{"title":"Advanced temperature control in ethanol fermentation using a PSO-PID controller with split-range control strategy.","authors":"Raju Yerolla, Suhailam P, Chandra Shekar Besta","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2024.2381761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2024.2381761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global energy demand is experiencing a notable surge due to growing energy security. Renewable energy sources, like ethanol, are becoming more viable. In the present study, the application of a PSO-PID (Particle Swarm Optimization - Proportional Integral Derivative) controller with a split-range control strategy was suggested for the regulation of temperature within the fermentation system. To optimize performance, a POS-PID controller with a split-range arrangement utilizing two control valves for hot and cold utilities was constructed. The study began by examining the open-loop dynamic response of the system to inlet temperature and concentration disturbances during ethanol production fermentation. Subsequently, a transfer function model was developed through linearization at the steady-state operating point. The split-range controller structure, implemented by optimizing the PSO-PID controller parameters using PSO, effectively demonstrated temperature control in simulations of a nonlinear model. In this investigation, the ethanol fermentation system was modeled as a CSTR using a modified Monod equation for microbial growth kinetics. Various dynamic behavioral disturbances were explored and verified in the model with plant data in this study. The simulation model results were validated through plant data. The proposed method showed superior closed-loop performance with respect to errors, with the actuators proving to be effective than other reported methods for temperature control.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Markus Mozgovicz, Nico Lingg, Igor Tadeu Lazzarotto Bresolin, Theresa Schaufler, Alois Jungbauer
{"title":"Quantification of human intravenous immunoglobulin from plasma and in process samples by affinity chromatography.","authors":"Markus Mozgovicz, Nico Lingg, Igor Tadeu Lazzarotto Bresolin, Theresa Schaufler, Alois Jungbauer","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2024.2384494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2024.2384494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in affinity chromatography now make it possible to analyze immunoglobulin G from plasma and its fractions with a simple chromatographic method. Ligands derived from camelid antibodies have been developed which have affinity to all 4 subclasses of human IgG without a cross reactivity to other immunoglobulins. The commercially available Capture Select FcXL is the basis for a simple method for direct quantification of immunoglobulin G from plasma or from fractions from cold ethanol precipitation. After direct injection of the sample into the column the unbound proteins are washed out with equilibration buffer and eluted with a pH-step. The elution the peak is integrated, and quantity is derived form a standard curve. The limit of detection with 40 µg/mL, and a linearity up to 250 µg/mL allows an analysis of samples ranging from 0.04 to 50 mg/mL using varying injection volume without further dilution and the two-wavelength detection. A full cycle is completed within five minutes. This method can serve as orthogonal method for in-process control but also for process development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cold maceration extraction of wild fruit <i>Terminalia bellirica</i> (Gaertn.) Roxb.: exploring its bioactives for biomedical applications.","authors":"Nisha Nerlekar, Pradnya Patil, Suraj Khot, Arati Kulkarni, Prafull Dandge, Ajinkya Berde, Shubham Kamane, Prajakta Ghatage, Padma Dandge","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2024.2313632","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2024.2313632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Terminalia bellirica (T. bellirica)</i> (Gaertn.) Roxb. is a well-known traditional medicinal plants that show promising treatment because of fewer side effects in humans. In the present study, the total phenol, flavonoid, condensed and hydrolyzable tannins extracted and analyzed from cold macerated (CM) <i>T. bellirica</i> (Gaertn.) Roxb. fruit (TBF) and leaves (TBL) extract with the identification of bioactive compounds using GC-MS/MS technique. The highest amount of bioactive content was found in ethanolic extract than toluene. Current experimental data of TBF extract shows the maximum and significant biological activity like free radical scavenging activity against DPPH and FRAP assays with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 51.07 ± 0.52 μg/ml and 63.14 ± 0.59 μg/ml respectively. However, IC<sub>50</sub> cytotoxicity values of TBF extract on MCF-7 cells for 24 hrs was found to be 6.34 ± 0.72 μg/ml. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for infectious pathogens <i>Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus</i> was >12.5 μg/ml and >100 μg/ml respectively, however, anti-inflammatory activity was demonstrated as an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 509.1 ± 1.72 μg/ml. Cold macerated fruit extract revealed threatening inhibitory potential against the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, with IC<sub>50</sub> of 50.98 ± 0.23 μg/ml and 46.70 ± 1.38 μg/ml respectively. Finally, the outcome of this study showed that <i>T. bellirica</i> (Gaertn.) Roxb. fruit extract could be an effective source of bioactives with efficient biomedical properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"982-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of microwave-assisted drying and extraction of 6-Shogaol from <i>Zingiber officinale</i> Roscoe.","authors":"Sathiyanarayanan Lohidasan, Tanvi Raut, Shakuntala Chopade, Suhas Mohite","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2297690","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2297690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale</i> Roscoe, Zingeberaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used as food, spice, or flavoring agent worldwide. 6-Shogaol is a compound of prime interest in exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and chemopreventive effects. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of microwave-assisted drying (MAD) followed by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) so as to produce 6-Shogaol enriched Ginger with improved therapeutic benefits. Various drying techniques <i>viz.</i> shade drying, tray drying, microwave-assisted drying and osmotic dehydration as a pretreatment were used for drying Ginger rhizomes. The dried rhizomes were extracted by conventional solvent extraction and microwave-assisted extraction techniques and tested for content of 6-Shogaol using the newly developed HPLC method whereas total flavonoid and polyphenol content were determined using the UV spectrophotometric method. Subjecting the microwave dried Ginger to microwave-assisted extraction for 45 min at constant power level of 284 W resulted in a significant rise in the extractability of 6-Shogaol (1.660 ± 0.018), total polyphenols (855.46 ± 5.33) and flavonoids (617.97 ± 6.40) compared to the conventional method of extraction. The proposed Ginger processing method of microwave drying followed by microwave extraction outperforms traditional methods in terms of speed, convenience, and performance thus can be scaled up to industrial levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"872-881"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139088108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gang He, Jun Yan, Li Liang, Wei Liu, Sizhu Chen, Peng Chen
{"title":"Characterization and biological activities of polysaccharides extracted from <i>Auricularia auricula</i> with different extraction methods.","authors":"Gang He, Jun Yan, Li Liang, Wei Liu, Sizhu Chen, Peng Chen","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2297689","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2297689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polysaccharides derived from <i>Auricularia auricula</i> exhibit diverse biological activities and hold significant potential for commercial utilization as functional food ingredients. In this investigation, polysaccharides from <i>A. auricula</i> were obtained using six extraction techniques (ammonium oxalate solution extraction, sodium hydroxide solution extraction, hot water extraction, pectinase and cellulase-assisted extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction). Subsequently, a comprehensive comparison was conducted to evaluate their physicochemical properties and biological functionalities. The ammonium oxalate solution extraction method yielded a higher extraction rate (11.76%) and polysaccharide content (84.12%), as well as a higher uronic acid content (10.13%). Although the six <i>Auricularia</i> polysaccharides had different molecular weight distributions, monosaccharide molar ratios, similar monosaccharide compositions, and characteristic functional groups of polysaccharides, they exhibited different surface morphology. In vitro assays showed that polysaccharides extracted by ammonium oxalate solution possessed good scavenging ability against DPPH free radical, hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion free radical as well as reduction power of iron ion. At the same time, both polysaccharides extracted by ammonium oxalate solution and sodium hydroxide solution promoted NO production in mouse macrophages along with the secretion of cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. These results indicated significant differences in the structure and characteristics among <i>Auricularia</i> polysaccharides prepared by various extraction methods, which may be related to the variety or origin of <i>A. auricula</i>; furthermore, their bioactivities varied accordingly in vitro assays where the ammonium oxalate solution extraction method was found more beneficial for obtaining high-quality bioactive <i>Auricularia</i> polysaccharides.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"859-871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilkgul Akmayan, Abdullah Bilal Ozturk, Tulin Ozbek
{"title":"Recombinant proteins production in <i>Escherichia coli</i> BL21 for vaccine applications: a cost estimation of potential industrial-scale production scenarios.","authors":"Ilkgul Akmayan, Abdullah Bilal Ozturk, Tulin Ozbek","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2299495","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2299495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic elevated research interest in microorganism-related diseases, and protective health application importance such as vaccination and immune promoter agents emerged. Among the production methods for proteins, recombinant technology is an efficient alternative and frequently preferred method. However, since the production and purification processes vary due to the protein nature, the effect of these differences on the cost remains ambiguous. In this study, brucellosis and its two important vaccine candidate proteins (rOmp25 and rEipB) with different properties were selected as models, and industrial-scale production processes were compared with the SuperPro Designer<sup>®</sup> for estimating the unit production cost. Simulation study showed raw material cost by roughly 60% was one of the barriers to lower-cost production and 52.5 and 559.8 $/g were estimated for rEipB and rOmp25, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"932-945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139417899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cláudio Wilian Victor Dos Santos, Cledson Barros de Souza, Antônio Thomás Da Silva, Josiel Santos do Nascimento, Luciano Aparecido Meireles Grillo, Francis Soares Gomes, Hugo Juarez Vieira Pereira
{"title":"Purification and characterization of a new trypsin-like protease from <i>Crotalaria stipularia</i>.","authors":"Cláudio Wilian Victor Dos Santos, Cledson Barros de Souza, Antônio Thomás Da Silva, Josiel Santos do Nascimento, Luciano Aparecido Meireles Grillo, Francis Soares Gomes, Hugo Juarez Vieira Pereira","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2299423","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2299423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteases are the main enzymes traded worldwide-comprising 60% of the total enzyme market-and are fundamental to the degradation and processing of proteins and peptides. Due to their high commercial demand and biological importance, there is a search for alternative sources of these enzymes. <i>Crotalaria stipularia</i> is highlighted for its agroecological applications, including organic fertilizers, nematode combat, and revegetation of areas contaminated with toxic substances. Considering the pronounced biotechnological functionality of the studied species and the necessity to discover alternative sources of proteases, we investigated the extraction, purification, and characterization of a protease from seeds of the <i>C. stipularia</i> plant. Protease isolation was achieved by three-phase partitioning and single-step molecular exclusion chromatography in Sephacryl S-100, with a final recovery of 47% of tryptic activity. The molecular mass of the isolated enzyme was 40 kDa, demonstrating optimal activities at pH 8.0 and 50 °C. Enzymatic characterization demonstrated that the protease can hydrolyze the specific trypsin substrate, BApNA. This trypsin-like protease had a <i>K</i><sub>m</sub>, <i>V</i><sub>max</sub>, <i>K</i><sub>cat</sub>, and catalytic efficiency constant of 0.01775 mg/mL, 0.1082 mM/min, 3.86 s<sup>-1</sup>, and 217.46, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"910-917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"UV mutagenesis for lipase overproduction from <i>Bacillus cereus</i> ATA179, nutritional optimization, characterization and its usability in the detergent industry.","authors":"Vichi Sicha Irianto, Elif Demirkan, Aynur Aybey Cetinkaya","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2299441","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2023.2299441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the wild-type <i>Bacillus cereus</i> ATA179 was mutagenized by random UV mutagenesis to increase lipase production. The mutant with maximum lipolytic activity was named <i>Bacillus cereus</i> EV4. The mutant strain (10.6 U/mL at 24 h) produced 60% more enzyme than the wild strain (6.6 U/mL at 48 h). Nutritional factors on lipase production were investigated. Sucrose was the best carbon source, (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> was the best nitrogen source and CuSO<sub>4</sub> was the best metal ion source. Mutant EV4 showed a 32% increase in lipase production in the modified medium. The optimum temperature and pH were found to be 60 °C and 7.0, respectively. CuSO<sub>4</sub>, CaCl<sub>2</sub>, LiSO<sub>4</sub>, KCl, BaCl<sub>2</sub>, and Tween 20 had an activating effect on the enzyme. <i>V</i><sub>max</sub> and <i>K</i><sub>m</sub> values were found to be 17.36 U/mL and 0.036 mM, respectively. The molecular weight was determined as 28.2 kDa. The activity of lipase was found to be stable up to 60 days at 20 °C, 75 days at 4 °C, and 90 days at -20 °C. The potential of lipase in the detergent industry was investigated. The enzyme was not affected by detergent additives but was effective in removing stains in fabrics contaminated with oily substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"918-931"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of total flavonoids purification process in rose by uniform design method.","authors":"Dongmei Qin, Cui He, Yuefeng Gao, Bo Lyu","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2024.2311918","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2024.2311918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to establish a method for purifying total flavonoids in roses using macroporous resin columns, intending to leverage and harness their potential. We screened six macroporous resins to evaluate their capacity for their adsorption and desorption, ultimately identifying X5 macroporous resin as the most effective. To comprehensively understand the adsorption behavior, we analyzed it using various models, such as pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, particle diffusion models, and Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. Employing both single-factor and uniform design, approaches, the focus of this work was on maximizing the total flavonoid recovery rate. A 3-factor and 10-level uniform design table was utilized for optimizing the optimal process parameters and exploring the antioxidant properties of the purified flavonoids. The optimal process conditions for purifying total flavonoids from roses can be summarized as follows: a sample concentration of 2 mg/mL, pH at 2, 55 mL sample volume, eluent ethanol concentration of 75%, eluent volume of 5 BV, and the elution rate set at 1 mL/min. Following purification, the total flavonoid content peaked at 57.82%, achieving an 84.93% recovery rate, signifying substantial antioxidant potential. Consequently, the method established for purifying TFR using X5 macroporous resin in this study proves to be a dependable and reliable method consistent approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"946-957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coproduction of inulinase and invertase by <i>Galactomyces geotrichum</i> in whey-based medium and evaluation of additional nutrients.","authors":"Ozden Canli Tasar, Gani Erhan Tasar","doi":"10.1080/10826068.2024.2313630","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826068.2024.2313630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this research was to evaluate the suitability of whey as an effective medium for the coproduction of inulinase and invertase by an oleaginous yeast <i>Galactomyces geotrichum</i> and to investigate the effects of some additional carbon and nitrogen sources. The nutritional factors and composition of the medium have a great impact on the production pathways of microbial enzymes. To deepen the research, a Taguchi design was employed to quickly scan the best conditions. First, the cheese whey was partly deproteinized and investigated as the sole medium for the yeast. The next step was performed to study the effects of inulin, sucrose and lactose as carbon sources and ammonium sulfate, yeast extract and casein as nitrogen sources. All analyses (Taguchi and ANOVA) were performed using Minitab software. Whey-based medium without any additional carbon and nitrogen sources gave inulinase and invertase activities as 54.6 U/mL and 47.4 U/mL, respectively. Maximum inulinase activity was obtained as 77.9 U/mL using inulin as the carbon source without any nitrogen source. The highest I/S ratio was found as 2.08. On the other hand, the highest invertase activity was carried out as 50.85 U/mL in whey-based medium using lactose as carbon source without any additional nitrogen source. This is the first report about partly deproteinized whey-based medium utilization for simultaneous inulinase and invertase production by <i>G. geotrichum</i> TS-61. Moreover, the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources were investigated in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":20401,"journal":{"name":"Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"974-981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}