effectiveness of deep learning models (GRU, CNN-LSTM) and emphasizes the importance of model explainability in precision livestock management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence, characterization, and risk factors of brucellosis in cattle, sheep, goats, and camels in the Oromia region, Borena Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Abichu Getachew ,&nbsp;Fabrizo De Massis ,&nbsp;Mekonnen B. ,&nbsp;Duba B. ,&nbsp;Teferi. B ,&nbsp;Melaku S. ,&nbsp;Tesfaye Rufael ,&nbsp;Abebe O. ,&nbsp;Massimo Scacchia ,&nbsp;Abede Aliyi ,&nbsp;Giuliano Garofolo ,&nbsp;Henriette van Heerden","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brucellosis is a significant issue in the Borena Zone of Ethiopia, causing economic losses due to decreased milk production, abortions, infertility, and weak offspring. However, it is underreported and adequately addressed in th<del>e</del> region. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gomole and Dhas districts of the Borena Zone in Ethiopia between November 2022 and June 2023 to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in livestock. The study included cattle, camels, sheep, and goats, with random sampling at the individual and herd levels. A total of 490 cattle, 160 camels, and 330 each of sheep and goats were tested for seroprevalence. Random sampling was done on farms within the peasant association to test livestock at the individual and herd levels. Blood samples were collected from 490 cattle, 160 camels, and 330 each from sheep and goats. Samples were screened with the rose Bengal test (RBT) confirmed with the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected <em>Brucella</em> species in blood clot samples collected from seropositive animals. The highest prevalence was observed in goats, with individual and herd-level rates of 10.0 % and 56.7 %, respectively. In contact, cattle had the lowest prevalence, 1.4 % at the individual level and 23.0 % at the herd level. Both <em>B. abortus</em> and <em>B. melitensis</em> were detected in cattle, sheep, and camels, while <em>B. melitensis</em> was the most common species found in goats. Statistically significant differences in brucellosis prevalence were observed among species, with the highest rates in the Gomole district compared to Dhas. Female animals had a higher prevalence than males, especially those with a history of abortion. Logistic regression showed that district and host species were associated with Brucella infection, with Gomole herds at higher risk. <em>Brucella melitensis</em> infections were common in sheep, camels, and goats, while <em>B. abortus</em> infections were mainly in cattle, with mixed infections in all species except sheep. <em>Brucella melitensis</em> infections were common in sheep, camels, and goats in the Oromia pastoral community, while <em>B. abortus</em> infections were mostly seen in cattle, with mixed infections in all species except sheep.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When farmers’ knowledge matters: Improving epidemiological understanding of Peste des petits ruminants in northern Nigeria","authors":"Zenaba MAHAMAT KODO ,&nbsp;Usman Adamu RAYYANU ,&nbsp;Mayowa Peter OLABODE ,&nbsp;Victoria Isioma IFENDE ,&nbsp;Rebecca Paul WEKA ,&nbsp;Matthew Yakop GUKUT ,&nbsp;Alexis DELABOUGLISE ,&nbsp;Ismaila SHITTU ,&nbsp;Yakubu Joel ATUMAN ,&nbsp;Judith Dizot BAKAM ,&nbsp;Falmata Haruna BWALA ,&nbsp;Ladi Amos CHABIRI ,&nbsp;Sandra Ifynneke IJOMA ,&nbsp;Rhoda Ishaku MALGWI ,&nbsp;Aliyu SADA ,&nbsp;Muhammad-Bashir BOLAJOKO ,&nbsp;Maryam MUHAMMAD ,&nbsp;Arnaud BATAILLE ,&nbsp;Mohammed BELLO ,&nbsp;Mohammed Kabir LAWAN ,&nbsp;Marion BORDIER","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an endemic disease of sheep and goats in Nigeria and represents a major threat to the livelihoods of smallholders. Understanding the epidemiology of this disease and its management by livestock farmers is essential for developing appropriate surveillance and control programmes. This study aimed to enhance the knowledge about PPR by conducting a large-scale survey in 52 villages in Plateau, Bauchi and Kano states in the northern part of Nigeria. Our approach involved holding focus group discussions with farmers, both men and women, to collect their knowledge about the disease and to understand their perspectives on its management. The results showed that farmers use several different terms to refer to diseases that are likely to be PPR, and that these same terms might also be used to refer to diseases caused by other infectious agents. Farmers rarely call on veterinary services to prevent the disease and vaccination is seldom practiced. Disease control is attempted using conventional treatments, with or without veterinary supervision, or using traditional therapies. There is limited or poor implementation of good farming practices such as biosecurity measures. This study has increased our understanding of PPR and its management in areas with limited public and private veterinary services. In addition, it has also fostered trust between scientists and communities, paving the way for future participatory action research programmes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144748784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foot pad dermatitis in broiler chickens – effects of hybrid and weather conditions","authors":"Merete Forseth ,&nbsp;Ingrid Toftaker ,&nbsp;Randi Oppermann Moe ,&nbsp;Käthe Kittelsen ,&nbsp;Esben Østergaard Eriksen","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foot pad dermatitis (FPD) is a common animal welfare challenge in indoor broiler production. This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of outdoor weather conditions (temperature and precipitation) and hybrid (fast-growing Ross 308 [Ross] vs. slower-growing Hubbard JA787 [Hubbard]) on the prevalence of FPD at slaughter. The study included 420,300 broilers from 4203 commercial flocks, raised in 139 farms in Central Norway and slaughtered in the period from January 1st, 2015, to June 22nd, 2021. The apparent prevalence of mild/moderate FPD and severe FPD, respectively, was 14.06 % and 5.80 % in Ross broilers and 5.72 % and 1.64 % in Hubbard broilers. The effect of hybrid and weather conditions on the prevalence of FPD was estimated using hierarchical multinomial models. At sample mean weather conditions, the risk of mild/moderate FPD and severe FPD were 2.8 (95 % CI: 2.2;3.7) and 5.8 (95 % CI: 3.1;10.7) times higher for Ross than Hubbard broilers, respectively. Sensitivity analyses indicated that these estimates were relatively robust; yet the protective effect of being Hubbard may be slightly overestimated. For both hybrids, the risk of FPD was affected by the weather, and cold weather combined with a precipitation level at the sample mean yielded the highest risk of severe FPD. Hubbard broilers were less sensitive to weather conditions compared to Ross with respect to FPD occurrence. The results from this study add to the growing evidence that the choice of hybrid impacts the health-related aspects of animal welfare in commercial broiler production systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, risk factor and R0 investigation of an outbreak of lumpy skin disease in cattle in Punjab, India","authors":"Alka ,&nbsp;V. Sharma ,&nbsp;YPS Malik ,&nbsp;V.J. Brookes ,&nbsp;B.B. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging disease in India, causing substantial economic losses to the livestock industry. This study aimed to estimate epidemiologic parameters, including <em>R</em>₀, and risk factors associated with an LSD outbreak in cattle (November 2021—August 2022) in Punjab, India. Animals were unvaccinated, and the village’s animals were isolated due to district animal movement restrictions. Univariable regression analyses investigated the association of farm and animal level explanatory variables with disease outcome. The exponential growth (EG) method using the gamma-distributed serial intervals between cases was used to estimate the basic reproduction number (<em>R</em>_<em>0</em>). Buffalo (N = 603) in the village were not affected. The attack rate in cattle was 5.3 % (95 % CI 3.8–7.5), mortality rate 1.1 % (95 % CI 0.5–2.3), and case fatality rate 20 % (95 % CI 9.5–37.3). The odds of indigenous cattle being a case was higher than crossbred cattle (OR 3.9, 95 % CI 1.1–12.5, P = 0.01). Estimated animal-level <em>R</em>₀ was 1.82 (range 0.55–3.57; 95 % CI 0.01–7.83). Univariable logistic regression analysis identified significant risk factors at the farm-level including the number of cattle (OR 1.19, 95 % CI 1.03–1.43, P = 0.01), presence of blood sucking flies (OR 8.21, 95 % CI 2.11–31.92, P &lt; 0.01) and ticks (OR 3.12, 95 % CI 1.03–9.52, P = 0.038). Therefore, prioritizing vaccination to cattle over buffalo during limited vaccination supplies and control measures for both direct and indirect transmission must be adopted in dairy farms, and monitoring <em>R</em>₀ could be used to determine the effectiveness of control measures either in the field or in LSD simulation models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of Varroa destructor in Apis mellifera colonies from the largest honey producing state in Brazil","authors":"Rita Dulac Domingues ,&nbsp;Gustavo Nogueira Diehl ,&nbsp;André Witt ,&nbsp;Aroni Sattler ,&nbsp;Iuri Vodzik da Silva ,&nbsp;Rafaella Cristina Rocha Morais ,&nbsp;Rogério Oliveira Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Bruno Dall'Agnol","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Varroa destructor</em> is regarded as a major threat to beekeeping worldwide. However, there are no official reports of <em>V. destructor</em> occurrence or related damage in Rio Grande do Sul, the largest honey producing state of Brazil. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of <em>V. destructor</em>, identify its potential risk factors and perform spatial analysis according to the level of infestation of the colonies. A total of 1302 samples of adult honey bees from hives across 375 farms were analyzed. The overall prevalence of <em>Varroa destructor</em> was 95,16 %. The study revealed two risk factors for high infestation rate of <em>V. destructor:</em> scale of beekeeping and biome. Spatial analysis revealed that regions with the highest rates of mite infestation overlap with areas of the greatest apiary concentration. This study emphasizes the need to adopt minimum management practices to maintain strong and healthy colonies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salmonella and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria recovered from livestock feed components include Escherichia coli ST167 expressing NDM-5 carbapenemase","authors":"Dixie F. Mollenkopf ,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Parker ,&nbsp;Cong Li ,&nbsp;Gregory A. Ballash ,&nbsp;Thomas E. Wittum","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, including both pathogens and commensal organisms, can be introduced into livestock populations by a variety of mechanisms including contaminated water, animal and human movement, and animal feed. We hypothesized that animal feed is an important mechanism for introduction of both <em>Salmonella</em> and commensal reservoir bacteria harboring mobile antimicrobial-resistance genes into livestock populations. The identification of high-risk feed components may allow targeted interventions that will reduce carriage of these organisms in food animals and ultimately improve food safety. We collected 666 livestock feed component samples from 16 individual local mills (n = 263) and from 2 corporations with multiple feed mills located across the US (n = 403). <em>Salmonella enterica</em> were recovered from 7.2 % of samples (n = 48) and were more likely to be found (P &lt; 0.02) in blended feeds, animal protein components, and oilseed meals. We also recovered two carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales isolates (0.3 %), both <em>E. coli</em> sequence type 167 O101:H9 carrying an IncF plasmid mediated <em>bla</em>_NDM-5, from two dried distiller’s grain samples sourced from two states in the upper Midwest. Antimicrobial-resistant commensal bacteria were found in all feed component types, although the overall prevalence of each resistance phenotype was below seven percent except for AmpC β-lactamase producing strains (19.5 %). The identification of feed components with higher risk of contamination suggests that targeted interventions could potentially reduce feed contamination. Contamination reduction efforts focusing on feed components with heating and cooling steps may reduce the proliferation of pathogens and resistant bacterial strains in finished feed fed to livestock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic impact of productivity losses attributable to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in United States pork production, 2016–2020","authors":"Onyekachukwu Osemeke ,&nbsp;Gustavo S. Silva ,&nbsp;Cesar A. Corzo ,&nbsp;Mariana Kikuti ,&nbsp;Sarah Vadnais ,&nbsp;Xiaomei Yue ,&nbsp;Daniel Linhares ,&nbsp;Derald Holtkamp","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to pose a major economic burden on the swine industry in the United States (US). This study estimates the annual cost of PRRSV-related productivity losses using US data from 2016 to 2020. Productivity data were collected from commercial swine herds with known PRRSV, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and <em>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</em> statuses. The cost of PRRSV was estimated separately for breeding and growing herds. Data from 12 swine companies were used to estimate the cost of PRRSV in the breeding herds; PRRSV statuses were assigned to the breeding herd weeks based on the American Association of Swine Veterinarians (AASV) herd classification and outbreak history as follows: Breeding Herd (BH)-A if PRRSV-negative or provisionally negative, BH-B if PRRSV-positive stable, BH-C if PRRSV-positive unstable after 16-weeks post-outbreak, BH-D if within 16 weeks post-outbreak in PRRSV-affected herds, and BH-E if within 16 weeks post-outbreak in PRRSV-unaffected herds. Data from nine swine companies were used to estimate the cost of PRRSV in the growing herds, and statuses were assigned to growing groups as follows: Growing Herd (GH)-A if PRRSV-negative from weaning to market, GH-B if they were PRRSV-negative at weaning but became PRRSV-positive by market, and GH-C if they were weaned PRRSV-positive. Data on the distribution of US breeding herds by PRRSV status were sourced from the Morrison Swine Health Monitoring Program (MSHMP) database. Swine production-associated prices and costs were sourced from the USDA and InterPIG. An enterprise budgeting model was used to estimate the economic losses from reduced productivity caused by PRRSV. PRRSV caused annual losses of 380.82 million USD in the breeding phase and 819.41 million USD in the growing phase, 1.2 billion USD in total which is a significant increase from the 663.91 million USD reported in 2013. The updated estimates highlight the continuous and growing burden of PRRSV on US swine production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosecurity investment impacts on highly pathogenic avian influenza control in United States commercial turkey operations","authors":"Jada M. Thompson ,&nbsp;Kelly Patyk ,&nbsp;Victoria Fields ,&nbsp;Matthew Branan ,&nbsp;Amy Delgado ,&nbsp;Kylie Roesler","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is an extremely transmissible virus that poses a significant threat to the U.S. turkey industry through contagion from migratory birds and results in whole-farm depopulation. To combat the disastrous economic impacts of HPAI, this study examined how biosecurity investments may have economic benefits to producers and the industry. Using data collected from a farm-focused survey of commercial turkey producers, the differences in biosecurity practices between farms affected by HPAI and unaffected farms in 2022 were analyzed. This evaluation aims to understand how effective biosecurity investments were towards reducing the susceptibility of a turkey farm to HPAI and what types of farms were more likely to make those types of investments. Factors associated with lower chances of being infected included having any hens, making any temporary biosecurity investments to the farm since 2015 such as temporary wild bird mitigation, and making specific permanent biosecurity investments such as improving feed bins, vehicle wash stations, and barn ventilation systems. Also, those farms that raised any hens, those that participated in the NPIP, and those without livestock access around turkey barns were more likely to make biosecurity investments. These findings aid in informing producers, integrators, and public policy on how to reduce the spread of HPAI to benefit both the economy and longevity of the poultry industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brucellosis in Timor-Leste: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among cattle farmers and animal health workers","authors":"Shawn Ting ,&nbsp;Merlinde Freitas ,&nbsp;Maria Mantilo ,&nbsp;Aurora França ,&nbsp;Cacilda Gomes ,&nbsp;Abrao J. Pereira ,&nbsp;Winnie Chen ,&nbsp;Lucsendar Alves ,&nbsp;Rod Givney ,&nbsp;Joshua R. Francis ,&nbsp;Jennifer Yan ,&nbsp;Jenny-Ann L.M.L Toribio ,&nbsp;Merita Antonia A. Monteiro ,&nbsp;Tamsin S. Barnes ,&nbsp;Joanita Bendita D.C. Jong","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Brucellosis affects both animals and humans. Our study investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among cattle farmers and animal health workers in Timor-Leste regarding brucellosis as a cattle and zoonotic disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In 2023, we conducted a census of cattle-farming households across 5 aldeias (hamlets) in Timor-Leste. Animal health workers were also surveyed. The survey contained questions on demographics and KAP regarding brucellosis. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We surveyed 253 cattle farmers and 22 animal health workers. Animal health workers were more likely to have heard of brucellosis than cattle farmers. Almost all cattle farmers were willing to wear gloves while handling birth material to reduce zoonotic exposure (95.3 %; 241/253) and support brucellosis cattle vaccination (95.7 %; 181/189), but fewer were willing to slaughter infected cattle (53.4 %; 101/189). Practices that could result in zoonotic transmission to farmers included slaughtering cattle (20.2 %, 51/253), handling aborted material (17.4 %; 44/253), consuming aborted material (5.5 %, 14/253), and drinking raw buffalo milk (6.3 %; 16/253). Household cattle management practices that could facilitate cattle-to-cattle transmission included communal grazing (92.6 %; 175/189), leaving cattle placenta in the field (88.0 %; 161/183), and leaving cattle aborted materials in the field (42.2 %; 27/64).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study adds to One Health research in Timor-Leste and improves understanding of community perspectives and practices that may increase the risk of brucellosis transmission. The results are important for informing the co-design of practical and locally adapted strategies with local communities to reduce the transmission of brucellosis in cattle and to humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}