Polimery w medycynie最新文献

{"title":"Extracellular product of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in growth medium is involved in the pro-inflammatory cytokine response of human oral epithelial cells in vitro.","authors":"Majid Neamah Ali,&nbsp;Ayaid Khadem Zgair","doi":"10.17219/pim/155849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/155849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epithelial cells are the first barrier to any microbial invasion. Finding a safe and affordable substance to stimulate the innate immune response of epithelial cells is one of the main challenges immunologists and vaccine manufacturers are facing.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to show the comparative effect of sterile bacterial secretion (SBS) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial cell isolates obtained from burn wound infections on the ability of human epithelial cells (HECs) to produce interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in vitro.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The HEC cultures were exposed to P. aeruginosa 8 (Pa 8), Pa 2 and Pa 1 bacterial cells (isolated from burn wound infections). The other 3 groups of HECs were exposed to 50 μL of sterile, endotoxin-free SBS of Pa 8, Pa 2 and Pa 1. The time course of changes in IL-1β mRNA, TNF-α mRNA, IL-1β, and TNF-α was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moderate (p < 0.05) elevations of IL-1β mRNA in HECs and IL-1β protein in the supernatant of the HEC culture were observed following exposure to SBS of Pa 8, Pa 2 and Pa 1 at most time points. High elevation (p < 0.05) of IL-1β was seen in the supernatant of the HEC culture that was exposed to bacterial cells (Pa 8, Pa 2 and Pa 1). Similar results were found when TNF-α mRNA was measured in HECs and TNF-α in the supernatant of the HEC cultures after exposure to bacterial cells (Pa 8, Pa 2 and Pa 1) and the SBS of Pa 8, Pa 2 and Pa 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first time that the capacity of SBS to generate epithelial cell pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro has been shown. In other words, SBS enhanced a nonspecific immune response, which opens the door to the possibility of using SBS from P. aeruginosa as an adjuvant in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"52 2","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10410114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymeric capsules and micelles as promising carriers of anticancer drugs.","authors":"Tomasz Kubiak","doi":"10.17219/pim/145513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/145513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymeric micelles and capsules are promising candidates for carriers of antineoplastic medications. Biodegradability and broadly defined biocompatibility are the key features that should always characterize polymers intended for medical applications. A well-designed delivery system ought to ensure the safe transport of chemotherapeutic agents to the target area and thus minimize systemic exposure to these drugs, limiting their toxic effect, preferably to the cancer cells. Polymeric micelles are often tailored for encapsulation of water-insoluble drugs. Micellar structures are usually fabricated as a result of self-assembly of various amphiphilic block copolymers in aqueous environment. More advanced methods are used to form capsules with a liquid core and a shell made of fused polymer nanoor microparticles. Such a coating can have homogeneous or heterogeneous composition. Janus and patchy capsules are usually characterized by more useful and advanced properties. Although some polymeric carriers are designed for a sustained release of the cargo, more sophisticated approaches involve payload liberation on demand under the influence of selected chemical or physical stimuli. The variety of available polymers and a wide range of possibilities of forming copolymers from different kind of monomers make polymeric materials ideal for the production of drug delivery systems with the desired properties. The aim of the present review is to sum up selected aspects of the use of polymeric micelles as carriers of cytostatic drugs, taking into account clinical applications. The additional objective is to show the studies on creating alternative systems based on stimuli-responsive capsules with shells made of polymeric particles.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"52 1","pages":"37-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39946058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coating indwelling urinary catheters with moxifloxacin prevents biofilm formation by Burkholderia cepacia.","authors":"Jenan A Ghafil,&nbsp;Bashar Mohammed Salih İbrahim,&nbsp;Ayaid Khadem Zgair","doi":"10.17219/pim/149986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/149986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Burkholderia cepacia adhesion and biofilm formation onto abiotic surfaces is an important feature of clinically relevant isolates. The in vitro biofilm formation of B. cepacia onto coated indwelling urinary catheters (IDCs) with moxifloxacin has not been previously investigated.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the ability of B. cepacia to form biofilms on IDCs and the effect of coating IDCs with moxifloxacin on biofilm formation by B. cepacia in vitro.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The adhesion of B. cepacia to coated and uncoated IDCs with moxifloxacin was evaluated. Pieces of IDCs were coated with moxifloxacin (adsorption method). The spectrophotometric method was used to check moxifloxacin leaching into tubes. Coated and uncoated tubes were incubated with 107 colony forming units (cfu)/mL of B. cepacia. The viable bacterial count was used to count the number of bacteria adhered to coated and uncoated IDC pieces.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant adhesion of B. cepacia to uncoated IDC pieces started 15 min after the incubation in a bacterial suspension (107 cfu/mL). A maximum adhesion was observed at 48 h. The pretreatment of IDCs with 100 μg/mL of moxifloxacin produced the best adsorption of antibiotic onto the IDCs. Coating IDC pieces with moxifloxacin significantly reduced the adhesion and biofilm formation of B. cepacia (p < 0.05) at various time intervals (1 h, 4 h and 24 h).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study has demonstrated for the first time that coated IDCs with moxifloxacin reduce B. cepacia adhesion and biofilm formation. This finding has opened the door to the production of the new generation IDCs that prevent bacteria from attaching and forming biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40401106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kollidon® VA 64 and Soluplus® as modern polymeric carriers for amorphous solid dispersions.","authors":"Dominik Strojewski,&nbsp;Anna Krupa","doi":"10.17219/pim/150267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/150267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the number of new drug candidates that are poorly soluble in water grows, new technologies that enable the enhancement of their solubility are needed. This is the case with amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) that, nowadays, not only ensure the solubility, but can also be used to control the release rate of poorly soluble drugs. However, this dosage form must overcome the major disadvantage of ASDs, which is limited stability upon storage. Thus, a thorough knowledge on polymeric carriers that can enhance drug solubility while ensuring stability in the amorphous form is necessary. In this review, the state of the art in the application of Kollidon® VA 64 (copovidone) and Soluplus® (graft copolymer of polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)) in the manufacturing of ASDs over the last 20 years is presented. Apart from the classical methods, namely solvent evaporation or melting, more advanced technologies such as pulse combustion drying, high-speed electrospinning and single-step 3D printing are described. It has been shown that both the dissolution rate (in vitro) and enhancement in bioavailability (in vivo) regarding poorly soluble active ingredients of natural or synthetic origin are possible using these matrix-forming polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40408160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of fiber-reinforced, bulk-fill and conventional dental composites: Physical characteristics and polymerization properties.","authors":"Parham Pedram,&nbsp;Shiva Jafarnia,&nbsp;Sima Shahabi,&nbsp;Sogol Saberi,&nbsp;Hamidreza Hajizamani","doi":"10.17219/pim/151857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/151857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Resin composites have various applications. At the same time, they have some drawbacks, such as polymerization shrinkage. Conventional composites are polymerized in 2-mm thick layers. However, in posterior restoration, the 2-mm depth of cure is not satisfactory. To find a solution, resin composites have been vastly improved in terms of fillers, matrix and initiators.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate polymerization properties and physical characteristics of fiber-reinforced composites and compare them with bulk-fill composites that are designed for large posterior restorations.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Samples were prepared from each resin composite. The 3-point bending test was performed to evaluate the flexural strength of all composites. The depth of cure of the composite from 1 mm to 4 mm of depth was analyzed using Vickers hardness test (VHN). To analyze the degree of conversion, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of the top and bottom surfaces of the samples with 4-mm thickness was calculated. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test followed by post hoc test (95% confidence interval (95% CI)).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Filtek showed the highest flexural strength followed by everX and X-tra fil. At 1-mm depth, X-tra fil had the highest and Gradia had the lowest microhardness. At the 4-mm depth, the microhardness trend was as follows: everX > Filtek > X-tra fil > Gradia > Beautifil. The everX composite had the lowest reduction of the degree of conversion at 4-mm thickness, which showed a significant difference in comparison with Filtek, Gradia and X-tra fil composites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the results of our study, it can be concluded that the fiber-reinforced composite everX showed more favorable results regarding polymerization properties, such as the degree of conversion and the depth of cure. However, the flexural strength results in Filtek were better than those in everX.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40481167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical review on the extraction and pharmacotherapeutic activity of piperine.","authors":"Mohd Imran,&nbsp;Monalisha Samal,&nbsp;Abdul Qadir,&nbsp;Asad Ali,&nbsp;Showkat R Mir","doi":"10.17219/pim/145512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/145512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a climbing perennial plant in the Piperaceae family. Pepper has been known since antiquity for its use both as a medicine and a spice. It is particularly valued for its pungency attributed to its principal constituent - piperine. This review summarizes the information on the biological source of piperine, its extraction and isolation strategies, physicochemical properties, and pharmacological activity - analgesic, immunomodulatory, anti-depressive, anti-diarrheal, hepatoprotective, etc. The effect of piperine on biotransformation of co-administered drugs is also presented in this review, along with the mechanisms involved in its bioavailability-enhancing effect. Its important medicinal uses, including anti-hepatotoxic, anti-diarrheal, anti-depressive, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effects, besides many other traditional uses, are compiled. Based on an exhaustive review of literature, it may be concluded that piperine is a very promising alkaloid found in members of the Piperaceae family.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"52 1","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39946060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and statistical optimization of γ-PGA produced by Bacillus megaterium UP47 isolated from Pentaclethra macrophylla.","authors":"Olubusola A Odeniyi,&nbsp;Temiloluwa E Omoleye","doi":"10.17219/pim/143975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/143975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gamma-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a microbially produced non-toxic peptide biopolymer which is gaining grounds in many biotechnological fields and has a wide range of applications.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, the characteristics of γ-PGA produced by Bacillus megaterium isolated from an oil seed were determined, while the nutritional requirements of the bacterium were optimized using a predictive 15 factor-16 run Plackett-Burman experimental design.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The main effect of each factor, the interaction and quadratic effects of the factors on optimized production were determined from Box-Benkhen model using Dell Statistica v. 12 and 13 software. Bacillus megaterium UP47 produced the highest γ-PGA (16.33 g/L) out of 56 spore-forming Bacillus strains isolated from soil, water and fermented food samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hydrolysates of the produced γ-PGA had a retention factor which corresponded to the L-glutamic acid standard (retention factor (rf) 0.35), while high-definition fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic imaging showed characteristic peaks representative of the active bonds present in γ-PGA. The γ-PGA at a concentration as low as 50 mg/100 mL exerted antimicrobial inhibitions against test pathogens. A 2.00 w/v γ-PGA solution had 11 mm and 13 mm inhibition zones against Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae, respectively. A second order polynomial equation for prediction of γ-PGA was derived as: γPGA yield = 3316.061 - 449.708A + 9.036A2 - 139.813B + 3.095B2 - 7.699C - 0.164C2 + 13.116AB - 0.087AB2 - 0.248A2B + 3.781AC - 0.076A2C - 0.394BC. It showed an increase in γ-PGA yield with increasing L-glutamic acid and biotin, but a decrease with yeast extract.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bacillus megaterium UP47 had a maximum γ-PGA yield of 54 g/L and 62 g/L, respectively, from the Plackett-Burman and Box-Benkhen design, thereby resulting in an appreciable increase in polymer yield after the optimization process with a 95% confidence level.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"51 2","pages":"57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39728862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[An exceptionally long line: 50 years of \"Polymers in Medicine\"].","authors":"Marek Misiak","doi":"10.17219/pim/144892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/144892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The history of \"Polymers in Medicine\" reflects not only the development of utilizing such materials in medicine and pharmaceutics, but also changes in Polish scientific journals - dissemination of results of scientific research and broader scientific activity always takes place in a specific linguistic and sociopolitical context. The paper presents a brief historical sketch of the journal, starting from the establishment of the information bulletin \"Plastics in Medicine\", through the 1st International Conference of the COMECON \"Utilization of plastics in medicine\", which took place in Warsaw in October 1969, and the founding of \"Polymers in Medicine\" in 1970-1971, until the present day. Subsequent editors-in-chief are introduced, along with transformations of the layout, and above all, the evolution of issues described in the published papers, which initially concerned chiefly polymer materials in general, orthotics and plastic medical equipment. The changing rhythm of publication of the journal is discussed on the background of economic transformations during the decline of Polish People's Republic and the early days of modern Poland. Languages in which articles and additional materials were published in \"Polymers in Medicine\" can be regarded as a symbol of changes in the globalizing world of science: between 1964 and 1986 four languages (Polish, English, Russian, and German), then three (without German) until 1997, then two (Russian also disappeared) and - since 2021 - one (English).</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"51 2","pages":"103-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39728864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is additive manufacturing a magic bullet to resupply lacking PPE? Producing respirators and face shields during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.","authors":"Jakub Rzeszuto, Patryk Kaczor, Bernadetta Kosztulska, Iwona Handzlik, Szymon Suwała, Roman Junik","doi":"10.17219/pim/144329","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/144329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused an increase in the demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) and disruptions in production chains, resulting in an acute shortage of PPE. A possible solution to this problem was additive manufacturing (AM) technology - allowing for a quick start of the production of PPE and potentially able to meet the demand until the production is restored. In addition, AM allows for the production of PPE prototypes with potentially greater comfort of use or degree of protection. In order to assess the production of PPE in AM during the COVID-19 pandemic, previously published articles in this field were analyzed. After analyzing abstracts and full texts, 30 original works were selected from the initially collected 487 articles. Based on the analyzed literature, it was found that there are not enough studies comparing traditional and AM PPE as well as not enough comparisons of the different types of AM PPE with each other. In many cases, researchers focused only on the subjective assessment of the comfort of using PPE, without assessing their effectiveness in preventing infections. Despite that, AM has a great potential to quickly produce lacking PPE. Respirators and shields made by AM were rated by the vast majority of users as comfortable to wear. Some of the respirators could be adapted to a specific user, by designing on the basis of a face scan or after warming up the finished print and modeling the shape.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"51 2","pages":"91-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39728861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic-treated fucoidan as a promising therapeutic agent.","authors":"Victoria Suprunchuk","doi":"10.17219/pim/143961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/143961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fucoidans represent the sulfated heteropolysaccharides that possess a wide range of important pharmacological properties. The properties of a fucoidan depend on several factors, including the molecular weight and the way of extraction. However, the selection of an optimal depolymerization method is necessary to enhance its therapeutic applications. Reducing the molecular weight of fucoidans will make it possible to use them in creating nanoparticles and nanocarriers for, among others, the targeted drug delivery. The molecular mass of the polymer can be changed by means of various methods of depolymerization. In this work, the possibility of application of ultrasonic destruction for decrease in the size of fucoidan molecules for the purpose of expansion of opportunities and spheres of their therapeutic application is considered. This is one of the simple and effective methods of depolymerization of fucoidan, which leads to a decrease in molecular weight without significant structural changes in macromolecules. In addition, methods and potential applications of the ultrasonic extraction of fucoidan from seaweed and the possibilities of their combination are discussed, as well as other physical or chemical methods of extraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"51 2","pages":"85-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39728860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}