Preventive veterinary medicine最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating sampling strategies for effective detection of African swine fever in growing pig population in the U.S.","authors":"Jason A. Galvis ,&nbsp;Aniruddha Deka ,&nbsp;Gustavo Machado","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV) is critical to preventing widespread epidemics. However, the effectiveness of within-farm sampling remains to be examined, particularly during the early phase of an outbreak when disease prevalence is low, animals may be asymptomatic, or clinical signs are masked by co-circulating diseases. This study assessed four sampling strategies for detecting ASFV-infected animals in suspected growing pig farms within the first 14 days of the introduction of either a high- or moderate-virulence ASFV strain. Pens were selected using three methods: random sampling, targeted sampling of pens with clinical animals, and informative sampling based on estimated pen infection probabilities. The informative sampling method was further divided into sequential method, which ranked pens by descending viral load probability, and cluster &amp; random method, which selected pens at random from high and low viral load clusters. Each pen-selection method was examined with different sample sizes. We calculated the sensitivity of each approach as the probability of detecting at least one ASFV-positive pig per farm. Results showed that sampling 30 pens with one pig per pen using the target &amp; random pen-selection method yielded the highest detection sensitivity, even in the presence of other co-circulating diseases that interfere with the accurate identification of clinical ASFV cases. In contrast, sampling five pens resulted in the lowest sensitivity. These findings provide valuable insights for improving ASFV surveillance strategies in the U.S. and can inform preparedness efforts for other foreign animal diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106740"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prepartum management factors associated with the development of calcium imbalance during the first days postpartum in grazing dairy cows in Uruguay.","authors":"N. Pomiés ,&nbsp;M. Pastorini ,&nbsp;N. Amaro ,&nbsp;J. Barca ,&nbsp;C. Fiol ,&nbsp;G. Ruprechter ,&nbsp;A. Mendoza","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evaluate the association between calcium (Ca) imbalance postpartum, animal-associated data, and prepartum management practices in Holstein dairy cows, we conducted a cross-sectional study based on a convenience sample of 122 dairy farms (204 primiparous and 661 multiparous cows) in Uruguay. Cows were blood sampled once between days 1 and 3 DIM after parturition for metabolite analysis. At the time of sampling, data were collected on management, housing, and feeding. To evaluate the association between Ca imbalance and animal-associated data (parity, body condition, high NEFA (non-esterified fatty acid; &gt; 0.6 mmol/L), subclinical hypomagnesemia (Mg &lt; 0.80 mmol/L), hypophosphatemia (P ≤ 1.4 mmol/L)), and prepartum management practices, we used multivariate logistic regression models using a serum Ca threshold of ≤ 2.00 mmol/L. Overall, 76.8 % of cows had Ca imbalance, 17 % of cows had hypophosphatemia and 31.8 % showed subclinical hypomagnesemia. The BCS (body condition score) was ≤ 2.75 in 34.4 % of cows, with 64.3 % scoring 3–3.5. Overall, 39.8 % of cows had elevated NEFA. Multiparous cows were more likely to develop Ca imbalance than primiparous cows (P &lt; 0.05). Cows with subclinical hypomagnesemia and hypophosphatemia had higher odds for Ca imbalance. The odds were lower in summer than in autumn and winter, and higher in cows from farms without nutritional consulting service for close-up cows and without supplementation with anionic salts. Cows with prepartum access to shade were less likely to develop Ca imbalance. In conclusion, factors associated with Ca imbalance in postpartum dairy cows included other mineral imbalances, parity, inadequate prepartum nutritional management, and lack of comfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145678388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“These measures make no sense for our farming system”: Biosecurity challenges and adaptations in French small-scale poultry farms selling directly to consumers","authors":"Oksana Saccavini ,&nbsp;François Charrier ,&nbsp;Mattias Delpont ,&nbsp;Jean-Pierre Vaillancourt ,&nbsp;Mathilde C. Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) have significantly impacted the global poultry industry, resulting in the implementation of biosecurity regulations. Small-scale poultry farmers selling directly to consumers have faced difficulties in implementing these measures due to the specific features of their farms. We examined the social, technical and regulatory rules which drive the production of small-scale poultry farms selling directly to consumers, and then analyzed the barriers and opportunities for implementing biosecurity measures. This study analyzed qualitative data from 36 semi-structured interviews conducted in two French poultry production areas between January and October 2023. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, then thematically analyzed to identify recurring themes. Our results show that small-scale poultry farmers share strong values rooted in their autonomy over decision-making and traditional farming practices that are based on free-range livestock farming, high-value products, and local know-how. Despite widely diverse settings, farmers in this production sector demonstrate a strong sense of professional identity. Our results also show that recurrent HPAI epidemics and associated regulations have disrupted small-scale farming systems. Verbatims revealed tensions between biosecurity guidelines and several aspects of small-scale production, including farming practices (such as visitors’ access to farms), values (free-range farming), workload, and financial sustainability. To move beyond these biosecurity tensions, some initiatives have been developed, such as personalized training and advice for small-scale farmers. However, these solutions only reach a small proportion of producers. This suggest that biosecurity compliance on small-scale farms cannot be achieved without simultaneously addressing social, technical, and regulatory issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145743992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-based automated weight prediction in cattle for herd health surveillance","authors":"İsmail Kırbaş","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early and accurate monitoring of livestock health is critical for effective disease prevention, welfare assurance, and sustainable farm management. Labor-intensive and stressful livestock weighing methods remain a major bottleneck for effective herd health surveillance in large-scale operations. This study presents a data-driven Walk-Over Weighing System (WoWS) enhanced with Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and machine learning (ML) algorithms to provide a non-invasive, automated solution for real-time weight estimation in cattle. Dynamic weight signals from 86 dairy cows were collected twice daily during routine milking using a walk-over-weighing (WoWS) platform at the Burdur MAKU farm. Raw force-time signals were pre-processed and transformed using FFT to reduce noise and extract spectral-domain features relevant for weight estimation. Six ML models, including Support Vector Regression (SVR), were evaluated for prediction performance. The SVR model yielded the highest accuracy (MAE: 2.3 kg, R²: 0.999). The system's functionality was further extended through integration with Internet of Things (IoT) frameworks for real-time data collection and anomaly detection. Heatmaps and time-aligned weight distributions validated the system’s robustness under dynamic field conditions. This FFT- and AI-enhanced WoWS offers a scalable and effective tool for herd-level health surveillance by enabling continuous monitoring, early detection of abnormal weight trends (e.g., weight loss due to disease onset or inadequate feeding), and remote decision-making. The proposed system supports One Health principles by reducing manual handling, minimizing animal stress, improving welfare, and lowering labor demands, thereby contributing to more sustainable and efficient livestock-farming practices. Future directions include expanding multi-sensor integration and epidemiological modeling for more comprehensive livestock health management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combating Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in South Korea: A 15-year retrospective and forward-looking study","authors":"Sung Dae Park ,&nbsp;Yeonsu Oh ,&nbsp;Dae Sung Yoo","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), caused by the Orthomyxoviridae family of RNA viruses, poses a serious threat to the global poultry industry, resulting in severe economic losses and raising public health concerns. In South Korea, HPAI outbreaks have recurred since the first case was confirmed in December 2003, with multiple virus subtypes (H5N1, H5N8, and H5N6) affecting domestic poultry farms. Among poultry species, domestic ducks play a crucial role in viral transmission due to their heightened susceptibility and asymptomatic shedding, increasing the risk of unnoticed outbreaks and environmental contamination. To mitigate the impact of HPAI, South Korea implemented the Duck Farming Restriction Policy, limiting duck farming activities during high-risk winter months (November to March). This study evaluates the preventive effectiveness of this policy using a Bayesian time-series modeling approach based on longitudinal outbreak data from 2003 to 2024. The analysis includes key epidemiological variables such as number of confirmed cases and outbreak durations. Our findings provide the first scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of seasonal duck farming restrictions in reducing HPAI incidence. While global HPAI prevalence has increased significantly since 2020, South Korea has maintained stable or declining outbreak trends, suggesting that proactive control strategies play a crucial role in disease mitigation. These results emphasize the importance of adaptive biosecurity policies in controlling HPAI and offer valuable insights for future pandemic preparedness in the poultry sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Price transmission and long-term effects of avian influenza on Taiwan’s egg market","authors":"Ning Chen ,&nbsp;Dustin L. Pendell ,&nbsp;Chia-Lin Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the multifaceted impacts of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks on Taiwan’s shell egg market, with particular focus on price dynamics across the farm, wholesale, and retail levels. Taiwan’s location along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway, combined with high-density poultry farming and limited on-farm biosecurity, heightens its vulnerability to avian influenza (AI) transmission mediated by migratory waterfowl. Using a multi-threshold nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (MTNARDL) model and weekly data from 2015 to 2024, we analyze the effects of key factors, including feed costs, egg production rates, and HPAI outbreak scale, on egg prices. Our findings reveal long-run cointegration among these variables, with egg production rates emerging as the most significant determinant of farm-level prices. Even small reductions in production lead to substantial price increases, reflecting the inelastic nature of egg demand. We also identify threshold effects associated with HPAI outbreak severity: minor outbreaks slightly suppress farm prices, whereas large-scale outbreaks significantly raise retail prices, suggesting uneven price transmission across market tiers. Variance decomposition and impulse response function analyses further illustrate the persistent influence of severe outbreaks on retail prices, lasting up to eight weeks. These findings underscore the importance of early detection systems, enhanced biosecurity, and improved supply chain coordination to strengthen market resilience. Nonetheless, underreporting of outbreaks and limited data on low pathogenic AI cases pose ongoing challenges for effective surveillance and response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145678456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When beef cattle drink less: Automated water intake monitoring as an early warning for respiratory disease during the adaptation period at the fattening unit","authors":"Luisa Magrin,&nbsp;Simone Dante,&nbsp;Barbara Contiero,&nbsp;Lorenzo Serva,&nbsp;Flaviana Gottardo,&nbsp;Giulio Cozzi","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains the leading health and welfare challenge in intensively finished beef cattle. It is the primary cause of antimicrobial treatments and a major source of economic losses due to reduced performance, increased mortality, and high therapeutic costs. Early, non-invasive indicators of BRD are urgently needed to improve its timely detection and mitigate the negative impact on cattle health and farm economics. With a view to precision livestock farming, this study investigated whether the automatic recording of individual drinking behavior and water consumption could provide some useful indicators of early BRD detection during the critical adaptation period of beef cattle at the fattening unit. The study involved 92 Limousine cattle (64 bulls, 28 heifers) from six different batches imported from France between May 2021 and December 2022. An innovative electronic drinking station equipped with radio-frequency identification and flow sensors automatically recorded individual drinking events, water intake, and time spent drinking during the 4 weeks of adaptation at the fattening farm. During the same time period, individual cattle daily health checks were performed by the farm veterinarian, recording all therapeutic treatments for BRD. Forty-five of the 92 animals (49 %) received at least one treatment for BRD during the 4-week adaptation period. In most cases, the first treatment was administered within the first two weeks of arrival (11.2 ± 6.9 days). Animals treated two or more times for BRD exhibited persistently lower daily water intake compared with untreated animals (20.9 vs. 27.3 L/day, respectively), particularly during the first two weeks after arrival. Two days before treatment, affected animals showed a significant reduction in daily water intake compared with healthy ones, whereas daily drinking time and number of visits to the drinker remained unchanged. Risk analysis revealed that cattle with individual water intake below 20.8 L/day increased by over fourfold the odds ratio of developing BRD. Additionally, groups of beef cattle arriving during autumn–winter exhibited a higher BRD occurrence than those arriving in late spring or early summer. These outcomes encourage the use of automatic devices to monitor the individual drinking behaviour during the adaptation period, as they could help identify conditions in which animals may be at higher risk of developing respiratory diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106772"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145804784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building an institutionalised in-service field epidemiology capacity-building program: Experiences and lessons learned from the China Field Epidemiology Training Program for Veterinarians (CFETPV)","authors":"Honglin Yang ,&nbsp;Quangang Xu ,&nbsp;Chaojian Shen ,&nbsp;Xinjie Wei ,&nbsp;Fusheng Guo ,&nbsp;Julian A. Drewe ,&nbsp;Javier Guitian ,&nbsp;Kachen Wongsathapornchai ,&nbsp;John Edwards ,&nbsp;Dirk Pfeiffer ,&nbsp;Youming Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing threats of zoonotic and transboundary animal diseases highlight the urgent need for a skilled veterinary epidemiology workforce. Before 2010, China had limited capacity in this field. To address this gap, the China Field Epidemiology Training Program for Veterinarians (CFETPV) was established as a competency-based, in-service training program. This study assesses the contributions of CFETPV in enhancing epidemiology practice within animal health services, supporting alumni professional development, and enabling institutional integration in the government system.</div><div>A quantitative study design was employed, drawing on two alumni surveys conducted in 2019 and 2024, alongside routine program monitoring, administrative data and program progress briefs. Surveys assessed alumni’s application of epidemiological competencies in field study, teaching and policy engagement. Descriptive analyses summarised alumni profiles and contributions.</div><div>Since 2010, CFETPV has trained 265 professionals through its introductory course and graduated 153 from the two-year program across 31 provinces. Trainees completed 305 field practices during the training. After graduation, alumni conducted 730 epidemiological investigations and studies, contributed to 297 risk assessments, supported major disease control efforts and informed 98 national and provincial guidelines. In 2019, CFETPV became fully funded by the Chinese government, achieving full integration into the national veterinary service.</div><div>The successful integration was supported by an adaptive competency framework aligned with national priorities, strong alumni support, robust local trainer and mentor networks and consistent stakeholder engagement. These experiences offer insights for countries developing competency-based, in-service veterinary epidemiology training embedded within public veterinary services to strengthen animal health systems and One Health capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145768797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Egocentric characterisation of the swine trade network in Cambodia and implications for disease surveillance and control","authors":"William T.M. Leung ,&nbsp;Guillaume Fournié ,&nbsp;Phalla Miech ,&nbsp;Ty Chhay ,&nbsp;Arata Hidano ,&nbsp;Hannah Holt ,&nbsp;Sina Vor ,&nbsp;Sokchea Huy ,&nbsp;Son Pov ,&nbsp;Sothyra Tum ,&nbsp;Monidarin Chou ,&nbsp;Yvonne C.F. Su ,&nbsp;Gavin J.D. Smith ,&nbsp;James W. Rudge","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Across Southeast Asia, enhanced characterisation of pig value chains is needed to understand disease risk pathways and inform control and surveillance strategies. This study defined a typology of value chain actors in Cambodia and characterised their individual, ‘egocentric’, swine trade networks. Questionnaire-based cross-sectional surveys were conducted between May 2020 and April 2022 in four south-central provinces, sampling ‘egos’ via a multi-stage cluster design. We describe networks of 376 egos involving 4705 trade partners (‘alters’) and 669,363 pigs over six months.</div><div>Five producer types were identified: company-affiliated large breeding (n = 21) and growing farms (n = 68), independent breeding- (n = 104) and growing-oriented smallholders (n = 77), and boar service providers (BSP; n = 19). Three pig-exchanger types were also identified: ‘traders’ (n = 11), ‘middlemen’ (n = 12), and ‘butchers’ (n = 51).</div><div>Network analysis revealed BSP, middlemen, and large breeding farms as ‘brokers’ with many in- and outgoing trade links with producers, increasing their potential for pathogen introduction and onward transmission. Logistic regression supported this risk-profiling: compared to breeding-oriented smallholders, BSP had 8.1 times greater odds (95 % CI: 2.4–27.8) of high pig mortality risk (≥5 % of herd size), while large breeding farms had 6.0 times greater odds (95 % CI: 2.0–18.6) than large growing farms. Large breeding farms supplied pigs to all producer types including smallholders and BSPs (1 % of their aggregate supply), underscoring their dissemination potential. Middlemen and BSP connected otherwise weakly connected smallholders, highlighting opportunities for targeted disease-control. Slaughterhouses acted as network ‘sinks’, receiving pigs from smallholders and farms associated with different companies, making them key targets for disease surveillance. Large farms transported pigs the furthest distances (median &gt;40 km; max &gt;120 km) while smallholders mostly traded pigs locally (median &lt;5 km; max 114 km).</div><div>This study demonstrates the value of egocentric sampling for livestock network characterisation and contributes to the limited knowledgebase on swine trade networks in Southeast Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145782531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of SR-DISVAXFIC: A mobile phone application for estimating the herd-level financial impact of small ruminant diseases and the potential benefits of vaccination in the field","authors":"Megan E. Rawlins ,&nbsp;Adeyinka J. Adedeji ,&nbsp;Victoria I. Ifende ,&nbsp;Sandra I. Ijoma ,&nbsp;Rebecca B. Atai ,&nbsp;Joel Y. Atuman ,&nbsp;Gambo Panzam ,&nbsp;Haruna W. Gotom ,&nbsp;Idris H. Adamu ,&nbsp;Anas U. Musa ,&nbsp;Isa M. Sani ,&nbsp;Paul Adamu ,&nbsp;Mauzu Rani ,&nbsp;Ijeoma O. Nwagbo ,&nbsp;Jakawa B. Gyes ,&nbsp;Jamo Aliyu ,&nbsp;Jolly A. Adole ,&nbsp;Banenat B. Dogonyaro ,&nbsp;Maryam Muhammad ,&nbsp;Georgina Limon","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small ruminants are important to livelihoods in rural Nigeria and kept under sedentary and nomadic (transhumance) husbandry systems. Diseases such as sheep pox (SPP) and goat pox (GTP) result in significant financial losses and control is by vaccination. We developed and validated a mobile phone application (small ruminant’s disease vaccination and financial impact calculator: SR-DISVAXFIC) to estimate herd-level costs and vaccination benefits for small ruminant diseases in the field with real-time estimations. Previously developed production and economic models were adapted for application development and two validation stages undertaken: (i) SR-DISVAXFIC was presented and tested at a stakeholder meeting and (ii) veterinarians used SR-DISVAXFIC to collect data from sedentary and nomadic farmers who had experienced SPP and GTP outbreaks across five Northern Nigerian states (n = 291).</div><div>Median disease costs estimated were £ 301 (IQR: £163–516) for sedentary and £ 393 (IQR: £269–1029) for nomadic herds. Vaccination was financially beneficial, regardless of the percentage of government subsidisation; with a median herd-level benefit and median benefit-cost ratio of £ 272 (IQR: 149–475) and 7.00 (IQR: 5.04–16.74) for sedentary and £ 345 (IQR: £238–831) and 4.28 (IQR: 3.55–8.87) for nomadic herds. Differences between values estimated by SR-DISVAXFIC and previous stochastic modelling demonstrate the importance of gathering input parameters in the field to provide estimates. Majority (91.7 %) of participating farmers said SR-DISVAXFIC was useful to understand the financial impact of disease, and veterinarians found the application beneficial in explaining abstract concepts. SR-DISVAXFIC can be used to monitor trends in epidemiological parameters, costs, and financial impact of any small ruminant diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 106733"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145459584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}