Thi Kim Ngan Tran, Thi Thu Ha Nguyen, Thien Loc Huynh, Thien Hien Tran, Nu Thuy An Ton, Long Giang Bach
{"title":"Enhancing the stability of <i>Centella asiatica</i> bioactive compounds via ultrasound-assisted extraction and microencapsulation via ionotropic gelation.","authors":"Thi Kim Ngan Tran, Thi Thu Ha Nguyen, Thien Loc Huynh, Thien Hien Tran, Nu Thuy An Ton, Long Giang Bach","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2689400","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2689400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Centella asiatica</i> extract is a potential source of bioactive compounds that are susceptible to degradation under processing and practical application conditions. Therefore, microencapsulation technology is an effective solution to protect the active compounds and improve their stability and release from <i>Centella asiatica</i> extract. This study aims to determine the optimal extraction conditions for <i>Centella asiatica</i> extract using ultrasound and to develop an alginate microencapsulation system for <i>Centella asiatica</i> extract using the ion-gel method, capable of protecting and preserving the bioactive compounds. The research results showed that the extraction process achieved the highest efficiency when using 80% ethanol, with a material:solvent ratio of 1:80, and sonication at 50 °C for 45 min. Under these conditions, the extracts obtained had total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) content of 379.537 ± 1.223 mg GAE/g DW and 154.258 ± 0.467 mg QE/g DW, respectively, demonstrating that the ultrasonic method contributed to increasing the ability to break down plant tissue and release active ingredients effectively. In the microencapsulation process, the gel formation conditions using 2% alginate, with an ultrasonic vibration amplitude of 50% for 5 min, resulted in a uniform microencapsulation system with a microencapsulation efficiency of 83.84%, stable particle structure, and suitable hardness and swelling. After 1 month of storage, the microencapsulation system maintained good quality, demonstrating the effective protection and stabilization of active ingredients by the alginate material.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nirmala Palayathan, Rajeshkumar Shanmugam, Yuvaraj M, Suresh V Chinni, Subash C B Gopinath
{"title":"Selenium nanoparticle production using <i>Azadirachta indica</i> extract: biosynthesis, characterization, and cytotoxic effects in fibroblast cells.","authors":"Nirmala Palayathan, Rajeshkumar Shanmugam, Yuvaraj M, Suresh V Chinni, Subash C B Gopinath","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2684684","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2684684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted considerable attention in biomedical research owing to their potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties, along with their reduced toxicity. The current paper set out to prepare SeNPs under <i>Azadirachta indica</i> (Neem) leaf extract, to describe their physicochemical characteristics, and to determine their cytotoxic action on a normal fibroblast cell line. The synthesized SeNPs were systematically characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron microscopy (TEM), SAED pattern and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The average crystallite size of the nanoparticles was calculated using the Scherrer equation. The antioxidant efficacy was demonstrated the ABTS and nitric oxide scavenging analysis, Cytotoxicity evaluation was carried out through an MTT assay using L929 fibroblast cells exposed to a concentration range of selenium nanoparticles from 10-100 µg/mL. SEM imaging showed the heterogeneous morphology, irregular, and aggregated structures and the size of the nanoparticles is 2.3 nm at TEM analysis. FTIR spectra showed the occurrence of the phenolic, amide, and alcohol functional groups that were involved in the capping of the particles. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the synthesized nanoparticles possessed a predominantly crystalline nature, with an average crystallite size of 27.6 nm. The MTT assay demonstrated a concentration-dependent response, showing greater than 90% cell viability at concentrations up to 40 mg/mL, while a moderate reduction in viability (approximately 75%) was observed at 100 mg/mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Food-grade production of recombinant human serum albumin in <i>Kluyveromyces lactis</i> and evaluation of its biological activity.","authors":"Zhicheng Liang, Mulan Deng, Zhi Zhang, Xiuyi Liang, Meirong Li, Sujin Zhou, Zhenggang Zhao, Yongping Mu, Fanghong Li, Allan Zijian Zhao","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2650498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2650498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human serum albumin (HSA) is extensively used in clinical applications and cell culture media for many years. Traditional production of HSA from human blood is constrained by the availability of blood donations and the significant risk of viral transmission from donors. <i>Kluyveromyces lactis</i> (<i>K. lactis</i>) serves as a food-grade expression host of heterologous proteins for food products and medicinal applications. In this study, we successfully produced food-grade recombinant HSA (rHSA) expressed by the host yeast <i>K. lactis</i> GG799. The results showed that rHSA expression increased over the first four days of culture, reaching a peak on day four, achieving an expression level of 11.67 mg/L. Cell culture analyses indicated that rHSA is equivalent to plasma-derived HSA (pHSA) in HEK293T cells and ExpiCHO-S cells. Specifically, rHSA effectively promoted cell growth without causing any cytotoxicity in both HEK293T cells and ExpiCHO-S cells. Our findings suggest that genetically modified <i>K. lactis</i> can serve as an effective bioreactor for producing food-grade and cost-effective rHSA that is safe, and can help meet the growing global demand for HSA from non-animal sources for drug production and cell culture.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioprospecting microbial proteases: methods and multisector applications.","authors":"Aradhana Satapathy, Gagan Kumar Panigrahi","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2679290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2679290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteases, also referred to as proteinases or peptidases, are a collection of hydrolase enzymes responsible for cleaving peptide bonds in proteins. They are broadly classified as endo-peptidase which act within peptide chains, and exo-peptidase which sequentially remove amino acids from the terminal ends. Microbial proteases, particularly alkaline proteases are essential for various bio-industrial applications, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, detergent formulations, food processing, waste management, and the production of bioactive peptides and environmental sustainability. The expanding scope of microbial proteases in sustainable industries highlight their potential in environmental applications, particularly in bioremediation and waste management. Few studies provide a comprehensive and updated overview that integrates advanced screening techniques, latest optimization strategies, and sustainable downstream processing within a single framework. This review aims to consolidate recent advancements in strain improvement through adaptive evolution, environmentally friendly production strategies, and the utilization of proteases in the circular bio-economy particularly for waste valorization and by-product enhancement. It further discusses the interdisciplinary potential of bacterial proteases across multisector domains including environmental, agricultural, and industrial applications. These reviews summarize classification, enzyme production, optimization, catalytic mechanism, screening, applications, downstream processing and recent advance technologies, thereby highlighting their growing potential in sustainable industrial processing and future bio-catalytic innovations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wanyi Ran, Mo Zhou, Yan Cheng, Ping Song, Yingchun Zhu, Lishi Yan
{"title":"Coupling deep eutectic solvent and laccase treatment for cellulose fiber recovery from lignocellulosic biomass.","authors":"Wanyi Ran, Mo Zhou, Yan Cheng, Ping Song, Yingchun Zhu, Lishi Yan","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2679289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2679289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective pretreatment is critical for recovering high-purity cellulose fiber from lignocellulosic biomass. This study reports a sequential biochemical strategy for wheat straw valorization employing choline chloride/lactic acid/water natural deep eutectic solvent (DES) followed by laccase treatment. This integrated approach synergistically targeted lignin and hemicellulose removal, and facilitated the recovery of highly crystalline cellulose fibers. The DES solution consists of chloride (ChCl) and lactic acid (LA) (1:9 molar ratio), containing 10% (w/w) water. Optimization revealed that DES pretreatment (120 °C, 2 h) coupled with laccase treatment (35 °C, 24 h) maximized delignification (99.5%) and hemicellulose removal (95.5%), and yielded 95.1% remaining cellulose with 93.5% purity. This approach realized that both retention and purity of cellulose reached over 90%, which cannot be achieved by majority pretreatment methods. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization (SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA) demonstrated that the recovered cellulose fibers possess significantly enhanced crystallinity and superior thermal stability compared to the untreated biomass. This study provides a novel approach which integrating DES-laccase treatment process to recover high-purity cellulose fibers with negligible cellulose loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148101871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integration of recovery and purification of kombucha invertase by partitioning in an aqueous two-phase system.","authors":"Jasmina Vitas, Milica Perović, Maja Milošević Puhačin, Radomir Malbaša, Mirjana Antov","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2672536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2672536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kombucha fermentation was conducted on black tea substrate sweetened with sucrose. Basic kombucha parameters (pH, total acidity and yield of the biomass) were measured in order to establish the time course of the fermentation. Aqueous two-phase systems consisted of polyethylene glycol, ammonium sulfate and crude enzyme, and at different pH values, were applied for kombucha invertase partitioning. The partition coefficient, yield and purification factor of invertase were determined in order to evaluate the success of isolation and purification of the invertase. In system composed from 10% PEG 1500, 20% salt and 30% crude enzyme at pH 5, yield 88.3 ± 4.0% and purification factor 13.6 ± 0.5 in the bottom phase were attained thus enabling integrated recovery and purification of kombucha invertase.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bei Liu, Jinzhong Hu, Panpan Feng, Juan Xu, Wenting Jiang, Ning Lu, Huawei Wei, Minyan Xu, Shenglan Xia
{"title":"Optimization of ultrasound-assisted pectinase extraction of flavonoids from peppermint leaves and evaluation of their antioxidant activity.","authors":"Bei Liu, Jinzhong Hu, Panpan Feng, Juan Xu, Wenting Jiang, Ning Lu, Huawei Wei, Minyan Xu, Shenglan Xia","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2667924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2667924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peppermint (<i>Mentha piperita</i> L.) is valued for its bioactive flavonoids. However, the combined application of ultrasound and pectinase for flavonoid extraction from peppermint has not been thoroughly investigated. This study developed an ultrasound-assisted pectinase extraction (UAPE) process for efficient and green extraction of flavonoids from peppermint leaves. Utilizing the response surface methodology (RSM), we found that the best extraction circumstances included adding 1.5% pectinase, applying ultrasound for 41 min at 51 °C, and maintaining a liquid-to-solid ratio of 32 mL/g, which led to a 12.87 ± 0.04 g/100 g DW yield of total flavonoids. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis of the flavonoids resulted in the determination of 38 compounds. Quantitative analysis of four target compounds revealed that hesperidin was the most abundant at 892 ± 10 μg/g DW, and then diosmin (452 ± 10 μg/g DW), linarin (374 ± 5 μg/g DW), and a significantly lower concentration of acacetin (0.8 ± 0.08 μg/g DW). Furthermore, the flavonoid extract exhibited antioxidant activity, demonstrating half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of 0.0241 and 0.0243 mg/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, respectively. This study lays the groundwork for the potential exploitation and application of peppermint resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148006161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larissa Zhan, Felipe A F Antunes, Mario Alberto Yaverino-Gutierrez, Silvio S da Silva, Júlio C Dos Santos, Anuj K Chandel
{"title":"Egg shell powder: an inexpensive material for detoxification of sugarcane bagasse acid hydrolysate, cells immobilization agent and nutritional supplement for ethanol and xylitol production.","authors":"Larissa Zhan, Felipe A F Antunes, Mario Alberto Yaverino-Gutierrez, Silvio S da Silva, Júlio C Dos Santos, Anuj K Chandel","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2672530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2672530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enhancing the sustainability of fermentation processes increasingly involves the reuse of bio-residues to replace synthetic reagents and reduce environmental impact, as well as the increase process yield and optimization reducing cost of process. This study investigates the integration of eggshell as a low-cost, renewable alternative in the production of second-generation (2G) ethanol and xylitol from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates. Eggshell naturally comprises of about 97% calcium carbonate in its composition, besides being readily available due to the extensive consumption of eggs in various sectors. Applications of eggshell were evaluated across multiple process stages, including pretreatment, detoxification, cell immobilization, and nutritional supplementation. Eggshell proved effective in supporting fermentation, particularly due to its high calcium carbonate content and natural alkalinity, which contribute to pH regulation and nutrient supply. Using immobilized cells in flask-scale fermentations, ethanol and xylitol production yields (Y<sub>P/S</sub>) of 0.21 and 0.20 g/g, and productivities (Q<sub>P</sub>) of 0.09 and 0.31 g/L·h, respectively were achieved. Furthermore, eggshell proved to be successful to decrease concentrations of inhibitors molecules present in hemicellulosic hydrolysate derived from sugarcane bagasse in more than 90% of 5-HMF and furfural, besides of partial removal of other compounds such as syringaldehyde and ferulic acid. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using eggshell powder as a multifunctional additive, offering an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to improve the overall performance of 2 G ethanol and xylitol bioproduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148006149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization, purification, and biochemical characterization of protease enzymes from <i>Penicillium roqueforti</i> using sunflower meal as substrate.","authors":"Swetha Seshagiri, Narendra Reddy, Pornanong Aramwit","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2672537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2672537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteases are industrially important enzymes widely used in food, textile, biotechnology and other industries and are produced using various microorganisms and substrates. In addition to carbon (carbohydrate) and/or nitrogen as primary nutrients, enzyme production requires additional supplements. Numerous studies have been done on using biobased and renewable resources as substrates for the production of enzymes. Sunflower meal is a major coproduct obtained during processing of the seed for oil and contains both proteins and carbohydrates which can provide the carbon and nitrogen necessary for enzyme production. However, biobased sources also contain protease inhibiting phenols, phytates, and antinutritional components which negatively impacts protease production and activity. Similarly, conditions during the production of the enzyme also affect yield and quality. Hence, it is necessary to develop optimum conditions and understand the influence of various nutrients and processing conditions on protease production. In this study, production of proteases was optimized using <i>Penicillium roqueforti</i> as the fungal source and sunflower meal as the substrate. Production conditions such as pH, time and temperature were optimized and the crude enzyme obtained was purified. Partially purified enzyme was studied for its activity under various pH, temperature and in the presence of promoters and inhibitors. Before purification, the enzyme showed highest activity of 17 International Units per milliliter (IU/mL) with alkaline pH being the most productive. Similarly, the purified enzyme had highest activity of 11 IU/mL and was found to be most active at 50 °C. Enzyme produced was classified as serene protease. Using sunflower meal may be an economical and commercially feasible approach for large scale production of proteases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147982821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced production of lactosucrose using an integrated levansucrase-yeast system with an invertase-deficient <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> strain.","authors":"Woo-Cheul Han, Je-Hyuk Lee, Ki-Hyo Jang","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2026.2672524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2026.2672524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactosucrose is a functional trisaccharide with significant prebiotic potential. However, its enzymatic synthesis from sucrose and lactose is often limited by glucose accumulation, which shifts the reaction equilibrium toward hydrolysis. In this study, we developed an efficient preparative production system for lactosucrose by integrating <i>Zymomonas mobilis</i>-derived levansucrase with an invertase-deficient <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> ATCC 56741. Unlike conventional wine yeasts, the selected strain preferentially reduced glucose while minimizing sucrose and lactosucrose degradation under the tested conditions, thereby maintaining favorable conditions for transfructosylation. The integrated system was optimized by evaluating various relative proportions of enzyme activity and yeast biomass standardized by cell density. Under the optimized yeast-dominant condition (activity-to-biomass ratio of 1:3), a maximum lactosucrose concentration of 128.2 g/L was achieved. Furthermore, the biological removal of glucose may simplify downstream processing by reducing byproduct interference. Unlike glucose oxidase-based systems, which generate gluconic acid and require pH control, the present approach utilizes biological glucose removal without introducing additional acidic byproducts. These results suggest that the integrated levansucrase-yeast system is a promising preparative-scale strategy for lactosucrose production.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147974746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}