Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Green production of zinc oxide nanorods for efficient removal of textile dyes.","authors":"Joshua Toyin Adeleke, Thirugnanasambandan Theivasanthi, Kalaivanan Poomari, Yetunde A Ajayeoba, Ayomide Lois Adeleke, Ayoola Yemisi, Ephriam Akor, Subash C B Gopinath, Moses O Alfred","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2696343","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2696343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study shows the effect of Zinc oxide nanorods, synthesized using <i>Moringa oleifera</i> phytochemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents were synthesized via a green method and systematically characterized to establish a consistent dataset linking structure, properties, and photocatalytic activity. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the presence of only Zn and O elements, while scanning electron microscopy showed uniformly dispersed rod-like morphologies with particle sizes in the range of 10-25 nm. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed a crystalline hexagonal wurtzite phase with an average crystallite size of 7.56 nm. The photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO nanorods was estimated using methylene blue, Congo red, and rhodamine B dyes as model pollutants, in addition to real textile wastewater samples. The treated wastes showed improved dissolved oxygen from 0.4 to 2.13 mg/L and lowered BOD from 930 to 30 mg/L. These data show the reproducibility and efficiency of green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using <i>M. oleifera</i> for wastewater purification.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mannich-modified benzaldehyde chitosan as a capping agent for silver nanocomposites: enhanced antibacterial performance for food preservation.","authors":"Ismiyarto Ismiyarto, Nurul Alya Husin, Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana, Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono, Hasan Muhtar","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2673209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2673209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chitosan, a biocompatible and biodegradable biopolymer, was chemically modified via a one-pot Mannich reaction under reflux to synthesize benzaldehyde-based β-aminocarbonyl chitosan (BACC-B). The obtained BACC-B was a brown solid with a yield of 75.5% (w/w) and a degree of substitution (DS) of 23%. To enhance antibacterial performance, BACC-B was incorporated with silver (Ag) to form BACC-B/Ag composites, where BACC-B acted as a capping agent to inhibit Ag agglomeration. Composites were synthesized using 0, 1, 3, 6, 10, and 15 mol equivalents of ascorbic acid relative to 1 mol equivalent of AgNO₃ precursor, while chitosan/Ag (6 equivalents) was prepared as a comparison. Characterization was conducted using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, and AAS for Ag quantification. The 6-equivalent BACC-B/Ag composite exhibited the most balanced performance, with a yield of 45.80% and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 433 nm, indicating nanoparticle formation. Chitosan/Ag showed an SPR peak at 424 nm with a higher Ag content (0.73%) compared to BACC-B/Ag (0.57%). All composites formed greenish-brown solids. Antibacterial activity evaluated by the total plate count (TPC) method on chicken meat during 0, 3, and 7 days of storage demonstrated significant bacterial reduction. The BACC-B (2500 ppm) and BACC-B/Ag (2500 ppm) samples showed reductions of 92.30% and 96.33%, respectively, on day 3, indicating strong short-term antibacterial potential for food preservation applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel cold-active alkaline protease from <i>Bacillus mobilis</i> TK31: random mutagenesis, characterization, and its potential for industrial applications.","authors":"Tuna Karaytuğ, Burhan Arıkan","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2682261","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2682261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study introduces a novel cold-active alkaline protease-producing <i>Bacillus mobilis</i> TK31 strain, first isolated from Türkiye and identified through biochemical and molecular analyses. Combined mutagenesis using UV irradiation and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) enhanced protease production of the strain under optimized conditions. Proteases from wild-type and mutant strains were partially purified by acetone precipitation and subjected to preliminary comparative characterization. Both enzymes exhibited optimal activity at a pH of 9.0 and a temperature of 15 °C. The mutant 18C-179 enzyme showed a 3.75-fold activity increase over the wild-type post-optimization. The enzymes' pH and temperature stability, chemical resistance, and substrate specificity were evaluated, with the mutant displaying superior stability at extreme pH values, higher temperatures, and enhanced resistance to specific chemicals. Casein hydrolysis products were identified chromatographically. The wild-type and mutant enzymes demonstrated promising potential in detergent, photography, and pharmaceutical applications. This work presents a cold-active alkaline protease and highlights its potential for further industrial biotechnology studies through strain improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural deep eutectic solvent for efficient extraction of polyphenols from <i>dendrobium</i> residue: optimization, characterization, and enhanced antioxidant activity.","authors":"Xian Hu, Minghui Fang, HePing Huang, Naidong Chen, Jingwen Hao","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2673208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2673208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study optimized the extraction of polyphenols from Dendrobium residue using a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES). A Box-Behnken design determined the optimal conditions: a choline chloride to glucose molar ratio of 2.4:1, solid-to-solvent ratio of 1:61 g/mL, water content of 35.7%, temperature of 80 °C, and duration of 120 minutes. This yielded a polyphenol content of 1.381 ± 0.071%, which was 2.93 to 38.36 times higher than conventional organic solvent methods. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the hydrogen bonding changes in the NADES system, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the morphological differences of <i>Dendrobium</i> residues before and after extraction treatment. Ten compounds were identified from the NADES extract, namely Prunin, Schaftoside, Apigenin-6,8-di-C-α-l-arabinopyranoside, Batatasin III, Moscatilin, Dihydroresveratrol, Hesperetin, Naringenin, Dendrophenol, and Erianin, which exhibited important pharmacological activities. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC) analysis revealed a great variety and quantity of polyphenols in the NADES extract. Furthermore, the extract exhibited superior antioxidant activity: at 1.00 mg/mL, DPPH scavenging was 90.615 ± 0.92%, ABTS scavenging was 96.095 ± 0.44%, and FRAP value was 1.048 ± 0.03 mmol/L. These results highlight the green and efficient nature of this NADES-based protocol for industrial applications in food and herb residue processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microalgae cultivation in treated landfill leachate: biomass productivity and lipid characterization aiming biodiesel production.","authors":"Patrícia Caroline Molgero Da Rós, Phydias Bianchi Pereira, Isabella Canela Ceu, Vitor Bertolassi Hidalgo, Adriano Francisco Siqueira, Leandro Gonçalves de Aguiar, Marco Aurélio Kondracki de Alcântara","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2682265","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2682265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Producing biodiesel from alternative biomass sources is a promising strategy for sustainable energy systems. This study evaluated urban landfill leachate treated by an advanced oxidative process (AOP) as an alternative to synthetic media for microalgae cultivation aimed at biodiesel production. The leachate was treated under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation with hydrogen peroxide in a photochemical system. A 2² factorial design assessed the effects of UV lamp power (0, 15, and 28 W) and hydrogen peroxide feeding time (90, 120, and 150 min). UV power significantly affected leachate degradation, reaching 57.3% reduction in total organic carbon. Treated leachate was then used as a culture medium for <i>Nannochloropsis gaditana</i> at concentrations of 50%, 80%, and 100% (v/v). The highest biomass productivity (381.62 mg L^-1day^-1) and lipid productivity (115.87 mg L^-1day^-1) were obtained with 50% treated leachate combined with conventional medium. Fatty acid analysis showed predominance of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, indicating favorable cetane number and oxidative stability, despite possible cold-flow limitations. The results demonstrate the potential of treated landfill leachate for microalgal cultivation and biodiesel production within a circular bioeconomy approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-inspired rapid green chemical pretreatment for astaxanthin extraction utilizing shrimp waste: a Taguchi optimized scalable approach.","authors":"Somashree Bandyopadhaya, Debabrata Bera","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2693873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2693873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactic acid fermentation is a widely used, eco-friendly approach for the pretreatment of shrimp waste to extract astaxanthin, owing to its ability to disrupt the native chitin-calcium-carotenoprotein complex without harsh chemicals. However, its time-intensive nature limits its scalability for industrial applications. To overcome this challenge, the present study explores organic acid ensilation as a green, rapid, and industrially viable alternative pretreatment method. Process parameters were optimized using the Taguchi design of experiments applying 'larger the better' signal-to-noise ratio criteria. Five independent variables such as acid strength, acid treatment time, acid treatment temperature, buffer treatment time, and buffer treatment temperature were studied at three levels using L27 orthogonal array. The model successfully identified significant main and interaction effects influencing astaxanthin yield. Under optimized conditions, a maximum yield of 53.61 ± 2.10 µg/g was achieved. The predicted yield demonstrated 88.33% resemblance to the best experimental result, validating the robustness of the model, and representing an 11.83% improvement over the overall average yield. The extracted pigment was identified via HPTLC, HPLC and quantified using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. This study highlights organic acid ensilation as a promising scalable alternative to lactic fermentation for industrial astaxanthin recovery, with significant improvements in time efficiency and extraction performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148376723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by endophytic <i>Aspergillus terreus</i>: Biomolecular capping in antioxidant, metal-chelating and genoprotective activities.","authors":"Taralabalu Matt Kaveri, Kyadagi Ravikumara, Sharan Umesha","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2690416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2690416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing eco-friendly nanomaterials with tailored surface functionality is crucial for biomedical and antioxidant applications. Herein, we report the first biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using an endophytic <i>Aspergillus terreus</i> isolated from <i>Canthium coromandelicum</i>, demonstrating its potential as a host-specific fungal nanofactory. AgNPs were synthesized via an extracellular green route, with nanoparticle formation confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy through a characteristic surface plasmon resonance at ∼480 nm. Structural and surface characterization using FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM, DLS, and zeta potential analyses revealed predominantly spherical, crystalline nanoparticles with sizes of 5-26 nm (average ∼8.6 nm) and moderate colloidal stability (-19.5 mV). FTIR analysis indicated that fungal-derived proteins, phenolics, and amide groups acted as reducing and stabilizing agents, governing nanoparticle surface chemistry. The AgNPs exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activity, including strong ABTS radical inhibition, moderate DPPH scavenging, and Fe²⁺ chelation, along with protection against hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage. Antibacterial activity was negligible, while hemocompatibility assays demonstrated low hemolytic activity, confirming a biocompatible surface profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using <i>Centroceras clavulatum</i> and evaluation of their multifunctional biological activities and cytotoxicity.","authors":"Ajitha N, Renganathan Sahadevan, Adam S, Shanthi V","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2693877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2693877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study highlights the eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles utilizing an aqueous extract of the marine red alga <i>Centroceras clavulatum</i> and evaluation of their biofunctional properties. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids, with notable Total Phenolic Content (13.45 ± 0.57 mg GAE/g) and Total Flavonoid Content (64.95 ± 10.38 mg QE/g), supporting their role in nanoparticle formation. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy (λmax = 373 nm and Eg = 3.06 eV), FTIR, DLS, XRD and FESEM-EDX, revealing crystalline, quasi-spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 64.9 nm and high purity. The biofunctional properties of the extract and ZnO nanoparticles were evaluated through in vitro assays. Antioxidant activity assessed by DPPH and phosphomolybdate assays demonstrating a significant free-radical scavenging capacity. Bovine serum albumin and egg albumin assays demonstrated considerable inhibition of anti-inflammatory action, whereas α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition studies demonstrated effective enzyme inhibition of antidiabetic activity. Antibacterial activity tested against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> showed concentration-dependent inhibitory effects. Cytotoxicity studies on NIH3T3 fibroblast cells indicated concentration-dependent moderate cytotoxicity. Overall, the results indicate that ZnO nanoparticles mediated by <i>Centroceras clavulatum</i> possess significant activities with potential biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic multistage optimization enhances bile salt hydrolase production in <i>Heyndrickxia coagulans</i> ATCC 7050 and <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> ATCC 10012.","authors":"Pratisha P Nair, Uday S Annapure","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2689405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2689405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bile salt hydrolase (BSH), a key probiotic enzyme with antimicrobial activity, has gained considerable attention for its cholesterol-lowering potential. To enhance its commercial applicability, this study optimized media composition and fermentation conditions to maximize BSH production from <i>Heyndrickxia coagulans</i> ATCC 7050 and <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> ATCC 10012. Initial screening of carbon sources using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach identified dextrose as the most suitable substrate for both organisms. Subsequently, Plackett-Burman design revealed beef extract, polysorbate 80, and K₂HPO₄ as key factors for <i>H. coagulans</i> ATCC 7050, while peptone, beef extract, and K₂HPO₄ influenced BSH production in <i>L. plantarum</i> ATCC 10012. These variables were optimized using response surface methodology and numerical optimization, followed by OFAT-based refinement of physical fermentation parameters. Under optimized conditions, maximum BSH yields of 190.66 ± 9.35 U/mL and 253.61 ± 12.47 U/mL were obtained at 16 hours using a 3% inoculum for <i>H. coagulans</i> ATCC 7050 (pH 6.5, 40 °C) and <i>L. plantarum</i> ATCC 10012 (pH 6.0, 37 °C), respectively. Growth curve analysis indicated a reduced lag phase and earlier onset of exponential and stationary phases, with peak BSH production in the stationary phase. Overall, optimization resulted in 3.54-fold and 6.12-fold increases in BSH production, demonstrating an effective strategy for enhancing BSH yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148318789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black soybean waste as a sustainable substrate for γ-PGA production: comparative fermentation strategy and statistical process optimization.","authors":"Rakhi Rajput, Soumyajit Chandra, Subhasree Ray, Soumya Pandit","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2689404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2689404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gamma-Poly Glutamic Acid (γ-PGA) is an eco-friendly biopolymer that is biodegradable and water soluble and has been used in different industries such as foods, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and environment. Unlike other artificial polymers, γ-PGA is a natural polymer that can be obtained through microbial fermentation. Various strains have been employed to obtain the desired polymer but Bacillus subtilis has been the most common one studied so far. In the current study, the possibility of using soybean extracts to produce γ-PGA in both solid state fermentation and submerged state fermentation was examined. Of all the strains, white and black soybeans yielded the highest amount in SSF and SBF respectively at 347.67 mg (1.390%) and 935 mg (3.116%). To eliminate concerns regarding external glutamate addition, only a trace amount of monosodium glutamate (MSG) was used in the seed culture, and no glutamate was added during fermentation, indicating that γ-PGA was produced predominantly through production without external glutamate supplementation during fermentation. The initial screening showed that black soybean waste could be used as an inexpensive substrate for optimization via SBF. A Central Composite Design (CCD) design with four factors and five levels, with response surface methodology consisting of 30 different experiments, was conducted to determine the influence of the substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and inoculum amount. The optimized parameters for the maximum γ-PGA production, namely 6% substrate, pH of 6.0, 35 °C temperature, and 3% inoculum, resulted in γ-PGA production equaling 7.5 g/L, which is close to the predicted value of 7.48 g/L. The study highlights that substrate selection and statistical optimization are equally critical for enhancing γ-PGA production, positioning black soybean waste as a promising low-cost substrate with potential for future scale-up and sustainable γ-PGA bioprocess development following further pilot-scale and techno-economic validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148309116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}