Polimery w medycynie最新文献

{"title":"Influence of drug incorporation strategy on structure and release behavior of alginate beads: A mechanistic study.","authors":"Jose Hernandez, Edith Cecilia Rivera-Meza, Adrian De Jesus Rivera-Ramirez, Mercedes Salazar-Hernandez, Rosa Hernandez-Soto, Alba N Ardila A","doi":"10.17219/pim/224828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/224828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Conventional excipients used in pharmaceutical formulations often exhibit limitations such as uncontrolled drug release and adverse patient responses, highlighting the need for improved drug delivery systems. Sodium alginate beads have been widely investigated as biocompatible carriers due to their ability to form ionically crosslinked hydrogels; however, the influence of drug incorporation strategies on their structural and functional performance remains insufficiently understood. In this study, alginate beads were used as delivery systems for acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and acetaminophen (AP), comparing encapsulation during gelation with post-synthesis impregnation. The aim was to evaluate how these strategies affect morphology, drug loading, and release mechanisms. Encapsulation resulted in higher drug loading efficiencies (66.5% for AP and 81.8% for ASA) compared to impregnation (61.4% and 73.3%, respectively), as well as a more homogeneous drug distribution within the polymeric matrix. Morphological and structural analyses confirmed that encapsulated beads exhibited more uniform and compact structures, whereas impregnated systems showed heterogeneous drug localization and surface-associated deposits. In vitro release studies revealed that encapsulation promotes controlled and sustained release, while impregnation leads to faster release due to shorter diffusion pathways. Kinetic modeling indicated that AP release follows anomalous transport involving both diffusion and polymer relaxation, whereas ASA release is predominantly diffusion-controlled. These findings demonstrate that the drug incorporation strategy governs the internal structure of alginate beads and directly determines their release behavior, providing mechanistic insight into the rational design of polymeric drug delivery systems with tunable and predictable performance.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The main objective of this study was to investigate sodium alginate beads as potential carriers for active pharmaceutical ingredients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Sodium alginate beads were prepared by ionotropic gelation and loaded with acetaminophen or acetylsalicylic acid either by encapsulation during gelation or by post-synthesis impregnation. The beads were characterized using FTIR, SEM, and XRD. Drug loading, swelling behavior, in vitro drug release, and release kinetics were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Encapsulation produced beads with higher drug-loading efficiency and more homogeneous structures than impregnation. Consequently, encapsulated systems exhibited more controlled and sustained drug release, whereas impregnated beads showed faster release because of drug localization near the bead surface. Kinetic analysis indicated anomalous transport for acetaminophen and predominantly diffusion-controlled release for acetylsalicylic acid.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicates that the d","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"56 1","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular insights into sub-inhibitory ceftriaxone-mediated modulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm architecture, quorum sensing networks, and antibiotic-target docking interactions.","authors":"Nabaa Amer Jaber, Jenan Atiyah Ghafil","doi":"10.17219/pim/224596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/224596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm polymer matrix formation contributes to antibiotic tolerance. The antibiofilm effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ceftriaxone (CTX), the molecular mechanisms by which these sub-MICs modulate biofilm polymer production and quorum sensing (QS), and the binding interactions of CTX with key biofilm regulatory proteins (LasR and RhlR QS receptors) have not been previously investigated.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the role of sub-MIC CTX in regulating biofilm polymer matrix formation, bacterial adhesion, QS gene expression (rhlR and lasR), and to perform molecular docking analysis of CTX interactions with LasR and RhlR QS receptor proteins and biofilm EPS polymer-associated targets.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>MICs and biofilm formation were determined. The effects of CTX sub-MICs on biofilm formation, adhesion to mouse bladder epithelial cells (BECs), and QS gene expression (rhlR and lasR, by qRT-PCR) were assessed. In silico molecular docking of CTX against the ligand-binding domains of LasR (PDB: 2UV0) and RhlR (PDB: 3T5K) was performed using AutoDock Vina. Interaction fingerprinting with biofilm EPS polymer-associated enzymes (AlgD and PelB) was also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CTX sub-MICs regulated biofilm formation in an isolate-dependent manner, reduced P. aeruginosa adhesion to mouse BECs, and downregulated the rhlR and lasR genes in a concentration-dependent manner. Molecular docking revealed that CTX binds favorably within the ligand-binding pockets of LasR (-8.3 kcal/mol) and RhlR (-7.1 kcal/mol) via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, suggesting competitive interference with QS autoinducer binding. CTX also exhibited affinity for AlgD (-7.6 kcal/mol), a key enzyme in alginate polymer biosynthesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CTX sub-MICs modulate biofilm EPS polymer matrix formation and epithelial adhesion by downregulating QS regulatory genes. lasR was more responsive to CTX sub-MIC stress than rhlR. Molecular docking supports a direct molecular interaction mechanism through which CTX may interfere with QS receptor signaling and alginate polymer biosynthesis, providing a structural basis for its antibiofilm activity at sub-inhibitory concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"56 1","pages":"65-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable polymers: A report from the Interdisciplinary Symposium in Tübingen, October 9, 2025.","authors":"Charlotte Elisabeth Scheherazade Schmidt","doi":"10.17219/pim/218618","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/218618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastics play a major role in daily life, with unprecedented levels of usage. As anthropogenically produced polymers should be optimized with regard to biodegradability and biocompatibility, green chemistry strategies offer promising pathways. In this context, the symposium on sustainable polymers in Tübingen presented a comprehensive overview of recent advances in polymer research, addressing synthesis and degradation pathways along with environmentally benign catalysts. These developments benefit not only industrial efficiency but also resource conservation and environmental protection. Beyond these sustainability-driven concepts, innovative approaches to biocompatible biomaterials for medical applications and advanced polymer systems for therapeutic drug delivery were highlighted. This conference report presents current polymer research, including contributions from the medical, pharmacological, and ecological fields. To foster interdisciplinary exchange on sustainable polymers, the Tübingen Symposium was initiated by the interdisciplinary faculty College of Fellows: Center for Interdisciplinary and Intercultural Studies at Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, on October 9, 2025, from 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., at the Ernst von Sieglin Lecture Hall.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc oxide nanoparticles potentiate the antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of imipenem against Klebsiella pneumoniae.","authors":"Deyar Jassim Shawi, Ayaid Khadem Zgair","doi":"10.17219/pim/220166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/220166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biofilm extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) biomass plays a central role in bacterial resistance to carbapenems, especially imipenem (IPM), which poses a serious threat to public health.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aims to use ZnO NPs to improve the susceptibility of imipenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (IRKP) to imipenem (IPM) and to reduce biofilm extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) biomass.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Susceptibility to IPM and biofilm formation were evaluated in 20 uropathogenic K. pneumoniae isolates. ZnO NPs were prepared using an extract of Thymus vulgaris leaves. The effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of IPM and ZnO NPs on biofilm formation were evaluated. The additive effect of sub-MICs of ZnO NPs on IRKP susceptibility to IPM and biofilm formation was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diameter of the prepared ZnO NPs was less than 50 nm. Biofilm formation negatively correlated with inhibition zone diameter (r = -0.819, p = 0.001) and positively with IPM MICs (r = 0.79, p = 0.001). Sub-MICs of IPM and ZnO NPs reduced biofilm formation on polystyrene in a concentration-dependent manner. The synergistic role of sub-MICs of ZnO NPs in decreasing the MICs of IPM against K. pneumoniae was observed, from 250 ± 50 μg/mL to 116.6 ± 14.4 μg/mL (at 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 MICs of ZnO NPs), while 1/16 MIC of ZnO NPs decreased the MICs of IPM to 125 ± 25 μg/mL. The 1/32 and 1/64 MICs of ZnO NPs reduced the MICs of IPM to 141.6 ± 14.4 μg/mL and 158.3 ± 80.36 μg/mL, respectively. The greatest reduction in biofilm extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) formation was observed at the highest concentrations of the IPM/ZnO NP combination, while the lowest reduction was observed at the lowest concentrations of both materials (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study demonstrated a synergistic effect of sub-MIC ZnO NPs on the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of imipenem against K. pneumoniae (IRKP).</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"56 1","pages":"53-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotechnological strategies to combat antibiotic resistance.","authors":"Weronika Łakomy, Maria Myślińska, Ewa Tarnawska, Wojciech Rogóż, Karolina Kulig, Aleksandra Owczarzy, Małgorzata Maciążek-Jurczyk","doi":"10.17219/pim/218777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/218777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article aims to present the current state of knowledge on four major biotechnological antimicrobial strategies and to evaluate their potential clinical applications in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance. Approaches such as phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, nanoparticles, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may significantly contribute to limiting the spread of resistance genes. Particular attention is given to advances in genetic engineering that enable precise targeting and elimination of resistance determinants, as well as to the therapeutic potential of the microbiome. A literature review of studies published between 2010 and 2025 was conducted using the following keywords: antimicrobial resistance, phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas9, AMPs, and nanotechnology. Both review articles and original studies, including preclinical and clinical data, were considered. Phage therapy demonstrates high efficacy against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, particularly in the form of phage cocktails and genetically engineered phages. Antimicrobial peptides exhibit broad-spectrum activity and can be structurally optimized to improve stability and selectivity. CRISPR-Cas9 systems enable targeted elimination of resistance genes or direct disruption of pathogen genomes, while nanotechnology facilitates drug delivery, biofilm penetration, and bactericidal activity, particularly through metal-based nanoparticles. Notably, all approaches show potential for synergistic use with conventional antibiotics. Biotechnological treatment strategies may become a key component in combating antibiotic resistance. However, their clinical implementation requires further research, comprehensive safety evaluation, regulatory development, and integration into medical practice. Advances in these areas could significantly reduce the global burden of infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"56 1","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave plasma-induced effects on human immune lymphocytes.","authors":"Atheer Q Muryoush, Jenan Hussein Taha, Sura Allawi Obaid, Bahaa Al-Rubaii","doi":"10.17219/pim/218614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/218614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microwave plasma generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, making it popular in biomedical research. These species affect human cell shape, viability, and function. Plasma-induced biochemical changes affect lymphocytes, which regulate immunological responses.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of microwave plasma on lymphocyte cells to estimate how different exposure times affect their biological responses. Lymphocytes were exposed to microwave plasma for different time intervals.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Healthy men aged 25-30 years provided 5 mL venous blood samples in sterile heparinized tubes. After stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), lymphocytes were grown in RPMI-1640 medium at 37°C for 72 h. After incubation, cells were centrifuged, red blood cells were lysed with a hypotonic solution, and fixed with methanol:acetic acid (3:1). The fixed cell suspension was air-dried and Giemsa-stained on glass slides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Studies have indicated that exposure to plasma alters the morphology and behavior of lymphocytes. Reactive species that interact with cell membranes and intracellular components may cause these alterations. Plasma has potential in biomedical applications, but exposure parameters must be carefully controlled. Short-term plasma exposure appears to boost cell proliferation in healthy lymphocytes, bolstering the immune response. In contrast, extended plasma exposure (≥25 min) may reduce pathological cell proliferation in diseased cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-duration plasma treatment promotes normal cell function, while extended exposure times target diseased cells. Microwave plasma has 2 effects depending on exposure time. Plasma exerts different biological effects depending on exposure time. Short exposure boosts normal lymphocyte activity and proliferation, but long exposure suppresses aberrant cells. Thus, microwave plasma is attractive for biomedical applications when exposure parameters are well controlled.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"56 1","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of interactions between LDPE containers and ingredients of oil-based ophthalmic formulations.","authors":"Marzena Jamrógiewicz, Katarzyna Czarnobaj, Katarzyna Krzemińska, Marcin Płaczek, Zofia Telefus, Julia Sołobodowska, Małgorzata Sznitowska","doi":"10.17219/pim/218264","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/218264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study presents the results of an investigation into the interactions between innovative ophthalmic formulations and commercially available low-density polyethylene (LDPE) containers. The newly developed formulations are self-emulsifying oils (SEOs) containing suspended drug particles, designed to form an emulsion immediately upon contact with tear fluid. Physicochemical and mechanical properties of the containers were evaluated. Interactions between 6 different LDPE containers and the SEO matrix (oil \"O\" and surfactant Tween 20 \"T\") were investigated, and the impact of the SEO formulations on the mechanical properties of the containers was assessed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to identify potential interactions between SEO components and the packaging that may occur during storage under stress conditions, based on changes in morphology, structure, thermal behavior, and mechanical strength.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The SEO carrier was prepared by mixing Miglyol® 812 with Tween® 20 at a concentration of 5% w/w, followed by sterile filtration. The suspensions were compounded aseptically using sterile, micronized sodium cefuroxime (CEF) and vancomycin hydrochloride (VAN) at a concentration of 5% w/w, along with sodium citrate (2% w/w). In accordance with stability testing guidelines, stress stability studies were conducted in a climatic chamber at 40°C/75% relative humidity and 60°C/75% relative humidity. To detect structural and physicochemical changes, advanced analytical techniques were employed, including Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the assessment of structural alterations and potential degradation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for evaluation of material crystallinity. The mechanical strength of packaging material fragments after contact with the formulations was evaluated using a TA.XTplus texture analyzer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experiments indicated potential migration (e.g., of plasticizers and residual monomers), as well as adsorption or absorption of excipient components. Subtle interactions were observed, accompanied by negligible changes in the mechanical strength of the packaging material.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study confirmed the necessity of comprehensive compatibility testing between ophthalmic formulations and their packaging materials. A thorough understanding of these interactions is essential to ensure product stability, safety, and quality during storage and use.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147532100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium alginate for wound healing applications: A review.","authors":"Muhammad Tahir, Simone Pettineo, Silvia Vicini, Maila Castellano, Marina Alloisio, Ketul Popat, Harishkumar Madhyastha, Kaoru Ohe, Kentaro Sakai, Alina Sionkowska","doi":"10.17219/pim/218616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/pim/218616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium alginate (SA) is a polysaccharide biopolymer widely used in wound healing applications due to its beneficial role in the hemostatic, inflammatory, and proliferative phases of tissue repair. Its hydrophilic nature supports the wound healing process by enabling efficient absorption of wound exudate and maintaining a moist microenvironment conducive to tissue regeneration. Moreover, SA can form highly porous structures that promote oxygen diffusion and provide a suitable scaffold for neovascularization and new tissue formation. This review summarizes recent advances in the application of SA in wound dressings. A bibliometric analysis of Scopus data using the keywords \"sodium alginate\" AND \"wound healing\" reveals a growing number of publications in recent years, highlighting the increasing scientific interest in this field. The expanding utilization of SA in wound healing may be attributed to its favorable properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":"56 1","pages":"7-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the optical and mechanical properties of plastics before and after ethylene oxide sterilization.","authors":"Hans De Brouwer, Muhammad Maqsood","doi":"10.17219/pim/208083","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/208083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ethylene oxide (EO) sterilization is the most used sterilization method for disposable medical devices. Its popularity is based on the fact that it can be executed on industrial scale on full pallets of packed products and the fact that many materials are compatible with this sterilization technique.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This article describes an introduction to EO as a sterilization technique and further studies on the compatibility of medical grade plastics with EO sterilization.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Fourteen different healthcare polymer grades have been exposed to EO. This includes frequently used polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polyesters, and polycarbonates. Their mechanical and optical properties before and after exposure with EO were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After both the statistical analysis and a comparison with the accuracy of the measurement system, it can be concluded that all tested polymers retained their mechanical properties as measured by tensile and Izod impact testing after 1 sterilization cycle. Optical measurements showed that only 2 of the polymer grades had a minor discoloration, while all other materials had a very limited color change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It has been shown that all families of plastics typically used in disposable medical products can be sterilized with EO without significant change in properties as determined on standardized test specimen.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"79-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-chemical properties and composition govern adhesion of resin-based dental fissure sealants: A preliminary in vitro study.","authors":"Aleksandra Piszko, Justyna Marcula, Paweł J Piszko, Anna Nikodem, Maria Krystyna Szymonowicz, Maciej Dobrzyński","doi":"10.17219/pim/210966","DOIUrl":"10.17219/pim/210966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental sealants are used to caulk fissures and pits in order to prevent caries development both in deciduous and permanent dentition. Loss of sealant integrity leads to the formation of marginal gaps, consequently increasing the risk of caries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the physicochemical and clinically relevant properties of 3 commercially available resin-based pit and fissure sealants: Arkona Fissure Sealant (AFS; Arkona, Nasutów, Poland), Flow-Color (FC; Arkona, Nasutów, Poland) and Flow-It ALC (FIA; Pentron, Orange, USA).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>After polymerization in dedicated molds, the materials were characterized using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), surface free energy (SFE) measurements and micromechanical testing to evaluate structural and mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was employed to visualize sample morphology and determine elemental composition. An in vitro fluoride release study was conducted in artificial saliva at varying pH values (4.5, 5.5, 7.0, 7.5), with deionized water as a reference. Measurements were recorded at 1, 3, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, and then weekly for up to 7 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AFS exhibited the highest values of SFE (38.4 mJ/m2), Vickers hardness (51.93 HV) and indentation modulus (11.93 kN/mm2). All sealants demonstrated cumulative fluoride release over the incubation period, with the highest release observed for AFS in artificial saliva at pH = 7.5 (0.772 ppm). FTIR spectra of all materials confirmed the presence of polymer backbones as declared by the manufacturers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Presented findings provide insight into material-dependent properties influencing adhesion, mechanical performance and ion release of resin-based dental sealants. Among the tested materials, AFS exhibited the most favorable overall profile, combining high filler content, optimized particle architecture, superior mechanical strength, elevated surface energy, and sustained fluoride release, which together support robust adhesion, resistance to occlusal forces and effective caries prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20355,"journal":{"name":"Polimery w medycynie","volume":" ","pages":"89-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}