Preventive veterinary medicine最新文献

{"title":"Abattoir monitoring of liver lesions caused by Ascaris suum larvae: A longitudinal study conducted in northern Italy","authors":"Carolina Allievi ,&nbsp;Emilio Lana ,&nbsp;Rita Rizzi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Zanon ,&nbsp;Michele Mortarino ,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Manfredi","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Data supplied by the abattoir monitoring system offer a useful tool both for tracing the prevalence of <em>Ascaris suum</em> milk spot lesions and for conducting large-scale epidemiological studies.</div></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><div>In this study, livers of 754833 slaughtered pigs from 5835 batches and 399 farms located in northern Italy, were evaluated in one of the largest national abattoirs during a year of survey. From each farm data concerning the breeding region and province, the season of post-mortem inspection, the farm size and the type of farm production were collected and the probability of finding a positive animal, i.e. with at least one milk spot lesion, in relation to these factors was estimated by a generalised linear mixed model (GLMM).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>368 out of 399 farms tested positive (92.2 %), out of 5835 batches of animals, 4395 (75.3 %) had at least one positive pig, and out of 754833 carcasses, 198964 showed milk spots, with an overall prevalence of 26.4 %. The breeding province and the season of post-mortem inspection were two significant risk factors: a higher risk of finding animals with milk spots was recorded in some Italian provinces and in spring.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides data on the prevalence of milk spots caused by <em>A. suum</em> migrating larvae in an area characterised by a high density of pig farms. Given the high prevalence recorded, it is necessary to promote effective communication between abattoir, veterinarians and farmers, monitoring the circulation of <em>A. suum</em>, developing specific control plans and enhancing animal health surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 106553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘It’s only a flesh wound’ – Understanding the safety culture in equine, production animal and mixed veterinary practices","authors":"John S.P. Tulloch ,&nbsp;Imogen Schofield ,&nbsp;Rebecca Jackson ,&nbsp;Martin Whiting","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The veterinary industry has some of the highest rates of non-fatal work-related injuries, yet safety culture remains unexplored. Utilising a survey distributed to all UK employees of a consolidated group of veterinary practices, this study aimed to describe the prevalence of work-related injuries in equine, production animal, and mixed veterinary practices, and to understand the behaviours of injured persons. There were 144 respondents. Over 90 % of clinicians experienced injury during their careers, versus a third of non-clinical staff. Injuries to equine veterinarians were predominately kicks to the leg or head, and usually involved the examination of a horse’s distal limb, with most not wearing hard hats. Production animal veterinarians’ injuries included crushed hands and feet, and kicks to legs. Injuries often lead to hospital attendance (&gt;25 % equine, &gt;40 % production animal), yet few took time off work. Veterinarians avoided taking time off work after injuries. Reasons included; minimisation of injury severity, not wanting to ‘let the team down’, and feelings of guilt. Many planned behaviour change post-injury, including using protective headwear, increasing awareness of surroundings, and using better restraint. Most injuries went unreported due to lack of awareness, acceptance of injury risk, time constraints, and believing reporting would have no impact. This study exposes a culture in large animal veterinary workplaces that normalises injuries and undervalues safety. The lack of protective measures and the tendency to continue working despite serious injuries, highlight a need for urgent cultural and systemic change. Improved safety practices, practice leadership commitment, and comprehensive training are essential to address this deep-seated issue and fostering a safer work environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 106541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating a swine biosecurity website as an education and outreach tool and identifying best practices for end-user engagement: A learning analytics approach","authors":"Isha Agrawal ,&nbsp;Corinne Bromfield ,&nbsp;Csaba Varga","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Implementing biosecurity measures on commercial and small-scale swine farms is an ongoing effort to prevent the introduction and spread of infectious diseases. Educating and training swine producers on effective on-farm biosecurity practices is imperative. This study aims to assess a swine biosecurity website as an outreach tool and identify best practices for end-user engagement by tracking and analyzing data on user demographics, engagement, and interaction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>User data for a swine biosecurity website were recorded between 5th July 2022 and 31st December 2023 using Google Analytics. A direct interaction between RStudio software and Google Analytics facilitated data export and analysis on user demographics and website traffic. A multivariable negative binomial regression model assessed associations between website event counts (outcome) and predictors representing the type of devices used to access the website and how the website was found. A multivariable linear regression model evaluated associations between the previously described predictor variables and the duration for which the users engaged with the website (outcome). The number of users and event counts in each state was illustrated in choropleth maps, and the Local Moran's I method was used to identify states with a high number of users and event counts to evaluate the website’s outreach across the United States of America (US) and worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Google Analytics reported 768 users with an aggregated event count of 9643. Users were from 78 countries, of which the most users were from the US (708), the Philippines (202), and Canada (49). The website users were distributed across all age categories. The \"biosecurity checklist\" and \"biosecurity protocol of entering the swine farm\" were the most downloaded infographics. The website engagement (total events and engagement duration) was significantly higher if users accessed the website on desktop computers compared to mobile phones and tablets, and was higher for users accessing the website through direct links, and search engines. In the US, local clusters of high website users were identified in leading swine production states, including Iowa, Minnesota, Illinois, Nebraska, Indiana, and Missouri.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study findings support the utility of a web-based learning environment, which can provide swine biosecurity education and resources to a broad audience. The website traffic data obtained through Google Analytics helped examine the website users’ behavioral patterns, preferences, and engagement tendencies, which can be used to enhance the website in the future. The website tracking and analytical methods presented in this study can be applied to other educational websites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulating antibiotic policy: Analysis of India’s ban on colistin use in food producing animals","authors":"Mathew Hennessey ,&nbsp;Pablo Alarcon ,&nbsp;Indranil Samanta ,&nbsp;Guillaume Fournié ,&nbsp;Haidaruliman Paleja ,&nbsp;Kumaravel Papaiyan ,&nbsp;Meenakshi Gautham","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotics remain key tools for maintaining human health, and in many settings, food production. However, emergence of antibiotic resistance has become a global challenge, one that has resulted in multi-national calls for policy to improve antibiotic use. One such call has been to restrict the use of antibiotics deemed critically important for human health, such as colistin, during the production of food producing animals. Between 2016 and 2019 numerous countries, including India, implemented policies to heavily restricted the use of colistin in livestock. While this represents a key shift in the antibiotic policy landscape, other classes of critically important antibiotics continue to be used during food production. This paper provides a policy analysis of India’s 2019 colistin ban to provide insight into how this came to be and to identify factors which could shape the development of future legislation. The analysis revealed that while antibiotic reform in food production had been in the background of India’s policy agenda for some time, it took key-focusing events to shift the policy climate into a period of action. These focusing events included reporting of mobile colistin resistance genes in bacteria isolated from pigs in China and colistin resistant bacteria isolated from food samples in India. Consistent narratives had been built around colistin’s role as a last resort antibiotic which, together with relatively low proportion of colistin resistance in bacteria isolated from human patients, framed legislation as a worthwhile endeavour for policy makers. In addition, India acted as a global player in antibiotic stewardship and followed the precedent set by several other countries in restricting colistin use during food production. As most colistin for animal use was imported into India from China, and viable alternative animal treatments existed, there was limited industry opposition that could block legislation. We suggest evaluation of these five critical factors (focusing events, consistent narratives, worthwhile endeavour, precedent for change, and industry opposition) should be part of the policy formulation process for legislation regarding the use of other critically important antibiotics in food production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cut-off evaluation of ID Screen Mycoplasma bovis ELISA for use on bulk tank milk in New Zealand","authors":"Ayesha Salgadu ,&nbsp;Amy Burroughs ,&nbsp;Kate Sawford ,&nbsp;Tim Johnstone ,&nbsp;Nadeeka K. Wawegama ,&nbsp;Mark A. Stevenson ,&nbsp;Glenn F. Browning ,&nbsp;Simon M. Firestone","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Repeated testing of bulk tank milk (BTM) samples and testing of serum samples has played a major role in New Zealand’s <em>Mycoplasma bovis</em> (<em>M. bovis)</em> eradication programme. We evaluated the performance of the ID Screen <em>Mycoplasma bovis</em> indirect ELISA on BTM samples and identified the maximal diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and diagnostic specificity (DSp) for testing for antibodies against <em>M. bovis</em> in New Zealand dairy herds. Also, we investigated factors influencing DSe over the milking season and associated with the presence of antibodies against <em>M. bovis</em> in a sample. Data from 63 dairy herds were analysed using Bayesian latent class analysis for two conditionally dependent tests. A BTM ELISA sample-to-positive ratio (SP%) cut-off of 24 was the estimated optimal threshold yielding the optimal combination of DSe and DSp - a DSe of 78.6 % (95 % highest posterior density [HPD] interval, 50.8–93.5) and a DSp of 98.5 % (95 % HPD interval, 97.2–99.4). The presence of antibodies against <em>M. bovis</em> in a BTM sample was associated with herd size and the somatic cell count concentration. DSe varied markedly throughout the milking season, and was dependent on the total BTM sample volume at the time of sampling. The DSe of the ID Screen ELISA was highest for samples tested during the early and mid-stages of the milking season, and when milk vat volumes were low relative to the number of cows in milk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and clinical profiles of young and senior dogs fed a standard diet","authors":"Tiphaine Blanchard ,&nbsp;Amélie Mugnier ,&nbsp;Fleur Boulet ,&nbsp;Annabelle Meynadier ,&nbsp;Nathalie Priymenko","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to explore age-related differences in epidemiological and clinical parameters in dogs consuming a standardized diet, focusing on factors relevant to veterinary practitioners. A total of 106 dogs were included, comprising young (2–5 years) and senior (≥8 years) individuals. Epidemiological data were collected through questionnaires and veterinary consultations, while clinical parameters were assessed via physical examinations and blood analyses. Compared to younger dogs, senior dogs were less active, more likely to live in houses, and more frequently received regular deworming. They were also more likely to consume food purchased from pet stores or supermarkets compared to younger dogs. Clinical evaluations revealed that senior dogs had higher plasma globulin and platelets and lower albumin, consistent with chronic low-grade inflammation associated with aging. Muscle loss, poor coat quality, and reduced lymphocyte counts were also prominent in senior dogs, potentially reflecting sarcopenia, malnutrition, and immunosenescence, respectively. Notably, dogs previously fed diets lacking a source of omega-3 fatty acids exhibited elevated plasma triglycerides even after transitioning for four weeks to a premium diet containing fish oil, underscoring the lasting impact of long-term dietary habits. These findings highlight the importance of regular veterinary follow-ups for senior dogs and the role of high-quality nutrition, including sources of omega-3 fatty acids. By identifying key epidemiological and clinical differences, this study offers valuable insights to help veterinary practitioners distinguish between healthy and pathological aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Truck cleaning and disinfection, and the risk of PRRSV dissemination in multi-site pig production systems in the United States: A network-epidemiological model approach","authors":"Natalia Martinez ,&nbsp;Cesar A. Corzo ,&nbsp;Gustavo Machado ,&nbsp;Abel B. Ekiri ,&nbsp;Inaki Deza-Cruz ,&nbsp;Joaquin M. Prada","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) poses a significant threat to pig health, particularly in multi-site industrial pig farming systems. These systems, which involve raising pigs at different locations based on their age and transporting them via trucks and trailers, may increase the risk of pathogen transmission through contaminated vehicles. Given the importance of preventing PRRSV infection, vehicle cleaning and disinfection (C&amp;D) are crucial for disease control. This study examined data from four PRRSV outbreaks in U.S. sow farms during a regional emergence of a PRRSV2 variant in multi-site swine production systems, focusing on vehicle movements before and after the outbreaks and their C&amp;D frequencies. This research analysed 1190 vehicle movement records between premises and 753 visits to truck wash stations, creating networks encompassing seven vehicles across 45 sites, including breeding, growing, and isolation facilities. Network simulations were used to evaluate the infection sources and virus transmission risks under various vehicle C&amp;D frequencies during outbreaks. Results showed no significant changes in movement frequency before and after the outbreak. The infection risk varied by farm type and specific connections to the outbreak farm, with higher risks observed in growing farms. Scenario comparisons to assess the impact of C&amp;D frequencies on transmission showed that adherence to vehicle C&amp;D protocols resulted in infection risks nearly matching optimal scenarios. The most substantial differences were observed when comparing infection probabilities in the pessimistic scenario to those in the realistic scenario, with probabilities being significantly higher in the pessimistic scenario, particularly for gilt isolation farms (7.6 % higher) and sow farms (6.6 % higher). These findings underscore the critical role of thorough cleaning and disinfection protocols in reducing infection risk.This research assesses the risks of infection introduction and spread during outbreaks, emphasising the critical role of truck washing in controlling PRRSV. The study provides quantitative evidence that consistent vehicle C&amp;D practices significantly reduce transmission risks, offering valuable insights into disease transmission pathways. These findings inform targeted interventions to enhance biosecurity and strengthen disease prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the discontinued use of zinc oxide on antimicrobial usage in Danish pig farms","authors":"Josefine Ostenfeld Nielsen,&nbsp;Frank Møller Aarestrup,&nbsp;Vibe Dalhoff Andersen,&nbsp;Håkan Vigre","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the Danish pig industry, zinc oxide, used for prevention of <em>E. coli</em>-related post-weaning diarrhoea in weaners, was banned in 2022 due to environmental concerns. This epidemiological study aimed to estimate the effect of the discontinued use of zinc oxide on antimicrobial usage (AMU) for weaners and finishers in Danish farms. Using farm and prescription data from 2018 to 2023 from national databases, we fitted a linear mixed-effect model to a three-level nested dataset, consisting of monthly average standardized AMU (Defined Animal Daily Doses per pig-day), on a farm (n = 4020), overseen by a veterinarian (n = 146). The most significant effect of the zinc oxide ban was seen for weaners, where AMU increased by ∼5 % on average in the first 5 months post-discontinuation, followed by a ∼17 % increase after &gt; 5 months. A long-term effect was also seen for weaners on farms that did not use zinc oxide in the year preceding the ban, where AMU increased by ∼19 % on average &gt; 5 months after the ban was enforced, although from a lower pre-ban AMU. The between-farm variation indicated that the effect of the absence of zinc oxide on the prevalence of post-weaning diarrhoea was significantly influenced by individual farm management practices. The random variation in AMU between farms overseen by the same veterinarian was ∼10 times higher than the estimated variation between veterinarians, indicating that antimicrobial prescriptions made by veterinarians are specific to the disease status in each farm. The estimated autocorrelation in AMU between consecutive months indicates that the constant amount of antimicrobials needed to manage the production is linked to non-varying management practices in individual farms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diseases associated with antimicrobial use in pig farms and risk factors thereof: A cross-sectional study in the Netherlands","authors":"Panagiotis Mallioris ,&nbsp;Magdalini Stefanopoulou ,&nbsp;Roosmarijn E.C. Luiken ,&nbsp;Jaap A. Wagenaar ,&nbsp;Arjan Stegeman ,&nbsp;Lapo Mughini-Gras","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current antimicrobial use (AMU) in Dutch pig farms is driven by herd health status, as only therapeutic AMU is permitted. This study focused on weaners and sows with suckling piglets to examine the diseases associated with i) overall AMU (measured in Defined Daily Dosage Animal per year – DDDA/Y), ii) use/not use of specific antimicrobial classes, iii) total consumption of specific antimicrobial classes (in DDDA/Y), and iv) farm characteristics linked to the occurrence of diseases that require AMU.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional data on AMU, disease aetiologies for group treatments, and farm characteristics were collected from 154 Dutch pig farms, representing the situation in 2019. Associations between disease occurrence as a predictor and AMU (overall and by antimicrobial class) as an outcome were analyzed using multivariable generalized linear regression models. Subsequently, mixed-effects conditional Random Forest analysis was used to identify farm characteristics associated with these diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Group treatments for musculoskeletal/neurological diseases (MNDs) in suckling piglets, and individual treatments (of unknown aetiology) in sows and suckling piglets, were significantly associated with total AMU there. AMU in weaners was significantly associated with respiratory diseases, MNDs, and individual treatments. Tetracyclines and penicillins were primarily used for respiratory diseases and MNDs in weaners, respectively, and for MNDs in sows and suckling piglets. Having a clear separation between clean and dirty outdoor areas in the farm and using boars from own production for estrus detection were both protective against occurrence of respiratory conditions in weaners, whereas PRRS vaccination in suckling piglets was a risk factor. <em>Streptococcus suis</em> vaccination in sows and fully slatted floors were both risk factors for MNDs in weaners, whereas being an organic farm was protective. Use of disinfecting powders in sows increased MNDs risk in suckling piglets and sows, and a longer lactation period was protective against respiratory diseases and MNDs in weaners.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Respiratory diseases and MNDs in weaners appeared as the primary aetiologies for antimicrobial group treatments on Dutch pig farms. Prioritizing farm practices that enhance biosecurity and animal welfare is crucial for controlling these diseases and, consequently, reducing AMU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free-roaming dog population and density in Klang Valley, Peninsular Malaysia: A comparative enumeration method for improved management and rabies control","authors":"Yunusa Adamu Wada ,&nbsp;Mazlina Mazlan ,&nbsp;Mustapha M. Noordin ,&nbsp;Mohd Azmi Mohd-Lila ,&nbsp;Lau Seng Fong ,&nbsp;Siti Zubaidah Ramanoon ,&nbsp;Nurul Izzati Uda Zahli","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Managing free-roaming dog populations is a critical global public health issue, particularly in urban settings. Accurate population estimates are essential for designing effective management and rabies control strategies. This study aimed to estimate the free-roaming dog population in Klang Valley, Peninsular Malaysia, using multiple analytical models based on the photographic sight-resight method. Data—including GPS location, ownership status, age, and environmental factors—were collected across five districts and 15 towns between March and October 2022. Secondary data on land area, human population density, and ethnicity were also analysed. Five population models were applied to estimate free-roaming dog populations, assessing density per street length and area. A total of 599 dogs were recorded, comprising 492 sightings and 107 resights. The overall detection probability was 0.38 (95 % CI: 0.35–0.41), with population estimates ranging from 818 (Bailey method) to 1407 (Schnabel method). The Lincoln-Petersen index and Schnabel method yielded population estimates of 937 and 1407, respectively, but with low precision (27.53 % and 41.51 %). In contrast, the Bailey correction, Chapman correction, and Detection Probability models provided more precise estimates, with percentage precision values of 4.89 %, 3.53 %, and 2.39 %, respectively. The Detection Probability model emerged as the most precise, accounting for unseen individuals and detection bias—a crucial factor for accurate population estimation in free-roaming dog studies. Dog density per street length ranged from 3.33 dogs/km (direct count) to 8.34 dogs/km (detection probability). Overall population estimates varied significantly, ranging from 23,120 to 33,340 depending on the estimation method. Heatmaps revealed strong correlations between dog density, ethnicity, and environmental factors. These findings underscore the importance of precise estimation models to inform effective dog population management and rabies control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}